Kanardia INDU 80 User manual

Altimeter INDU 80 — Manual
Kanardia d.o.o.
August 2018
© Kanardia d.o.o.
Manual Revision 1.5

Altimeter — Manual
Contact Information
Publisher and producer:
Kanardia d.o.o.
Lopata 24a
SI-3000
Slovenia
Tel: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
A lot of useful and recent information can be also found on the In-
ternet. See http://www.kanardia.eu for more details.
Copyright
This document is published under the Creative Commons, Attribution-
ShareAlike 3.0 Unported licence. Full license is available on http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode web page
and a bit more human readable summary is given on
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. In short, the
license gives you right to copy, reproduce and modify this document
if:
 you cite Kanardia d.o.o. as the author of the original work,
 you distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar
license to this one.
Credits
This document was written using TeX Live (L
A
T
EX) based document
creation system using Kile running on Linux operating system. Most
1 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual
of the figures were drawn using Open Office Draw, Inkscape and
QCad applications. Photos and scanned material was processed using
Gimp. All document sources are freely available on request under the
licence mentioned above and can be obtained by email. Please send
requests to [e-mail].
Revision History
The following table shows the revision history of this document.
Rev. Date Description
1.0 Feb 2015 Initial release
1.1 Oct 2015 Altitude model is extended up to 20000 m.
1.2 Dec 2015 Procedure for QNH toggle and IAS auto zero.
1.3 Mar 2016 Procedure for Illumination wheel activation.
1.4 Jul 2017 Backup battery option.
1.5 Aug 2018 Illumination with push button models.
2 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual CONTENTS
Contents
1 Introduction 5
1.1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Options ......................... 6
1.2.1 Scale Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2.2 Display Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.3 Backup Battery Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3 Technical Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2 Installation 9
2.1 Mounting Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 Connections....................... 10
2.2.1 Static Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.2 CAN Bus Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.3 Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3.1 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.4 Green 6-Pin Connector - Backup Battery . . . . . . . 13
3 Maintenance & Repair 14
4 Calibration Adjustments 14
4.1 Altitude Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.4 Toggle Illumination Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
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Altimeter — Manual CONTENTS
5 Backup Battery 18
5.1 Symbols ......................... 18
5.2 Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.3 CapacityTest...................... 19
5.4 Connection Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.4.1 Solution With One Switch . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.4.2 Solution with Two Switches . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.5 CAN Bus Power Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6 Sensor Calibration 22
6.1 Sensor Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Pressure Altitude Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7 Limited Conditions 24
7.1 Warranty ........................ 24
7.2 TSO Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 1. Introduction
1 Introduction
First of all, we would like to thank you for purchasing our device.
Indu altimeter is an electronic device, which mimics classical altime-
ter construction and combines it with the state of the art electronics.
This results in the best of both worlds; a perfect and intuitive ana-
logue reading combined with high precision of modern electronics.
This manual describes the technical description of the unit, installa-
tion and operation.
CAUTION: This altimeter is not TSO approved as a flight
instrument.
1.1 General Description
The altimeter is an electromechanical device. It consist of high pre-
cision electronic barometric sensor, which provides static pressure
information in digital form. The electronics reads the sensor and
drives two coaxial stepper motors turning one needle each. The pres-
sure information is also shown on a colour LCD display. A rotating
push knob is used to adjust the barometric offset (aka QNH value)
and to adjust LCD display brightness1. When connected to a CAN
bus the altimeter outputs the pressure information. An optional dim
knob can be connected to the device and it is used to adjust the
brightness of the screen.
Display is divided linearly in 360◦scale. The large pointer is working
in 1000 m (feet) per revolution with the 20 m markings (20 feet).
1Older models do not have push knob and a separate external knob is needed
to adjust the brightness.
5 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 1.2 Options
The small pointer is working in 10000 m (feet) per revolution with
200 m markings (200 feet).
Optionally, altimeter can be equipped with integrated backup bat-
tery.
17.4
25
82
82
51 17.8
2.5
16
9
21.8
17.8
Figure 1: Front and side view of the altimeter with its principal di-
mensions.
