Keithley 2701 User manual

*P2701-900-01G*
2701-900-01G
AGreater Measure of Confidence
www.tek.com.keithley
Model 2701 Ethernet-Based
DMM / Data Acquisition
System
User’s Manual
2701-900-01 Rev.G / February 2016

Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System
User’s Manual
©2002-2016, Keithley Instruments
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Document Number: 2701-900-01 Rev. F / February 2016
2701-900-01.book Page 1 Wednesday, August 3, 2011 9:43 AM

04/09
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation.
Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are
situations where hazardous conditions may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety
precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance
information carefully before using the product. Refer to the user documentation for complete product specifications.
If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring
that the equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are
adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper
use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example,
setting the line voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the user
documentation. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be
performed only by service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only properly
trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that are rated Measurement Category I
and Measurement Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC
60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly
connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Measurement Category II
connections require protection for high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC mains connections.
Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless
otherwise marked or described in the user documentation.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks
or test fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage
levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous
voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that
operators are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be
exposed to potential human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect
Safety Precautions
2701-900-01.book Page 1 Wednesday, August 3, 2011 9:43 AM

themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000V, no conductive part
of the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance-
limited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards,
install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is connected to a properly-grounded power receptacle.
Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate
main input power disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of
the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the
circuit under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before:
connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes,
such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line
(earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of
withstanding the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions, or
the safety of the equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and
operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground
connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation
requires the use of a lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation.
The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of danger. The user should refer to the operating instructions
located in the user documentation in all cases where the symbol is marked on the instrument.
The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of danger. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal
contact with these voltages.
The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.
The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.
If this symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please note that the lamp
must be properly disposed of according to federal, state, and local laws.
!
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The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death.
Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading in the user documentation explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such
damage may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits - including the power
transformer, test leads, and input jacks - must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses with
applicable national safety approvals may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are
not safety-related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component
(note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and
functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley
Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water-based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do
not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist
of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never
require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected,
the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
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Section Topic Page
1 Getting Started ....................................................................................... 1-1
General information.................................................................................... 1-2
Contact information.............................................................................. 1-2
Safety symbols and terms.................................................................... 1-2
Inspection............................................................................................. 1-2
Battery.................................................................................................. 1-3
Options and accessories...................................................................... 1-3
Model 2701 features................................................................................... 1-6
Plug-in switching modules.......................................................................... 1-7
Pseudocards........................................................................................ 1-7
Identifying installed switching modules ................................................ 1-7
Front and rear panel familiarization.................................................(QS1) 1-10
Front panel summary ......................................................................... 1-10
Rear panel summary.......................................................................... 1-13
Power-up .........................................................................................(QS2) 1-15
Line power connection....................................................................... 1-15
Line frequency.................................................................................... 1-16
Setting line voltage and replacing fuse............................................... 1-16
Power-up sequence ........................................................................... 1-17
Keyclick.............................................................................................. 1-19
Display...................................................................................................... 1-19
Status and error messages ................................................................ 1-19
Remote programming — display........................................................ 1-19
Defaults and user setups.......................................................................... 1-21
Saving and restoring setups............................................................... 1-21
Remote programming — default and user setups.............................. 1-26
Remote programming information............................................................ 1-27
Quick start exercises ......................................................................(QS3) 1-28
Basic DMM measurements — front panel inputs............................... 1-29
Closing and opening channels — system channel operation ............ 1-31
Simple scanning................................................................................. 1-35
Trigger and return readings — remote programming......................... 1-38
2 Closing and Opening Switching Module Channels ...................... 2-1
Close/open overview .................................................................................. 2-2
Switching module installation and connections .......................................... 2-4
Module installation................................................................................ 2-4
Table of Contents
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Table of Contents Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System
ii
Connections.......................................................................................... 2-5
Pseudocards......................................................................................... 2-6
Channel assignments.................................................................................. 2-6
System channel operation........................................................................... 2-7
2-wire functions..................................................................................... 2-8
4-wire functions (paired channels)........................................................ 2-9
Controlling the system channel........................................................... 2-10
Non-amp and non-measure switching modules ................................. 2-14
Multiple channel operation ........................................................................ 2-16
Controlling multiple channels.............................................................. 2-17
Multiple channel operation anomalies ................................................ 2-22
Dual independent multiplexers ........................................................... 2-24
Identifying installed modules and viewing closed
channels.................................................................................................... 2-30
CARD menu........................................................................................ 2-30
Switching module queries (remote operation) .................................... 2-32
Relay closure count................................................................................... 2-34
Reading relay closure count ............................................................... 2-35
Setting count update interval .............................................................. 2-35
Model 7700 switching module................................................................... 2-36
Switching module capabilities............................................................. 2-36
Schematic diagram............................................................................. 2-37
3 Basic DMM Operation ........................................................................... 3-1
DMM measurement capabilities.................................................................. 3-2
High energy circuit safety precautions ........................................................ 3-3
Performance considerations........................................................................ 3-4
Warm-up............................................................................................... 3-4
Autozero ............................................................................................... 3-4
LSYNC (line cycle synchronization)...................................................... 3-5
Remote programming — autozero and LSYNC................................... 3-6
Channel list parameter (<clist>) .................................................................. 3-7
Voltage measurements (DCV and ACV)..................................................... 3-8
DCV input divider.................................................................................. 3-8
Connections.......................................................................................... 3-8
Volts measurement procedure............................................................ 3-11
AC voltage measurements and crest factor........................................ 3-12
Low level considerations..................................................................... 3-15
Current measurements (DCI and ACI)...................................................... 3-17
Connections........................................................................................ 3-17
Amps measurement procedure .......................................................... 3-18
AMPS fuse replacement (front panel AMPS input)............................. 3-19
Resistance measurements (Ω2 and Ω4).................................................... 3-20
Connections........................................................................................ 3-20
Standard resistance measurements ................................................... 3-23
Offset-compensated ohms.................................................................. 3-24
Measurement methods....................................................................... 3-25
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Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System Table of Contents
iii
4-wire common-side (CSID) ohms measurements (7701 module) .... 3-32
Temperature measurements..................................................................... 3-33
Thermocouples................................................................................... 3-33
Thermistors ........................................................................................ 3-36
4-wire RTDs........................................................................................ 3-37
Connections ....................................................................................... 3-38
Temperature measurement configuration........................................... 3-42
Temperature measurement procedure............................................... 3-45
Frequency and period measurements...................................................... 3-46
Trigger level........................................................................................ 3-46
Gate time............................................................................................ 3-46
Connections ....................................................................................... 3-47
Frequency and period measurement procedure ................................ 3-48
Continuity testing ...................................................................................... 3-48
Connections ....................................................................................... 3-49
Continuity testing procedure............................................................... 3-50
Remote programming for basic measurements........................................ 3-51
Basic measurement commands......................................................... 3-51
Basic measurement programming examples..................................... 3-57
Measurement queries............................................................................... 3-58
:FETCh?............................................................................................. 3-58
:READ? .............................................................................................. 3-59
:MEASure[:<function>]? ..................................................................... 3-60
[:SENSe[1]]:DATA:FRESh?................................................................ 3-60
[:SENSe[1]]:DATA[:LATest]?............................................................... 3-61
Examples............................................................................................ 3-61
4 Range, Digits, Rate, Bandwidth, and Filter...................................... 4-1
Range ......................................................................................................... 4-2
Measurement ranges and maximum readings..................................... 4-2
Manual ranging..................................................................................... 4-3
Auto ranging......................................................................................... 4-3
Scanning .............................................................................................. 4-3
Remote programming — range............................................................ 4-4
Digits........................................................................................................... 4-6
