Kenwood TK-2302 User manual

.This product uses Lead Free solder.
This product complies with the RoHS directive for the European market.
SERVICE MANUAL
© 2008-9 PRINTED IN JAPAN
B51-8838-00 (N)672
TK-2302/2302(V)
TK-2306
VHF FM TRANSCEIVER
CONTENTS
GENERAL.....................................................2
SYSTEM SET-UP.........................................3
REALIGNMENT ...........................................3
DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR ......................6
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ..............................9
SEMICONDUCTOR DATA.........................13
TERMINAL FUNCTION .............................13
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION.................14
PARTS LIST ...............................................15
EXPLODED VIEW ......................................22
PACKING....................................................23
ADJUSTMENT ..........................................25
PC BOARD
TX-RX UNIT (X57-7570-20)...................30
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ............................34
BLOCK DIAGRAM .....................................38
LEVEL DIAGRAM ......................................40
SPECIFICATIONS ......................................41
Helical antenna
(T90-1036-15)
Button knob (PTT)
(K29-9425-03)
Button knob
(Side1/Side2)
(K29-9426-03)
Knob (Selector)
(K29-9427-03)
Knob (Volume)
(K29-9309-13)
Badge (Front)
(B43-1622-04)
Plastic cabinet assy
(A02-4040-03)

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
2
Document Copyrights
Copyright 2008 by Kenwood Corporation. All rights re-
served.
No part of this manual may be reproduced, translated,
distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or other-
wise, for any purpose without the prior written permission
of Kenwood.
Disclaimer
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation
of this manual, Kenwood assumes no responsibility for er-
rors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for dam-
ages resulting from the use of the information contained
herein. Kenwood reserves the right to make changes to any
products herein at any time for improvement purposes.
GENERAL
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE OF THIS MANUAL
This manual is intended for use by experienced techni-
cians familiar with similar types of commercial grade com-
munications equipment. It contains all required service
information for the equipment and is current as of the pub-
lication date. Changes which may occur after publication
are covered by either Service Bulletins or Manual Revisions.
These are issued as required.
ORDERING REPLACEMENT PARTS
When ordering replacement parts or equipment informa-
tion, the full part identification number should be included.
This applies to all parts : components, kits, or chassis. If the
part number is not known, include the chassis or kit number
of which it is a part, and a sufficient description of the re-
quired component for proper identification.
PERSONAL SAFETY
The following precautions are recommended for personal
safety:
• DO NOT transmit until all RF connectors are verified se-
cure and any open connectors are properly terminated.
• SHUT OFF and DO NOT operate this equipment near
electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere.
• This equipment should be serviced by a qualified techni-
cian only.
SERVICE
This transceiver is designed for easy servicing. Refer to
the schematic diagrams, printed circuit board views, and
alignment procedures contained within.
Model Type TX-RX unit Frequency
range Remarks
TK-2302 K,P,M
X57-7570-20 136~
174MHz
IF1: 38.85MHz
LOC: 38.4MHz
TK-2302(V) K
TK-2306 M

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
3
SYSTEM SET-UP
REALIGNMENT
1. Modes
User mode
Data programming mode
PC test mode PC tuning mode
PC mode
Wireless clone mode
Mode Function
User mode For normal use.
PC mode Used for communication between the trans-
ceiver and PC.
Data programming
mode
Used to read and write frequency data and
other features to and from the transceiver.
PC test mode Used to check the transceiver using the PC.
This feature is included in the FPU.
Wireless clone
mode
Used to transfer programming data from
one transceiver to another.
Choose the type of transceiver
Transceiver programming
Delivery
Merchandise received
Are you using the speaker microphone?
A personal computer, programming interface (KPG-22/22A),
and FPU (programming software) are required for programming.
(The frequency, TX power HI/LOW, and signalling data are
programmed for the transceiver.)
YES
NO
KMC-17, KMC-21 or KMC-45
Speaker microphone
(Option)
Are you using the optional antenna? YES
NO
KRA-22 or KRA-26
Optional antenna
TX/RX 136~174 5.0W
TK-2302: K,P,M
TK-2302(V): K
TK-2306: M
Frequency range (MHz) RF power Type
2. How to Enter Each Mode
Mode Operation
User mode Power ON
PC mode Received commands from PC
Wireless clone mode [PTT]+[Side2]+Power ON (Two seconds)
3. PC Mode
3-1. Preface
The transceiver is programmed by using a personal com-
puter, a programming interface (KPG-22/22A, USB adapter
(KCT-53U)) and FPU (programming software).
The programming software can be used with a PC or
compatible. Figure 1 shows the setup of a PC for program-
ming.
3-2. Connection Procedure
1. Connect the transceiver to the personal computer with
the interface cable and USB adapter (when the interface
cable is KPG-22A, the KCT-53U can be used).

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
4
Notes:
• You must install the KCT-53U driver in the computer to
use the USB adapter (KCT-53U).
• When using the USB adapter (KCT-53U) for the first time,
plug the KCT-53U into a USB port on the computer with
the computer power ON.
2. When the POWER is switched on, user mode can be en-
tered immediately. When the PC sends a command, the
transceiver enters PC mode.
When data is read from the transceiver, the red LED
lights.
When data is written to by the transceiver, the green LED
lights.
Notes :
• The data stored in the personal computer must match
Model Name and Model Type when it is written into EE-
PROM.
• Do not press the [PTT] key during data transmission or
reception.
3-3. KPG-22/KPG-22A Description
(PC programming interface cable : Option)
The KPG-22/22A is required to interface the transceiver
with the computer. It has a circuit in its D-sub connector
(KPG-22: 25-pin, KPG-22A: 9-pin) case that converts the RS-
232C logic level to the TTL level.
The KPG-22/22A connects the SP/MIC connector of the
transceiver to the RS-232C serial port of the computer.
3-4. KCT-53U Description (USB adapter : Option)
The KCT-53U is a cable which connects the KPG-22A to a
USB port on a computer.
When using the KCT-53U, install the supplied CD-ROM
(with driver software) in the computer. The KCT-53U driver
runs under Windows 2000 or XP.
3-5. FPU (Programming Software) Description
The FPU is the programming software for the transceiver
supplied on a CD-ROM. The software on this disk allows a
user to program the transceiver transceivers via Program-
ming interface cable (KPG-22/22A).
3-6. Programming with PC
If data is transferred to the transceiver from a PC with the
FPU, the data for each set can be modified.
Data can be programmed into the EEPROM in RS-232C
format via the SP/MIC jack.
In this mode the PTT line operate as TXD and RXD data
lines respectively.
List of FPU for transceiver
Model Type FPU
TK-2302 K,M KPG-118D(K)
TK-2302 P KPG-119D(K)
TK-2302(V) K KPG-119D(K)
TK-2306 M KPG-118D(M)
PC
KPG-22 or KPG-22A or
KPG-22A+KCT-53U
Illustration is KPG-22
FPU
Tuning cable
(E30-3216-05)
D-SUB
(25-pin)
Transceiver Transceiver Transceiver
KPG-22
PC
Gray
Gray/Black
1.5D-XV Lead wire
1.5D-XV Shield wire
+
–
+
–
SP
MIC
D-SUB
(9-pin)
KPG-22A
PC
USB
KPG-22A
KCT-53U
PC
Fig. 1
4. Wireless Clone Mode
4-1. Outline
“Wireless Clone Mode” copies the transceiver data to
another transceiver.
The dealer can copy the transceiver data to another trans-
ceiver even without the use of a personal computer.
4-2. Example
The transceiver can copy the programming data to one or
more transceivers via RF communication.
The clone source and clone target/s must be in wireless
clone mode.
REALIGNMENT

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
5
REALIGNMENT
4-3. Operation
1. To switch the clone target/s to wireless clone mode,
press and hold the [PTT] and [side2] keys while turning
the transceiver power ON.
2. Wait for 2 seconds. The LED will light orange and the
transceiver will announce “Clone”.
3. Select a channel table number using Side1 (increment
channel table) and Side2 (decrement channnel table)
keys.
4. To switch the clone source to wireless clone mode, press
and hold the [PTT] and [side2] keys while turning the
transceiver power ON.
5. Wait for 2 seconds. The LED will light orange and the
transceiver will announce “Clone”.
6. Select the same channel table number as the clone
target/s.
7. Press [PTT] on the clone source to begin data transmis-
sion.
When the clone target starts to receive data, the LED will
light green.
When the clone source finishes sending data, a “confir-
mation” tone will sound.
If data transmission fails while cloning, an “error” tone
will sound from the target unit.
8. If the cloning fails, no data will be available in the target
unit when it is returned to User mode.
9. When the cloning is successful, the target unit’s “Scan”
and “Key lock” functions will return to their default values
(Scan = OFF, Key lock = OFF).
Notes:
• The dealer can clone data to two or more transceivers by
repeating the above procedures.
• If the transceivers wireless clone mode is configured as
“Disabled”, the transceiver cannot enter wireless clone
mode.
• The table shown below will cover the frequency tables
used for wireless cloning.
• Wireless clone mode cannot be entered in battery low
state.
• A unit cannot be a “Source Unit” if it is unprogrammed. If
[PTT] is pressed, an “error” tone will sound.
• The language used in cloning depends on the “Model
type” setting, not the FPU setting.
• Once a unit is set to be the source, it cannot be a target
after the data has been transmitted. This protects the
data in the source unit.
• Electronic interface may cause a failure in data transfer
during wireless clone, such as when waveforms or elec-
tromagnetics are being performed at the workbench.
• Wireless clone mode can be used ONLY by the autho-
rized service personnel.
• The wireless clone mode setting must be configured
as “Disable” before being delivered to the end-user.
• To clone, replace the antenna from both the source
transceiver and the target transceiver with a dummy
load.
• The transmit output power is automatically set to
Low in wireless clone mode.
• Clone frequency table
No. Operating frequency
136~174MHz
1 136.150
2 138.150
3 140.150
4 142.150
5 144.150
6 146.150
7 148.150
8 150150
9 152.150
10 154.150
11 156.150
12 158.150
13 160.150
14 162.150
15 164.150
16 166.150
17 168.150
18 170.150
19 172.150
20 174.150

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
6
DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR
1. Removing the Case Assembly from the Chassis
1. Remove the volume knob qand channel knob w.
2. Remove the two screws e.
3. Lift and remove the chassis from the case assembly r.
(Use a flat-blade screwdriver to easily lift the chassis.)
:
@
.
;
.
2. Removing the TX-RX unit from the Chassis
1. Detach the solder of speaker wire from the PCB before-
hand.
2. Remove the packing tfrom the SP/MIC jack of the TX-
RX unit.
3. Remove the ten screws yfixing the TX-RX unit.
4. Remove the solder of the antenna terminal with a solder-
ing iron u.
5. Remove the solder of the positive terminal with a solder-
ing iron i.
Note: You can remove the TX-RX unit from the chas-
sis without removing the solder at the positive terminal.
However, in this case, you can not attach the packing
(G53-1605-03) that is on the positive terminal to the chas-
sis in assembling. So, it is advisable to remove the solder
on the positive terminal first.
6. Remove the FPC from the flat cable connector o.
7. Lift and remove the TX-RX unit from the chassis !0.
=
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
2

>
8
3. Removing the Battery Release Lever
from the Case Assembly
1. Press the upper part of the lever toward the inside of the
case assembly. One side of the shaft will be removed q.
2. Lift and remove the battery release lever from the case
assembly w.
@
:
4. Attaching the Battery Release Lever to
the Case Assembly
1. Insert one side of the shaft into the hole at the lever fit-
ting section on the case assembly q.
Caution: The thin spring (G01-4543-04) should be posi-
tioned above the two tabs of the lever.
2. Tilt the battery release lever slightly forward w, so that
the thick spring (G01-4542-04) is positioned below the
case surface.
3. With the thick spring positioned below the case surface,
attach the other side of the shaft to the case assembly
by pressing the battery release lever euntil it snaps into
place r.
Caution: Be careful not to tilt the battery release lever
too forward.
If the battery release lever is pushed in this state where
the two tabs come below the case surface, there is a
possibility of damaging the two tabs.
A thin spring
Shaft
Tow tabs
A thick spring
:@
.
;

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
7
5. Assembling the Battery Release Lever
1. Place the lever wonto the stopper q.
2. Place the thick spring eonto the lever.
3. Hook the right and left ends of the thin spring ronto the
tabs of the stopper, then place the thin spring onto the
lever t.
4. Slide the shaft through the hole of the stopper and lever
y.
:
@
.
;
=
B
6. Attaching the Positive Terminal to the Chassis
Always attach the positive terminal to the chassis, using
the following procedures, before mounting the TX-RX unit
onto the chassis.
1. Remove the holder assembly wfrom the packing qof
the positive terminal.
2. Mount the packing of the positive terminal into the chas-
sis hole e.
3. Mount the holder assembly into the packing of the posi-
tive terminal r.
:
.
;
@
7. Mounting the Chassis to the Case Assembly
1. Confirm that the waterproof packing attached to the
circumference of the chassis is securely inserted in the
groove of the chassis q.
2. Attach the speaker with waterproof packing to the
speaker recess of the case assembly w. Make sure the
speaker clasp is securely inserted.
3. Tighten the speaker clasp into the case assembly with
the screw.
4. Insert the upper part of the chassis into the case assem-
bly e.
Caution: Take care that the speaker lead wire is not
caught by the microphone element.
5. Press the chassis rand the case assembly together to
attach them.
Caution: If the packing of the SP/MIC does not come
to the correct position after attaching the chassis to the
case assembly, reposition the packing with your fingers.
:
@
Confirm that the
waterproof packing is
securely inserted in the
groove of the chassis.
.
;
;
DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
8
8. Attaching the Antenna Receptacle to the Chassis
Screw the antenna receptacle to the chassis in the order
shown in the drawing so that the antenna receptacle
comes to the center of the case hole.
Tighten this screw first.
Tighten this screw second
9. The Nuts of the Volume Knob and Channel Knob
Note that the shapes, colors and heights of nuts of the
volume knob and channel knob are different from one
another. (The nut of volume knob is silver, and the nut of
channel knob is gold)
Use the following jig when removing the nuts of the vol-
ume knob and channel knob.
• Jig (Part No.: W05-1012-00)
Volume knob
(Long)
Channel knob
(Short)
DISASSEMBLY FOR REPAIR
10. Screw sequence for mounting the TX-
RX unit to the chassis
Attach the TX-RX unit to the chassis using the screws in
the order shown in the drawing below.
Note: From screw ronward no sequence is need.
TX-RX UNIT
Component side view
;
;;
.@
:
;
;
;
;

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
9
1. Frequency Configuration
The receiver utilizes double conversion. The first IF is
38.85MHz and the second IF is 450kHz. The first local oscil-
lator signal is supplied from the PLL circuit.
The PLL circuit in the transmitter generates the neces-
sary frequencies. Fig. 1 shows the frequencies.
ANT
TX/RX : 136~174MHz
ANT
SW
RF
AMP
TX
AMP
RF
AMP
1st MIX MCF
38.85MHz
CF
450kHz
IF
SYSTEM
AF
AMP
SP
RX:
174.85~
212.85MHz
PLL
VCO
MIC
AMP
MIC
TX: 136~174MHz
38.4MHz
X3
multiply TCXO 12.8MHz
1/2
Fig. 1 Frequency configuration
2. Receiver
The frequency configuration of the receiver is shown in
Fig. 2.
ANT
ANT
SW
BPF
RCTV
RF AMP
Q204
MIXER
Q203
IF AMP
Q202
BPF
PCTV 1st Local
MCF
XF201
IC201
IF, MIX, DET
IC308
AQUA-L
Q2
X3 multiply
X1
TXCO
CF201
2nd Local 12.8MHz
AF VOL
IC309
AF PA SP
Fig. 2 Receiver sectio
■Front End (RF AMP)
The signal coming from the antenna passes through the
transmit/receive switching diode circuit, (D103, D104 and
D105) passes through a BPF (L214, L216 and L213), and is
amplified by the RF amplifier (Q204).
The resulting signal passes through a BPF (L209 and
L211) and goes to the mixer. These BPFs are adjusted by
variable capacitors (D203, D204, D205 and D202). The input
voltage to the variable capacitor is regulated by voltage out-
put from the MCU (IC306).
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
■First Mixer
The signal from the front end is mixed with the first local
oscillator signal generated in the PLL circuit by Q203 to pro-
duce a first IF frequency of 38.85MHz.
The resulting signal passes through the XF201 MCF to
cut the adjacent spurious and provide the opitimun charac-
teristics, such as adjacent frequency selectivity.
■IF Amplifier Circuit
The first IF signal is passed through a four-pole monolithic
crystal filter (XF201) to remove the adjacent channel signal.
The filtered first IF signal is amplified by the first IF ampli-
fier (Q202) and then applied to the lF system IC (IC201).
The IF system IC provides a second mixer, limiting amplifier,
quadrature detector and RSSI (Received Signal Strength In-
dicator). The second mixer mixes the first IF signal with the
38.4MHz of the second local oscillator output (TCXO X1 and
Q2) and produces the second IF signal of 450kHz.
The second IF signal is passed through the ceramic filter
(CF201) to remove the adjacent channel signal. The filtered
second IF signal is amplified by the limiting amplifier and
demodulated by the quadrature detector with the ceramic
discriminator (CD201). The demodulated signal is routed to
the audio circuit.
■Wide/Narrow Switching Circuit
Narrow and Wide settings can be made for each channel
by switching the demodulation level.
The WIDE (low level) and NARROW (high level) data is
output from IC306, pin 5. When a WIDE (low level) data is
received, Q201 turn on. When a NARROW (high level) data
is received, Q201 turn off.
Q201 turns on/off with the Wide/Narrow data and the
IC201 detector output level is switched to maintain a con-
stant output level during wide or narrow signals.
Q201
R209
R210
C209
CD201
QUAD IFOUT
IC201
FM IF SYSTEM
W/N
(IC306) L : Wide
H: Narrow
AFOUT Q202
5R
Fig. 3 Wide/Narrow switching circuit
■Audio Amplifier Circuit
The demodulated signal from IC201 goes to AF amplifier
through IC308.
The signal then goes through an AF volume control , and
is routed to an audio power amplifier (IC309) where it is am-
plified and output to the speaker.

TK-2302/2302(V)/2306
10
■Squelch
Part of the AF signal from the IC enters the FM IC (IC201)
again, and the noise component is amplified and rectified by
a filter and an amplifier to produce a DC voltage correspond-
ing to the noise level.
The DC signal from the FM IC goes to the analog port
of the MCU (IC306). IC306 determines whether to output
sounds from the speaker by checking whether the input
voltage is higher or lower than the preset value.
To output sounds from the speaker, IC306 sends a high
signal to the AF_CONT line and turns IC309 on through
Q312, Q313, Q314, Q315 and Q316. (See Fig. 4)
IC201: FM IF
IF amp SIGNAL
DTMF IC308
AQUA-L
QT/DQT
BUSY QT/DQT IN
IC306
MCU
AF_CONT
SP
Q315,316
IC309
AF PA
Q312,313,314
CLK, DATA,
STD, LOADN
SW
SW
Fig. 4 AF amplifier and squelch
■Receive Signaling
• QT/DQT
The output signal from FM IC (IC201) enters the MCU
(IC306) through IC308. IC306 determines whether the QT or
DQT matches the preset value, and controls the SP MUTE
and the speaker output sounds according to the squelch re-
sults.
• MSK (Fleet Sync)
The MSK input signal from the FM IC goes to pin 31 of IC
308. The signal is demodulated by MSK demodulator in IC
308. The demodulated data goes to the MCU for process-
ing.
• DTMF
The DTMF input signal from the FM IC (IC201) goes to
IC308. The decoded information is then processed by the
MCU.
3. PLL Frequency Synthesizer
The PLL circuit generates the first local oscillator signal
for reception and the RF signal for transmission.
■PLL
The frequency step of the PLL circuit is 2.5, 5, 6.25 or
7.5kHz.
A 12.8MHz reference oscillator signal is divided at IC1 by
a fixed counter to produce an oscillator (VCO) output signal
which is buffer amplified by Q3 then divided in IC1 by a pro-
grammable counter. The divided signal is compared in phase
with the 5, 10, 12.5 or 15kHz reference signal from the
phase comparator in IC1. The output signal from the phase
comparator is filtered through a low-pass filter and passed
to the VCO to control the oscillator frequency. (See Fig. 5)
■VCO
The twice of operating frequency is generated by Q5 in
transmit mode and Q4 in receive mode. The oscillator fre-
quency is controlled by applying the VCO control voltage,
obtained from the phase comparator, to the varactor diodes
(D4 and D8 in transmit mode and D3 and D6 in receive
mode).
The RX_SW pin is set high in receive mode causing Q7
turn on. The TX_SW pin is set high in transmit mode. The
outputs from Q4 and Q5 are amplified by Q9 and sent to the
prescaler (IC2).
■Unlock Detector
If a pulse signal appears at the LD pin of IC1, an unlock
condition occurs, and the DC voltage obtained from C4 and
Q1 causes the voltage applied to the MCU to go low. When
the MCU detects this condition, the transmitter is disabled,
ignoring the push-to-talk switch input signal.
D4,8
Q5
TX VCO
D3,6
Q4
RX VCO
Q9
BUFF AMP
1/2
Q3
BUFFER
IC2
LPF
LPF
Q7,8
T/R SW
RX
TX
REF OSC
1/M
1/N
Phase
comparator
Charge
pump
5,10,12.5 or 15kHz
5,10,12.5 or 15kHz
PLL DATA
X1
12.8MHz
IC1
PLL IC
Fig. 5 PLL circuit
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION