Kanardia INDU ALTIMETER User manual

INDU ALTIMETER
Manual
©Kanardia d.o.o.
September 2020
Revision 1.7

Altimeter — Manual
Contact Information
Publisher and producer:
Kanardia d.o.o.
Lopata 24a
SI-3000
Slovenia
Tel: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
A lot of useful and recent information can be also found on the In-
ternet. See http://www.kanardia.eu for more details.
Copyright
This document is published under the Creative Commons, Attribution-
ShareAlike 3.0 Unported licence. Full license is available on http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode web page
and a bit more human readable summary is given on
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. In short, the
license gives you right to copy, reproduce and modify this document
if:
•you cite Kanardia d.o.o. as the author of the original work,
•you distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar
license to this one.
Credits
This document was written using TeX Live (L
A
T
EX) based document
creation system using Kile running on Linux operating system. Most
1©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual
of the figures were drawn using Open Office Draw, Inkscape and
QCad applications. Photos and scanned material was processed using
Gimp. All document sources are freely available on request under the
licence mentioned above and can be obtained by email. Please send
requests to [e-mail].
WEEE Statement
Disposal of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment.
This electrical item cannot be disposed of in normal
waste. Check with your local authority for kerbside
collection, or recycle them at a recycling centre.
EU Battery Directive
This statement applies only for Altimeter which is
equipped with integrated backup battery.
This product contains a battery that is used to provide
power when the primary source of power is unavailable
and is designed to last the life of the product. Any
attempt to service or replace this battery should be
preformed by a qualified service tehnician.
2©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual
Revision History
The following table shows the revision history of this document.
Rev. Date Description
1.0 Feb 2015 Initial release
1.1 Oct 2015 Altitude model is extended up to 20000 m.
1.2 Dec 2015 Procedure for QNH toggle and IAS auto zero.
1.3 Mar 2016 Procedure for Illumination wheel activation.
1.4 Jul 2017 Backup battery option.
1.5 Aug 2018 Illumination with push button models.
1.6 Jul 2020 Instrument pictures update.
1.7 Sep 2020 A section for the slave instruments was added.
3©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual CONTENTS
Contents
1 Introduction 6
1.1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2 Technical Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3 Options ......................... 9
1.3.1 Scale Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.3.2 Display ..................... 10
1.3.3 Backup Battery Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2 Installation 11
2.1 Mounting & Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2 Connections....................... 13
2.2.1 Static Pressure - Pst .............. 14
2.2.2 CAN Bus - CAN ................. 14
2.2.3 Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2.4 Power - POWER .................. 15
2.2.5 Green 6-Pin Connector - Backup Battery . . . 16
3 Adjustments 16
3.1 Altitude Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.4 Toggle Illumination Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4 Maintenance & Repair 19
5 Troubleshooting 20
5.1 Freeze During Engine Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
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Altimeter — Manual CONTENTS
6 Sensor Calibration 21
6.1 Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.2 Pressure Altitude Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.3 Altitude Derivative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7 Backup Battery 23
7.1 Symbols ......................... 23
7.2 Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.3 CapacityTest...................... 24
7.4 Connection Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.4.1 Solution With One Switch . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.4.2 Solution with Two Switches . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.5 CAN Bus Power Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8 Slave Version 27
9 Limited Conditions 28
9.1 Warranty ........................ 28
9.2 TSO Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 1. Introduction
1 Introduction
First of all, we would like to thank you for purchasing our device.
Indu Altimeter is an electronic device, which mimics classical altime-
ter construction and combines it with the state of the art electronics.
This results in the best of both worlds; a perfect and intuitive ana-
logue reading combined with high precision of modern electronics.
This manual describes the technical description of the unit, installa-
tion and operation.
CAUTION: Indu Altimeter is not TSO approved as a flight
instrument.
1.1 General Description
Indu Altimeter is an electromechanical device. It consist of high
precision electronic barometric sensor, which provides static pressure
information in digital form. The electronics reads the sensor and
drives two coaxial stepper motors turning one needle each. The pres-
sure information is also shown on a colour LCD display. A rotating
push knob is used to adjust the barometricoffset (aka QNH value)
and to adjust LCD display brightness1. When connected to a CAN
bus Indu Altimeter outputs pressure information. An optional dim
knob can be connected to the device and it is used to adjust the
brightness of the screen.
80 mm’s display is divided linearly in 360◦scale. The long pointer is
working in 1000 m (feet) per revolution with the 20 m markings (20
1Older models do not have push knob and a separate external knob is needed
to adjust the brightness.
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Altimeter — Manual 1.2 Technical Specification
feet). The short pointer is working in 10000 m (feet) per revolution
with 200 m markings (200 feet).
57 mm has a single pointer and a scale with 500 m (feet) markings.
Optionally, the 80 mm Indu Altimeter can be equipped with inte-
grated backup battery.
(a) 57 mm
(b) 80 mm
Figure 1: Front and side view with its principal dimensions.
1.2 Technical Specification
Table 1 shows some basic technical specification of Indu Altimeter.
7©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 1.2 Technical Specification
When the instrument is equipped with a backup battery, some spec-
ifications from the table 1 are different and correct specifications are
listed in table 2 on page 9.
Description Value
Altitude range -500 ∼16000 m, (-1500 ∼50000
ft )
Sensor calibration standard: -500 ∼6000 m
extended: -500 ∼16000 m
Weight 57 mm: 180 g
80 mm: 240 g
Size 57 mm: 62 x 62 x 45 (64 with con-
nectors) mm
80 mm: 82 x 82 x 55 (74 with con-
nectors) mm
Operational voltage 6 ∼32 V
Power consumption 1.44 W
Current 120 mA at 12 V
60 mA at 24 V
Operating temperature -20 ∼+60 ◦C
Storage temperature -30 ∼+85 ◦C
Humidity 30 ∼90 %, non condensing
Barometric sensor 24 bit, 10 ∼1200 hPa, 20 cm res-
olution
QNH range 590 ∼1080 hPa, (17.42 ∼31.89
inHg)
Internal logger storage more than 50 h, 1 sinterval
Communication CAN bus, 29 bit header, 500 kbit,
Kanardia protocol
Table 1: Basic technical specifications.
8©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 1.3 Options
Description Value
Weight 305 g
Power consumption 3.84 W(when charging)
Current 320 mA at 12 V(when charging)
160 mA at 24 V(when charging)
Operating temperature -10 ∼+50 ◦C
Storage temperature -30 ∼+60 ◦C
Backup battery Lithium iron phosphate (3.3 V)
Charging time from 0 to 100 % 2 h30 min
Backup time 1 h30 min (Altimeter only)
Backup time 40 min (150 mA load on CAN bus)
Max backup power output 150 mA at 12 V(to CAN bus)
Table 2: Technical specifications for Indu Altimeter with backup bat-
tery. For the rest of the specifications see Table 1.
1.3 Options
Indu Altimeter comes in a few variants regarding scale and backup
battery. LCD display can have options, too.
1.3.1 Scale Options
The instrument can be delivered with two different scales. One scale
is in feet and the other scale is in meters.
The scale must be specified at the time of order.
The QNH (baro-correction) units are also optional. You can choose
between:
•hPa in the range of (590 – 1080) with one hPa step.
•inHg in the range of (17.42 – 31.89) with 0.01 inHg step.
9©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 1.3 Options
Baro correction units can be changed by user. Please refer to section
3.3 on page 18.
1.3.2 Display
In standard configuration, LCD display shows three parameters. See
the front page photo.
•Flight level is shown on top left corner,
•altitude is shown on top right and
•QNH value is shown on bottom.
In the case of backup battery, battery status is shown in far top right
corner.
