Level421 TT-30x0-s Operating instructions

TT-30x0-s
Installation &
Comissioning
Manual
for DVB-RCS network standard on
Eutelsat, Panamsat, Hellassat, Europstar
and Newskies satellites
This document is intended for providing instructions on installing, operating, and field servicing
of the TT-30X0 ™ terminal system.
Revision: V5.1, Issued: Sunday, July 17, 2005

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Installing and commissioning a Level421 TT-30x0-s terminal
Step 1: Check if basic Equipment if complete
A typical TT-3020-s ™ remote terminal system consists of the following
components:
Component Part No. Qty1
1. Antenna:
Location dependant must be
approved by Level421, including
antenna Feedhorn
Location
dependant
0,9/ 1,2 or 1,8
meter size
1
2. Mount:
Antenna mount, to connect
antenna to
Antenna specific 1
3. RCST/ Satellite Modem
Viasat terminal
Linkstar 1
4. BUC/ Radio/ Block Up Converter
All satellites
BUC 2 Watt or 3 Watt
NJT5024F (2W) or
NJT5076F (2W) or
NJT5016F (2W) or
NJT5037 (3W) or
1
5. LNB:
For Lo Band Satellites
DRO, 12.25 - 12.75 GHZ
L.O. 11.3 Ghz
For High Band Satellites
DRO 10.95 – 11.7 Ghz
L.O. 10 Ghz
NJR C21545A
NJR 2184
F/H/HW/HA Type
or
Norsat 4708 C
NJR 2154
A/H/HW/HA Type
1
6. OMT/ Block Down Converter
Waveguide which connects LNB,
BUC and Feedhorn to the
outdoor RF unit
Antenna specific
1
7. Transceiver (alternatively)
Instead of BUC/LNB/OMT, for Hi
and Lo Band Satellites
KR 1226 (2 W)
KR 1426 (4W) 12
8. IFL Cables:
RG6 75 Ohm low loss, 100dB
shielded with water proved F
Connector CAP system
100 meter roll
with cap kit box 1
1Quantity is per line item.
2optional instead of BUC/LNB & OMT /all in one device
3Optional requirements, must be manufactured locally or organized seperately
Additional components are supplied if you have bough a bundle, including our
Performance Enhancement Gateway and additional Voice over IP components.

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Step 2: Check RF Head parts
LNB
The LNB provides the low noise amplification and down conversion from
Ku-band to L-Band. The down converted signals are then routed to the
RCST via coaxial cable. Based on the satellite downlink frequency bands,
the LNB is available to receive the frequencies in Megahertz.
It is required that your measurement equipment you use for calibrating
the antenna is capable of resolving the L- Band frequency, as this is the
frequency you will see on your spectrum analyzer when installing the
antenna.
There are many different LNBs available with 12,75, 10 Ghz, 11,3 Ghz
and 5,15 Ghz Oscillator frequency. So have a look on your LNB to
verify that you have the correct model in your delivery.
10 Ghz For 10.95 – 11.7 Ghz
11.3 Ghz For 12.25 – 12.75 Ghz
5.15 Ghz For 3.4 – 4.2 Ghz
NJR LNB Type:

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Norsat LNB Type:
The frequency is depending on the satellite or the transponder you need
to adjust your antenna on. Please find in the appendix a table with an
overview on all satellite frequencies which are used by our services.
L-band Freq = Fcrt - LNB Local Oscillator frequency (in MHz)
Where: Fcrt = RF downlink frequency of known carrier, in MHz
LNB Local Oscillator Frequency varies for different bands
Please check that you do not have an outdated manual, as this may lead
you to adjust the antenna to a wrong carrier frequency. Depending on
grade of service and Hub operator, these values may change without
prior notice. It is a good idea to check these values again with us by mail
prior you start your installation.
BUC
The BUC (Block up converter) accepts transmit signals from the RCST and
provides up conversion to the satellite uplink frequency and transmits
them to the satellite.
For the TT-3XX0 ™ ODU, the BUC includes a Solid State Power Amplifier
available as Ku-Band transceivers for 2-, or 3- Watt. The RCST provides a
24VDC source to power these units. For the 4-Watt Ku-band NJRC
manufactured BUC, the RCST is equipped with an external power supply
adapter to satisfy the additional power requirement. Level421 has
decided only to supply the 2 Watt and 3 Watt version for several reasons.

