FAHM ULM84 Series User manual

Ultrasonic Level Transmitter
ULM84 Series User Manual Dec.2020
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FAHM Co.
Industrial Automation
Doc. ULM84 Rev.99-12
Ultrasonic Level Transmitter ULM84 User Manual

Ultrasonic Level Transmitter
ULM84 Series User Manual Dec.2020
Page 2 of 21
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FAHM Co.
Industrial Automation
Doc. ULM84 Rev.99-12
1. Introduction
Ultrasonic Level Transmitter ULM84 is designed to measure the level of pasty, solid particles and liquids
in a tank in a non-invasive/non-contact measurement manner.
2. Technical Specifications
You can find the technical specification in following table.
Table 1- Transmitter Technical Specifications
0 to 5, 10, 15 and 20 m
Measuring Range
General Features
35, 50, 60 and 80 Cm for above Ranges Respectively
Dead Band
+/-0.25% of Full Scale
Accuracy
±1 mm
Resolution
14-36 VDC
Power Supply
Input
4–20 mA
Output Current
Output
HART
Protocol
M20x1.5
Electrical
Connection
G1.5", G2", G3", Flange
Process Connection
Plastic, Aluminum
Housing
Materials
Polyurethane, ETFE, PTFE
Sensor Head Materials
-20~85 °C, IP68
Ambient Temperature
Environmental Conditions
-40~100 °C
Process Temperature
Process Conditions
-0.8~2.0 bar
Process Pressure
3. Installation
Figure 1- Transmitter’s installation place
Please pay attention to following consideration in the installation procedure.
1- Choose the mounting place so the tank contents never reaches dead band of the transmitter, so
the distance between lowest end of the probe and the liquid surface should be never less than
these recommended values:
Table 2- Minimum distance between lowest end of probe and liquid surface
20
15
10
05
Measuring Range (m)
80
60
50
35
Minimum distance between lowest
end of probe and liquid surface (cm)

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2- To retrieve the best wave response, the angle between the probe and the level should be right
angle.
3- There should be no bubble on the liquid level.
4- Never install more than one transmitter in a tank to prevent wave interference.
5- In vault roofed tanks, don’t install the probe onto the center of the vault.
6- Regarding the angle of transmitted waves and the height of the tank, the installation place
should be at least 30cm to 1m far from the tank wall.
7- There should not be any obstacle like thick wall, stairs, and pipe and ... in the path of transmitted
and retrieved ultrasonic wave.
8- The transmitter should be kept far from direct sun light and preferably rain.
For example in Figure 1 tank with vault/dome-shaped floor, the transmitter shouldn’t be installed on the
right part (according to rule #7) or at the center (rule #5); it should be installed on left part with a suitable
distance from the wall (rule #6) and from the liquid level (rule #1). Finally regarding tank conditions and
choosing the correct installation location, the transmitter is mounted using bracket, flange or thread nut.
Figure 3- Mounting methods
4. Wiring
There are two possible ways to do the wiring. If the goal is to read the transmitter’s current or to apply it
to the current input card, the wiring should be done according to figure 3.but if the goal is to connect to
the device through HART protocol, the wiring should be done as illustrated in figure 4.
Figure 3- Wiring diagram to read the transmitter’s current
Figure 4- Wiring diagram to enable HART connection
5. Transmitter Startup
When the supply voltage applied, the device displays the name of the manufacturer, transmitter model and
FAHM Co. Instruments
Model ULM84
S/N: 14BE1005
Searching …
Figure 5- Start-up screen
Bracket Mounting
Flange Mounting
Thread Nut Mounting
Hole Diameter
65~75 mm
mA
Ammeter Digital PLC
DC24V
Shield Layer Earthed
RVVP2x0.5 Cable
Instrument
Precision
Resistance 250 Ù
DC24V
Shield Layer Earthed
RVVP2x0.5 Cable
Instrument
HART
250 Ω

