Fagor 20i-T Owner's manual

Fagor Automation S. Coop.
20i-T / 30i-T
20i-T B / 30i-T B
Installation/Operation Manual
Manual code: 14460054
Manual version: 0612
Software version: 4.xx

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INDEX
1 DRO description ..........................................................................................3
1.1 Front panel ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.2 Turning the unit on and off .............................................................................................. 4
2 DRO operation .............................................................................................5
2.1 Display modes .................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 Incremental, absolute and with respect to Machine Reference Zero .......................... 6
2.2.1 Example .............................................................................................................................. 7
2.3 Machine Reference selection and search ...................................................................... 9
2.3.1 Home search sequence ......................................................................................................9
2.4 Operation with tools....................................................................................................... 10
2.4.1 Tool Preset ....................................................................................................................... 10
2.4.2 Deleting all tool offsets ..................................................................................................... 10
2.5 Special operations.......................................................................................................... 11
2.5.1 Scaling factor .................................................................................................................... 11
2.5.2 To access the special functions (Hold, taper calculation, calculator) ............................... 11
2.5.3 Coordinate freeze (HOLD). ............................................................................................... 11
2.5.4 Taper (cone) calculation ................................................................................................... 12
2.5.5 Calculator ......................................................................................................................... 13
2.5.5.1 Operating with the calculator. ........................................................................................... 13
2.5.5.2 Recall and Reset modes ..................................................................................................14
3 DRO installation ........................................................................................15
3.1 Installation of the built-in model ................................................................................... 15
3.2 Rear panel ....................................................................................................................... 16
3.3 General technical characteristics ................................................................................. 17
3.4 Connections .................................................................................................................... 17
3.4.1 Connection of the feedback systems ................................................................................ 17
3.5 Easy setup....................................................................................................................... 18
3.5.1 Accessing the "Easy Setup" mode ................................................................................... 18
3.5.2 Operating mode. ............................................................................................................... 18
3.5.3 Power and machine connection ....................................................................................... 19
3.6 Installation parameters .................................................................................................. 19
3.7 Parameters to configure axis position reading and display....................................... 21
4 Appendix ....................................................................................................27
4.1 UL seal............................................................................................................................. 27
4.2 CE seal............................................................................................................................. 27
4.2.1 Declaration of conformity .................................................................................................. 27
4.2.2 Safety conditions .............................................................................................................. 28
4.2.3 Warranty terms ................................................................................................................. 30
4.2.4 Material returning terms .................................................................................................... 30
4.3 Error codes ..................................................................................................................... 31
4.4 Maintenance .................................................................................................................... 32

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1 DRO description
1.1 Front panel
Each axis display has eight 14.1mm high LEDs and another one for the minus
sign (-).
Description of LED's and keys:
ABS It stays on when operating in absolute mode and off when in incremental
mode. To access it or quit it, press this key.
ΦIt stays on when operating in diameter mode. In this mode, the DRO displays
twice the actual axis movement. To access it or quit it, use this key if allowed
by installation parameter PAR04.
INCH It stays on when working in inches and off when doing it in millimeters. To
access it or quit it, press this key.
To get into and out of home search mode.
Selection of the current tool.
There are 20 tools that may be set for the part when using absolute
coordinates. The possible reference points (datum points) are from 0 to 19.
The 20i-T model shows the active reference on the display at all times,
whereas the 30i-T model only shows it when it is selected, after pressing the
reference key.
To select the axis or preset it with a certain value.
To zero the axis when the "quick zeroing" mode has been activated (see
PAR11 in the installation manual).
Only at the 30i-T. Key to select whether the 2nd display corresponds to "Z1",
"Z2" or to the "Z1+Z2" combination respectively. Every time this key is
pressed, the rightmost digit of the 3rd display rotates from "1" to "2" and off
respectively.
To turn the display off while keeping track of the axes position at all times.
To cancel or abort an operation already initiated.
To validate a preset value or another operation.
Beginning of preset when the "quick zeroing" mode has been activated (see
PAR11 in the installation manual).
To change the sign of the entered value or change from fine to coarse
resolution and vice versa.
To access the special functions (Hold, taper calculation)

