Kleinwaechter EFM 023 BGT User manual

MANUAL
EFM 023 BGT
System Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans Kleinwächter
Walking Test with EFM 023 and UAC 110

2 Manual EFM 023 BGT
Contents
General infor ation on electrostatics ....................................................................................................................... 3
Origin of electrostatic charge ................................................................................................................................... 3
Product description........................................................................................................................................................... 3
Specifications .................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Measuring range Volt eter ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Measuring range E-Field Meter ............................................................................................................................... 4
Caption ................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Operating instructions ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Measuring principle ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Application Areas .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Button Features ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
Initiation ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Hold ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Measure ent ranges ................................................................................................................................................... 7
E-Field Meter Measure ent ..................................................................................................................................... 7
Max. Value ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Analog Output ................................................................................................................................................................. 7
Changing the easure ent distance .................................................................................................................... 8
Spacers ............................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Display ............................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Battery Monitoring ....................................................................................................................................................... 9
Grounding ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Maintenance ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Battery Replace ent ................................................................................................................................................ 10
Zero Point ...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Guarantee Ite s .......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Batteries and accu ulators are not allowed in the household waste! ................................................ 10
Electrical and electronic equip ent are not allowed in the household waste! ............................... 10
Walking Test ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Product Instruction ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Caption ............................................................................................................................................................................ 12
Specifications ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
Operating instructions .................................................................................................................................................. 13
Walking test with UAC 110 on a PC : .................................................................................................................. 14
Scope of Delivery ............................................................................................................................................................. 14

3 General infor ation on electrostatics
Calibration.......................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Warning Notices .............................................................................................................................................................. 15
Ad-On facilities : ................................................................................................................................................................ 15
Audit Kit 1 - CPM ............................................................................................................................................................. 15
Additional Scope of Delivery ................................................................................................................................. 15
Audit Kit 2 - Co plete ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Additional Scope of Delivery ................................................................................................................................. 16
General information on electrostatics
Nowadays ESD
1
is a proble at any workstations, because odern icroelectronics
2
is easily
destroyed by the sequels of ESD. Other branches of industry like e.g. teleco unications-, plas-
tics-, and explosive aterial industry are also heavily affected by ESD.
ESD causes losses of ti e as well as high financial losses and can endanger the hu an health.
Charges of over 10000 Volts can e erge on people, clothes, aterials and equip ent. Devices
that are sensitive to electrostatics can be da aged by electrostatic discharges of less than
100 Volts. Charges of 3000 Volts and ore can cause sparks. In endangered areas that can cause
explosions.
Origin of electrostatic charge
Triboelectricity
3
is caused by attrition of different aterials. Electrons are transferred fro one
aterial to the other. As electrons are charged negative the aterial that releases electrons is
charged positive. The aterial ad itting electrons is charged negative. There are different ways
to avoid or to discharge electrostatic charges. But to find an effective and reasonable solution
first of all the e ergence, a ount and polarity of the charge have to be found. Our devices are
suitable for that purpose and for the supervision of favored charge.
Product description
The unit is housed into an EMV plastic enclosure. The influence electrode is star shaped. In front
of it in a s all distance apart a rotating grounded odulation propeller with the sa e shape as
the electrode is located. The influence electrode is enclosed by a ring electrode syste that is
used as echanical shield for the propeller wheel and the sensor plate. A 2×12 digit alpha-
nu eric LC display is located at the front of the device.
The device has an integrated icro co puter with the following functions:
•Conversion of the easured field intensity over the adjusted easure ent distance to
the charge in Volts
•one button operation
•per anent supervision of the battery voltage with auto atic shut-down
•charge plate ode
4
•pos. and neg. Maxi u Value e ory
5
1
electrostatic discharge
2
integrated circuits
3
Greek: tribeia = friction
4
with optional CPS kit

4 Manual EFM 023 BGT
Specifications
Dimensions (L x W x H): Approx. 70 x 122 x 26
Weight: Approx. 130g
Calibration in parallel plate capacitor: 200 x 200 , distance 20
Calibration accuracy: < 5%
Output Voltage:
Only in “E Field” Mode
± 1V (Ri>1kOh )
Digital/Analog Converter DAC Resolution 10Bit
Battery: 9V alkaline or NiMH battery
Operating time: Approx. 10h with alkaline battery
Measuring range Voltmeter
Distanc
e
Measuring range
Max. resolution
1c 0 … 10kV 1V
2c 0 … 20kV 2V
5c 0 … 50kV 5V
10c
0 … 100kV
10V
20c 0 … 200kV 20V
Measuring range E-Field Meter
Manual ange
*Measuring range
Max. resolution
± 20 kV/m ± 1V 20V/
± 200 kV/m ± 1V 200V/
± 1 MV/m ± 1V 1kV/
* DAC only switched on in manual E Field Meter Mode !
In all other modes the DAC Output is 0V
5
walking test

5 Caption
Caption
1
3
2
4
5
6
7
8
* EFM023 => In the iddle of the left side here is the output socket for the analog output
1 Cover cap 5 Spacer
2 Modulator syste 6 Zero point tri er
3 Button «function/on» 7 Alphanu eric LCD display
4 Grounding jack 8 Battery case (on the back)

6 Manual EFM 023 BGT
Operating instructions
Measuring principle
The electrostatic field eter is a para etric a plifier. The electric field influences a current
proportional to the electrostatic field. The current is a plified and easured with a selective
a plifier. No energy is taken fro the field over ti e eans.
No radioactive matters are used!
Application Areas
Detection and Control of electrostatic fields resp. charges, meas ring of electric charges, electro-
static charges, very high-resistance voltage sources.
Button Features
On
Press «function/on» 1 ti e briefly
Hold
Press «function/on» 1 ti e briefly to switch on or off
Distance
Press «function/on» until „change c “ appears
Press «function/on» 1 ti e briefly to change to a new distance or to CPS ode,
wait approx. 2s to select the displayed function
Aus
Press «function/on» 2 ti es in quick succession
Initiation
By pressing the «function/on» button on the front panel the device is switched on. By pressing
the «function/on» button twice in nor al operation the device is switched off.
The black cover cap on the modulator system has to be removed before measuring!
If the «function/on» button is not pressed for about 3.5 in, the device switches off to save
power and to prevent discharge of the accu ulator.
Hold
The device has a hold function to freeze the current easuring value. By pressing the
«function/on» one ti e the value easured at that ti e re ains in the display. The upper line
shows „Hold“ and in the botto line the result is displayed. By pressing the «function/on» but-
ton again the hold function is switched off and the current result is displayed.

7
Measurement ranges
After switching the device on the distance selected distance is 2c . If you want to easure with
that distance
6
you just have to place the device 2c in front of the object to be easured. For
ost cases this distance is ideal because charges up to 20kV can be easured (see specifica-
tions). But there are cases in which the easuring distance should be changed. In case of very
high charges or very rough surfaces the distance should be increased. In case of very low charges
the s allest distance (1c ) should be selected.
When the instru ent switched off in the E-Field Meter Mode, it switches on in this Modus with
the last selected Range.
E-Field Meter Measurement
The unit can display the E-Field strength directly. By “change distance” (see downsize) select
the E-Field Meter Mode. In this Mode it’s possible to select the following ranges ± 20KV/ ,
±200kV/ or ±1MV/ . To change the ranges press the «function/on» key briefly. The range
changed as following:
In this Mode there is no auto atically change of the range. That’s why the DAC is now active.
Max. Value
The unit display in the “Max. Value” Mode in the upper row the axi u positive (right) and
negative (left) Value. The “Hold” Function is in this case out of order. By briefly pressing the
«function/on» key the axi u values will be erased and this function start again.
Analog Output
The instru ent has a DAC – Output interface with ± 1V proportional to the easured electric
field strength. By exceeding ore as 20% of the end range value “Over range” is displayed.
An Analog output is only useful in a anual range setting, that’s why it is only active in anual
E-Field Modus. In any other odes the DAC is deactivated and on the output always is “0V”.
6
According to the spacers
20 kV/ 200kV/ 1 MV/ 20 kV/ ...

8 Manual EFM 023 BGT
Changing the measurement distance
Press «function/on» until the lower line shows „change distance“ (approx. 2 sec). In the upper
line the current distance is shown in c . By pressing «function/on» the distance can be changed
in the following order:
To select the displayed value wait (without pressing «function/on») until the current easure-
ent value is displayed in the botto line. In the upper line the new distance is displayed. Con-
tinue easuring using the new distance. The distance is easured fro the plate behind the
odulator blade. The plate is located 6.4 in front of the devices front plane.
*After switching the device off and on always 2cm distance are selected
* Without the anual “E-Field Mode”
The electrostatic field eter easures the direct voltage field strength all the ti e. Over the
selected distance the field strength is converted to the charge on the object:
displayed value [V] = field strength [V/ ] x distance [ ]
Exa ple:
With a distance of 10c and a displayed value of 1000V the field strength is:
E = 1.000V / 0,1m = 10.000 V/m
Spacers
The ship ent includes 2 spacers for the easure ent distance 2c . Those can be screwed in
the front plate.
2c 5c 10c 20c E-Feld
eter
CPS-
Modus
Max.
Value 1c 2c ...

9 Maintenance
Display
The display is a double-spaced alphanu eric LCD display with 12 digits in each row (2 x 12). In
the upper line the selected distance is displayed in c . In the botto line the easured charge is
displayed in Volt. Over 999V on the display changes to kV display.
The displayed value is always triple-digit:
Exa ples:
If the easure field strength is too high „overflow! “ is displayed, the distance has to be
increased.
Battery Monitoring
The device has per anent battery voltage onitoring. By undercutting a battery voltage of 7.6V
the upper line displays: „Low Battery!“. In that case the 9V battery has to be charged or renewed.
By undercutting 7.1V the display shows “auto off” for about 2s and the device powers off to pre-
vent further da age.
Attention:
Use only Rechargeable 9V – NiMH Battery or an 9V Alkaline Battery
Batteries have to be charged outside the device in a suited battery charger. Please pay attention
to the anufacturer instructions! Used batteries can be returned to us or have to be disposed
professionally.
Grounding
The device has to be grounded properly to easure the a ount and the polarity of an electro-
static field. For that purpose the device has to be connected to ground by using the grounding
jack (4). Grounding the device by a grounded person (e.g. over conductive shoes or wrist strap)
touching the grounding jack suffices under ost circu stances.
Maintenance
The odulator syste or parts of it ust not be touched. Those parts have to be protected of
dust, isolating i purity layers, color- or paint haze and condensate.
If required the odulator syste can be cleaned with ethyl alcohol and a lint-free cotton cloth.
578V 3,85kV 24,0kV 274kV

10 Manual EFM 023 BGT
Battery eplacement
When „Low Battery“ appears in the display the 9V battery has to be charged (accu ulator) or
renewed (alkaline). For this the device has to be turned and the battery case has to be opened by
sliding down. The battery has to be taken out and the battery clip pulled off. The clip needs to be
plugged to the new battery and put back with the battery into the device. Finally the battery
case should be closed again.
Zero Point
Under nor al circu stances a zero point adjust ent is not necessary. If the device does not
show U=000V while the odulator syste is screened (e.g. ounted cover cap) the zero point
can be adjusted using the tri er (6) on the right side of the device. The last digit of the display
ay be ignored as that error is s aller than the ad issible tolerance.
Guarantee Items
We provide a 24 onth guarantee in case of proper application according to the anual. Ex-
cluded of the guarantee are: The battery resp. the accu ulator, da age by electric shock, wrong
grounding and echanical da age of the device. The guarantee expires if the device was
opened.
Batteries and accumulators are not allowed in the household waste!
Every consu er ust by law, dispose of all batteries and accu ulators at a unicipal or
co ercial collection center, free of charge. Thereby, the disposal will be
environ entally friendly.
Batteries and accu ulators are arked with the following sy bol:
Electrical and electronic equipment are not allowed in the household waste!
When the equip ent is not used any ore, every consu er ust by law, separate the
equip ent fro the household waste and bring it to a unicipal collection center. Old
electrical equip ent is accepted there free of charge. This will ensure that the old
equip ent is handled by experts and it will avoid negative i pact on the environ ent.
Electrical equip ent is arked with the following sy bol:
This crossed out garbage bin eans that you ay not dispose of batteries and
accu ulators in the household waste. Under this sign you ay also find
so eti es, in addition, the following abbreviations related to the aterials
contents:
Pb = lead, Cd = cad iu and Hg = ercury.
The black bar under the crossed out garbage bin indicates that
the equip ent was put into circulation after August 13, 2005.