Ultrasonic Level Transmitter
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serial number on startup and starts to search the level at the same time. Next, while still keeping the
searching operation on, it displays the HART identification number (default to 00) and in case the search
succeeded, calibration operation follows.
FAHM Co. Instruments
Model ULM84
MID: 00
Calibrating …
Figure 6- Second screen on start-up
The intention of calibration is to detect and adjust the best power and frequency of the sent wave after it
initially detected the level. After these stages, if no problems detected, the screen display the status as
illustrated in the following figure, according to pre-selected display mode.
x
R0000
D08
S0
METER
4.714
Level:
METER
5.286
Dist:
11.542 mA
Figure 7- One display mode in normal situations
If the device fails to identify the level correctly, following screen would be displayed.
x
R0000
D08
S0
Error NAN
Level:
Error NAN
Dist:
00.000 mA
Searching …
Figure 8- Error NAN display mode
The following reasons may also cause to display one of errors in Figure 9.
a. If the time passed the last level detection by the transmitter is more than Alarm Time
1
and the
transmitter couldn’t detect the level anymore, the left screen of Figure 9 would be displayed.
b. If because of defect in the sensor itself or its connecting cable, the transmitter failed to reach the
sensor in specified Alarm Time, the middle screen of Figure 9 would be displayed.
c. If the level distance to transmitter gets shorter of defined Safety Distance
2
and the Alarm Time is
passed, the right screen of Figure 9 would be displayed.
Note: in any of mentioned cases, the transmitter alerts the alarm as configured by P41 (Alarm Output)
parameter, in addition to displaying the screens.
Error
Safety Range!
Error
Sensor Board!
Error
No Echo!
Figure9- Error Screens of No Echo (left), Sensor Board (middle) and Safety Range (right)
6. Keyboard
Figure 10 displays the transmitter’s keyboard alongside with the display. More explanations follows.
1
P42 Alarm Time: Which defines after how long after of occurring alarm conditions the transmitter should alarm.
2
P48 Safety Dist.: Which defines valid distance between the liquid level and the transmitter’s probe.

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Figure 10- Transmitter’s keyboard and display
 ENT Key
It is used to confirm a setting or to open the settings of any menu; so if we be in setting the value of a
parameter mode, the value would be saved and the setting mode would be exited.
The difference between to mode is identified by showing >> symbol, as shown in Figure 11.
---- Basic Menu ---
P01 Device Mode
Level
---- Basic Menu ---
P01 Device Mode
>> Level
16.342 mA
16.342 mA
77.14%
77.14%
Figure 11- Menu in setting mode (left) and navigation mode (right)
The other use of this key is to display Menu Access Privilege page, which is activated by pressing this ENT
key in normal working mode of the device. After entering the correct password if Menu Access Privilege,
settings section would be displayed.
Up Key
In lists, this key will take us to previous screens and when changing parameters, this key is used to change
the numbers, signs or choices of the parameter.
And finally when calibrating the 20 mA current output (P02 (20 mA Setup)), you can press the key for 2 to
10 seconds, to accept just detected level as the reference for 20 mA current output. Please note that if you
hold the key for less than 2 seconds or more than 10 seconds, the device ignores it.
Down Key
In lists, this key will take us to next screens and when changing parameters, this key is used to change the
numbers, signs or choices of the parameter. If the parameter belongs to multi digit numbers, the key takes
us to next significant digit.
And finally when calibrating the 4 mA current output (P49 (4 mA Setup)), you can press the key for 2 to 10
seconds, to accept just detected level as the reference for 4 mA current output. Please note that if you hold
the key for less than 2 seconds or more than 10 seconds, the device ignores it.
Esc Key
To exit any page without saving the changes of parameters, use this key.
If the devices is in normal display mode, the key opens the adjusting display brightness screen; then we can
use up and down keys to adjust the brightness and then saving the chosen brightness by pressing ENT key.

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7. Measurement Modes
The device lets the user choose which quantity to measure; i.e. the user can choose to measure Level,
Distance, Volume or the Mass.
Level Mode
In this case, the output current value of the transmitter would be proportional to the liquid level.
Distance Mode
In this case, the output current value of the transmitter would be proportional to the distance; in other
words, if for a level, the output current value in Level Mode be A and in Distance Mode be B, the value of
A and B would satisfy the equation A+B=20 mA.

Volume Mode
In this case, the output current value of the transmitter would be proportional to the volume. The user has
also the option of following two methods to choose to calculate the volume.
a- The volume is calculated based on the level, it makes sense when the shape of the tank is symmetrical.
b- The user provides a lookup table of level-volume pairs (max 10 entries) and the volume is calculated
using this lookup table.
Mass Mode
In this case, the output current value of the transmitter would be proportional to the mass. The user has
also the option of following two methods to choose to calculate the mass.
a- The volume is calculated based on the level and the mass calculated based on the volume, given that
the user has provided the density. This method makes sense when the shape of the tank is symmetrical.
b- The user provides a lookup table of level-volume pairs (max 10 entries) and the volume is calculated
using this lookup table, then the mass is calculated based on the volume and provided density.
8. Display Modes
The devices provides users with different modes to display measured results, current output, … that
follows; please note that the chosen display mode has no effect on the current output and the current
output is only determined by settings done in previous section.
Level / Other Variables Display Mode
In this mode, the liquid level is displayed alongside with one optional variable; the value of transmitter’s
current output is also displayed and the percent of current output in both numeric and graphical
presentations are available.
In this modes, in addition to the level, the user can choose between distance, volume, mass, temperature
or any custom variable (CV) to be displayed.
x
R0010
D10
S0
METER
7.714
Level:
METER
2.286
Dist.:
16.342 mA
77.14%
Figure 12- Level/Distance display mode
This mode is illustrated in the above figure by displaying Level/Distance and in the following figure by
displaying Level/Volume.
x
R0010
D10
S0
METER
7.714
Level:
Liter
6241.22
Vol.:
16.342 mA
77.14%
Figure 13- Level/Volume display mode