1.2 Options
The instrument comes in a few variants regarding scale and backup
battery. LCD display can have options, too.
1.2.1 Scale Options
The instrument can be delivered with two different scales. One scale
is in feet and the other scale is in meters.
The scale must be specified at the time of order.
6 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 1.2 Options
The QNH (baro-correction) units are also optional. You can choose
between:
 hPa in the range of (590 – 1080) with one hPa step.
 inHg in the range of (17.42 – 31.89) with 0.01 inHg step.
Baro correction units can be changed by user. Please refer to section
4.3 on page 16.
1.2.2 Display Options
In standard configuration, LCD display shows three parameters. See
the front page photo.
 Flight level is shown on top left corner,
 altitude is shown on top right and
 QNH value is shown on bottom.
In the case of backup battery, battery status is shown in far top right
corner.
If you want to have different LCD display layout, please contact us
to discuss options. LCD display configuration must be specified at
the time of order.
1.2.3 Backup Battery Option
Optionally, altimeter can be equipped with integrated backup bat-
tery. If the main power is switched off, the altimeter obtains power
from internal battery for a limited time. In addition, the backup bat-
tery in altimeter can supply power for one low power external device,
like airspeed indicator.
7 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 1.3 Technical Specification
The backup battery option must be specified at the time of order.
You can’t upgrade the instrument with this option without sending
it back to factory.
1.3 Technical Specification
Table 1 shows some basic technical specification of Indu altimeter.
Description Value
Altitude range -500 ∼16000 m, (-1500 ∼50000 feet)
Sensor calibration standard: -500 ∼6000 m
extended: -500 ∼16000 m
Weight 245 g
Size 82 x 82 x 54 (73 with connectors) mm
Operational voltage 6 ∼32 V
Power consumption 1.44 W
Current 120 mA at 12 V
60 mA at 24 V
Operating temperature -20 ◦Cto +60 ◦C
Storage temperature -30 ◦Cto +85 ◦C
Humidity 30 % ∼90 %, non condensing
Panel hole 80 mm (3.15 inch) diameter, standard fit
Barometric sensor 24 bit, 10 ∼1200 hPa, 20 cm resolution
QNH range 590 ∼1080 hPa, (17.42 ∼31.89 inHg)
Internal logger storage more than 50 hours, 1 sec interval
Communication CAN bus, 29 bit header, 500 kbit,
Kanardia protocol
Table 1: Basic technical specifications.
When altimeter is equipped with a backup battery, some specifica-
tions from the table 1 are different and correct specifications are listed
in table 2 on page 9.
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Altimeter — Manual 2. Installation
Description Value
Weight 305 g
Power consumption 3.84 W (when charging)
Current 320 mA at 12 V (when charging)
160 mA at 24 V (when charging)
Operating temperature -10 ◦Cto +50 ◦C
Storage temperature -30 ◦Cto +60 ◦C
Backup battery Lithium iron phosphate (3.3 V)
Charging time from 0 to 100 % 2 h 30 min
Backup time 1 h 30 min (altimeter only)
Backup time 40 min (150 mA load on CAN bus)
Max backup power output 150 mA at 12 V (to CAN bus)
Table 2: Technical specifications for altimeter with backup battery.
Specs not listed here can be taken from previous table.
2 Installation
The Indu altimeter requires a standard size 80 mm hole in the in-
strument panel. The position of the hole must ensure good access
to the instrument for the QNH adjustments and it must be always
visible from the pilot’s perspective.
2.1 Mounting Dimensions
The mounting screw holes are located on a circle of 89 mm diameter.
The instrument is mounted using three screws type M4. To prevent
internal stresses, please make sure that the instrument panel is flat.
It is highly recommended that the instrument panel is mounted using
rubber shocks, which reduce the vibrations. Figure 2 illustrates the
mounting hole.
9 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
80
90°
45°
4.2
for M4
4.2
for M4
4.2
for M4
4
(for QNH knob axle 3.1)
31.5 31.5
31.5
31.5
Figure 2: Instrument panel cutout and mounting hole. Note: Figure
is not in scale.