If you want a different LCD display layout, you can configure it your-
self with our Customizer desktop application. This option requires
Kanardia’s Blu device for transfering the configuration from your
android device to your Indu Altimeter. Please read our Customizer
Manual for more information.
1.3.3 Backup Battery Option
Optionally, Indu Altimeter can be equipped with integrated backup
battery. If the main power is switched off, the instrument obtains
power from internal battery for a limited time. In addition, the
backup battery in Indu Altimeter can supply power for one low power
external device, like Indu Airspeed Indicator.
The backup battery option must be specified at the time of order.
You can’t upgrade the instrument with this option without sending
it back to factory.
10 ©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 2. Installation
2 Installation
Indu Altimeter requires a standard size 57/80 mm hole in the instru-
ment panel. The position of the hole must ensure good access to the
instrument for the QNH adjustments and it must be always visible
from the pilot’s perspective.
2.1 Mounting & Dimensions
The mounting screw holes are located on a circle of 66.5/89 mm
diameter. The instrument is mounted using three screws type M4.
To prevent internal stresses, please make sure that the instrument
panel is flat.
Remove the mounting screws from the instrument and then remove
the knob. Use finger nail or sharp knife to remove the cap from
the knob, but be careful not to cut the cup away. Once the cap is
removed, use flat screwdriver and loosen the screw. Slide the knob
from its axle. Figure 2 shows an example of the knob with its cap
removed.
Figure 2: Photo of the knob with its cap removed.
It is highly recommended that the instrument panel is mounted using
rubber shocks, which reduce the vibrations. Figure 3 illustrates the
mounting hole.
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Altimeter — Manual 2.1 Mounting & Dimensions
(a) 57 mm
(b) 80 mm
Figure 3: Instrument panel cutout and mounting hole. Note: Figure
is not in scale.
12 ©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
2.2 Connections
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate all connections at the backside of the in-
struments.
Figure 4: Back view of the 57 mm instrument with connections.
(a) Standard 80 mm model. (b) 80 mm model with backup.
Figure 5: Back view of the 80 mm instrument with connections.
13 ©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
2.2.1 Static Pressure - Pst
Indu Altimeter must be connected to the static pressure source.
Static pressure source is usually obtained from pressure sources lo-
cated on the fuselage side surfaces or from the static port on the pitot
tube.
Locate the existing tube, cut it at an appropriate place and insert a
T junction. Install a new tube from junction to the instrument.
It is highly recommended to keep the static tubing as short as pos-
sible. The tubing must avoid sharp bends and twists. The tubing
must be airtight. Water must not be allowed to enter the tubing.
It is strongly recommended to label each tube before connecting to
Indu Altimeter. This will help a lot if you ever have to remove and
re-install the instrument.
2.2.2 CAN Bus - CAN
Connection to the CAN bus is optional and is not required for the
normal operation.
Use standard RJ45 ethernet cable to connect it with other Kanardia
equipment.
When connected to the bus, Indu Altimeter will transmit altitude,
QNH and vario to other units connected to the bus. At the same time
it will serve as a data logger - it will log most of relevant information
provided on the bus.
Please note that CAN bus must be terminated. Typically, this means
that one of the connecting instruments must have a terminator plug
installed.
In addition, Indu Altimeter also provides limited power (about 1 A
at 12 V) for devices connected on the CAN bus. For example: to
power a slave Indu Vertical Speed Indicator you can connect it to
your Indu Altimeter via CAN bus.
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Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
Altimeters equipped with backup battery have slightly different CAN
bus connectors. In this case only one connector provides output
power, while the second one does not. Connector that provides power
is marked with red CAN label. A device connected to this connector
will also get backup power from Indu Altimeter in the case of main
power bus failure. This backup power is limited to 150 mA at 12 V,
which typically allows connection of one other Indu instrument.
2.2.3 Illumination
LCD display brightness level can be adjusted. Here are two options:
new instruments have a push-rotate knob, while older instruments
have only rotating knob. When Indu Altimeter is connected to the
CAN bus, the knob adjusts brightness of all instruments connected
to the bus.
On instruments with a push knob, simply push the knob, adjust the
brightness and push the knob once more.
For instruments with only rotation knob, an optional external il-
lumination knob can be connected to the back of the instrument.
Illumination knob part number is I-ALT-ILLUM and it must be or-
dered separately. Please refer also to section 3.4 on page 19 for the
activation procedure.
2.2.4 Power - POWER
Connect supplied connector at the back of Indu Altimeter. The con-
nector has a notch on one side, which protects from wrong orienta-
tion.
Connect blue lead to negative (ground) terminal and red lead to
positive (+12-24 V) terminal.
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Altimeter — Manual 3. Adjustments
2.2.5 Green 6-Pin Connector - Backup Battery
This connector is used only with the backup battery option. Out of
6 pins, only pin 1 and pin 2 are in use and pins 3-6 are not used.
When pins 1 and 2 are connected together (shorted), then the backup
battery circuit is active. Please refer to section 7.4 on page 25 for
more details.
3 Adjustments
The QNH knob is used to perform some adjustments of Indu Altime-
ter. In fact, this knob may be also used to adjust IAS, when such
instrument is connected to the CAN bus.
3.1 Altitude Adjustment - Static Sensor Offset
1020 →999 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →29.50 →29.91 for inHg.
A minor sensor offset may be required in order to adjust Indu Al-
timeter according to some other reference instrument. Please, follow
the steps given below in order to make the adjustment. A precise
reference instrument is needed in this procedure.
1. Set both the reference instrument and Indu Altimeter to 1013
hPa and compare the readings. Write down the altitude shown
by the reference.
2. Turn the knob on Indu Altimeter to indicate 1020 hPa (30.12
inHg) and wait for about 3 seconds for a short cyan line to
appear on the top of LCD display.
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Altimeter — Manual 3.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero
3. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 999 hPa (29.50 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears on the top. You must
reach 999 hPa before cyan line disappears.
4. Turn the knob to select 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) and wait for a
moment. Again, you have to reach this value before cyan line
disappears.
5. Now a full cyan line appears and the LCD display is slightly
altered. It shows the offset and the altitude. Turn the knob
until Indu Altimeter shows the same altitude as the reference
altimeter. Wait for cyan line to disappear.
This completes the sensor offset procedure.
3.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero
1020 →1030 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →30.42 →29.91 for inHg.
In special situations, when altimeter and airspeed indicator are con-
nected with the CAN bus, you can use altimeter to issue zero cal-
ibration command on the airspeed indicator. Normaly, this is not
needed. You should issue this command only, if airspeed indicator
shows significant offset during pitostatic test.
When airspeed indicator receives such command, it changes offset of
the internal pressure sensor so that it shows true zero afterwards.
Important: Please make sure that aeroplane is either inside hangar
or there is absolutely no wind and that pitot tube is not covered.
Failing to do so may result in wrong offset and it may worsen airspeed
precision.
The procedure is as follows:
17 ©Kanardia 2015-2020

Altimeter — Manual 3.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg
1. Turn QNH until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait for
about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top of
LCD display.
2. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 1030 hPa (30.42 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the pro-
cedure. Cyan line disappears and no other visual feedback is
shown on either indicator.
3.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg
1020 →1025 →1013 for hPa or 30.12 →30.27 →29.91 for inHg.
Part of the LCD display is also a QNH value. This value can be
shown in hPa or in inHg units. You can change the units using next
procedure:
1. Turn the knob until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait
for about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top
of LCD display.
2. Quickly turn the knob to indicate 1025 hPa (30.27 inHg). A
moment later a longer cyan line appears.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the proce-
dure. Observe the units and values next to QNH. They changed
from hPa to inHg and vice versa.
18 ©Kanardia 2015-2020