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As displayed below, a display of Custom variable/ Temperature is possible.
x
R0010
D10
S0
77.14%
CV:
18.12 °C
Temp:
16.342 mA
77.14%
Figure 14- Custom Value/Temperature display mode
The definition of Custom variable (CV) is only possible through HART protocol connection to the device
and there is no way to define them using the keys on the device.
Single Selected Variable Display Mode
In this mode only one variable of Level, Distance, Mass or Custom variable is displayed; and like other
screens the value of transmitter’s current output is also displayed and the percent of current output in both
numeric and graphical presentations are available. The user has also the option to use this percent value
as the main value to be displayed.
Echo Curve Display Mode
In this mode, all received waves by the device in a defined time range are displayed; also by drawing the
Threshold Level line, the user can see the waves that are identified as target levels.
In addition to the curve, there are Noise to Signal Ratio/Gain, Temperature, Power Percent/Number of
Pulses, Dead Band size. Distance to the Liquid and Liquid Level parameters, from top-Right to bottom-Left
accordingly.
N/G:1/2
T:18.3
P/B:72/7
5.63m
1.653 m
0.50m
Figure 15- Echo Curve display mode
Echo Wave Display Mode
In this mode, just the waves that are identified as target levels are displayed. In addition to the curve, there
are Noise to Signal Ratio/Gain, Temperature, Power Percent/Number of Pulses, Dead Band size. Distance
to the Liquid and Liquid Level parameters, from top-Right to bottom-Left accordingly.
N/G:1/2
T:18.3
P/B:72/7
5.63m
1.653 m
0.50m
Figure 16- Echo Wave display mode
In above screens, in addition to mentioned items, following parameters are also displayed, which are
listed in Table 3.

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Table 3- description of displayed statements above the screen
Parameter
Symbol
Description
Speed of
Liquid Level
Changes
S0
The Speed is high (near 8 meters per
minute)
S1
The Speed is normal (near 1 meters per
minute)
S2
The Speed is low (near 0.4 meters
per minute)
S3
The Speed is very low (near 0.2 meters
per minute)
Damping
Time
Damping Time is seconds (for example D05 means the Damping Time is 5 seconds; The
default Damping Time is 10 seconds).
Relays’ State
R
A value of 1 is presented when any of the HH, H, L or LL is active, from left to right
accordingly. A value of 0 means it is inactive (for example R0001 means only the LL relay is
active and the others are inactive).
Wave State
X
The Transmitter is transmitting Ultrasonic Waves.
Blank
The Transmitter is receiving Ultrasonic Waves.
Noise
N
With a value of 1 to 100, the Noise to Signal Ration is displayed in percent mode.
Gain
G
With a value of 1 to 3 displayed which Gain value is chosen to amplify received signal. (For
example a value of 1 means a Gain of 46..78 dB)
Temperature
T
Ambient/Environmental Temperature in °C
Power
P
With a value of 1 to 100, the Percent Power of Transmitted Signals is displayed.
Number of
Pulses
B
Number of Transmitted Signal Pulses by the device.

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9. Settings Menu
----Display Setting----
P53 LCD Brightness
>> 61
ESC/ ENT


ESC
Level: 8.313 m
Distance: 1.687 m
ENT


ESC
Password
00101

Password
00000

Password
01000
ESC
ESC
ENT


ENT
P40
(Damping Time)
P01 (Device Mode)
P24 (Alarm Buffer)
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P99 (Reset Factory)
P41 (Alarm Output)
P02 (20 mA Setup)
P23
(Alarm Limit LO-LO)
▼


▲
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P62 (Sim. Reset)
P42 (Alarm Time)
P03 (Display Mode)
P22
(Alarm Limit LO)
▼


▲
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P61 (Sim. Level)
P43 (Threshold)
P04 (Probe Height)
P21
(Alarm Limit HI)
▼


▲
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P60 (Sim. Current)
P44 (Output Power)
P05 (Change Rate)
P20
(Alarm Limit HI-HI)
▼


▲
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P52 (Comm. ID)
P45 (Burst Number)
P06 (Dead band)
P15
(Length/Vol. Table)
▼


▲
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P51 (Altitude)
P46 (Gain Range)
P07 (Length Unit)
P14 (Tank Volume)
▼


▲
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P50 (Safety Dist)
P47 (Center
Frequency)
P08 (Volume Unit)
P13 (Tank Height)
▼


▲
▼
▲


▼
▲


▼
▼


▲
P49 (4 mA Setup)

P48 (Sound Speed)
P09 (Mass Unit)
P12
(Volume Calc. Mode)

▲
▲


▼
▲
▼


▲
P10 (Density Un.it)

P11 (Density)