2.2 Connections
Figure 3 illustrates all connections at the back side of the instrument.
2.2.1 Static Connection
The altimeter must be connected to the static pressure source. The
static source is usually obtained from pressure sources located on the
fuselage side surfaces or from the static port on the pitot tube.
It is highly recommended to keep the static tubing as short as pos-
sible. The tubing must avoid sharp bends and twists. The tubing
must be airtight. Water must not be allowed to enter the tubing.
10 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
(a) Standard model. (b) Model with backup battery.
Figure 3: Back view of the instrument with connections.
2.2.2 CAN Bus Connection
Connection to the CAN bus is optional and is not required for the
normal operation.
Use standard RJ45 ethernet cable to connect it with other Kanardia
equipment.
When connected to the bus, altimeter will transmit altitude, QNH
and vario to other units connected to the bus. At the same time it
will serve as a data logger - it will log most of relevant information
provided on the bus.
Please note that CAN bus must be terminated. Typically, this means
that one of the connecting instruments must have a terminator plug
installed.
In addition, altimeter also provides limited power (about 1 A at 12
V) for devices connected on the CAN bus. For example: you can
connect Indu slave vario to the altimeter and vario will get power
from CAN bus.
11 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 2.3 Power Connection
Altimeters equipped with backup battery have slightly different CAN
bus connectors. In this case only one connector provides output
power, while the second one does not. Connector that provides power
is marked with red CAN label. A device connected to this connector
will also get backup power from altimeter in the case of main power
bus failure. This backup power is limited to 150 mA at 12 V, which
typically allows connection of one Indu instrument.
2.2.3 Illumination
LCD display brightness level can be adjusted. Here are two options:
new altimeters have a push/rotate knob, while older altimeters have
only rotating knob. When altimeter is connected to the CAN bus,
the knob adjusts brightness of all instruments connected to the bus.
On altimeters with a push knob, simply push the knob, adjust the
brightness and push the knob once more.
For altimeters with only rotation knob, an optional external illumi-
nation knob can be connected to the back of the instrument. Illumi-
nation knob part number is I-ALT-ILLUM and it must be ordered
separately. Please refer also to section 4.4 on page 17 for the activa-
tion procedure.
2.3 Power Connection
Connect supplied connector at the back of the altimeter. The connec-
tor has a notch on one side, which protects from wrong orientation.
Connect blue lead to negative (ground) terminal and red lead to
positive (+12-24 V) terminal.
12 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 2.4 Green 6-Pin Connector - Backup Battery
2.3.1 Troubleshooting
In certain aircraft installations instrument freezes and then reboots
itself, when some large current consumers are switched on. This is
caused by a very short voltage drop as a consequence of the con-
sumer’s power demand.
A simple electronic circuit illustrated on Figure 4 may help in this
case. The circuit consist of two elements.
 The diode prevents reverse flow from the capacitor. We recom-
mend Schottky Diode 1N5818G. You can also use some other
diode, which has a low voltage drop, 1 A forward current and
at least 20 V of blocking voltage.
 The capacitor serves for a very short energy reserve. Use an
aluminium electrolytic capacitor with about 1000 µF, at least
25 V and at least 100 ◦C working temperature.
Instrument
+12 V
GND
Diode
1N5818G
Capacitor
1000 μF, 25V, 108°C
Figure 4: Circuit that may prevent sudden voltage drops in certain
installations.
2.4 Green 6-Pin Connector - Backup Battery
This connector is used only with the backup battery option. Out of
6 pins, only pin 1 and pin 2 are in use and pins 3-6 are not used.
13 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 3. Maintenance & Repair
When pins 1 and 2 are connected together (shorted), then the backup
battery circuit is active. Please refer to section 5.4 on page 20 for
more details.
3 Maintenance & Repair
No special maintenance is required. A static leak test should be
performed annually and calibration check biannually. In the case of
small deviation, use the procedure described in section 4.1.
Altimeters equipped with backup battery must undergo battery ca-
pacity check annually. The procedure is described in section 5.3.
The Indu altimeter has no serviceable parts inside. In the case of
malfunction, it must be sent to factory for a repair.
4 Calibration Adjustments
The QNH knob is used to perform some adjustments of the altime-
ter. In fact, this knob may be also used to adjust IAS, when such
instrument is connected to the CAN bus.
4.1 Altitude Adjustment - Static Sensor Offset
1020 →999 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →29.50 →29.91 for inHg.
A minor sensor offset may be required in order to adjust the instru-
ment according to some other reference intrument. Please, follow
the steps given below in order to make the adjustment. A precise
reference instrument is needed in this procedure.
14 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 4.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero
1. Set both the reference instrument and Indu altimeter to 1013
hPa and compare the readings. Write down the altitude shown
by the reference.
2. Turn the knob on altimeter to indicate 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg)
and wait for about 3 seconds for a short cyan line to appear on
the top of LCD display.
3. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 999 hPa (29.50 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears on the top. You must
reach 999 hPa before cyan line disappears.
4. Turn the knob to select 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) and wait for a
moment. Again, you have to reach this value before cyan line
disappears.
5. Now a full cyan line appears and the LCD display is slightly
altered. It shows the offset and the altitude. Turn the knob
until the altimeter shows the same altitude as the reference
altimeter. Wait for cyan line to disappear.
This completes the sensor offset procedure.
4.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero
1020 →1030 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →30.42 →29.91 for inHg.
In special situations, when altimeter and airspeed indicator are con-
nected with the CAN bus, you can use altimeter to issue zero cal-
ibration command on the airspeed indicator. Normaly, this is not
needed. You should issue this command only, if airspeed indicator
shows significant offset during pitostatic test.
15 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 4.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg
When airspeed indicator receives such command, it changes offset of
the internal pressure sensor so that it shows true zero afterwards.
Important: Please make sure that aeroplane is either inside hangar
or there is absolutely no wind and that pitot tube is not covered.
Failing to do so may result in wrong offset and it may worsen airspeed
precision.
The procedure is as follows:
1. Turn QNH until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait for
about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top of
LCD display.
2. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 1030 hPa (30.42 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the pro-
cedure. Cyan line disappears and no other visual feedback is
shown on either indicator.
4.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg
1020 →1025 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →30.27 →29.91 for inHg.
Part of the LCD display is also a QNH value. This value can be
shown in hPa or in inHg units. If current unit does not suit you, you
can change it by following procedure:
1. Turn QNH until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait for
about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top of
LCD display.
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Altimeter — Manual 4.4 Toggle Illumination Knob
2. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 1025 hPa (30.27 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the proce-
dure. Observe the units and values next to QNH. They changed
from hPa to inHg and vice versa.
4.4 Toggle Illumination Knob
1020 →1035 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →30.56 →29.91 for inHg.
This section applies only to altimeters without push/rotate knob.
If the external illumination knob does not work – screen does not re-
act on the knob, try the following procedure. This procedure enables
remote illumination knob if it was not enabled or disables illumina-
tion knob, if it was enabled.
1. Turn QNH until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait for
about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top of
LCD display.
2. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 1035 hPa (30.56 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the pro-
cedure.
4. Finally, you need to turn off the instrument and then back on
in order to activate the change.
17 © Kanardia 2015-2018

Altimeter — Manual 5. Backup Battery
5 Backup Battery
Some altimeters are quipped with backup battery. This battery pro-
vides backup power in the case when main power bus fails.
5.1 Symbols
The following symbols are used to indicate the status of the backup
system. The symbols are visible in top right corner of the LCD
display.
Backup battery system failure. Altimeter may work
as long as the main power bus is working, but
backup battery will not work. The symbol is flush-
ing.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Less then
10% capacity is available. Altimeter can shut off
anytime. The symbol is flushing.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Less then
30% capacity is available.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Less then
70% capacity is available.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Between
70% – 100% capacity is available.
A flashing arrow indicates that the backup battery
is being charged. Capacity symbols are the same as
above.
Small green rectangle - battery is fully charged and
it is in stand-by mode.
18 © Kanardia 2015-2018