
3.1.2 SPECIAL TOOLS
Some airbag diagnostic tests use special tools, the
8310 and 8443 airbag load tools for testing squib
circuits. The load tools contain fixed resistive loads,
jumpers, and adapters. The fixed loads are con-
nected to cables and are mounted in a storage case.
The cables can be directly connected to some
airbag system connectors. Jumpers are used to
convert the load tool cable connectors to other
airbag system connectors. The adapters are con-
nected to the module harness connector to open
shorting clips and to protect the connector terminal
during testing.
When using the load tool, follow all of the safety
procedures in the service information for discon-
necting airbag system components. Inspect the wir-
ing, connector, and terminals for damage or mis-
alignment.
Substitute the airbag load tool in place of a Driver
or Passenger airbag, curtain airbag, clockspring, or
seat belt tensioner, (use a jumper if needed). Then
follow all of the safety procedures in the service
information for connecting airbag system compo-
nents.
Read the module active DTC’s. If the module
reports NO ACTIVE DTC’S, the defective compo-
nent has been removed from the system and should
be replaced. If the DTC is still active, continue this
process until all of the components in the circuit
have been tested.
Then disconnect the module connector and con-
nect the matching adapter to the module connector.
With all airbags disconnected and adapter in-
stalled, the squib circuits can be tested for open and
shorted conditions.
3.1.3 DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
Airbag diagnostic trouble codes (DTC) consist of
active and stored codes. If more than one DTC
exists, diagnostic priority should be given to the
active code(s). Each DTC is diagnosed by following a
specific testing procedure. The diagnostic test pro-
cedures contain step-by-step instructions for deter-
mining the cause of the DTC. It is not necessary to
perform all of the tests in this manual to diagnose
an individual DTC.
Always begin by reading the DTC’s using the
DRBIIIt. If more than one code exists, diagnostic
priority should be given to active code(s).
Active DTC’s for the airbag system are not per-
manent and will change the moment the cause of
the code is corrected. In certain test procedures
within this manual, DTC’s are used as a diagnostic
tool.
3.1.3.1 ACTIVE CODES
An active trouble code indicates an on-going mal-
function. This indicates that the defect is currently
active every time the ACM checks the particular
circuit or function. It is impossible to erase an active
code; active codes automatically erase themselves
when the cause for the code has been corrected.
With the exception of the warning indicator trou-
ble codes or malfunctions, when a malfunction has
been detected by the ACM, the Airbag warning
indicator is illuminated for a minimum of 12 sec-
onds, or as long as the malfunction is present.
3.1.3.2 STORED CODES
Airbag codes are automatically stored in theACM
memory as soon as the malfunction is detected,
with the exception of the Loss Of Ignition Run-Only
code, which is an active code only. A stored code
indicates that there was an active code present at
some time. However, the code currently may not be
present as an active code, although another active
code may be.
When a trouble code occurs, the Airbag warning
indicator illuminates for 12 seconds minimum,
(even if the condition existed for less than 12
seconds). Stored codes display the time in minutes
that the code was active, and the number of times
that the ignition has been cycled since the active
code was last detected.
The minimum time shown for any code will be
one minute, even if the code was actually present
for less than one minute. Thus, the time shown for
a code that was present for two minutes 13 seconds,
for example, would be three minutes.
If a malfunction is not active while performing a
diagnostic test, the active code diagnostic test will
not locate the source or the condition. In this case,
the stored code can indicate an area to inspect. The
following procedure may uncover a malfunction
that is difficult to locate:
WARNING: TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH, MAINTAIN A SAFE DISTANCE FROM
ALL AIRBAGS WHILE PERFORMING THE
FOLLOWING INSPECTION:
If no obvious problems are found:
•Erase the stored codes
•Place the ignition in the Run position
•Wiggle the wire harness and connectors
•Rotate the steering wheel from stop to stop
•Recheck for active codes periodically as you work
through the system.
3
GENERAL INFORMATION