Scanning .............................................................................................. 4-6
Remote programming — digits............................................................. 4-6
Rate and bandwidth.................................................................................... 4-8
Rate...................................................................................................... 4-8
Bandwidth........................................................................................... 4-10
Scanning ............................................................................................ 4-10
Remote programming — rate and bandwidth..................................... 4-11
Filter.......................................................................................................... 4-14
Filter characteristics .......................................................................... 4-14
Remote programming — filter ............................................................ 4-20
5 Relative, Math, Ratio, Channel Average, and dB ........................... 5-1
Relative....................................................................................................... 5-2
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Table of Contents Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System
iv
Basic operation..................................................................................... 5-2
Remote programming — rel ................................................................. 5-4
Math ............................................................................................................ 5-7
mX+b .................................................................................................... 5-8
Percent ................................................................................................. 5-9
Reciprocal (1/X).................................................................................. 5-10
Basic operation................................................................................... 5-11
Remote programming — math ........................................................... 5-12
Ratio and channel average ....................................................................... 5-15
Basic operation................................................................................... 5-16
Remote programming — ratio and channel average.......................... 5-18
dB.............................................................................................................. 5-20
Remote programming — dB............................................................... 5-20
6 Buffer......................................................................................................... 6-1
Buffer overview............................................................................................ 6-2
Front panel buffer........................................................................................ 6-2
Auto clear.............................................................................................. 6-2
Timestamps .......................................................................................... 6-4
Storing readings.................................................................................... 6-5
Recalling readings................................................................................ 6-6
Buffer statistics...................................................................................... 6-7
Remote programming — buffer................................................................... 6-8
Buffer commands.................................................................................. 6-8
Programming example........................................................................ 6-15
7 Scanning................................................................................................... 7-1
Scanning fundamentals............................................................................... 7-2
Channel assignments ........................................................................... 7-3
Sequential and non-sequential scans................................................... 7-3
Scan process........................................................................................ 7-4
Trigger models...................................................................................... 7-4
Scan configuration..................................................................................... 7-11
Scan reset........................................................................................... 7-13
Simple scan........................................................................................ 7-13
Advanced scan ................................................................................... 7-14
Setting delay....................................................................................... 7-18
Monitor channel.................................................................................. 7-18
Auto channel configuration................................................................. 7-20
Saving setup....................................................................................... 7-21
Auto scan............................................................................................ 7-21
Scan operation.......................................................................................... 7-21
Basic scan .......................................................................................... 7-22
Manual/external trigger scan .............................................................. 7-23
Monitor scan (analog trigger).............................................................. 7-24
Remote programming — scanning............................................................ 7-26
Trigger model...................................................................................... 7-26
Channel setup..................................................................................... 7-27
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Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System Table of Contents
v
Buffer.................................................................................................. 7-27
Scanning commands.......................................................................... 7-27
Scanning programming example........................................................ 7-32
Scanning examples................................................................................... 7-32
External trigger scan .......................................................................... 7-32
Monitor scan....................................................................................... 7-35
8 Triggering................................................................................................. 8-1
Trigger model.............................................................................................. 8-2
Idle........................................................................................................ 8-2
Control source and event detection...................................................... 8-3
Delay (auto or manual)......................................................................... 8-3
Device action........................................................................................ 8-5
Output trigger ....................................................................................... 8-5
Reading hold (autosettle)............................................................................ 8-6
Hold example ....................................................................................... 8-6
External triggering....................................................................................... 8-7
Digital I/O.............................................................................................. 8-8
External trigger..................................................................................... 8-8
Voltmeter complete............................................................................. 8-10
External triggering example................................................................ 8-11
External triggering with BNC connections.......................................... 8-14
Remote programming – triggering............................................................ 8-16