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A 4 Watt version is available as compact transceiver which from its
concept is superior than a separate BUC.
The 4 Watt transceivers do satisfy their power requirements due to a
higher efficiency by the RCST as well. Separate NJRC BUC do require
complex additional and fault intensive power supplies.
The NJRC transmitter is not the most modern one. Nevertheless it is
reliable also under extreme climatic conditions and our STANDARD
product. The output power is 2 Watt in this version. It is certified in most
European countries. Please keep in mind, that transmitters higher than 2
Watt are not certified in most EU countries and therefore might not be
available in your region in which you want to operate your system.
The 2 Watt STANDARD version has the following specifications:
For W6 satellite, Indian Sea Footprint a transmitter with extended
frequency range of 13.75 to 14.25 Ghz is required. This transmitter is
shipped with all systems for this satellite footprint. It also has 2 Watt
transmit power.
Please see the specifications on the next page.

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We also do supply a 3 Watt BUC from NJRC. This is the NJT5037 model,
which is smaller and has a slightly higher transmit power output.
This is especially available for regions in which there is high humidity in
the air, like in some regions in Africa or in areas, where footprints
smoothly fade out on the upstream side.
Please see the specifications on the next page.

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Transceiver
A Transceiver integrates Receive LNB, OMT and BUC in
one box and is therefore quite compact. It is the
modern version of the separated versions of BUC/ OMT
& LNB above. Level421 has started shipment of this
new product, so it might be that you already receive a
transceiver with your equipment shipment. A 2 Watt
and a 4 Watt Version is available. As some satellites are not yet approved
with the new transceivers, you also might have received not a transceiver
with your shipment.
In comparison to the NJRC BUC, the Skyware transceiver for safety
switches off the ODU if not on signal. So as default the ODU LED will stay
OFF. In order to activate the transceiver, please enter the save boot
parms and bring the unit pointed correclty to the satellite. Afterwards the
ODU LED should show up in green.
Please refer to the next pages for technical specifications:

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2 Watt Transceiver – LNB / OMT part specifications:

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2 Watt Transceiver – BUC Part specifications:

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4 Watt Transceiver - LNB / OMT Specifications:

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4 Watt Transceiver - BUC Specifications:

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Step 3: Install Antenna
Below illustrates a TT-30x0 remote system antenna installation and LNB close view:
Important notes: At Any time work is carried out on the TX or RX unit,
the power to the indoor unit must be turned off, as radiation may cause
damage to the installers health quickly.
Antenna must be installed at least 2 meters from ground. Antennas are
not allowed to be installed 2 kilometers around airports or within the
landing zone of aircrafts.
Antenna and Feed Assembly
Incoming signals from the satellite are intercepted by the antenna
reflector ("dish") and focused into the feed assembly. The feed assembly
collects receive signals and passes them to the LNB.
The antenna geometry is termed an Offset Feed Parabola, with the beam
(satellite direction) typically oriented 22.6oabove a line perpendicular to
the antenna face, as shown above. The antenna mount allows the
antenna to be pointed toward the satellite by pivoting around the
mounting mast (azimuth) and by tilting about the mounting head
(elevation). The entire Antenna feed Assembly can be rotated about the
feed axis to set polarization.
Note that it is not a rule that an antenna offset is 22.6o. Refer to the
documentation that accompanies the antenna for the actual offset
specification.

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Cables and Wires
It is very important to use the correct cabling, as this is very often reason
for temporarily failures you search for weeks. Only use the excellent and
tested quality cabling delivered with your TT-3xx0.
Please always keep in mind that the BUC is supplied with power over the
antenna cable. The NJT head consumes more than 32 Watt, which needs
to be transported over the satellite cable.
Make sure that no shortcut is in one of your F-Connectors before
connecting power, as this might blow your indoor unit. Also do not forget
to switch off the modem if you disconnect the antenna cable. It will
destroy the modem at a 80% probability.
Only use the cable delivered by Level421 with your TT-3xx0.
Another important issue is the sealing of the cable. Sometimes water is
getting inside the connector and is causing bad connectivity or signal
failures. Nearly 70% of all failures on VSATs are related to cabling. Please
do not use normal electro sealing tape but special sealing tape which is
making your connector 100% waterproof.
With all systems delivered after the first of January 2005,
Level421 includes the CaP connector system kit for proper and
save wiring. This kit allows you to do proper and hazel free, as
well as waterproof outdoor and indoor wiring.
A closer look at the CaP
1.sloped edge to make it easier to insert the CaP on the
terminal of the coaxial cable
2.thin deformable ring to prevent, with different types of
coaxial cables, moisture coming inside the connection
zone from the cable side
3.flexible sleeve to held the cable in proper position
4.special patented material highly resistant and elastic
5.sloped wall to optimize the electrical and mechanical
contact between the braid and the female connector
6.external ridge to make it easier to insert/remove the
CaP from the female connector
7.ribs designed to exert an optimal pression over the
braid and the female connector
8.projection to prevent moisture coming inside the connection zone from
the female connector side
9.bevelled edge to make it easier to insert the CaP on the female
connector