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1.2 Turning the unit on and off
It turns on automatically when applying voltage or after pressing the on/off
key.
It shows Fagor dro or the corresponding error code. See the error table and
PAR11 for more options.
Turns the DRO on or off.
Precautions
Before disconnecting this unit from mains, press this key so it saves the
current position.
If the unit is turned off or there is a power outage, the DRO will try to save the
current position. If it does not have enough time to safe all the data, it will
display ERROR 2 when turned back on.

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2 DRO operation
2.1 Display modes
MM / INCH conversion
To display the position of the axes either in millimeters or inches by pressing
this key depending on whether the INCH led is off or on respectively.
Fine / coarse resolution
To turn off the last decimal digit (coarse resolution) for cases in which fine
resolution is excessive, simply by pressing this key.
Number of decimals
This keystroke sequence accesses parameter PAR53. The first digit
corresponds to the number of decimals to be displayed in mm and the second
digit in inches.
Radius / Diameter
When these models are used for measuring radii or diameters, one can
display twice the real displacement of the axis (diameter) by pressing this key.
The Φled will turn on or off to indicate the double or actual reading
respectively.
Notes: - This works in this way if bit 2 of installation parameter PAR04
(radius/diameter) of the axis has been preset as “1” (commutated).
Z axis as a single axis or combination of both (Z1and Z2). Only at the 30i-T:
To display the Z axis position, one or two feedback devices may be used. One
for the cross slide (Z1)and the other one for the carriage (Z2).
When using two feedback devices, the "Z" axis display may show the position
of Z1, that of Z2or the result from combining (adding) the positions of both
axes.
The rightmost digit of the third display shows a "1", a "2" or is off to indicate
that the Z axis display (2nd one) corresponds to "Z1", "Z2" or to the
combination of "Z1+Z2" respectively. This selection rotates by pressing this
key. It also shows the text "tool" followed by the number of the active tool
corresponding to the XZ coordinates shown on the other displays.
Axis feedrate. Only at the 30i-T:
The third axis (Zs) display shows the feedrate of the fastest moving axis in
m/min or feet/min depending on the status of the "inch" LED. To activate or
cancel this option, see PAR11 in the installation manual.

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2.2 Incremental, absolute and with respect to Machine Reference Zero
This DRO shows the current position of two or three axes (20i-T / 30i-T).
Coordinate means the distance from one point or position with respect with
another chosen as reference.
These DRO's can show the position of the axes in incremental or absolute
mode.
•InHome mode, it displays the distance from the current position of the axis
to the home point chosen in the feedback system.
Press this sequence to access the Home mode (only to search home).
(ABS) •InAbsolute (ABS), when the ABS led is on , it displays the distance from
the present position of the axis to part zero (D).
(I) •InIncremental, when the ABS and "home" LEDs are off the distance from
the present position of the axis to the previous position is displayed.
Toggles between the ABS and incremental modes.
It could occur that the installation parameter PAR11(1) has been set to “0” for
this key to independently affect each axis so that one axis can display its
position in incremental mode while the other does this in absolute. In this
case, to change the display mode, press one of these two sequences.

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2.2.1 Example
Using the lower figure, let us imagine we wish to make a part in which three
holes have to be drilled with the coordinates stated. It is clear that the
blueprint will only reflect the incremental coordinates (I) or the absolute ones
(ABS) referring to the part zero (point "0" in the figure) although the DRO also
shows them with respect to home (Io).
After referencing the axes, as was described in the previous section, we can
make this part in incremental or absolute mode according to whether we
chose a type of dimensions (I) or (ABS) of the blue-print.
In incremental
mode:
-Press this key until the ABS LED is turned off.
-Move the axis up to the face of the part to set it as part zero.
At this point, one can proceed in two ways:
-Preset the axis with a zero value by pressing this keystroke sequence:
-Move the axis towards the first position until the DRO reads: 22.600.
or...
-Preset the axis with a value of 22.600 by pressing this keystroke sequence.
In case of a mistake, press this key to cancel it and leave it as it was.
Pressing this key displays the previous preset value.
- Move the axis towards the first position until the DRO reads: 0.000.
This last method turns out to be more practical as after selecting the
destination coordinate one only has to remember to move the axis until the
DRO reads zero.
22.60025.000
15.000
[22.600]
[22.600
[0.000]

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- Once this turning operation has concluded, one can go to the next position,
after having preset the next coordinate (25.000), by moving the axis until the
display reads 0.000.
- And so on until all the turning operations are concluded.
Note:
By pressing this key until the ABS LED lights up, the DRO will show the real
position of the axis with respect to part zero "0"
In absolute mode:
-Press this key until the ABS LED is turned on.
-To preset part zero:
-Place the axis exactly over “0” and press:
At any time, by pressing this key, the DRO will display the present position
with respect with the previous zero (ABS led on).
[0.000]
[25.000]
ABS
ABS
ABS
22.600
47.600
63.600

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2.3 Machine Reference selection and search
Although it is not absolutely necessary, it is recommended to use the
reference marks (Io) of the feedback system in order to set a machine zero
point.
This allows the user to reference the machine axes and restore the work
coordinates after having turned the dro off, moved the machine while the dro
was off, for safety or for any other reason.
Fagor linear encoders have reference marks every 50 mm all along its length.
In order to use these marks properly, choose an area on the axis, for example
in the middle of the measuring length or at one end. Approach this area and
carry out the home search. Once the reference mark has been found, mark
this area with a marker or sticker in order to carry out the home search in the
same area in later occasions and make sure that you are using the same
machine zero point (home).
Fagor also offers encoders with distance-coded reference marks every 20, 40
or 100 mm. When using these distance-coded reference marks, there is no
need to move to the 0 position to find the references, simply move a distance
equal to the gap between marks (20, 40 or 100 mm depending on the linear
encoder)
When using an absolute encoder, there is no need to search for the reference
marks (home).
The dro stores in its internal memory work coordinates such as machine zero,
absolute and incremental.
2.3.1 Home search sequence
For encoders with regular reference marks, move the axis to the home area.
Access or exit the home search mode.
The axis displays blink showing " r " if the axis has not been homed or
" r on" if it has been homed.
Select the axis to be referenced (homed)
The selected axis blinks until a reference mark is detected. The reference
signal presets the axis display automatically with the value of PAR10, 0.000
mm by default.
If the encoder does not have a reference mark, move the axis to the desired
position and press this key.

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2.4 Operation with tools
2.4.1 Tool Preset
Up to 20 tools may be preset on this DRO model (from "tool 0" to "tool 19").
The unit stores in its internal memory the relative offsets of all the tools with
respect to that of "T0".
Therefore, if "T0" has been preset in ABS mode (on X and Z) and, then, the
rest of the tools, it will suffice to just preset "T0" again (on Z) to make a new
part. The DRO will then automatically recalculate all the offsets of the rest of
the tools without having to preset them for each part.
To preset a tool, just follow this procedure:
- Place a part of known diameter in the chuck in absolute mode (ABS led on).
- Move the tool to be preset until it touches the part.
- Press this key. The 3rd display shows the word "tool" followed by the
number of the active tool.
- Enter the tool number.
- Press [ENTER] to validate this operation or [C] to cancel it.
- Preset the part diameter.
These tool presets are kept in memory even when the unit is powered off up
to a maximum of 10 years.
Notes: The presets done with any tool in incremental mode change the part zero for
all the tools.
If a tool offset has been preset in Z1, Z2or Zs mode, that tool must be used in
the same mode (Z1, Z2or Zs) when using it to machine the part.
The tool offsets are referred to the machine zero found at the time. When
turning the DRO on, it is necessary to find the same reference mark.
The calculator function can also be used to preset an axis with the result of
the calculation. See section 2.5.5 Calculator.
2.4.2 Deleting all tool offsets
To delete the offsets of ALL the tools. Press this keystroke sequence: It will
show the text: "Delete?",
Press [ENTER] to validate the operation or [C] to cancel it.
ABS