▼
Figure 17- ULM84 settings in a glance

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Table 4- ULM84 settings in a glance
Settings Type
Description
Parameter’s No & Name
Basic MenuPass: 01000
Choose Measurement Variable between Level, Distance, Volume and
Mass
P01 (Device Mode)
Define Maximum Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current
Output of 20 mA
P02 (20 mA Setup)
Choose Display Mode between Level, Graph, Wave, …
P03 (Display Mode)
Define Distance between Transmitter’s Probe to the Reference Point
P04 (Probe Height)
Choose the Speed of Liquid Level between Fast, Normal, Slow and
Very Slow
P05 (Change Rate)
Define Dead Band of Transmitter as Default or based on Possible
Obstacles
P06 (Dead band)
Define Length Unit
P07 (Length Unit)
Define Volume Unit
P08 (Volume Unit)
Define Mass Unit
P09 (Mass Unit)
Define Density Unit
P10 (Density Unit)
Define Density Value
P11 (Density)
Define how the Volume is calculated based on the Level
P12 (Volume Calc. Mode)
Define a Sample Level for the Tank (Relevant to the defined Volume
in next menu)
P13 (Tank Height)
Define a Volume Level for the Tank (Relevant to the defined Level in
previous menu)
P14 (Tank Volume)
Define entries of the Lookup Table
P15 (Length/Volume Table)
Define Liquid Level Value to activate High-High Alarm
P20 (Alarm Limit HI-HI)
Define Liquid Level Value to activate High Alarm
P21 (Alarm Limit HI)
Define Liquid Level Value to activate Low Alarm
P22 (Alarm Limit LO)
Define Liquid Level Value to activate Low-Low Alarm
P23 (Alarm Limit LO-LO)
Define how long the Outputs should stay Active after the Level
returns to Normal Area
P24 (Alarm Buffer)
Advanced
Menu
Pass: 00101
Define Damping Time
P40 (Damping Time)
Choose Alarm State from High, Low or Keep Last Acceptable Output
P41 (Alarm Output)
Define Alarm Time
P42 (Alarm Time)
Define Threshold as Automatic or as Percent value.
P43 (Threshold)
Define Output Power as Automatic or as Percent value.
P44 (Output Power)
Define number of Transmitted Pulses (Burst) as Automatic or as
Numeric value.
P45 (Burst Number)
Define Gain Range of Bounced Wave from Liquid Level to make it
detectable by the Device
P46 (Gain Range)
Define the Frequency of Transmitted Waves according to the used
Sensor
P47 (Center Frequency)
Define the Speed of the Sound in current Temperature
P48 (Sound Speed)
Define Minimum Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current
Output of 4 mA
P49 (4 mA Setup)
Define valid distance between the Liquid Level and the Transmitter’s
Probe
P50 (Safety Dist)
Altitude for the sea
P51 (Altitude)
Define Device Address for use in HART protocol
P52 (Comm ID)
To Test the accuracy of the Transmitter’s Output Current
P60 (Sim. Current)
To test the accuracy of the Transmitter’s Current Output according to
different levels
P61 (Sim. Level)
Exit the Current or Level Simulation Mode and return to the Normal
Mode
P62 (Sim. Reset)
Return to factory values
P99 (Reset Factory)

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10.Basic Menu (Password: 01000)
In the previous section, a list of basic and advanced transmitter settings was seen; in this section, the basic
settings will be explained in more detail and with details about each of the menus.
To enter this menu, after pressing the ENT key, the Password page will open with the default password
"00000". By changing this number to "01000" and pressing the ENT key, we will enter the initial settings of
the transmitter.
Define Measurement Variable (P01 Device Mode)
Surface, distance, volume and mass quantities can be selected in this menu. Each of the variables listed
in this section will change the output current in proportion to their changes.
Define Max. Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current Output of 20 mA (P02 20 mA Setup)
To determine the maximum liquid level at which the transmitter generates 20 mA current at the output
and other levels, a point must first be considered as a reference level; Normally, the reference level is the
same as the minimum liquid level that is proportional to the 4 mA output current, so that calculations of
other levels are easier.
However, the user can select any other level as a reference level, depending on the circumstances and at
will; After determining the reference level, it must be determined how much higher or lower than the
reference level is the maximum expected level for the liquid at which the transmitter has a current output
of 20 mA; If it is higher, the value of the distance should be positive and if it is lower, this value should be
entered with a negative number in this setting.
Figure 18 - Determining the level parameters of a sample tank
For example, in the figure above, because the point that is considered as the maximum point of the liquid
level, is L unit above the reference level (tank floor), the parameter "P02 20mA Setup" must be set to + L.
Define Display Mode (P03 Display Mode)
Level-distance, wave curve, echo and several other display modes are provided by the equipment; by
selecting any of the display modes, the information will be shown in that mode and will remain in the same
mode until the display mode is reset.
One of the options that the equipment provides to the user is to select a custom variable to display that
the user can use a HART modem to specify the name, up and down range and the unit of quantity, which
in this case is appropriate to liquid level changes, changes to that variable will be displayed.
Probe Surface
Max. Liquid Level
Zero Point
Min. Liquid Level
L

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Define Distance between Transmitter’s Probe to the Reference Point (P04 Probe Height)
In order to calibrate the equipment, in addition to the reference level (with which other surfaces are
measured), the end level of the probe and the maximum and minimum levels must be determined.
Determining the end level of the transmitter probe is part of the equipment calibration process after
installation, which is determined as follows:
Distance of the transmitter
to the current level of the
liquid (read with the
transmitter)
+
Current liquid level from reference
point (measured with other meters)
=
Transmitter probe
level to reference
point
In the twelfth section, the installation level of the transmitter probe and the maximum and minimum levels
for the two tank samples are determined; therefore, for better familiarity with how to set these
parameters, refer to it.
Change Rate of Liquid Level (P05 Change Rate)
According to the table below, the speed of liquid level changes is defined for the transmitter through this
menu. This choice provides the equipment with the knowledge that it is ready to identify how much change
in the liquid level and thus be able to differ liquid and potential obstacles.
Table 5 - Shows the user-selected rate of change of the liquid level in the upper left corner of the screen
Selected speed
Symbol
Equivalent Speed
Fast
S0
The Speed is high (near 8 meters per minute)
Normal
S1
The Speed is normal (near 1 meters per minute)
Slow
S2
The Speed is low (near 0.4 meters per minute)
Slowest
S3
The Speed is very low (near 0.2 meters per minute)
Define Dead Band (P06 Dead band)
Due to the nature of the ultrasonic sensor, at very close distances, the equipment will not be able to
separate the transmitted and return waves; therefore, it cannot correctly identify the correct level at these
distances, which is called the dead band.
Table 6 –Dead Band
20
15
10
05
Working range (meter)
80
60
50
35
Dead band (cm)
If no obstacle exists in the path of transmitter waves, this parameter will remain the same by default based
on the equipment range; But if there is an obstacle between the fluid surface and the transmitter (in the
wave path), this distance must be specified in this setting so that the transmitter ignores that obstacle.
Figure 19 - Define Dead Band in a sample tank

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For example, in Figure 19 there is an obstacle whose distance to the bottom of the transmitter probe is L₁;
therefore, the "P06 Dead Band" parameter must be set to L₁ or slightly more; thus, the equipment will
ignore the above obstacle.
It is important to note that if the distance from the barrier to the equipment is less than its default dead
band, the transmitter may not have the correct measurement.
Define Length Measurement Unit (P07 Length Unit)
Depending on the need, the user can select the desired unit of length.
Define Volume Measurement Unit (P08 Volume Unit)
Depending on the need, the user can select the desired volume unit; this menu will be activated if in the
"P01 Device Mode" menu the quantity Mass or Volume are selected to be measured.
Define Mass Measurement Unit (P09 Mass Unit)
Depending on the need, the user can select the desired unit of mass; this menu will be activated if in the
"P01 Device Mode" menu the quantity Mass is selected to be measured.
Define Density Measurement Unit (P10 Density Unit)
Depending on the need, the user can select the desired unit of density; this menu will be activated if in
the "P01 Device Mode" menu the quantity Mass is selected to be measured.
Define Density Value (P11 Density)
This menu will be activated if in the "P01 Device Mode" menu the quantity Mass is selected to be
measured; In this case, the user defines the Density value here.
Define Volume Calculation Mode based on Level (P12 Volume Calc. Mode)
This menu will be activated if the quantity to be measured in Volume or Mass is selected, and in this case,
depending on the physical condition of the tank and the user's opinion, here you can define how to
calculate the volume by the liquid level.
In this menu, two methods can be selected to calculate the volume by level; If the direct calculation method
is selected, the user must specify the height and volume of the tank for a desired situation as an example
in menus 13 and 14, respectively; In this way, a constant coefficient between volume and surface will be
determined, which is sufficient to calculate the volume at any moment. The level detected by the
equipment is multiplied by this value to determine and display the corresponding volume.
But in the second method, for reasons such as the asymmetry of the shape of the tank, the user prefers to
determine the volume of the liquid based on the detected level according to the lookup table (which is also
provided by the user); If you select this method, menu number 15 is activated, which is described below.
Define Sample Level (P13 Tank Height)
If in the previous menu, the direct method of calculating the volume by level is selected, this menu and
menu 14 are activated, in which case the user must provide a pair of desired level and volume as an
example; apply the level value in this menu and the volume value in the next menu.
Define Sample Volume (P14 Tank Volume)
If in menu 12, the direct method of calculating the volume by level is selected, this menu and menu 13 are
activated, in which case the user must provide a pair of desired level and volume as an example; Apply the
level value in menu 13 and the volume value in this menu.

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Define Level Lookup Table Values (P15 Length/ Volume Table)
This menu is activated if in menu #12 the method of volume calculation by level based on a lookup table is
selected.
In this case, the user must apply a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 10 level / volume pairs to the
equipment, depending on his knowledge of the tank. How many level / volume pairs the user allocates to
complete the lookup table depends on their recognition and knowledge of the tank, but it is important to
apply the values in this table as follows:
1- Enter the settings of this menu and enter the corresponding level and volume values as the first data.
2- After confirming the values of the first level/ volume pair, enter the level value and the corresponding
volume as the second data.
3- After confirming the above values and also up to a maximum of 10 pairs, if the user wants to continue
to complete the table, which is similar to the first two steps, apply the values in each step and by
confirming the settings, enter another pair to receive information. For example, suppose the user has
applied 6 level / volume pairs to the equipment; Then - when you go to the next menu, you will see that
the display shows the following screen:
---- Basic Menu ---
P15L7> -1.0000 METER
P15V7> -1.0000 METER3
16.342 mA
77.14%
Figure 20 - Adjusting the values of the seventh level / volume pair
At this point, if the user wants to provide information on the seventh level / volume pair, does it the same
as before; But if he concludes that it is not necessary to continue the process of completing the table, it is
required to simply keep thenewly created pair (for example, theseventh pair here) in the same state (-1, -1);
In this way, the equipment will know that it must do the work of determining the volume of liquid in the
tank according to the previous data (here 6 pairs).
Define Liquid Level to Activate High-High Alarm (P20 Alarm Limit HI-HI)
The user can set a value commensurate with the level at which he expects this alarm to work; If the fluid
level exceeds the above level, this alarm will work; To return it to normal, the fluid level must be less than
the value set in the "P16 Alarm Buffer" menu.Also, by opening the back cover of the equipment, the user
can see the terminals of this alarm as shown in Figure 21.
Define Liquid Level to Activate High Alarm (P21 Alarm Limit HI)
The user can set a value commensurate with the level at which he expects this alarm to work; If the fluid
level exceeds the above level, this alarm will work; To return it to normal, the fluid level must be less than
the value set in the "P16 Relay Buffer" menu.
By opening the back cover of the equipment, according to Figure 21, the terminals of this alarm can be
seen.
Define Liquid Level to Activate Low Alarm (P22 Alarm Limit LO)
The user can set a value commensurate with the level at which he expects this alarm to work; If the fluid
level is lower than the above level, this alarm will work; To return it to normal, the fluid level must be higher
than the value set in the "P16 Relay Buffer" menu.
Also, by opening the back cover of the equipment, the user can see the terminals of this alarm as shown in
Figure 21.

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Figure 21- Device Terminal, as seen as the back cover is opened
Define Liquid Level to Activate Low-Low Alarm (P23 Alarm Limit LO-LO)
The user can set a value commensurate with the level at which he expects this alarm to work; If the fluid
level is lower than the above level, this alarm will work; To return it to normal, the fluid level must be higher
than the value set in the "P16 Relay Buffer" menu.
Also, by opening the back cover of the equipment, the user can see the terminals of this alarm as shown in
Figure 21.
Determine the buffer level relative to the excitation state to return the alarm to normal (P24
Alarm Buffer)
To prevent the alarms from activating and normalizing continuously, this value is adjusted so that the
condition for the High and High-High alarms to return to normal is that the fluid level is lower than the value
set in this menu than the level set for activating the alarms; and the condition for the Low and Low-Low
alarms to return to normal is that the fluid level is higher than the value set in this menu than the level set for
activating the alarms.
11. Transmitter’s Advanced Settings (Password: 00101)
In this section, the advanced settings of the transmitter will be fully described. To enter the advanced
settings of the transmitter after pressing the ENT key, the Password page will open with the default
password "00000". By changing this number to "00101" and pressing the ENT key, we will enter the
advanced settings of the transmitter.
Define Damping Time of the Transmitter (P40 Damping Time)
Low damping time increases the sensitivity of the transmitter and reflects the smallest changes in input at
the output current as well as the displayed level; Conversely, if this large value is selected, the value
displayed on the display and the output of the current will be more stable and will fluctuate less. By default,
this value is set to 10 seconds.
Define Alarm State (P41 Alarm Output)
There are three ways to alert the alarm; these choices and the performance of each are listed in the table
below.
Table 7 - The three alarm states and their operation
Selected State
Function
High
When the alarm is activated, the output current of the transmitter will be 21.75 mA
Low
When the alarm is activated, the output current of the transmitter will be 3.75 mA
Last
When the alarm is activated, the output shows the last valid value

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The errors in Figure 22 due to the following factors may be shown on the display. In the event of these errors, in
addition to the displays shown in Figure 22, the alarm will be announced by the transmitter according to the user's
selection based on the table above.
a- If after the last level or distance detected by the transmitter, the Alarm Time (P42 (Alarm Time)) has
passed and the transmitter is no longer able to detect the level, the image to the left of Figure 22 will be
displayed.
b- If the transmitter has not been able to communicate with the sensor at the defined time for the alarm
due to the failure of the sensor itself or its interface cable, the middle image of Figure 22 will be displayed.
c- If the distance from the surface to the transmitter is less than the specified safe distance value and the
amount of defined time for alarm notification exceeds this event, the image to the right of Figure 22 will
be displayed.
Error
Safety Range!
Error
Sensor Board!
Error
No Echo!
Figure 22- The Display in different error display screens, No Echo (left), Sensor Board (middle) and Safety Range (right)
Define Alarm Time when the Alarm is enabled (P42 Alarm Time)
It is by default 30 seconds, and defines when all conditions described in previous section are met, how long
the Transmitter should wait to notify the alarm; i.e. if the alarm is not there after this duration, there would
be no notifications.
Define Threshold Value (P43 Threshold)
Any value smaller than this value in returned/received wave in the transmitter would be ignored. A big
value would decrease the transmitter’s sensitivity. The value could be either automatic or any value
between 0 to 100%.
Define Output Power (P44 Output Power)
It defines the power of transmitted wave. The value could be either automatic or any value between 0 to
100%.
Define Number of Transmitted Wave Pulses (P45 Burst Number)
The number of pulses in each transmitted signal from the device is defined by this setting. It can be either
automatic or a specific value chosen by the user.
Define Gain Range of Received Wave (P46 Gain Rang)
The transmitted Ultrasonic wave would be weaken after hitting and bouncing of the liquid level; so it should
be intensified to be recognizable again by the transmitter. You can choose between the values of 46.78 db,
52.84 db or 58.90 db to strengthen the wave.
Frequency of Sent Waves (P47 Center frequency)
According to the chosen sensor type, the working point and the bandwidth of the transmitted waves would
change, so it is important to choose relevant resonance frequency; which is defined by this parameter.
Define Ambient Sound Speed (P48 Sound Speed)
The default value is set to 331 meters per second (the speed of sound in the air in 21°C), but in case the
wave is transmitted in an environment with different speed, you can adjust this parameter. The device is
also capable of compensating the temperature to calculate the sound speed.

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Define equivalent level value of 4 mA current output according to the reference level(P49 4 mA
Setup)
After defining the reference point, adjust this parameter to specify the minimum liquid level in a way that
transmitter would output 4mA current when this level is detected. The value is defined as a negative or
positive value specifying how much the minimum level is lower or higher from the reference point
accordingly. So a lower level would be negative and a higher level would be positive. If we look at the
figure 18 as an example, the minimum level is the same as the reference level, so the parameter should
be set to zero.
Define Safety Distance (P50 Safety Dist)
The default value of this parameter is 1 meter and determines if the distance between the liquid and the
transmitter is less than that, the transmitter is ready to announce the alarm to notify the occurrence of this
event; It was explained earlier that in addition to the above condition, for the alarm to occur, the value
specified in the "P42 Alarm Time" menu must also be met. Also, if this alarm occurs, the right image of the
right of Figure 22 will appear on the display.
Define Altitude (P51 Altitude)
Determine the installation height of the equipment relative to the level of the high seas, and if the settings
related to other surface parameters (maximum and minimum level and installation height of the
equipment) are done correctly, there is no need to change this menu.
Define Device Address for HART protocol connection (P52 Comm ID)
Used to determine the equipment address between values 0 to 15 and to communicate with it through the
HART protocol; Note that if the equipment address in this setting is any non-zero number, the output
current of the transmitter will be fixed at 4 mA.
Test Transmitter Current Output Accuracy (P60 Sim. Current)
In this menu, the output current of the transmitter can be adjusted and tested for desired values.
Test the accuracy of the Transmitter’s Current Output according to the selected levels (P61
Sim. Level)
Through this menu, the desired level for the transmitter can be simulated and the corresponding output
current can be observed.
Exit Current or Level Simulation Mode back to Normal Mode (P62 Sim. Reset)
If the user uses the previous menus to test the current, this menu will be activated and by entering it, the
transmitter will be able to return to its normal operation.
Factory Reset (P99 Reset Factory)
If selected and executed, the default settings will be restored.
12. Sample (setting minimum and maximum liquid level parameters (equivalent to 4 and 20 mA current)
and transmitter level)
To get acquainted with how to set the level parameters equivalent to the minimum and maximum current
as well as the probe level of the transmitter, two tanks will be mentioned as examples.
To set up a transmitter in any tank, the user must perform the following steps:
1- Select a desired level as the reference level to determine the value and the sign of other levels based
on it.

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2- The minimum level value that the user expects, if the liquid is at that level, to have a 4 mA output
current transmitter, is determined relative to the reference level and its value is entered in the "P49
4mA Setup" menu.
3- The maximum level value that the user expects, if the liquid is at that level, to have a 20 mA output
current transmitter, is determined relative to the reference level and its value is entered in the "P02
20mA Setup" menu.
4- According to the previous description and tank conditions, other parameters can be adjusted if
necessary.
5- Install the transmitter in a suitable place and apply 24V power supply to it.
6- To determine the probe level of the transmitter in the "P04 Probe Height" menu, the user must first
know the correct amount of liquid level inside the tank (determine the level with another tool such
as a graduated ruler); Then read the distance shown by the transmitter to the liquid level and
determine the value of the probe surface parameter from the following equation:
Transmitter probe level: liquid level from reference point + distance read on display from liquid level
By determining the above parameter, the operation of starting the transmitter is completed and this
equipment will be ready for operation.
Define Level Parameters of Sample Tank #1
Figure 23- First sample tank
The 10-meter tank in Figure 23 is assumed. Assume that the level, which is equivalent to the minimum
liquid level in the tank (not the bottom of the tank, slightly above it), is considered as the reference level.
Assuming the above, since the minimum level is the same as the reference level selected, the number for
the minimum level will be zero; it is also clear that the maximum level intended by the user is 8 meters
above the reference level; therefore, the value of this level in the relevant menu should be considered +8.
To determine the level of the transmitter probe, the current level of the liquid inside the tank must first
be determined by means other than this equipment; then the transmitter should be turned on and the
distance to the liquid level should be read.
Max.Liquid Level
(20mA)
Level
7m
Min.Liquid Level
(4mA)
Tank Bottom
Tank Height
10m
Prob
Installation
Height
9m
Distance
2m
Level
Change
8m

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If the above is done correctly, the amount of liquid level according to the figure is 7 meters above the
reference level and the read number of the equipment up to the liquid level will be 2 meters; therefore,
the number +9 must be considered for the probe level of the transmitter.
With the above explanations, the tank equipment parameters of Figure 23 are set as follows.
Table 8 - Setting parameters of the first sample tank
Parameter Description
Value
Parameter No. (Name)
Maximum Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current Output of 20 mA
+8 meters
P02 (20 mA Setup)
Distance between Transmitter’s Probe to the Reference Point
+9 meters
P04 (Probe Height)
Minimum Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current Output of 4 mA
0 (Zero)
P49 (4 mA Setup)
Define Level Parameters of Sample Tank #2
In this example, a 12-meter wall can be seen that has a depth of about 9 meters underground and also its
height from the ground is more than 3 meters.
This time the surface of the earth is considered as a reference point; Also, according to the information
we have from the liquid, we know that the changes in the liquid level are in a range of 9 meters, which is
a maximum of one meter above the ground (maximum level: +1 meters) and its minimum depth will not
get less than 8 meters below the ground (minimum level: -8 meters).
Figure 24- Second sample tank
Also, the current level of the liquid determined by other means is 50 cm below the ground (so the current
level of the liquid is -0.5 m); Also, when the equipment is turned on, it will show a distance of 3.5 meters
for the transmitter probe to the liquid level; Thus the value to be considered for the probe level parameter
is the sum of these two values; that means:
-0.5 + 3.5 = 3m
=
Transmitter’s Distance to
current Liquid Level
(read on the transmitter)
+
Current Liquid Level
distance to the Reference
Point (measured using
other meters)
=
Transmitter’s
Probe
Distance to
the Reference
Point

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So for the second sample tank, level parameters should be set as follows.
Table 9- Setting parameters of second sample tank
Parameter Description
Value
Parameter No. (Name)
Maximum Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current Output of 20 mA
+1 meters
P02 (20 mA Setup)
Distance between Transmitter’s Probe to the Reference Point
+3 meters
P04 (Probe Height)
Minimum Liquid Level to Reference Point, with Current Output of 4 mA
-8 meters
P49 (4 mA Setup)
11. Troubleshooting
Problems may be encountered while using the device, which their different types and causes are described
in following sections.
Intense data fluctuation
No display, dim display, reverse display or unrecognized characters
In case of reversed display or unrecognized characters, a short circuit between input and output circuits
is possible.
Current Output failure
Obstacle exists
Change installation location
Increase the Deadbane in "P06 Dead band"
No display or dim display
Check power supply's voltage
Wrong power supply polarity
Damaged fuse by high voltage/current shock
Ambient temperature less than 20'C
(The internal circuits works in this temperature, but not the display)
Water penetration
Life run-down
Current
output
failure
21.75 or 3.75 mA
Current Output
Sensor failure or no signal reception
Liquid level is in safety distance
fixed 4mA Current Output Address is not 0 or HART connection is in progress.
Measure the Current
with an ammeter
Same results Check PLC settings
Different
results
Wrong min and max level parameters
Faulty Transmeter
Display mode is wrong and need to be changed.