Trigger model (remote operation)....................................................... 8-16
Trigger model operation ..................................................................... 8-18
Triggering commands......................................................................... 8-19
Programming example ....................................................................... 8-20
9 Limits and Digital I/O............................................................................. 9-1
Limits........................................................................................................... 9-2
Scanning .............................................................................................. 9-4
Basic limits operation............................................................................ 9-4
Digital I/O.................................................................................................... 9-5
Digital input (trigger link input).............................................................. 9-5
Digital outputs....................................................................................... 9-6
Setting digital output........................................................................... 9-10
Scanning ............................................................................................ 9-11
Remote programing — limits and digital output........................................ 9-12
Limits and digital output commands................................................... 9-12
Limits and digital outputs programming example ............................... 9-14
Application — sorting resistors ................................................................. 9-14
Limits.................................................................................................. 9-14
Digital outputs..................................................................................... 9-17
10 Remote Operations ............................................................................. 10-1
Operation enhancements.......................................................................... 10-2
Pseudocards ...................................................................................... 10-2
Autozero............................................................................................. 10-2
dB calculation..................................................................................... 10-2
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Table of Contents Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System
vi
Separate function setups.................................................................... 10-3
DCV input divider................................................................................ 10-3
Multiple channel operation.................................................................. 10-3
System commands.................................................................................... 10-3
Interface.............................................................................................. 10-3
Password............................................................................................ 10-4
Battery ................................................................................................ 10-5
Miscellaneous system commands...................................................... 10-6
Ethernet setup........................................................................................... 10-7
Ethernet standards ............................................................................. 10-7
Typical Ethernet systems.................................................................... 10-7
Ethernet connections........................................................................ 10-10
Ethernet settings............................................................................... 10-12
Internal web page.................................................................................... 10-16
Opening the web page...................................................................... 10-16
Front panel aspects of Ethernet operation .............................................. 10-20
Error and status messages............................................................... 10-20
Status indicators ............................................................................... 10-20
LOCAL key ....................................................................................... 10-20
Programming syntax ............................................................................... 10-21
Command words............................................................................... 10-21
Query commands ............................................................................. 10-23
Case sensitivity................................................................................. 10-23
Long-form and short-form versions................................................... 10-23
Short-form rules................................................................................ 10-24
Program messages........................................................................... 10-24
Response messages........................................................................ 10-27
Message exchange protocol............................................................. 10-27
RS-232 interface operation ..................................................................... 10-28
Sending and receiving data.............................................................. 10-28
Baud rate.......................................................................................... 10-28
Signal handshaking (flow control)..................................................... 10-29
Terminator......................................................................................... 10-30
Selecting and configuring RS-232 interface ..................................... 10-30
RS-232 connections ......................................................................... 10-32
Error messages ................................................................................ 10-33
11 Status Structure.................................................................................... 11-1
Overview ................................................................................................... 11-2
Status byte and SRQ.......................................................................... 11-2
Status register sets............................................................................. 11-2
Queues............................................................................................... 11-2
Clearing registers and queues .................................................................. 11-4
Programming and reading registers.......................................................... 11-5
Programming enable registers............................................................ 11-5
Reading registers............................................................................... 11-7
Status byte and service request (SRQ)..................................................... 11-8
Status byte register............................................................................. 11-8
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Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System Table of Contents
vii
Service request enable register.......................................................... 11-9
Status byte and service request commands..................................... 11-10
Status register sets ................................................................................. 11-10
Register bit descriptions.................................................................... 11-11
Condition registers ........................................................................... 11-17
Event registers ................................................................................. 11-18
Event enable registers...................................................................... 11-18
Queues ................................................................................................... 11-22
Output queue.................................................................................... 11-22
Error queue ...................................................................................... 11-22
12 Common Commands.......................................................................... 12-1
13 SCPI Signal Oriented Measurement Commands......................... 13-1
CONFigure:<function> [<rang>], [<res>], [<clist>]................................... 13-4
FETCh?..................................................................................................... 13-6
READ?...................................................................................................... 13-7
MEASure:<function>? [<rang>], [<res>], [<clist>].................................... 13-8
14 FORMat and Miscellaneous SYSTem Commands....................... 14-1
FORMat commands.................................................................................. 14-2
FORMat:ELEMents <item list>.......................................................... 14-2
Miscellaneous SYSTem commands.......................................................... 14-4
SYSTem:PRESet................................................................................ 14-4
SYSTem:VERSion.............................................................................. 14-4
SYSTem:KEY <NRf>......................................................................... 14-4
SYSTem:BEEPer[:STATe] <b>......................................................... 14-5
15 SCPI Reference Tables....................................................................... 15-1
Reference tables....................................................................................... 15-2
Model 2701 Ethernet / Data Acquisition System......................................... A-2
Model 7700 20-Channel Differential Multiplexer......................................... A-6
Accuracy calculations ................................................................................. A-7
Calculating DC characteristics accuracy.............................................. A-7
Calculating AC characteristics accuracy .............................................. A-7
Calculating dBm characteristics accuracy............................................ A-8
Calculating dB characteristics accuracy............................................... A-9
Additional derating factors.................................................................... A-9
Optimizing measurement accuracy........................................................... A-10
DC voltage, DC current, and resistance:............................................ A-10
AC voltage and AC current:................................................................ A-10
Temperature: ...................................................................................... A-10
Optimizing measurement speed............................................................... A-10
DC voltage, DC current, and resistance:............................................ A-10
AC voltage and AC current:................................................................ A-10
Temperature: ...................................................................................... A-10
B Model 7700 Connection Guide ........................................................... B-1
Card configuration — schematic................................................................. B-2
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Table of Contents Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System
viii
Connections and wiring.............................................................................. B-4
Screw terminals................................................................................... B-4
Wiring procedure ................................................................................. B-6
Typical connections ............................................................................. B-8
Connection log................................................................................... B-10
C Status and Error Messages ................................................................ C-1
D Signal Processing Sequence and Data Flow ................................. D-1
Signal processing sequence ...................................................................... D-2
Basic signal processing ....................................................................... D-2
Signal processing using instrument features....................................... D-3
Signal processing using Ratio or Ch Avg............................................. D-6
Data flow (remote operation)...................................................................... D-7
SENSe and sample buffer ................................................................... D-8
[SENS[1]]:DATA[LATest]? .................................................................... D-9
[SENS[1]]:DATA:FRESh? .................................................................... D-9
FETCh? ............................................................................................. D-10
READ?............................................................................................... D-10
MEASure? ......................................................................................... D-10
CALC[1]:DATA[LATest]? .................................................................... D-10
CALC[1]:DATA:FRESh?..................................................................... D-10
CALC3:LIM1:FAIL?............................................................................ D-11
CALC3:LIM2:FAIL?............................................................................ D-11
TRACe:DATA?................................................................................... D-11
CALC2:IMM? ..................................................................................... D-12
CALC2:IMM ....................................................................................... D-12
CALC2:DATA?................................................................................... D-12
Continuous measurement mode........................................................ D-12
Scanning............................................................................................ D-13
E Measurement Considerations............................................................ E-1
Measurement considerations..................................................................... E-2
Thermoelectric potentials..................................................................... E-2
Thermoelectric generation................................................................... E-3
Minimizing thermal EMFs .................................................................... E-4
Source resistance noise ...................................................................... E-5
Magnetic fields..................................................................................... E-6
Radio frequency interference............................................................... E-6
Ground loops ....................................................................................... E-7
Shielding.............................................................................................. E-9
Meter loading..................................................................................... E-10
F Temperature Equations ....................................................................... F-1
Thermocouple equation.............................................................................. F-2
Thermistor equation ................................................................................... F-6
RTD equations ........................................................................................... F-8
G KE2700 Instrument Driver Examples....... G-1
Introduction................................................................................................. G-2
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Model 2701 Ethernet-Based DMM / Data Acquisition System Table of Contents
ix
Visual Basic and CVI (C) examples........................................................... G-2
LabVIEW examples ................................................................................. G-12
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1
GettingStarted
Quick Start — Of the following section topics, three can be used immediately to quickly
acquaint yourself with fundamental instrument operations. Use QS1 to familiarize your-
self with front panel controls, use QS2 to power-up the instrument, and finally, use QS3 to
perform exercises to operate the instrument.
•General information — Covers general information that includes contact infor-
mation, safety symbols and terms, inspection, and available options and accesso-
ries.
•Model 2701 features — Summarizes the features of Model 2701.
•Plug-in switching modules — Summarizes the capabilities of the Keithley
Model 77xx series switching modules.
QS1 • Front and rear panel familiarization — Summarizes the controls and connectors
of the instrument.
•Rack mounting — Covers the options available for rack mounting the Model
2701 in a standard 19-inch rack.
QS2 • Power-up — Covers line power connection, line voltage setting, fuse replacement,
power line frequency, and the power-up sequence.
•Display — Provides information about the display of the Model 2701.
•Defaults and user setups — Lists the *RST and factory default settings, and cov-
ers the three setup configurations available to the user.
•Remote programming information — Explains how SCPI commands are pre-
sented in this manual.
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1-2 Getting Started Model 2701 User’s Manual
QS3 • Quick start exercises — Provides abbreviated operating information and exer-
cises (front panel and remote programming) to acquaint a user with operation
basics.
General information
Contact information
Worldwide phone numbers are listed at the front of this manual. If you have any questions,
please contact your local Keithley representative or call a Keithley Application Engineer
at 1-800-348-3735 (U.S. and Canada only).
Safety symbols and terms
The following symbols and terms may be found on the instrument or used in this manual:
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating
instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on the instrument shows that high voltage may be present on the termi-
nal(s). Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The WARNING heading used in this manual explains dangers that might result in
personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before
performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains hazards that could damage the
instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Inspection
Model 2701 was carefully inspected electrically and mechanically before shipment. After
unpacking all items from the shipping carton, check for any obvious signs of physical
damage that may have occurred during transit. (There may be a protective film over the
display lens, which can be removed). Report any damage to the shipping agent immedi-
ately. Save the original packing carton for possible future shipment. The following items
are included with every Model 2701 order:
• Model 2701 with line cord.
•Safety test leads (Model 1751).
•Accessories as ordered.
•Hardware for rack mounting.
•Certificate of calibration.
!
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Model 2701 User’s Manual Getting Started 1-3
•Model 2701 User's Manual - PDF on CD-ROM.
•Model 2701 Instrument networking Instruction Manual - PDF on
CD-ROM.
•Model 2700S Quick Start Guide.
• Ethernet cross over cable (3-meters in length).
NOTE The Model 2701 Service Manual isa separate purchased part. Contact
Keithley’s Service Department to order this manual.
Battery
The Model 2701 uses battery-backed memory for the 450,000 reading buffer. A fully
charged battery will maintain storage of readings for 30 days (at 23°C). At 50°C, the
storage period is degraded to approximately 15 days. See Appendix Afor specifications
on the rechargeable lithium ion battery.
The battery is warranted for 90 days. However, at 23°C, the battery will typically last three
years. See Section 3 of the Model 2701 Service Manual to replace the battery. The
Keithley part number for the battery is BA-52.
Options and accessories
Plug-in switching modules
NOTE Table1-1 provides a side-by-side comparison of the following Keithley
switchinging modules. All multiplexer modules can be configured as two independent
multiplexers.
NOTE The Model 77xx Series Switching Modules Instruction Manual provides operating
and service information for the switching modules. This manual is supplied
with each switching module.
Model 7700 — This differential multiplexer provides 20 channels of 2-pole input or 10
channels of 4-pole input. The internal cold junction allows direct-connection of
thermocouples. It also has two 2-pole channels used exclusively for current input.
Model 7701 — This differential multiplexer provides 32 channels of 2-pole input or 16
channels of 4-pole input.
Model 7702 — This differential multiplexer provides 40 channels of 2-pole input or
20 channels of 4-pole input. It also has two 2-pole channels used exclusively for current
input.
Model 7703 — This differential multiplexer provides 32 channels of 2-pole input or
16 channels of 4-pole input.
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1-4 Getting Started Model 2701 User’s Manual
Model 7705 — This control module provides 40 independent 1-pole switching (SPST)
channels that are isolated from the internal DMM.
Model 7706 — This all-in-one module provides 20/10 channels of 2/4-pole input,
16 digital outputs, two analog outputs, and one 32-bit counter with gating and totalizer.
Model 7707 — This module provides 10 channels of 2-pole input or 5 channels of 4-pole
input. Also provides four independent 8-byte digital I/O channels.
Model 7708 — This differential multiplexer provides 40 channels of 2-pole input or
20 channels of 4-pole input. The internal cold junction allows direct-connection of
thermocouples for temperature measurements.
Model 7709 — This module is configured as a 6 ×8 matrix (six rows, eight columns).
The matrix consists of 48 crosspoint channels and two backplane isolation channels. For
system channel operation, row 1 (8 channels) is connected to DMM Input. For 4-wire
measurements, rows 1 and 2 (4 system channels) are connected to the DMM.
Model 7710 — This differential multiplexer provides 20 channels of 2-pole input or
10 channels of 4-pole input. The internal cold junction allows direct-connection of
thermocouples for temperature measurements. This module provides high-speed
switching and uses long-life relays.
Model 7711 — The Model 7711 is a 50Ω, 2GHz, single-pole dual 1 ×4 RF Multiplexer
module (eight channels, no measurement capability). This 1 ×4 multiplexer is a cascad-
ing tree design — one of the channels of each is always connected to a common out. It can
be used to connect one instrument to multiple devices or multiple instruments to a single
device.
Model 7712 — The Model 7712 is a 50Ω, 3.5GHz, single-pole dual 1 ×4 RF Multiplexer
module (eight channels, no measurement capability). This 1 ×4 multiplexer is a cascad-
ing tree design — one of the channels of each is always connected to a common out. It can
be used to connect one instrument to multiple devices or multiple instruments to a single
device.
Cables and connector kits for switching modules
Model 7788 DB-50 connector kit — Contains two male DB-50 solder cup connectors
with strain relief connector shells. These connectors mate to the female connectors of the
Models 7703 and 7705 switching modules.
Model 7789 50/25-pin solder cup connector kit — Contains one male DB-50 and one
male DB-25 solder cup connectors. These connectors mate to the female connectors on the
Models 7701 and 7709 switching modules.
Model 7790 ribbon cable adapter kit — Contains one female DB-50, one male DB-50,
and one male DB-25 IDC ribbon cable connectors. These connectors are used with the
Models 7701, 7707, and 7709 switching modules.
Model 7051-X — BNC cable (male to male). 7051-2 is 2 ft long, 7051-5 is 5 ft long, and
7051-10 is 10 ft long. These cable are used with the Model 7711 switching module.
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Model 2701 User’s Manual Getting Started 1-5
Model 7712-SMA-1 — SMA cable (male to male), 1.0m (3.3 ft) long. This cable is used
with the Models 7711 and 7712 switching modules.
Model 7712-SMA-N — Female SMA to male N-type adapter. This adapter isused with
the Models 7711 and 7712 switching modules.
S46-SMA-X — SMA cable (male to male). S46-SMA-1 is one foot long and
S46-SMA-0.5 is one-half foot long. This cable is used with the Models 7711 and 7712
switching modules.
Cables and adapters (Ethernet, RS-232, and trigger link)
Ethernet cross over cable (3 meters) — Keithley P/N CA-180-3.
Models 8501-1 and 8501-2 trigger link cables — Connect Model 2701 to other instru-
ments with Trigger Link connectors (e.g., Model 7002 Switch System). Model 8501-1 is
one meter long; Model 8501-2 is two meters long.
Model 8502 trigger link adapter — Lets you connect any of the two trigger link lines of
Model 2701 to instruments that use the standard BNC trigger connectors.
Model 8503 DIN to BNC trigger cable — Lets you connect trigger link lines one (Volt-
meter Complete) and one (External Trigger) of Model 2701 to instruments that use BNC
trigger connectors. Model 8503 is one meter long.
Model 7009-5 shielded RS-232 cable — Five foot RS-232 cable with a male DB-9 con-
nector on one end and a female DB-9 connector on the other end. Wired as a straight
through cable (not null modem).
Software
Control software and software drivers for the Model 2701 are available on the Keithley
website: www.tek.com/keithley.
2701-900-01.book Page 5 Wednesday, August 3, 2011 9:43 AM
Rack mount kits
Model 4288-1 single fixed rack mount kit — Mounts a single Model 2701 in a standard
19-inch rack.
Model 4288-2 side-by-side rack mount kit — Mounts two instruments (Models 182,
428, 486, 487, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2010, 2400, 2410, 2420, 2430, 2700, 2701, 6430,
6517A, 7001) side-by-side in a standard 19-inch rack.
Model 4288-4 side-by-side rack mount kit — Mounts Model 2701 and a 5.25-inch
instrument (Models 220, 224, 230, 263, 595, 614, 617, 775A, 6512) side-by-side in a
standard 19-inch rack.
Carrying case
Model 1050 padded carrying case — A carrying case for the Model 2701 includes
handles and shoulder strap.

1-6 Getting Started Model 2701 User’s Manual
Model 2701 features
Model 2701 is a 6½-digit high-performance multimeter/data acquisition system. It can
measure voltage (DC and AC), current (DC and AC), resistance (2- and 4-wire),
temperature (thermocouple, thermistor, and 4-wire RTD), frequency and period, and test
continuity.
The Model 2701 has two slots that will accommodate Keithley Model 7700 series switch-
ing modules (Table 1-1). Each channel of a switching module that is closed or scanned is
measured by the Model 2701. For scanning, each channel can have its own unique setup
(i.e., function, range, digits, etc.).
More information on the measurement capabilities of the Model 2701 is provided in
“DMM measurement capabilities,” page 3-2. A connection guide for the Model 7700 is
provided in Appendix B. Specifications for the Model 2701 and 7700 switching module
are provided in Appendix A.
Additional features of Model 2701 include:
•Setup storage — Seven instrument setups (five user, *RST defaults, and factory
defaults) can be saved and recalled.
•Offset-compensated ohms — A two-measurement process for 4-wire ohms to
cancel the effects of thermal EMFs. Available for the 100Ω, 1kΩ, and 10kΩranges.
•Math — mX+b, percent, and reciprocal (1/X) calculations provide mathematical
manipulation of readings.
•Relative — Null offsets or establish baseline values.
•Ratio and channel average — Ratio and average calculations for two switching
module channels.
•Buffer — Store up to 450,000 readings in the internal buffer.
2701-900-01.book Page 6 Wednesday, August 3, 2011 9:43 AM
•Limits — Twwo sets of high and low reading limits to test devices.
•Digital I/O port — Five digital limit test output lines to control external circuitry.
The digital trigger link and hardware interlock input can also be accessed at this
port.
•Monitor — The Model 2701 can monitor a selected channel. A scan can be trig-
gered to start when the Monitor detects a reached reading limit.
•Remote interface — Model 2701 can be controlled using the 10BaseT and
100BaseTX autosensing Ethernet or the RS-232 interface.