ITT Goulds 3655 Manual

Installation, Operation and
Maintenance Instructions
3655

Table of Contents
1 Safety..................................................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Important Safety Notice............................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Safety warnings......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Safety ........................................................................................................................................................5
1.4 General precautions .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.5 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use..................................................................................................9
1.6 Parts ........................................................................................................................................................ 10
2 Installation........................................................................................................................................................ 11
2.1 Location................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Foundation .............................................................................................................................................. 11
2.3 Mounting pump........................................................................................................................................ 11
2.4 Piping - general ....................................................................................................................................... 11
2.5 Piping - suction........................................................................................................................................ 14
2.6 Piping - discharge.................................................................................................................................... 14
2.7 Connection of piping................................................................................................................................ 14
2.8 Check rotation .........................................................................................................................................14
3 Preparation for operation ...............................................................................................................................15
3.1 Bearings ..................................................................................................................................................15
3.2 Stuffing box .............................................................................................................................................15
3.3 Connection of sealing liquid or grease lubricator ....................................................................................15
3.4 Connection of piping to quenching gland ................................................................................................16
3.5 Mechanical seals..................................................................................................................................... 16
3.6 Connection of drain piping....................................................................................................................... 16
4 Starting Pump..................................................................................................................................................17
4.1 Priming ....................................................................................................................................................17
4.2 Adjustment of stuffing box gland .............................................................................................................17
4.3 Installation check final ............................................................................................................................17
5 Operation..........................................................................................................................................................18
5.1 Stuffing box .............................................................................................................................................18
5.2 Operating at reduced capacities.............................................................................................................. 18
5.3 Operating at reduced head...................................................................................................................... 19
5.4 Operating with surge conditions in line.................................................................................................... 19
5.5 Operating under freezing conditions .......................................................................................................19
6 Trouble check list ............................................................................................................................................20
6.1 No liquid delivered................................................................................................................................... 20
6.2 Not enough liquid delivered..................................................................................................................... 20
6.3 Not enough pressure............................................................................................................................... 20
6.4 Pump works awhile and then quits.......................................................................................................... 21
6.5 Pump takes too much power................................................................................................................... 21
6.6 Pump leaks excessively at stuffing box................................................................................................... 21
6.7 Pump is noisy .......................................................................................................................................... 21
7 Care and maintenance ....................................................................................................................................23
7.1 Lubrication............................................................................................................................................... 23
Table of Contents
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 1

7.2 Repacking stuffing box ............................................................................................................................ 23
7.3 Replacing shaft sleeve ............................................................................................................................23
7.4 Wearing rings ..........................................................................................................................................26
7.5
Replacing impeller...................................................................................................................................26
7.6 Replacing casing ..................................................................................................................................... 27
7.7 Spare parts.............................................................................................................................................. 27
7.8 Instructions for ordering repair parts .......................................................................................................28
Table of Contents
2 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Foreword
To provide industry with a line of rugged, dependable, enclosed impeller "close coupled" pumps, Goulds
developed Model 3655.
The life and satisfactory service of any mechanical unit, however, is enhanced and extended by correct
application, proper installation, periodic inspection and maintenance. This instruction book was prepared
so operators will understand the construction and the correct method for installing, operating and main-
taining these pumps.
Read thoroughly Sections 2 Installation on page 11, 3 Preparation for operation on page 15, 4 Starting
Pump on page 17, and 5 Operation on page 18 and be sure to follow the instructions for installation
and operation. Sections 6 Trouble check list on page 20 and 7 Care and maintenance on page 23 are
answers to trouble and maintenance questions. Keep this instruction book handy for reference. Kindly
direct any questions or suggestions to the attention of the Engineering Application Division, Goulds
Pumps Inc., Seneca Falls, N. Y.
Table of Contents
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 3

