JDS Uniphase HA9 Series User manual

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HA9 SERIES
EXTENDED RANGE
PROGRAMMABLE OPTICAL ATTENUATOR
User’s Manual
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SD000257 Rev. H May 2000
Contents
Safety Information, Instructions, and Symbols.......................................................................1
Safety Information...........................................................................................................1
Classification .......................................................................................................1
Disconnecting from Line Power...........................................................................1
Line Power Requirements ...................................................................................1
Fuse Type............................................................................................................1
Safety Instructions...........................................................................................................2
Before Initializing and Operating the Unit ............................................................2
Operating the Unit ...............................................................................................2
Safety Symbols...............................................................................................................4
Compliance.....................................................................................................................5
FCC Compliance.................................................................................................5
CE Compliance....................................................................................................5
UL Compliance....................................................................................................6
General Information and Specifications ..................................................................................7
General Information ........................................................................................................7
Key Features.......................................................................................................8
Applications.........................................................................................................9
Standard Accessories..........................................................................................9
Optional Accessories...........................................................................................9
Specifications................................................................................................................10
Getting Started........................................................................................................................12
Before Initializing and Operating the Unit......................................................................12
Initial Inspection.............................................................................................................12
Operating Environment .................................................................................................13
Temperature......................................................................................................13
Humidity.............................................................................................................13
Ventilation..........................................................................................................13
Storing and Shipping.....................................................................................................13
Claims and Repackaging...................................................................................13
Returning Shipments to JDS Uniphase .............................................................14
Cleaning Connectors.....................................................................................................14
Connecting and Setting the GPIB Interface ..................................................................15
Connecting the RS232 Interface...................................................................................16
Checking Optional Connections....................................................................................17
Operating and Maintenance Instructions..............................................................................18
Front Panel....................................................................................................................18
Operating Keys..................................................................................................18
Status LEDs.......................................................................................................19
Connector Panel................................................................................................19
Rear Panel....................................................................................................................19
Setting Operating Mode and Using the Attenuator........................................................20
Turning the Beam Block On or Off................................................................................21
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SD000257 Rev. H May 2000
Setting the Calibration Wavelength...............................................................................21
Setting the User Slope..................................................................................................22
Optimizing the Calibration Wavelength..............................................................22
Storing a User Slope..........................................................................................22
Setting the Display Offset..............................................................................................23
Setting the Display Offset in ATT Mode.............................................................23
Setting the Display Offset in PWR Mode...........................................................23
Setting the Power..........................................................................................................24
Controlling the Driver.....................................................................................................24
Resetting the Attenuator...............................................................................................24
Checking Attenuator Calibration....................................................................................24
Required Equipment..........................................................................................24
Verifying Calibration...........................................................................................26
Verifying Insertion Loss .....................................................................................27
Maintaining the Attenuator............................................................................................27
Programming Guide................................................................................................................29
Setting the GPIB Address and the Interface Command Set for Remote
Operation ......................................................................................................................29
Switching between Remote and Local Operation..........................................................30
GPIB Interface Functions..............................................................................................30
RS232 Interface Functions............................................................................................30
RS232 Programming Examples.........................................................................31
HA9 and HPM Command Sets......................................................................................32
Command Parser Rules.....................................................................................33
HA9/HPM Operation Commands.......................................................................34
HA9/HPM Query Commands.............................................................................36
Status Reporting and Service Request Control.................................................39
Condition Register.............................................................................................39
Status Register ..................................................................................................39
SRQ Mask Register ...........................................................................................40
GPIB Programming Examples...........................................................................41
SCPI Command Set......................................................................................................45
Program Message Formats ...............................................................................46
Terminating a Program Message.......................................................................46
Command Header Variations.............................................................................46
Specifying the Command Path..........................................................................46
Default Commands............................................................................................48
Parameter Types...............................................................................................48
Suffixes..............................................................................................................49
Response Formats ............................................................................................50
Overview of Implemented Status Structures......................................................51
Status Byte Register..........................................................................................54
Service Request Enable Register......................................................................55
Standard Event Status Register ........................................................................55
Standard Event Status Enable Register............................................................56
Operation and Questionable Condition Registers ..............................................56
Operation and Questionable Event Registers....................................................57
Operation and Questionable Event Enable Registers .......................................57
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SD000257 Rev. H May 2000
Operation and Condition Positive Transition Registers......................................57
Operation and Questionable Negative Transition Registers..............................58
Input Queue.......................................................................................................58
Output Queue....................................................................................................59
Error Queue.......................................................................................................59
Description of Error Numbers ............................................................................59
SCPI Command Tree.........................................................................................63
Common Commands.........................................................................................66
DISPlay Commands...........................................................................................70
INPut Commands ..............................................................................................71
OUTPut Commands ..........................................................................................74
Status Commands .............................................................................................76
System Commands ...........................................................................................80
User Commands................................................................................................80
IEEE 488.2 Common Commands .................................................................................81
For sales and service information,
contact JDS Uniphase or your local representative.
JDS Uniphase Corporation
570 West Hunt Club Road
Nepean, Ontario, Canada
K2G 5W8
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
Website: http://www.jdsunph.com
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Safety – 1
Safety Information, Instructions, and Symbols
Safety Information
Classification
The HA9 Series Extended Range Programmable Optical Attenuator consists of an exposed
metal chassis that is connected directly to earth via a power cord and, therefore, is classified
as a Class 1 instrument. Class 1 refers to equipment relying on ground protection as a means
of shock protection.
The following symbol is used to indicate a protective conductor terminal in the unit.
Disconnecting from Line Power
Some of the circuits are powered whenever the unit is connected to the AC power source (line
power). To ensure that the unit is not connected to the line power, disconnect the power cord
from either the power inlet on the unit’s rear panel or from the AC line-power source
(receptacle). The power cord must always be accessible from one of these points. If the unit is
installed in a cabinet, the operator must be able to disconnect the unit from the line power by
the system’s line-power switch.
Line Power Requirements
The unit can operate from any single-phase AC power source that supplies between 90 and
240 V at a frequency range of 50 to 60 Hz. The maximum power consumption is 80 VA.
Fuse Type
The fuse type used by the unit is (5x20) mm, T1A / 250 V (slow).
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Safety – 2
Safety Instructions
The following safety instructions must be observed whenever the unit is operated, serviced, or
repaired. Failure to comply with any of these instructions or with any precaution or warning
contained in the user’s manual is in direct violation of the standards of design, manufacture,
and intended use of the unit. JDS Uniphase assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to
comply with any of these safety requirements.
Before Initializing and Operating the Unit

Inspect the unit for any signs of damage, and read the user’s manual thoroughly.

Install the unit as specified in the Getting Started section.

Ensure that the unit and any devices or cords connected to it are properly grounded.
Operating the Unit
Warning
To avoid the risk of injury or death, always observe the following precautions
before initializing the unit:
•If using a voltage-reducing autotransformer to power the unit, ensure that
the common terminal connects to the earthed pole of the power source.
•Use only the type of power cord supplied with the unit.
•Connect the power cord only to a power outlet equipped with a protective
earth contact. Never connect to an extension cord that is not equipped with
this feature.
•Willfully interrupting the protective earth connection is prohibited.
•Never look into the end of an optical cable connected to an optical output
device that is operating. Laser radiation is invisible, and direct exposure can
severely injure the human eye. For more information, see the user’s manual
of the laser source in use.
•Turning off the power to the device does not always block the externally
supplied radiation to the connector at the output of the unit.
•Do not use the unit outdoors.
•To prevent potential fire or shock hazard, do not expose the unit to any
source of excessive moisture.
•Do not operate the unit when its covers or panels have been removed.
•Do not interrupt the protective earth grounding. Any such action can lead to
a potential shock hazard that can result in serious personal injury.
•Do not operate the unit if an interruption to the protective grounding is
suspected. In this case, ensure that the unit remains inoperative.
•Use only the type of fuse specified by the manufacturer as appropriate for
this unit. Do not use repaired fuses, and avoid any situations that can short-
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Safety – 3
circuit the fuse.
•Unless absolutely necessary, do not attempt to adjust or perform any
maintenance or repair procedure when the unit is opened and connected to
a power source.
•Repairs are to be carried out only by a qualified professional.
•Do not attempt any adjustment, maintenance, or repair procedure to the
unit’s internal mechanism if immediate first aid is not accessible.
•Disconnect the power cord from the unit before adding or removing any
components.
•Operating the unit in the presence of flammable gases or fumes is
extremely hazardous.
•Do not perform any operating or maintenance procedure that is not
described in the user’s manual.
•Some of the unit’s capacitors can be charged even when the unit is not
connected to the power source.
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Safety – 4
Safety Symbols
The following symbols and messages can be marked on the unit (Table 1). Observe all safety
instructions that are associated with a symbol.
Table 1: Safety Symbols
Symbol Description
Laser safety. See the user’s manual for instructions on handling and operating
the unit safely.
See the user’s manual for instructions on handling and operating the unit
safely.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD). See the user’s manual for instructions on
handling and operating the unit safely.
Frame or chassis terminal for electrical grounding within the unit.
Protective conductor terminal for electrical grounding to the earth.
WARNING
The procedure can result in serious injury or loss of life if not carried out
in proper compliance with all safety instructions. Ensure that all
conditions necessary for safe handling and operation are met before
proceeding.
CAUTION
The procedure can result in serious damage to or destruction of the unit if not
carried out in compliance with all instructions for proper use. Ensure that all
conditions necessary for safe handling and operation are met before
proceeding.
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Safety – 5
Compliance
FCC Compliance
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States of America requires that
equipment operating in that country does not cause interference to communications. The unit
has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to
Part 15 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations for Radio Frequency Devices. Operation
is subject to the following two conditions, which the FCC requires to be labeled on the unit:
•This device may not cause harmful interference.
•This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
FCC rules require that the following note and subsequent information be included in this
manual:
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial
environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely
to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference
at his own expense.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
commercial installation. The unit generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with instructions, can cause harmful interference to radio
communications.
Any user modification made to the unit voids the user’s authority to operate the unit under the
FCC rules.
If this unit is used in a residential setting, resulting interference must be corrected by the user.
For more information, see Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations at
http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/cfr-table-search.html.
CE Compliance
The unit has been designed and tested to comply with directive 73/23/EEC and its subsequent
amendments by the European Community (EC or CE). The directive relates to electrical
equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits. It ensures that electrical equipment is
constructed with good engineering practice in safety matters.
The unit has been designed and tested to comply with directive 89/336/EEC and its
subsequent amendments. The directive relates to electromagnetic compatibility. It demands
that electromagnetic disturbance does not exceed a prescribed level; that the equipment be
immune to a prescribed level of ambient level of interference; that the equipment be protected
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Safety – 6
against electrostatic discharges; and that the equipment be immune to all electrical shock
wave disturbances. As of 1997, measures have been added to test for fire hazard, electric
shock hazard, and also external exposure to other forms of energy.
The requirements specified by directive 89/336/EEC are as follows. CE compliance requires
that the manufacturer or its authorized representative established within the Community affix
the EC conformity mark to the apparatus or else to the packaging, instructions for use, or
guarantee certificate. The EC conformity mark shall consist of the letters CE as specified and
the figures of the year in which the mark was affixed. This mark should, where appropriate, be
accompanied by the distinctive letters used by the notified body issuing the EC type-
examination certificate. Where the apparatus is the subject of other Directives providing for the
EC conformity mark, the affixing of the EC mark shall also indicate conformity with the relevant
requirements of those other Directives.
UL1Compliance
The unit complies with Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standard 1950, the Standard for Safety
Information Technology Equipment.
The unit complies with Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standard 3101.1, Electrical Equipment
for Laboratory Use; Part 1: General Requirements.
1UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories Inc.
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General Information and Specifications – 7
General Information and Specifications
General Information
This user’s manual for the HA9 Series Extended Range Programmable Optical Attenuator
contains complete operating instructions.
The HA9 Series Extended Range Programmable Optical Attenuator (Figure 1) gives an
extended attenuation range (100 dB) and high resolution (0.01 dB) for testing power meters
and for general test and laboratory work. The linear design of the HA9 attenuator, combined
with built-in calibration and offset functions, allows the user to match the display of the HA9
attenuator to an optical power meter over a wide power range. This combination is useful in
tests requiring control of the absolute optical power into a test device. In addition, a built-in
beam blocking switch allows fast access from any attenuation setting to infinite attenuation
(blocking attenuation is >110 dB).
Figure 1: HA9 Series Extended Range Programmable Attenuator
The standard operating wavelength range of the HA9 attenuator is 1200 to 1700 nm. An
optional wide wavelength range of 750 to 1700 nm with reduced attenuation range is available.
Single-mode HA9 attenuators with an analog option are specifically designed for use in
demanding applications, such as multichannel AM systems and high bit-rate digital pulse code
modulation (PCM) systems.
The HA9 attenuator has an SCPI/HP 8156A compatible command set and can be controlled
from either the front panel keypad or by parallel IEEE 488.1 or serial RS232 interfaces.
LabVIEW2drivers are supplied to facilitate remote control. For information on using the
LabVIEW drivers, see the
LabVIEW Instrument Driver for HA1, HA3, HA9, and HA11
Attenuators User’s Manual
(document SD000322).
The optics of the HA9 attenuator are bidirectional and, therefore, either fiber port can be used
as the input.
When the HA9 attenuator is used at high attenuation settings, the output fiber or cable must
be shielded to prevent erroneous readings caused by ambient light pickup.
2LabVIEW is a registered trademark of National Instruments Corporation.
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General Information and Specifications – 8
When combined with a light source, the attenuator can be used for EDFA testing or for
calibrating the linearity of power meters. In addition, the attenuator can be used for loss
simulation and for measuring bit error rate (BER) curves and the dynamic range of receivers
(Figure 2).
Figure 2: Block Diagram
Linearity
The linearity of the attenuation is not affected by wavelength.
Insertion Loss
Insertion loss is not included in the attenuation of the attenuator.
Source Considerations
Source output powers can be sensitive to reflections. For example, if the output of the
attenuator is connected to a jumper with an unterminated, non-angled connector (for example,
an FC/PC connector coupled into a detector), a large reflection can be coupled back into the
source when the attenuator is used at low attenuation settings. Consequently, as the
attenuation is increased, the reflection level back into the source decreases, making the HA9
attenuator seem non-linear over the range of 0 to 10 dB.
The following methods can be used to offset the effects of reflection:
•Using an angled connector (for example, an FC/APC connector) at the detector
•Adding some attenuation (5 to 10 dB typically) between the source and the attenuator
•Using an isolator between the source and the attenuator
Key Features
•0.01 dB resolution and repeatability
•0 to 100 dB attenuation range
•1200 to 1700 nm or 750 to 1700 nm wavelength ranges
•Single-mode or multimode fiber
•Built-in beam blocking switch
•Less than 2.5 seconds from 0 to 100 dB
•IEEE 488.2 and RS232 interfaces
•SCPI compatible command set
•Universal connector adapter (UCA) option
•LabVIEW drivers
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General Information and Specifications – 9
Applications
•Testing erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs)
•Testing and/or calibrating the linearity of power meters
•Measuring bit error rate curves
•Measuring the dynamic range of receivers
•Simulating loss
Standard Accessories
•LabVIEW drivers diskette and user’s manual
•AC power cord
•Rack-mount kit with assembly instructions
•User’s manual
Optional Accessories
•Built-in 1x2 switch
•Built-in splitter (1/99, 2/98, 5/95, 10/90, or 55/50)
•UCAs
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General Information and Specifications – 10
Specifications
The following optical specifications describe the warranted characteristics of the unit (Table 2).
Supplementary specifications describe the typical non-warranted performance of the unit
(Table 3).
Table 2: Optical Specifications
Parameter Standard Wide
Wavelength range 1200 to 1700 nm 750 to 1700 nm
Attenuation
range
resolution
repeatability2
change rate
accuracy3
100 dB
0.01 dB nominal
±0.005 typical, ±0.01 dB
maximum
≤2.5 seconds, 0 to 100 dB
±0.03 dB typical,±0.1 dB
maximum
≥60 dB1
0.01 dB nominal
±0.005 typical, ±0.01 dB
maximum
≤2.5 seconds, 0 to 60 dB
±0.03 dB typical, ±0.1 dB
maximum
Insertion loss4,5
SM
MM (50/125)
MM (other)
1.2 dB typical, 1.5 dB maximum
≤2.2 dB
≤2.9 dB
≤5.0 dB6
≤3.2 dB6
≤3.9 dB6
Return loss1,2
SM
SM (analog)
MM (50/125)
MM (other)
>45 dB
>60 dB7
>35 dB
>30 dB
Maximum optical input
power
200 mW
Polarization dependent
loss4,5
0.03 dB typical, 0.08 dB maximum
Beam block
attenuation
>110 dB
Beam block speed <20 ms
Recalibration period
(recommended)
2 years
1The attenuation range is a continuous function of wavelength.
2At constant temperature, wavelength, and polarization state after a half hour warm-up.
3With optimization of the calibration wavelength or user slope. If optimization is not performed,
accuracy is the greater of ±0.1 dB or ±0.004 dB/dB from 1260 to 1360 nm and from 1450 to 1570 nm.
At other wavelengths, the accuracy is the greater of ±0.1 dB or ±0.015 dB/dB if optimization is not
performed.
4Measured at 23 °C with a laser source.
5Not including connectors, switch, or coupler (if installed).
6Over 850 to 1600 nm. Insertion loss is typically highest at wavelength extremes.
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General Information and Specifications – 11
7Total of discreet reflections, not including distributed reflection in fiber.
Table 3: Other Specifications
Electrical
Input voltage 90 to 240 V AC, 50 to 60 Hz
Power consumption 80 VA maximum
Physical
Dimensions
(W x H x D)
19 inch (48.26 cm)
rack mount
21.2 x 8.9 x 35.5 cm
2U high, ½ rack width, compatible with HP 8156A attenuator
Weight 4 kg
Environmental
Operating temperature 0 to 40 °C
Storage temperature -40 to 60 °C
Humidity maximum 90% RH up to 40 °C, decreasing 5% per °C from 40 to
60 °C
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Getting Started – 12
Getting Started
The HA9 Series Extended Range Programmable Optical Attenuator consists of the attenuator
unit, an AC power cord, rack-mount kit, and HA9 LabVIEW software.
Before Initializing and Operating the Unit

Inspect the unit for any signs of damage.
 Read the user’s manual thoroughly, and become familiar with all safety symbols and
instructions to ensure that the unit is operated and maintained safely.
Initial Inspection
Warning
To avoid electrical shock, do not initialize or operate the unit if it bears any sign
of damage to any portion of its exterior surface, such as the outer cover or
panels.
Check that the unit and contents are complete:
1. Wear an anti-static wrist strap, and work in an electrostatic discharge (ESD) controlled
area.
2. Inspect the shipping container for any indication of excessive shock to the contents, and
inspect the contents to ensure that the shipment is complete.
3. Inspect the unit for structural damage that can have occurred during shipping.
4. Connect the unit to a power source, using the AC power cord provided.
5. Set the power switch to I(on), and observe the power-up sequence.
The attenuator always powers on in ATT mode. All key lamps and status LEDs light. The
version number of the software is displayed briefly. The calibration wavelength in nm
(XXXX), and the attenuation (YY.YY dB) are displayed, for example, XXXX YY.YY dB.
The command set (YYY), the message terminating sequence <CR> <LF>, or <CR> or
<LF> (TR), and the GPIB address (AD; a number between 1 and 30) are also displayed.
An example is YYY (TR) AD. The status of the beam block (BLK) and the attenuation in
dB (XX.XX) are displayed, for example, BLK (XX.XX). If a malfunction is detected during
the power-up sequence, an error message is displayed.
If an offset setting was entered and used before the last power-down, the OFFS status
LED is lit, and the attenuation displayed is the offset value. If the offset value is 0, the
attenuation displayed is 0.00 dB.
6. Keep the packaging.
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Getting Started – 13
Immediately inform JDS Uniphase and, if necessary, the carrier if the contents of the shipment
are incomplete, if the unit or any of its components are damaged or defective, or if the unit
does not pass the initial inspection.
Operating Environment
In order for the unit to meet the warranted specifications, the operating environment must meet
the following conditions for temperature, humidity, and ventilation.
Temperature
The unit can be operated in the temperature range of 0 to 40 °C.
Humidity
The unit can be operated in environments with up to 90% humidity (0 to 40 °C). Do not expose
it to any environmental conditions or changes to environmental conditions that can cause
condensation to form inside the unit.
Ventilation
The unit contains a built-in cooling fan. Do not install it in any location where the ventilation is
blocked. For optimum performance, the unit must be operated from a location that provides at
least 75 mm (3 inches) of clearance at the rear and at least 25 mm (1 inch) of clearance at the
bottom. Blocking the air circulation around the unit can cause the unit to overheat,
compromising its reliability.
Warning
•Do not use the unit outdoors.
•To prevent potential fire or shock hazard, do not expose the unit to any
source of excessive moisture.
Storing and Shipping
To maintain optimum operating reliability, do not store the unit in locations where the
temperature falls below -40 °C or rises above 60 °C. Avoid any environmental condition that
can result in internal condensation. Ensure that these temperature and humidity requirements
can also be met whenever the unit is shipped.
Claims and Repackaging
Immediately inform JDS Uniphase and, if necessary, the carrier, if
•The contents of the shipment are incomplete
•The unit or any of its components are damaged or defective
•The unit does not pass the initial inspection
In the event of carrier responsibility, JDS Uniphase will allow for the repair or replacement of
the unit while a claim against the carrier is being processed.
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Getting Started – 14
Returning Shipments to JDS Uniphase
JDS Uniphase only accepts returns for which an approved Return Material Authorization
(RMA) has been issued by JDS Uniphase sales personnel. This number must be obtained prior
to shipping any material to JDS Uniphase. The owner’s name and address, the model number
and full serial number of the unit, the RMA number, and an itemized statement of claimed
defects must be included with the return material.
Ship return material in the original shipping container and packing material. If these are not
available, packaging guidelines are as follows:
1. Wear an anti-static wrist strap and work in an ESD controlled area.
2. Cover the front panel, if applicable, with a strip of cardboard.
3. Wrap the unit in anti-static packaging. Use anti-static connector covers, if applicable.
4. Pack the unit in a reliable shipping container.
5. Use enough shock-absorbing material (10 to 15 cm or 4 to 6 in on all sides) to cushion the
unit and prevent it from moving inside the container. Pink poly anti-static foam is the best
material.
6. Seal the shipping container securely.
7. Clearly mark FRAGILE on its surface.
8. Always provide the model and serial number of the unit and, if necessary, theRMA number
on any accompanying documentation.
9. Ship the unit only to the address given at the beginning of this document.
Cleaning Connectors
Caution
•Connecting damaged or dirty fibers to the unit can damage the connectors
on the unit.
•Never force an optical connector. Some connectors have a ceramic ferrule
that can easily be broken.
Optical cable ends need to be cleaned before using them with the unit.
The following items are required for cleaning:
•Filtered compressed air or dusting gas (for example, Tech Spray Envi-Ro-Tech Duster
1671 gas, available from http://www.techspray.com/1671.htm)
•Lint-free pipe cleaners (for example, from 3M3) or lint-free swab
33M is a trademark of 3M.
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