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2.5 Special operations
2.5.1 Scaling factor
It is possible to apply a scaling factor within ±9.999 for mold making
applications:
The DRO will then show the axis position resulting from multiplying its real
position by the 'value' of the scaling factor.
2.5.2 To access the special functions (Hold, taper calculation, calculator)
Pressing [F] accesses the "special functions" menu.
This key may be used to display the various available options.
Pressing [ENTER] assumes the selected option.
Options: 1 - HOLD
2 - Angle calculation
3 - Calculator
Note:
A function may be directly accessed by pressing [F] and then the function
number. That is, [F] [1] to access HOLD directly or [F] [2] for angle
calculation.
2.5.3 Coordinate freeze (HOLD).
It enables “freezing” the display of the counter whilst inside it goes on reading
the real position of the axis. This comes about when it is necessary to change
the tool and preset the dimension of the new one.
Tool preset in HOLD mode.
It is possible to preset on the X axis the actual diameter value of the machined
part (measured with caliper or micrometer).
Procedure:
Having selected a tool:
• Machine the part to any diameter.
• Without removing the tool, set the X axis in HOLD mode.
• Remove the tool and measure the resulting diameter.
• Preset the part diameter. That value will be preset as the offset of the
selected tool.
• Exit the HOLD mode.
[factor]
Value

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Tool change at any known point of the part:
- Touch the part with the tool.
- Go into HOLD mode. The reading for that axis freezes with the current
value.
- Remove the tool to be replaced and insert the new one.
- Approach the new tool to the “freezing” point and touch the part at that point.
- Press this key. The reading “unfreezes” and starts counting from the
previously “frozen” value.
If this key is pressed instead, the DRO will assume half the distance traveled
since [HOLD] was pressed. This is possible when "freezing" only one axis.
2.5.4 Taper (cone) calculation
This DRO calculates the taper angle (cone) of a part by simply touching two of
its points and using these keys.
To do this, follow this procedure:
- Move the tool until it touches the part at any point of the taper.
- Access the angle calculation mode.
- Touch the part with the tool at any other point of the taper.
- Press [ENTER] so the DRO calculates the angle or [C] to cancel the
operation.
The "X" axis display will show the angle in ten-thousandths of a degree
(0.0001º) and the "Z" axis display will do so in degrees, minutes and
seconds.
- Press any key to return to the regular display mode.
α

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2.5.5 Calculator
This feature may be used to carry out mathematical and trigonometric
operations as well as preset the desired axis with the result of the calculation
or use the coordinates of the axes to carry out math operations.
To access the calculator mode
To quit the calculator mode.
2.5.5.1 Operating with the calculator.
Enters the first operand in the X axis display
Enters the second operand in the Z axis display.
Toggles between the various operations:
Toggles between the various trigonometric operations
It carries out the operation and leaves the result on the X axis display.
Basic operations
Display Meaning Operation
ad Add Result = X + Z
su Subtract Result = X - Z
nu Multiply Result = X * Z
di Divide Result = X / Z
Trigonometric operations
Display Meaning Operation
Sin Sine Result = Sin X
Cos Cosine Result = Cos X
Tan Tangent Result = Tan X

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2.5.5.2 Recall and Reset modes
Toggles between the recall and Preset modes.
RECALL mode The recall mode lets enter the current axis position into the calculator.
Enters the current position of the selected axis into the calculator. The [Z] key
for the Z1axis and the [Zs] key for the Z2axis.
PRESET mode The preset mode lets preset the desired axis with the result of an operation.
Presets the selected axis with the result of the calculation. The [Z] key for the
Z1axis and the [Zs] key for the Z2axis.
Example Calculate [Z1position] / 5 and preset the Zaxis with the result.
Example: calculator
Display keys Operation Display
X = 25
Z = 10
Goes into calculator mode X = 0
Z = 0
Zs= Ad
X = 0
Z = 0
Zs= Ad
Goes into RECALL mode
and enters the current
position in the Z axis.
X = 10
Z = 0
Zs= Ad
X = 10
Z = 0
Zs= Ad
Presets the divisor (5) X = 10
Z = 5
Zs= Ad
X = 10
Z = 0
Zs= Ad
Selects the divide operation X = 10
Z = 5
Zs= di
X = 10
Z = 5
Zs= di
Result in the X display (2) X = 2
Z =
Zs= di
X = 2
Z =
Zs= di
Goes into Preset mode X = 2
Z = Preset
Zs=
X = 2
Z = Preset
Z =
Presets the Z1axis with the
result of the calculation.
X = 25
Z = 2
Zs= di
X = 25
Z = 2
Zs= di
Quits the calculator mode. X = 25
Z = 2
Zs=
5
3 times

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3 DRO installation
3.1 Installation of the built-in model
Dimensions of the enclosure hole for inserting the DRO
Built-in DRO insertion
Bolt ISO 7380
M4 x 10 Inox
Nut DIN 985
M4 Inox

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3.2 Rear panel
On the back of the unit the following items may be found:
1. Three-prong power connector for AC and ground connection.
2. M6 mm terminal for general machine ground connection.
3. Mounting bracket
Some of the following connectors might not be available depending on specific
models:
X1.- SUB-D HD type 15-pin female connector for 1st axis feedback device.
X2.- SUB-D HD type 15-pin female connector for 2nd axis feedback device.
Not available at the 10i model.
X3.- SUB-D HD type 15-pin female connector for the third axis feedback
device. Only available at the 30i-M model.
UL seal
In order to comply with UL standards, this unit must be connected in the final
application using a listed detachable cord set (BLEZ) with a molded three-
prong plug and a suitable fitting to be connected to the equipment, rated
minimum 300 V AC. The cord type shall be SO, SJO or STO. Suitable Strain
Relief means must be provided in the cord set to assure the connection of the
plug and the fitting.
CE seal (see "CE seal" page 27)

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WARNING
Do not handle the connectors while the unit is under power.
Before handling the connectors (mains, feedback, etc.) make sure that the
unit is not under power.
It is NOT enough to turn the display off by using the [on/off] key at the
keyboard
3.3 General technical characteristics
• Universal Power Supply between 100V AC and 240V AC ±10% at Mains
frequency between 45 Hz and 400 Hz. Between 120Vdc and 300 Vdc
• It withstands power outages of up to 20 milliseconds.
• 10-year memory backup of installation parameters when the unit is off.
• The operating temperature inside the DRO enclosure must be between 5º C
and 45º C (41ºF and 113ºF).
• The storage temperature inside the DRO enclosure must be -25º C and
+70º C (-13º F and 158º F).
• Maximum relative humidity: 95% non condensing at 45ºC (113ºF).
• Front Panel Sealing: IP54 (DIN 40050), Rear panel: IP4X (DIN40050)
except for built-in models in which case is: IP20.
3.4 Connections
3.4.1 Connection of the feedback systems
The feedback systems (linear or rotary encoders) are connected via SUB-D
HD type 15-pin female connectors: X1 through X3. The latter (for the 2nd
axis) is not available at the 10i model.
Characteristics of feedback inputs: X1, X2 and X3:
- Power consumption: 250 mA at the +5V input.
- Admits square-wave signal (TTL). (A, B, Io)
- Maximum frequency: 250 KHz, minimum gap between flanks: 950 nsec.
- Phase shift: 90º ±20º, hysteresis: 0.25 V, Vmax: 7V,
maximum input current: 3mA
- High threshold (logic state 1) 2.4V < VIH < 5V
- Low threshold (logic state 0) 0.0V < VIL < 0.55V
1

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3.5 Easy setup
The "Easy Setup" may be used to set up the feedback of the DRO and to
verify that the installation is correct and no feedback pulses are missed.
It sets up the encoder resolution and the kind of reference marks being used
as well as the positive counting (reading) direction.
3.5.1 Accessing the "Easy Setup" mode
Press [CLEAR] [OFF]
And, instead of entering the parameters accessing code, key in: 555
The axes displays will show “Setup” meaning that the feedback is not set up
yet.
3.5.2 Operating mode.
• Move the axis to the origin or zero point and press the axis key.
The display shows “START”.
• Move the axis in the positive direction all the way to the end of the travel so
the DRO can read as many reference marks as possible.
• Press [ENTER] to finish. The moving direction used will be assumed as the
positive direction.
Feedback connection. Connectors X1, X2 and X3
Pin Signal Function
1A
Input for feedback signals
2/A
3B
4/B
5I0
6 /I0
7Alarm
8/Alarm*
9 +5V Power supply to feedback devices
10 Not connected
11 0V Power supply to feedback devices
12, 13, 14 Not connected
15 Chassis Shield
CODE: 555

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The axis status will then switch to one of the following:
Ready Correct feedback setup
Repeat Wrong feedback setup, the process should be repeated.
Error Error in the feedback system.
Note: If the feedback device is a steel tape type linear encoder, press [F] before
pressing [ENTER] so it is properly detected.
3.5.3 Power and machine connection
Always mount it vertically so its keyboard is within operator's reach and its
digits are easily visible (at operator's eye level).
Do not connect or disconnect the DRO connectors while it is under power.
Connect all metallic parts to a common point on the machine tool and it to the
general ground point. Use cables of enough gage (no thinner than 8 mm 2 )
for this connection.
3.6 Installation parameters
These DROs have a number of installation parameters to configure it for a
particular application.
The way these parameters are displayed depends on whether they are
general or particular for each axis.
• If it affects the axes, the parameter number (PAR??) appears on each axis
display and the corresponding axis key must be pressed to modify it.
• If it is a general parameter, the X display will show the parameter number
and the Z its current value; if there is only one axis, its number will appear
on the X display and, after pressing , its value.
There are several kinds of parameters depending on how to set them:
• With binary values, it only takes values of 0 or 1 for each digit. The value is
changed by pressing the key with the relevant digit between [1] and [8].
Where [1] corresponds to the rightmost digit of the display and [8] to the
leftmost digit.
• Numeric values, usually with the corresponding axis resolution, they are
entered as regular coordinate preset.
• Options; the value is changed by pressing this key which will make the
various options appear in a cyclic way.
to

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To get into parameter editing
The dro displays must be on, reading mode and press the following keys:
The X axis display shows the word " COdE ". 060496
The displays of the DRO show PAR00.
Once in regular display mode, parameter PAR05 (scaling factor) may also
be recalled by pressing this keystroke sequence, so the work mode may be
changed without having to go through all the previous steps.
Note: Like PAR05, parameter PAR53 is directly accessible.
To enter a parameter
• Select axis.
• Press this key to save the displayed value.
• Press this key to cancel the modification.
Move through parameters
Press the [ENTER] key to go on to the next parameter or ---
Press this key to return to the previous one.
To quit the parameter editing mode:
Press this key.
To go to a particular parameter:
To go directly to a particular parameter without going through the previous
ones, (once in parameter editing mode) press this key sequence.
Then, select the axis affecting this parameter.
To recover the factory set default values for the installation parameters:
Once in parameter editing mode, displaying PAR00 on all the displays,
press this keystroke sequence. The dots of the first axis will light up.
CODE: 060496
[Value]
PAR Nr