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Our Connector CaP is at first sight just a very simple way to connect a
coaxial cable to any F female connector: this is certainly true but any
skilled installer will soon realise that the connection made with the CaP, if
it has been made in the proper way following our suggestions and
drawings, will perform much better than a connection made with the
great majority of standard F metallic male connectors. This is because by
using the CaP there is no metallic interface between the cable and the
female connector and therefore there is an optimal matching between the
two parts of the connection: in all other cases the F metallic male
connector, however good it can be, is always present in the connection
and can add some mismatching and/or losses.
The CaP is a mechanical mean to keep the cable firmly attached to the F
female (or to any similar coaxial) connector.
The important point is that, when using the CaP, the cable will remain, in
the course of time, firmly attached to the female connector: we can
assure this thanks to the very special material which we have choosen to
manufacture the CaP. We want to underline this by enclosing in our
technical leaflet also all initial material properties and all sorts of ageing
tests made to this material, which is normally used in avionic and in
automobile industries.
When and how the CaP should be used
The CaP, as it is today (new versions for bigger cables are under design),
can be used to connect any coaxial cables having an external diameter up
to 7mm. to any F-type female connector.
The CaP can be connected as shown in all our drawings (we will now call
it “normal way”) in the great majority of cases, namely when the coaxial
cable has a good percentage of braid coverage, when the connection is
made in protected environments (like distribution boxes, ..) or in places
not normally reachable by non-technical end users (like outdoor LNB’s,..).
There are some cases where a stronger retaining force is needed in the
coaxial connection, like for instance when using coaxial cables with low
braid coverage (<40%), when the connection is normally used by non-
technical end users (like when connecting inside houses TV sets, sat
receivers,.. ) or when the connection is supposed not to be normally
removed. In such cases we advise to use the CaP in an “alternative way”,
as described below.

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Use of the CaP in the “normal way”
How to prepare the cable and connect the CaP. Follow strictly the instructions and drawings written
in our leaflets when making a connection.
step1 step2
The coaxial cable can be prepared with a normal scissor: a better and quicker way to prepare the
cable can be obtained by using our cable cutter tool enclosed in our shipment kit.
Take particular care in step 3: cut the dielectric as near as possible to the braid so that the same
braid, in step 4, will get in contact with the mouth of the F female immediately after having left the
external sheath of the coax cable.
step 3 step 4
In step 5 insert the CaP over the F female ONLY BY PUSHING IT OVER THE F FEMALE AND NOT BY
ROTATING THE CaP WHILE PUSHING IT (the rotation could damage the braid).
NO YES step 5
How to disconnect the CaP
DO NOT DISCONNECT THE CaP BY PULLING THE CABLE AWAY FROM THE F FEMALE (this action
would normally damage part of the braid).
The right way to disconnect the CaP is by firmly holding the cable near the connection zone with one
hand while pulling the CaP away from the F female with the other hand. Following this method you
can find that the braid will suffer no damage and therefore the cable and the CaP are ready to be
used for another connection.
NO YES
This way of using the CaP is very simple, quick and easy to understand by both technical and non-
technical users.

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Use of the CaP in the “alternative way”
How to prepare the cable and connect the CaP
When a stronger retaining force between the cable and the F female connector is needed, follow the
instructions below. We do recommend this preparation especially on the Outdoor side. Please
connect your antenna BUC and LNB with this method.
In step 1 insert the CaP onto the cable and cut the external sheath longitunally in two parts without
removing it, for a lenght of approximately 10 mm. The preparation of the cable in step 1 can be
easily obtained by using the lateral cable input of our cable cutter tool enclosed with the samples.
In step 2 widen the sheath and the braid and bend both of them backwards.
step1 step2
Repeat step 3, 4 and 5: in the last step a greater force has to be used to slide the CaP over both
braid and sheath. As in the normal way, when pushing the CaP over the F female DO NOT ROTATE
THE CaP.
step3 step4 step5
Enclosed you can find many samples with different cable sizes prepared in the alternative way for
connection with the CaP: samples 1b, 3 and 4 are cables ∅7mm.+ 40% braid coverage; sample 2b is
a cable ∅7mm.+ 80% braid coverage, samples 5 and 6b are cables ∅5mm.+ 40% braid coverage.
How to disconnect the CaP
DO NOT DISCONNECT THE CAP BY PULLING THE CABLE AWAY FROM THE F FEMALE (this action
would damage the cable). The right way to disconnect the CaP is by holding the CaP firmly with one
hand and the device attacched to the F female connector with the other hand. Now pull the CaP away
from the F female while bending and forcing up and down the two parts of the coaxial connection:
the resulting lever effect will greatly help in widening the CaP and opening the connection.
If this operation is correctly performed the external sheath and the braid of the coaxial cable will
suffer no damage at all with the result that both the cable and the CaP are ready to be reused for
another connection.
This way of using the CaP is slightly more time consuming than the normal way: on the other way
the resulting coaxial connection is mechanically as reliable as a crimped connection with the
difference that in our case the connector can be detached from the cable and both components can
be reused as many times as needed.

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Step 4: Install Return Channel Satellite Terminal (RCST)
The TT-3XX0 RCST combines a DVB receiver, a burst MF-TDMA
modulator, and a terrestrial traffic interface on a single integrated circuit
b
o
a
r
d
.
The RCST terrestrial interface is a standard 10/100BaseT. The TCP
Acceleration processing engine is built into the RCST software. The
maximum aggregate TCP data transmission rate for each RCST is
10Mbps.
The RCST comes with L-Band IF interfaces and can be rack-mounted.
Depending upon the satellite link requirements, the TT-3XX0 RCST is
deployable in VSATs ranging from sub-meter 0.96m/1-Watt Ku-band
units to 2.4m/. 5-Watt C-
A rack mounted RCST must occupy 3U space where the top 2U space is
left empty as to ensure adequate cooling. Less space can cause
overheating and failure of the terminal. If installed in hot climate areas
like African area it is hardly recommended that appropriate air condition
is ensured.
Similarly, a tabletop mounted RCST requires the placement to be cool
and well ventilated. No other items may be resting on top of the unit to
ensure adequate cooling.
Do you need to install a fanless Viasat RCST, please contact Level421 for
advise, as these units may fail according to overheating.

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Step 5: Have recommended Tools and Test Equipment on hand
Below lists all recommended tools and test equipment for completing a
TT-3XX0 ™ terminal system installation.
Description
□Electronic Installer’s Tool Kit
Multi meter
□Cable Termination Tool Kit
Crimp tool for RG11 connectors
Cable stripper
□Magnetic Compass
□Inclinometer
□Socket Set, 3/8" drive, to 3/4", with 3"
extension
□Set, Allen Keys
□Test Equipment:
Spectrum Analyzer or , if not available,
Satellite meter maximizing BER & 10Mhz
span
Adapters
Type F female to N male
GPS for LAT/LONG
□Laptop PC for use in terminal configuration or
troubleshooting, running telnet sessions.
Minimum PC requirements: 10/100 Ethernet Card
Win98 or higher
Pentium processor
□Standard LAN crossover cable
Standard straight LAN cable

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Step 6: IFL installation
Ensure installation meets all applicable cable codes, including National
Electrical Code (NEC) and local requirements.
Do not pull IFL cables using center conductor of the coax. Cable insulation
is foam; pulling by center conductor will damage electrical performance.
Use full grip only.
(1) Pull the IFL cables, using good installation practices. Leave 3 meters
(10 feet) of cable beyond the antenna post for adequate service loops. At
the indoor end, allow adequate service loop for easy access and service of
the RCST.
(2) At the outdoor end, dress the IFL cables to the antenna mounting
post using one of the tie wraps (included in the installation kit) positioned
30 cm (12 inches) from the bottom of the post.
(3) Terminate cable ends with connectors to mating connectors on
antenna feed assembly and RCST. Dress cable to the support arm, using
tie wraps.
(4) Use standard self-fusing tape on all outdoor connections as to ensure
a watertight system. Approximately 3” of tape is required per
connection.

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Step 7a): Antenna Pointing - basics
Record the following site parameters as determined with GPS:
Parameter Value
Latitude
Longitude
Satellite Longitude
Elevation
Azimuth
Polarization
(1) Perform standard antenna pointing procedure based on the above
look angles.
Proceed to the following link in order to calculate the rough area where
you will find your satellite:
http://www.satsig.net/ssazelm.htm
(2) Use a compass to roughly calibrate the dish. Do not use a GPS
compass, as it sometimes behaves strange.
http://www.lyngsat.com has a complete frequency plan of all satellites,
which can help in identifying satellites, as you may detect TV signals you
may adjust on. Unfortunately the TT-3xx0 satellite, transponder,
polarization or frequency details are sometimes wrong printed in the
lyngsat tables.
(3) It is absolute mandatory to all our systems that you are using a
spectrum analyzer to set signal to a maximum level. Especially pAS1R
satellite is very tricky to find sometimes. Please ask a local installer for
advise if you are not experienced enough to finish pointing on your own.
(4) Pointing hints: You may use a universal LNB to make satellites easier
to identify before fixing the correct LNB to the OMT for polarization