1 Safety
1.1 Important Safety Notice
To: Our Valued Customers:
User safety is a major focus in the design of our products. Following the precautions outlined in this man-
ual will minimize your risk of injury.
ITT Goulds pumps will provide safe, trouble-free service when properly installed, maintained, and operat-
ed.
Safe installation, operation, and maintenance of ITT Goulds Pumps equipment are an essential end user
responsibility. This Pump Safety Manual identifies specific safety risks that must be considered at all
times during product life. Understanding and adhering to these safety warnings is mandatory to ensure
personnel, property, and/or the environment will not be harmed. Adherence to these warnings alone,
however, is not sufficient — it is anticipated that the end user will also comply with industry and corporate
safety standards. Identifying and eliminating unsafe installation, operating and maintenance practices is
the responsibility of all individuals involved in the installation, operation, and maintenance of industrial
equipment.
Please take the time to review and understand the safe installation, operation, and maintenance guide-
lines outlined in this Pump Safety Manual and the Instruction, Operation, and Maintenance (IOM) man-
ual. Current manuals are available at https://www.gouldspumps.com/en-US/Tools-and-Resources/Litera-
ture/ or by contacting your nearest Goulds Pumps sales representative.
These manuals must be read and understood before installation and start-up.
For additional information, contact your nearest Goulds Pumps sales representative or visit our Web site
at https://www.gouldspumps.com
1.2 Safety warnings
Specific to pumping equipment, significant risks bear reinforcement above and beyond normal safety
precautions.
WARNING:
A pump is a pressure vessel with rotating parts that can be hazardous. Any pressure vessel
can explode, rupture, or discharge its contents if sufficiently over pressurized causing death,
personal injury, property damage, and/or damage to the environment. All necessary measures
must be taken to ensure over pressurization does not occur.
WARNING:
Operation of any pumping system with a blocked suction and discharge must be avoided in all
cases. Operation, even for a brief period under these conditions, can cause superheating of
enclosed pumpage and result in a violent explosion. All necessary measures must be taken by
the end user to ensure this condition is avoided.
WARNING:
The pump may handle hazardous and/or toxic fluids. Care must be taken to identify the con-
tents of the pump and eliminate the possibility of exposure, particularly if hazardous and/or tox-
ic. Potential hazards include, but are not limited to, high temperature, flammable, acidic, caus-
tic, explosive, and other risks.
1 Safety
4 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

WARNING:
Pumping equipment Instruction, Operation, and Maintenance manuals clearly identify accepted
methods for disassembling pumping units. These methods must be adhered to. Specifically,
applying heat to impellers and/or impeller retaining devices to aid in their removal is strictly for-
bidden. Trapped liquid can rapidly expand and result in a violent explosion and injury.
ITT Goulds Pumps will not accept responsibility for physical injury, damage, or delays caused by a failure
to observe the instructions for installation, operation, and maintenance contained in this Pump Safety
Manual or the current IOM available at http://www.gouldspumps.com/literature.
1.3 Safety
Definitions
Throughout this manual the words Warning, Caution, Electrical, and ATEX are used to indicate where
special operator attention is required.
Observe all Cautions and Warnings highlighted in the Pump Safety Manual and the IOM provided with
your equipment.
WARNING:
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Example: Pump shall never be operated without coupling guard installed correctly.
CAUTION:
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Example: Throttling flow from the suction side may cause cavitation and pump damage.
Electrical Hazard:
WARNING:
Indicates the possibility of electrical risks if directions are not followed.
Example: Lock out driver power to prevent electric shock, accidental start-up, and physical in-
jury.
ATEX:
WARNING:
When installed in potentially explosive atmospheres, the instructions that follow the Ex symbol
must be followed. Personal injury and/or equipment damage may occur if these instructions are
not followed. If there is any question regarding these requirements or if the equipment is to be
modified, please contact an ITT Goulds Pumps representative before proceeding.
Example: Improper impeller adjustment could cause contact between the rotating and station-
ary parts, resulting in a spark and heat generation.
1.3 Safety
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 5

1.4 General precautions
WARNING:
A pump is a pressure vessel with rotating parts that can be hazardous. Hazardous fluids may
be contained by the pump including high temperature, flammable, acidic, caustic, explosive,
and other risks. Operators and maintenance personnel must realize this and follow safety
measures. Personal injuries will result if procedures outlined in this manual are not followed.
ITT Goulds Pumps will not accept responsibility for physical injury, damage or delays caused
by a failure to observe the instructions in this manual and the IOM provided with your equip-
ment.
Table 1: General Precautions
WARNING NEVER APPLY HEAT TO REMOVE IMPELLER. It may explode due to trap-
ped liquid.
WARNING NEVER use heat to disassemble pump due to risk of explosion from tapped
liquid.
WARNING NEVER operate pump without coupling guard correctly installed.
WARNING NEVER run pump below recommended minimum flow when dry, or without
prime.
WARNING ALWAYS lock out power to the driver before performing pump maintenance.
WARNING NEVER operate pump without safety devices installed.
WARNING NEVER operate pump with discharge valve closed.
WARNING NEVER operate pump with suction valve closed.
WARNING DO NOT change service application without approval of an authorized ITT
Goulds Pumps representative.
WARNING Safety Apparel:
•Insulated work gloves when handling hot bearings or using bearing
heater
• Heavy work gloves when handling parts with sharp edges, especially
impellers
• Safety glasses (with side shields) for eye protection
• Steel-toed shoes for foot protection when handling parts, heavy tools,
etc.
• Other personal protective equipment to protect against hazardous/toxic
fluids
WARNING Receiving:
Assembled pumping units and their components are heavy. Failure to properly
lift and support equipment can result in serious physical injury and/or
1.4 General precautions
6 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

equipment damage. Lift equipment only at specifically identified lifting points
or as instructed in the current IOM. Current manuals are available at
www.gouldspumps.com/literature_ioms.html or from your local ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative. Note: Lifting devices (eyebolts, slings, spreaders,
etc.) must be rated, selected, and used for the entire load being lifted.
WARNING Alignment:
Shaft alignment procedures must be followed to prevent catastrophic failure of
drive components or unintended contact of rotating parts. Follow coupling
manufacturer's coupling installation and operation procedures.
WARNING Before beginning any alignment procedure, make sure driver power is locked
out. Failure to lock out driver power will result in serious physical injury.
CAUTION Piping:
Never draw piping into place by forcing at the flanged connections of the
pump. This may impose dangerous strains on the unit and cause misalign-
ment between pump and driver. Pipe strain will adversely effect the operation
of the pump resulting in physical injury and damage to the equipment.
WARNING Flanged Connections:
Use only fasteners of the proper size and material.
WARNING Replace all corroded fasteners.
WARNING Ensure all fasteners are properly tightened and there are no missing fasten-
ers.
WARNING Startup and Operation:
When installing in a potentially explosive environment, please ensure that the
motor is properly certified.
WARNING Operating pump in reverse rotation may result in contact of metal parts, heat
generation, and breach of containment.
WARNING Lock out driver power to prevent accidental start-up and physical injury.
WARNING The impeller clearance setting procedure must be followed. Improperly setting
the clearance or not following any of the proper procedures can result in
sparks, unexpected heat generation and equipment damage.
WARNING If using a cartridge mechanical seal, the centering clips must be installed and
set screws loosened prior to setting impeller clearance. Failure to do so could
result in sparks, heat generation, and mechanical seal damage.
WARNING The coupling used in an ATEX classified environment must be properly certi-
fied and must be constructed from a non-sparking material.
WARNING Never operate a pump without coupling guard properly installed. Personal in-
jury will occur if pump is run without coupling guard.
1.4 General precautions
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 7

WARNING Make sure to properly lubricate the bearings. Failure to do so may result in ex-
cess heat generation, sparks, and / or premature failure.
CAUTION The mechanical seal used in an ATEX classified environment must be proper-
ly certified. Prior to start up, ensure all points of potential leakage of process
fluid to the work environment are closed.
CAUTION Never operate the pump without liquid supplied to mechanical seal. Running a
mechanical seal dry, even for a few seconds, can cause seal damage and
must be avoided. Physical injury can occur if mechanical seal fails.
WARNING Never attempt to replace packing until the driver is properly locked out and the
coupling spacer is removed.
WARNING Dynamic seals are not allowed in an ATEX classified environment.
WARNING DO NOT operate pump below minimum rated flows or with suction and/or dis-
charge valve closed. These conditions may create an explosive hazard due to
vaporization of pumpage and can quickly lead to pump failure and physical in-
jury
WARNING Ensure pump is isolated from system and pressure is relieved before disas-
sembling pump, removing plugs, opening vent or drain valves, or disconnect-
ing piping.
WARNING Shutdown, Disassembly, and Reassembly:
Pump components can be heavy. Proper methods of lifting must be employed
to avoid physical injury and/or equipment damage. Steel toed shoes must be
worn at all times.
WARNING The pump may handle hazardous and/or toxic fluids. Observe proper decon-
tamination procedures. Proper personal protective equipment should be worn.
Precautions must be taken to prevent physical injury. Pumpage must be han-
dled and disposed of in conformance with applicable environmental regula-
tions.
WARNING Operator must be aware of pumpage and safety precautions to prevent physi-
cal injury.
WARNING Lock out driver power to prevent accidental startup and physical injury.
CAUTION Allow all system and pump components to cool before handling them to pre-
vent physical injury.
CAUTION If pump is a Model NM3171, NM3196, 3198, 3298, V3298, SP3298, 4150,
4550, or 3107, there may be a risk of static electric discharge from plastic
parts that are not properly grounded. If pumped fluid is non-conductive, pump
should be drained and flushed with a conductive fluid under conditions that
will not allow for a spark to be released to the atmosphere.
WARNING Never apply heat to remove an impeller. The use of heat may cause an explo-
sion due to trapped fluid, resulting in severe physical injury and property dam-
age.
CAUTION Wear heavy work gloves when handling impellers as sharp edges may cause
physical injury.
CAUTION Wear insulated gloves when using a bearing heater. Bearings will get hot and
can cause physical injury.
1.4 General precautions
8 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

WARNING Noise:
Sound pressure levels may exceed 80 dbA in operating process plants. Clear
visual warnings or other indicators should be available to those entering an
area with unsafe noise levels. Personnel should wear appropriate hearing pro-
tection when working on or around any equipment, including pumps. Consider
limiting personnel’s exposure time to noise or, where possible, enclosing
equipment to reduce noise. Local law may provide specific guidance regard-
ing exposure of personnel to noise and when noise exposure reduction is re-
quired.
WARNING Temperature:
Equipment and piping surfaces may exceed 130ºF (54ºC) in operating proc-
ess plants. Clear visual warnings or other indicators should alert personnel to
surfaces that may reach a potentially unsafe temperature. Do not touch hot
surfaces. Allow pumps operating at a high temperature to cool sufficiently be-
fore performing maintenance. If touching a hot surface cannot be avoided,
personnel should wear appropriate gloves, clothing, and other protective gear
as necessary. Local law may provide specific guidance regarding exposure of
personnel to unsafe temperatures.
1.5 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
Special care must be taken in potentially explosive environments to ensure that the equipment is proper-
ly maintained. This includes but is not limited to:
Description of ATEX
The ATEX directives are a specification enforced in Europe for electrical and non-electrical equipment
installed in Europe. ATEX deals with the control of potentially explosive atmospheres and the standards
of equipment and protective systems used within these atmospheres. The relevance of the ATEX re-
quirements is not limited to Europe. You can apply these guidelines to equipment installed in any poten-
tially explosive atmosphere.
Guidelines for compliance
Compliance is fulfilled only when you operate the unit within its intended use. Do not change the condi-
tions of the service without the approval of an ITT representative. When you install or maintain explosion
proof products, always comply with the directive and applicable standards (for example, IEC/EN
60079-14).
1. Monitoring the and liquid end temperature.
2. Maintaining proper bearing lubrication.
3. Ensuring that the pump is operated in the intended hydraulic range.
The ATEX conformance is only applicable when the pump unit is operated within its intended use. Oper-
ating, installing or maintaining the pump unit in any way that is not covered in the Instruction, Operation,
and Maintenance manual (IOM) can cause serious personal injury or damage to the equipment. This in-
cludes any modification to the equipment or use of parts not provided by ITT Goulds Pumps. If there is
any question regarding the intended use of the equipment, please contact an ITT Goulds representative
before proceeding.
Current IOMs are available at https://www.gouldspumps.com/en-US/Tools-and-Resources/Literature/
IOMs/ or from your local ITT Goulds Pumps Sales representative.
1.5 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 9

All pumping unit (pump, seal, coupling, motor and pump accessories) certified for use in an ATEX classi-
fied environment, are identified by an ATEX tag secured to the pump or the on which it is mounted. A
typical tag would look like this:
Figure 1: Typical ATEX pump nameplate
Table 2: Temperature class definitions
Code Maximum permissible
pumpage temperature in °C | °F
Minimum permissible pumpage temperature in °C | °F
T1 450 | 842 372 | 700
T2 300 | 572 277 | 530
T3 200 | 392 177 | 350
T4 135 | 275 113 | 235
T5 100 | 212 Option not available
T6 85 | 185 Option not available
The code classification marked on the equipment must be in accordance with the specified area where
the equipment will be installed. If it is not, do not operate the equipment and contact your ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative before proceeding.
The CE and the Ex designate the ATEX compliance. The code below reads as follows:
II - Group – Non Mining Equipment
2 = Category 2
G/D = Gas and Dust present
T4 = Temperature class, can be T1 to T6 (see Table)
The code classification marked on the equipment must be in accordance with the specified area where
the equipment will be installed. If it is not, do not operate the equipment and contact your ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative before proceeding.
1.6 Parts
The use of genuine Goulds parts will provide the safest and most
reliable operation of your pump. ITT Goulds Pumps ISO certifica-
tion and quality control procedures ensure the parts are manufac-
tured to the highest quality and safety levels.
Please contact your local Goulds representative for details on
genuine Goulds parts.
1.6 Parts
10 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

2 Installation
2.1 Location
Pumping unit should be placed as close as practical to the source of supply. Head room and floor space
allotted to the pump should be sufficient for inspection and maintenance.
2.2 Foundation
The foundation should be substantial in order to absorb any vibration and to form a permanent rigid sup-
port for the pump.
2.3 Mounting pump
The close-coupled pump may be mounted in any horizontal or vertical position except with pump above
motor. Its construction with the pump installed on the extended motor shaft eliminates coupling and the
alignment procedures normally involved.
Group "S" and "M" pumps have two hold down bolt holes in the motor adapter foot (108). Group "L"
pumps have two hold down bolt holes in the pump foot. All pumps have four hold down bolt holes in the
motor feet.
Depending upon the motor frame, the adapter or pump foot may be higher or lower than the motor feet.
Shim as required, then bolt all feet securely to foundation. Be careful not to twist or distort feet.
2.4 Piping - general
1. All piping must be supported independently of the pump. The piping should always "line-up" natu-
rally with the pump flanges. Never draw the piping into place by use of force at the flanged suc-
tion and discharge connections of the pump.
2. The piping, both suction and discharge, should be as short and direct as possible. Avoid all un-
necessary elbows, bends and fittings, as they increase the friction losses in the piping. The size
of pipe and fittings should be carefully selected and of sufficient size to keep the friction losses as
low as practical.
3. Piping must not be connected to the pump until the pump unit hold down bolts have been tight-
ened.
4. When handling liquids at elevated temperatures, arrangements must be made for expansion
loops or expansion joints so that the linear expansion of the pipe will not cause the pumping unit.
to be drawn out of alignment.
2 Installation
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 11

Figure 2:
2.4 Piping - general
12 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Figure 3:
2.4 Piping - general
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 13

2.5 Piping - suction
1. Properly installed suction piping is of extreme importance for trouble-free centrifugal pump opera-
tion.
1. The suction pipe should be as large or larger than the pump suction.
2. Increasers, if used, should be eccentric and preferably at or near the pump suction
flange.
3. A centrifugal pump should never be throttled for capacity adjustment on the suction side.
Installation with pump above source of supply - suction lift:
1. Keep suction pipe free from air pockets.
1. Piping should slope upwards from source of supply.
2. No portion of piping should extend above the pump suction nozzle.
2. All joints must be air tight.
3. The suction pipe should always be submerged into the source of supply as shown in Figure 2.
4. A foot valve should only be used if necessary for priming, or, if the pump is to be used on inter-
mittent service and is required to hold its prime.
5. Suction strainers when used should have a net free area of at least three times the suction pipe
area.
Installations with pump below source of supply - suction head or flooded suction:
1. A gate valve should be installed in the suction line to permit closing the line for pump inspection
and maintenance.
2. The size of the entrance from the source of supply or minimum submergence over the entrance
should be calculated from the data as shown in Figure 2 for applicable condition to prevent air
from being drawn into the pump.
2.6 Piping - discharge
1. A gate valve and a check valve should be installed in the discharge line. The check valve should
be located between the gate valve and pump to permit inspection of the check valve. The gate
valve is required for priming, regulation of flow capacity and for inspection and maintenance of
the pump.
2. Increasers, if used in discharge line, should be placed between the check valve and the pump.
2.7 Connection of piping
Connect suction and discharge piping. Rotate the pump shaft by hand several complete revolutions to be
sure that there is no binding and that all parts are free.
If the connection of the piping causes unit to rub, correct piping to relieve strain on the pump.
2.8 Check rotation
These pumps are built in right hand construction, i.e., clockwise rotation when viewed from driver end.
The direction of rotation is marked on the pump casing. Make sure that driver rotates in the same direc-
tion.
2.5 Piping - suction
14 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

3 Preparation for operation
3.1 Bearings
The bearings are located in and are part of the motor. Refer to separate motor instructions. There are no
bearings in the pump.
3.2 Stuffing box
These pumps are furnished with packed stuffing box. In the box of fittings accompanying the pump will
be found the stuffing box packing.
When installing the packing, twist the rings sideways just enough to get them around the shaft.
Do not attempt to pull rings straight out to get them over shaft.
Figure 4: Stuffing box packing
1. Slide the Lantern ring (105) out and away from the stuffing box. (See Sectional assembly parts
and interchangeability chart). Insert three rings of packing, staggering the joints. The Lantern ring
should then be inserted in the stuffing box. When it is in its proper position, it will be directly op-
posite the sealing inlet connection.
2. After the Lantern ring is in place, insert two more rings of packing, staggering the joints. One ex-
tra ring is furnished in each set of packing. The extra ring may be added as required.
3. Place one gland half in lower position in stuffing box. Slide cupped washers over studs and on
the bosses of the gland to hold gland halves together.
4. Place the two gland nuts on the studs and draw up evenly but not tight.
3.3 Connection of sealing liquid or grease lubricator
If the stuffing box is above atmospheric pressure, and the pumpage is clean, normal gland leakage of
40-60 drops per minute is usually sufficient to lubricate and cool the packing, and sealing liquid is not
required.
Sealing liquid or grease lubricator is required:
1. When abrasive particles in the pumpage could score the shaft.
2. Stuffing box below atmospheric pressure (pump running with suction lift or suction source under
vacuum). Under these conditions, the packing will not be cooled and lubricated, and air will be
drawn into the pump.
Sealing liquid may be supplied by recirculating pumpage to the Lantern ring through a line from the cas-
ing to 1/4" pipe tap connection (3/8" on Group "L") in the stuffing box. The other connection is plugged. If
the liquid is abrasive, an outside source of clean compatible liquid must be used at a pressure 20 to 40
psi above suction pressure.
A grease lubricator is supplied when the use of recirculating pumpage or of outside sealing liquid is not
desired. The grease should be compatible with, and insoluble in, the pumpage.
3 Preparation for operation
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 15

The quenching liquid must be from an outside source and should be piped with flexible pipe into the
opening in the upper gland half and out the opening in the lower gland half. A shut-off valve should be
installed in the quenching line.
3.4 Connection of piping to quenching gland
A quench type gland can be supplied on special order with tapped holes in the top and lower gland
halves. Quenching is recommended on applications where the liquid pumped is at a temperature of 82°
C | 180°F. or higher, and also when the pump is handling volatile or toxic liquids in order to smother the
gland leakage, which then can be piped away.
3.5 Mechanical seals
Mechanical seals of various types and makes may be supplied on special order. If supplied they were
properly installed and adjusted at the factory. No further adjustment is required. Connect circulating line
between stuffing box and pump casing if not already connected. This line assures sufficient pumpage to
seal for cooling and lubrication. Check separate seal instruction sheet to determine type of seal installed
and any special instruction for the specific seal supplied.
3.6 Connection of drain piping
Drain piping can be connected to the tapped openings in the adapter, to carry away stuffing box leakage.
Openings are ½" pipe tap on Group "S", ¾" on Groups "M" and "L".
3.4 Connection of piping to quenching gland
16 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

4 Starting Pump
4.1 Priming
The pump must always be fully primed - all air removed and the suction pipe full of liquid - before pump
is started.
If the pump is run dry, the rotating parts within the pump may gall and seize to the stationary parts as
they depend on the liquid being pumped for lubrication.
4.2 Adjustment of stuffing box gland
With pump running at rated speed, stuffing box gland can be adjusted. Draw gland nuts up evenly and
only one-sixth of a turn at a time, allowing sufficient time between adjustments for the packing to adjust
itself and the effect on the leakage to be observed. If any sign of heating is evident, shut down the pump
and allow the box to cool. Several starts may be necessary before the box runs cool. Do not back off the
gland nuts on a hot box as this will usually result in liquid leaking between the outer edge of the packing
and the stuffing box bore. Remember that it takes newly installed packing some time to "run in" and that
during this period, frequent attention and careful adjustments are necessary. See 3.2 Stuffing box on
page 15 for final adjustments of gland.
4.3 Installation check final
Final check of installation can only be accomplished after unit has been run under actual operating con-
ditions for a sufficient length of time to bring the unit up to stabilize operating temperature.
After warm-up period has elapsed, stop the unit and check the expansion of pump and motor. This may
be done by loosening motor adapter hold down bolts to determine if motor has expanded more than
adapter. Shims under adapter may need to be added or removed.
Strains imposed by expansion of piping should also be checked.
4 Starting Pump
3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 17

5 Operation
5.1 Stuffing box
Stuffing box with packing rings without quenching gland and grease lubricator.
Periodically inspect stuffing box to see that there is sufficient leakage to lubricate the packing and main-
tain a cool box. Never draw up packing so that the stuffing box heats, as this will cause damage to both
packing and shaft. Always draw up gland nuts evenly and only when pump is running.
After pump has been in operation for some time and the packing has been completely run in, at least 40
to 60 drops per minute of the liquid should be allowed to trickle from the stuffing box at all times for cool-
ing and lubricating the packing and shaft sleeve.
Stuffing box with packing rings with quenching glands.
The same precautions as described above apply. However, the amount of leakage through the packing
cannot be so readily ascertained, due to the quenching liquid. In most cases, the valve on the quenching
liquid supply line can be shut off for a short period and the amount of leakage determined . In no instance
should the gland be drawn up tight.
Stuffing box with packing rings with grease lubricator.
Operation is the same as directed in 5.1 Stuffing box on page 18, with the addition that the handle on the
lubricator should be given a tum or two about every 100 hours of operation.
5.2 Operating at reduced capacities
Do not operate a centrifugal pump at greatly reduced capacities or with discharge gate valve closed be-
cause the energy required to drive the pump is converted into heat. If this condition exists over a long
period, the temperature of the liquid in the pump may increase until the boiling point is reached. If this
occurs, the rotating parts are exposed to vapor with no lubrication and they may score or even seize to
the stationary parts; and furthermore, if running clearances have enlarged due to wear, seizure may not
take place. Continued operation under these conditions may create an explosive hazard due to the con-
fined vapor under high pressure and temperature.
To guard against possible damage, protective devices are available, such as:
1. Liquid temperature relay or thermostat which will shut-off the unit if the liquid temperature in the
pump exceeds a predetermined maximum. This device guards against possible damage due to
running the pump against a closed valve.
2. Constant open by-pass orifice between the pump discharge and any check or regulating valve in
the discharge line. The liquid through the orifice is returned to the suction source. The amount of
liquid by-passed is a function of input horsepower and the allowable temperature rise. This de-
vice also is insurance against damage due to running the pump against a closed discharge valve
or very low flow conditions.
3. Bearing temperature relay which will shut the unit down if the bearing temperature exceeds a
predetermined maximum.
4. Low suction pressure control which will shut off the unit should the suction pressure drop below a
pre-established minimum.
A centrifugal pump should never be throttled for capacity adjustment on the suction side.
5 Operation
18 3655 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions