Long 360 Series User manual

SERVICE
MANUAL
360 .• 460 • 510
SERIES
TRACTORS
LONG MFG. N.C. INC.
P.O. Box 1139, 111 Fairview St., Tarboro, N.C. 27886
Tel. [phone], Telex #510-929-o695
Form 756006 Rev. 8183

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A SAFETY PRECAUTIONS A
AVOID ACCIDENTS
Most accidents, whether they occur in industry, on the farm. at
home or on the highway, are caused by the failure of some indi-
vidual to follow simple and fundamental safety rules or precau-
tions. For this reason MOST ACCIDENTS CAN BE PREVENTED
by recognizing the real cause and doing something about it be-
fore
the accident occurs.
Regardless of the care used in the design and construct1on of
any type of equipment there are many conditions that cannot
be completely safeguarded against without interfering w1th
reasonable accessibility and efficient operation.
A careful operator is the best insurance against an
accident. The complete observance of one simple rule
would prevent many thousand serious injuries each
year. That rule is:
NEVER ATTEMPT TO CLEAN, OIL OR ADJUST
A MACHINE WHILE IT IS IN MOTION.
NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL
A WARNING A
On machines having hydraulically, mechanically, and/or cable controlled equipment (such as fork lifts.
combmes. shovels, loaders, dozers, scrapers, etc.) be certain the equipment is lowered to the ground
before servicing, adjusting and/or repairing.
If it is necessary to have the hydraulically, mechanically, and/or cable controlled equipment partially or
fully raised to gain access to certain items, be sure the equipment is suitably supported by means oth8r
than the hydraulic lift cylinders, cable and/or mechanical devices used for controlling the equipment.
A WARNING A
ALWAYS USE proper tools and procedures as recommended in Service and Operator's Manual.
ALWAYS READ all Caution and Note paragraphs in Service and Operator's Manual before proceedmg with
service or repair work .

A.O.
A. I.
A. II.
A. Ill.
B.O.
B.l.
B.ll.
B.lll.
B.IV.
B.V.
MASTER INDEX
A. ENGINE
Specifications • Removal • Installation
Crankcase • Cylinder Head •
011 Sump
Valves & Timing Mechanism
Crank Gear Assembly
A.IV.
A.V.
A.VI.
A. VIII.
Fuel System
Lubrication
Cooling
Fits & Tolerances • Torque Specifications
B. POWER TRAIN
Description
Clutch
Transmissions
Bevel Gear & Differential
Brakes
Independent Hand Brake
B.VI.
B. VII.
B.VIII.
B.IX.
B.X.
B.XI.
Final Drive & Rear Wheels
Power Take·Off
Front Axle and Steering
Front Drive Axle (Side Drive)
Front Drive Axle (Center Drive)
Fits & Tolerances· Torque Specifications
C. HYDRAULICS
C.O. Hydraulic Lift & Linkage
C.l. Power Steering
C.ll.
Fits & Tolerances· Torque Specifications
D. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

•
~·.
A.O.
A.l •
A. II.
A. II.
A.IV.
A.V.
- A.VI.
· A.VIII. Flta·a
r

A. ENGINE
INDEX
A.O. Specifications • Removal • Installation
Description ........................ 3
Specifications ...................... 4
Fault-Finding ...................... 5
Removing Engine from Tractor
........ 6
Disassembly and Reassembly
........ 8
Installation ........................ 8
A.l. Crankcase • Cylinder Head • Oil Sump
Crankcase and Cylinder Liners ....... 11
Checking and Cleaning the Crankcase .. 11
Cylinder Liner Re-boring and
Replacement
.................... 11
Cylinder Head ..................... 12
Oil Sump ......................... 14
A.ll. Valves and Timing Mechanism
General .......................... 15
Timing Data ....................... 15
Camshaft ......................... 15
Valves, Guides and Springs .......... 17
Valve Gap Adjustment .............. 19
Tappets, Push-Rods and Rocker Arms ... 19
Timing Gear Assembly .............. 20
Tachourmeter ..................... 21
A.lll. Crank Gear Assembly
General .......................... 22
Crankshaft ........................ 22
Crankshaft Bearings ............... 25
Pistons and Rings .................. 25
Connecting Rods .................. 27
Engine Flywheel ................... 28
A.IV. Fuel System
Air Supply ........................ 29
Fuel Supply ....................... 29
Fuel Tank ......................... 30
Fuel Priming Pump ................. 30
Fuel Filters ....................... 30
C.A.V. INJECTION PUMP ............ 33
General Description .............. 33
Injection Pump Removal .......... 33
Pump Installation and Timing ....... 35
Injectors ....................... 35
Starting Aid ..................... 36
A. V. Lubrication
General .......................... 38
Oil Pump ......................... 39
Oil Filter .......................... 39
Low Oil Pressure Warning Light ...... 39
Lube and Capacity Chart ............ 41
A.VI. Cooling
General .......................... 42
Water Pump ....................... 43
Radiator .......................... 44
Thermostat ....................... 45
Fan .............................. 46
WaterTemperature Gauge
........... 46
A.VII. Fits and Tolerances • Torque Speciflca·
tions
Fits and Tolerances 360/460 ......... 47
Fits andTolerances 510 ............. 50
Torque
Specifications .............. 53
Engine· 2

A.O. SPECIFICATIONS·REMOVAL·INSTALLATION
DESCRIPTION
The engine installed in the wheel tractor models
360,
460 and 510, is a high speed diesel unit with
four strokes and three cylinders-inline. The
engine crankcase is a cast iron
unibloc with dry
type replaceable cylinder liners, and
with the
housings for the crankshaft main bearings and
valve tappets.
Helical-teeth
timing gears, camshaft located in
the crankcase and overhead valves; intake valves
are shielded
to increase turbulence of the
aspirated air. The power train
is driven by the
crankshaft which revolves in four thin-shell main
14709
FIG. A.0/1 Three-Quarter Right Front View of
Engine
1. First fuel filter;
2. Fuel Injection pump; 3. Air
Intake manifold; 4. Starting aid reservoir; 5. Injec-
tor; 6. Second fuel filter; 7. Thermostat location;
9. Hydraulic system
oil pump; 10. Fuel lift pump;
11. Electric starting
motor
bearings and includes: Light alloy pistons with
toroidal combustion chamber
built in top, three
piston rings (two oil scrapers and one compres-
sion ring), forged steel connecting rods and
liners lubrication and a second one through the
small end for piston cooling.
Aspirated air
is filtered through an oil bath air
cleaner.
Fuel
is injected directly into the high turbulence
combustion chamber built in piston top.
Double diaphragm fuel
lift pump, double filters
connected in series and water trap on the first
filter.
14710
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FIG. A.0/2 Three-Quarter Left Rear View of
Engine With Clutch
12. Exhaust manifold; 13. Engine
lifting eye;
14. Engine
oil filter; 15. Engine and P.T.O. clutch
unit; 16. 011 pressure sending unit connection;
17. Breather pipe; 18.
011 dipstick; 19. Alternator
Engine· 3

Injection pump of the plunger type with all speed
governor and
automatic timing device: type
Rotary,wlth fly-weight mechanical governor.
Separate
four hole nozzles (360/460) or three hole
nozzles (510)
clamped to the cylinder head.
Forced feed
lubrication from camshaft driven
gear-type
pump with built in relief valve.
Full flow filter screwed to the crankcase and pro-
vided
with an Internal relief valve which
bypasses the oil flow when filter is clogged.
CIRCULATING WATER
AND RADIATOR COOL·
lNG SYSTEM
A
centrifugal pump, belt-driven by the
crankshaft-mounted drive pulley, forces the
coolant flow which enters the radiator when the
temperature reaches
up to thermostat setting.
The cold air drawn by the fan
which is secured to
the water pump hub, cools the coolant inside the
radiator.
Direct
electric starting with solenoid engage-
ment,
12 volt motor and starting aid for low
temperatures.
SPECIFICATIONS -ENGINE
360 460 510
Type
..................................... Diesel ................ Diesel ................ Diesel
Strokes
....................................... 4 .................... 4 .................... 4
Number
of Cylinders ............................ 3 .................... 3 .................... 3
Bore and Stroke
...................... 3.74 x 4.33 in ........... 3.74 x 4.33 in ........... 4.02 x 4.33 in.
(95 x 110 mm) (95 x 110 mm) (102 x 110 mm)
Displacement
.......................... 143 cu. in .............. 143 cu. in ............ 164.5 cu. in.
(2340 cu. em.) (2340 cu. em.)
(2696 cu. em.)
Static Timing
........................... 13°8TDC ............. 13 °8TCD ............. 13 °8TCD
Number
of Main Bearings ........................ 4 .................... 4 .................... 4
Injection Sequence .......................... 1-2-3 ................. 1-2·3 ................. 1-2-3
Compression Ratio ........................... 17:1 .................. 17:1 .................. 17:1
Sense of Rotation (As seated in the
driver's seat)
.................. Counterclockwise: ..... Counterclockwise ..... Counterclockwise
Rated Speed ............................ 2255 RPM ............. 2400 RPM ............. 2400 RPM
High Idling ............................. 2355 RPM ............. 2550 RPM ............. 2550 RPM
Low Idling ............................... 600 RPM .............. 600 RPM .............. 600 RPM
P.T.O. RPM to Engine RPM
164-168 .................................. 600-650 ............... 600·650 ............... 675-725
540 ' ....................................... 1970 ................. 1970 ................. 2160
600
........................................ 2189 ................. 2189 ................. 2400
659
........................................ 2400 ................. 2400 .......... - ...... 2600
Starter Pinion to Flywheel
Crown Gear Ratio
......................... 9:110 ................. 9:110 ................. 9:110
Engine/AlternatorSpeed Ratio
............... 1:1827 .... .' ........... 1:1827 ................ 1:1827
Lubrication Pressure (Max.)
............. 294-392 kPa ........... 294-392 kPa ........... 294-392 kPa
(42.7-56.9 PSI) (42.7-56.9 PSI) (42.7-56.9
PSI)
Minimum Pressure .................. 34.4 kPa (5 PSI) ........ .34.4 kPa (5 PSI) ......... 34.4 kPa (5 PSI)
Engine/Oil Pump Speed Ratio
................ 1:0.500 ............... 1:0.500 ............... 1:0.500
Engine/Water Pump Speed Ratio
............. 1:1.464 ............... 1:1.464 ............... 1:1.464
Hourmeter Calibration
(1 Hr.) ....................... 96,000 Engine Revs. . ... 96,000 Engine Revs .... 96,000 Engine Revs
Engine Weight (Without Air Cleaner
and Lubricating Oil)
............... 660 lbs. (299 kg) ........ 660 lbs. (299 kg) ........ 660 lbs. (299 kg)
HORSEPOWER
Manufacturer's Maximum Observed P.T.O.
Horsepowerat Rated Engine Speed
..... 35 (26.1 kw) .......... 41.9 (31 .3 kw) .......... 48.5 (36.2 kw)
Engine- 4
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FINDING THE PROBLEM IN CASE OF POOR
ENGINE PERFORMANCE
If test specifications cannot be met:
1. Check, by excluding one cylinder at a time,
that the compression pressure drop
is cons·
tant in order to ascertain the functional effi·
ciency and uniformity of nozzles or try once
again using a set of calibrated test nozzles.
2. Look for the causes of poor engine perfor·
mance. Use a compression·
tester applying it
in succession to each cylinder, to which the
present
test data and procedure refer. (See
chart.)
Test the engine when temperature has reached
158°F. (70 °C.), corresponding almost to the limit
of the white band of the panel-mounted
temperature gauge, and
stop the engine.
1. Remove the injectors from the cylinders.
2. Install a compression tester in place of the
injector corresponding to the cylinder to be
tested.
3. Hold the injection pump in "STOP" position
and take the readings, turning the engine
with the starter motor.
The pressure reading for a normally operating
engine, recorded at temperature
of about 180 oF
(82 °C.) and at sea level (760 mm. of mercury), and
for a speed of about 650 RPM is 375-425 PSI
(26.4-29.9 k/cm2) with all injectors removed.
The
minimum permissible pressure reading for a
worn engine
is 375 PSI (26.4 k/cm2 ).
It must be kept in mind that pressure drops of
1% for every 100 m. increments of altitude. (Ap·
proximately 320 feet.)
The maximum permissible pressure
difference
between the various cylinders is 50 PSI (3.5
k/cm
2
).
Compression faults can be traced to: valves and
seats,
pistons and their rings, cylinder head
gasket.
60402
FIG. A.0/3 CHECKING ENGINE COMPRESSOR
WITH TESTER
A CAUTION!
Pressure test data are reliable only if the gauge
is functionally efficient and correctly installed
and if temperature and speed requirements have
been met. Do
not start overhauling or repairing
an
engine following a single low compression
reading,
or if the gauge is not the one indicated
or if the test has not been carried on as
specified.
Engine· 5
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FAULT DIAGNOSIS CHART
EXCESSIVE EXHAUST
SYMPTOM CAUSE CHECK
No fuel 1 Fuel level
2 Stop control 2 In run position and linkage free
3 Starting procedure 3 Is it correct
3115 4 Air in system 4 That system is vented and all
joints and unions air tight
5•
5 Fuel restriction 5 Filters and pipes clear
6 Fuel contamination 6 That fuel is free
of water, dirt, ice and wax
7 Cranking speed 7 Correct Lub, oil, Battery, starter and cable connections
8 Starting aid 8 Correct functioning, Fuel supply and electrical
connect1ons
9• 9•
9 Injection timing
9 Pump to engine timing
1lill!i!§
10•
10 Feed pump
10 Pressure
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11•
11 Blocked return pipe
11 DPA back leak, return to tank and filter vents are free
12• 12•
12 Poor compression
12 Cyl. comp. Air intake clear. Injector seats. Valve
clearances & timing
14•
14•
14
Fuel atomisation
14 Injectors· type, setting, condition, sealing and evenly
tightened down
15•
15
Fuel tank vent
15 Vent unrestricted
16•
16
Firing order
16 HP pipes fitted in correct order
17 HP pipe restriction
17 HP pipe bores not kinked or reduced at nipples
18•
18 HP leaks 18 HP pipe joint
tightness
19•
19 LP leaks 19 Fuel pipes for leaks
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20 Idling speed incorrect 20 Engine idling speed
setting
~iii§
21•
21 Max. speed incorrect
21 Engine maximum no load setting
22•
22 Accelerator linkage
22 Lever loose on pump, reaches stops. Linl(age wear.
Pedal stop setting
23 Engine mounting 23 Mountings are
tight
24 Vibration
24 Vibration not transmitted from elsewhere
25•
25 Overloading
25 Vehicle payload
26•
26 Brakes
26 Brakes not binding
27
F I pump mounting
27 F I pump drive and mounting bolts tight
28• 28•
28
F I pump 28 If
811 else f8ils rwmove F I pa.mp Mel send for specialist check
Engine· 5A

REMOVING THE ENGINE FROM TRACTOR
Proceed
according to the following sequence:
1. i1emove the radiator grill after removing the
•Jpper bolts in either direction, then discon·
nect the battery cables and remove battery.
(See Fig. A.0/4.)
2. Drain all fuel and close the fuel valve. Drain
the crankcase
oil through the bottom plug
hole and
the crankcase and radiator coolant
through the plugs (Items 13 and 14, Fig.
A.0/5)
located on the left side of the engine.
3 Remove the
front axle with radiator, after
disconnecting or detaching:
(a) Transmission oil suction line (Item 21,
Fig. A.0/6)
to hydraulic pump and
delivery line (Item
20) to hydraulic lift;
making sure to plug holes to prevent spill·
age of oil and contamination of lines.
(b) Band clamp securing air cleaner hose
(Item
19) to intake manifold water inlet
and outlet hoses from radiator and,
finally, the
exhaust muffler (Item 11);
(c) Steering drag link (Item 12) from steering
arm (if applicable).
(d) Remove bolts holding ram anchor to
transmission housing.
Lock the parking brake.
Insert
two wooden wedge blocks on the axle
and
lift tractor with a hydraulic jack or hoist
until free from the engine; place shop stands
or wooden blocks under the transmission
case, remove the capscrews (Item C2, Fig.
A.0/5)
attaching axle to oil sump and, finally,
·remove the front axle
assembly cowling and
radiator.
A CAUTION:
When using
the axle wedges, be sure they fit and
are driven in
tight. Also, any blocks or stands us·
ed in splitting the tractor should be stable. The
brakes
should be locked by stepping on the
brake pedals and pulling the parking brake back.
Be sure any
slings or chains are capable of sup-
porting the portion of the tractor to be hoisted.
4. Remove the rear hood section with instru·
ment and rear panels:
(a) The starting and lighting switch (Item 26,
Fig. A.0/7) and
the starting switch (Item
30) and lever.
(b) Remove
the rear hood, instrument panel
and rear panel
attaching capscrews;
FIG. A.0/4 FRONT VIEW OF TRACTOR
WITHOUT BONNET.
1.
Air cleaner clamp; 3. Battery ground cable;
4. Plus terminal;
5. Headlight connection cables.
(c)
Disconnect the connections located
behind the instrument panel and unscrew
the tachometer flexible drive (Item 9, Fig.
A.0/5).
5. Remove fuel tank, as follows:
(a) Disconnect cable (Item 28, Figure A·0/7)
from the starting safety switch located
on the transmission case cover.
(b) Slacken the band clamps, then remove
suction and return oil lines (Item 9, Fig.
A.l/3) from injectors.
,(c) Disconnect the fuel level indicator wire
with bayonet-type connection located on
the fuel tank.
(d) Remove the tank strap
after loosening
and withdrawing the attaching bolt.
6. Remove
the fuel tank support and electric
control box mounting as an assembly, as
follows:
(a) Disconnect the alternator cable (Item 8,
Fig. A.0/5) and the
two band clamps (Item
7, Fig. A.l/3) attaching to it the intake
manifold.
(b) Remove the starting motor (Item 23, Fig.
A.0/6) cable (Item
22) and the water
temperature gauge (Item
18) and low oil
Engine· 6

FIG. A.0/5 LEFT SIDE VIEW OF ENGINE INSTALLED
c .. Capscrews attaching engine to transmission case; C2. Capscrews attaching front axle to oil
sump; 7. Crankcase breather; 8. Alternatorcable; 9. Tachourmeter flexible drive; 10. Low oil pressure
sending unit;
11. Exhaust muffler; 12. Steering drag link; 13. Crankcase water drain; 14. Radiator
water drain cock;
15. Radiator water outlet hose; 16. Alternator; 17. Belt take·up bracket
14714
FIG. A.0/6 RIGHT SIDE VIEW OF ENGINE INSTALLED
c,. Injection pump locating nuts; P. Hydraulic lift oil pump; 18. Water temperature gauge cable;
19. Intake manifold;
20. Delivery line to hydraulic lift; 21. 011 pump suction line; 22. Electric starting
motor cable; 23. Electric starting motor; 24. Steering pump
Engine· 7

FIG. A.OI7 INSTRUMENT PANEL AND REAR
PANEL
26. Key switch; 27. Rear flood light cable;
28. Starting safety
switch cable; 30. Starting and
thermostart switch
pressure indicator (Item 10, Fig. A.0/5)
cables.
(c) Remove the hand and foot accelerator
rods from the linkage.
(d) Remove the attaching capscrews (Item
c,, Fig. A.0/5) to the transmission case.
7. Hook three chains into the three lifting eyes
(Fig. A.0/8) on the engine and take the weight
·off with a hoist.
Lift the engine and pull it off forward to allow
the clutch shafts to clear the clutches.
DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY
Attach the engine on an engine stand.
INSTALLATION
Reverse the removal sequence and be sure to
remember the following:
1. When attaching the engine to the transmis-
sion case, be sure to locate the clutch
splines on their respective gearbox and
P.T.O. shaft section properly so to avoid jam-
ming or spline damage.
2. Tighten to specified torque values.
,. .I
..
..
·"'~
I
..
\:.
!
,,
t
'·
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FIG. A.0/8 REMOVING ENGINE FROM TRAC·
TOR WITH LIFTING CHAINS
14718
FIG. A.0/9 INSTALLING ENGINE ON
TURNOVER STAND
Engine· 8
/
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I I
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/ j
FIG. A.0/9A ENGINE • SECTIONAL VIEW
Engine· 9

14717
FIG. A.0/98 ENGINE· SECTIONAL VIEW
Engine· 10

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A.l CRANKCASE-CYLINDER HEAD-OIL SUMP
For a general overall inspection of the crankcase
components, remove
~ngine from tractor as in·
dicated on page
6.
CRANKCASE AND CYLINDER LINERS
The cast iron crankcase and cylinder
block unit
construction comprises the cylinder liner bores,
crankshaft main bearings, camshaft bearing
bores, and the valve tappet bores. Cylinder
liners,
of the dry type, are inserted by cold press
fitting. New liners must be bored to proper size
after installation in engine bore. (See "Fits and
Tolerances-Torque Specifications-section.)
Class
identification letters are stamped on the
crankcase top surface (Fig. A.l/1 ), in cor-
respondence ':lf each liner.
CHECKING AND CLEANING THE CRANKCASE
At overhauls check for causes of oil and water
leaks and seepage.
Proceed
as follows:
1. Wash the crankcase with a hot detergent and
water solution, and flush it repeatedly
with
cold water.
2. Degrease the lubrication passages with a jet
of pressurized air and solvent mixture and
remove sludge from the inside
of passages.
3. Check sealing tightness of threaded and ex-
pansion plugs, and replace damaged ones.
4. Check the face parallelism of the cylinder
head mating surface using a straight edge
and feeler gauge and,
if necessary, reface it.
5. To avoid fluid leaks or seepage, make sure
both crankcase and cylinder head mating
surfaces are clean, before installing the
gasket. Do not use any type
of gasket
sealant.
14718
FIG. A.l/1 CHECKING CYLINDER LINER BORE
WITH A DIAL INDICATOR GAUGE (ARROWS IN·
DICATE CLASS OF FIT.)
CYLINDER LINER RE-BORING AND REPLACE·
MENT
Check the
liner inside diameter by placing a dial
gauge successively on
two axes perpendicular
to each other (Fig. A.l/1) and take these readings
at three
different heights (Fig. A.l/2) to locate
ovalization
or excessive wear.
If necessary, re-bore the liners to the next over·
size diameter, the measurements are listed in
the
"Engine Fits and Tolerances" table. If, on the
other hand, the liners which require re-boring are
already oversized
of 0.0254 mm. (0.001 in.), which
is the maximum permissible oversize, replace
them, and bore
to propersize.
Engine· 11

~
I
~
1
I
X
I
2
I
I
' f
-
~
FIG. A.l/2 STANDARD LINER AND CRANKCASE
BORE DIMENSIONS
a-b. Liner measure locations; C. Final dimen·
sion after press-fitting.
(Liners are classified dimensionally as A
or B.
See specification chart). · 1, 2 and 3. Bore
measuring planes.
360/460 510
X 98.890mm 3.893 in. 105.890mm 4.169 in.
98.940mm 3.895 in. 105.940mm 4.171 in.
y 95.000mm 3.740 in. 102.000mm 4.015 in.
95.024mm 3.741 in. 102.024mm 4.016 in.
z 99.020mm 3.898 in. 106.020mm 4.174 in.
99.050mm 3.899 in. 106.050mm
4.175in.
A ·cAUTION:
If the dowel with lube oil flow restriction is
removed also, make sure
to install it with the
smallerhole toward the
cylinder head.
CYLINDER HEAD
Special alloy cast iron cylinder head with harden·
ed valve seats and nozzle mounting holes.
To remove the cylinder head from a tractor in·
stalled engine, proceed as follows:
1. Remove hood assembly.
2. Drain crankcase and radiatorcoolant through
the respective
cocks located on the engine
left side.
3. Loosen the band clamp which secures the
cylinder head
coolant outlet hose to the
radiator.
4. Remove the valve cover (Item 5, Fig. A.l/3)
backing out the capscrews (Item C.).
5. Remove the intake manifold (Item 6) to gain
easier access
to the lines and tubing in·
dicated below.
6. Disconnect the nozzle pressure and return
lines (Items 8 and 9 respectively).
7. Remove rocker arms with shafts and sup·
ports, and the push rods.
8. Remove the thermometer bulb.
9. Unscrew the attaching capscrews from the
crankcase and
split the head away without
wedging with tools inserted between mating
surfaces
to avoid damage.
If the cylinder head is removed with the nozzles
installed, care must be taken not
to damage the
latter which project above the surface, or remove
them first
as a precautionary measure.
FIG. A.l/3 REMOVING THE TAPPET COVER (5)
c,. Tappet cover attaching nut; 4. 011 filler plug;
6. Intake manifold; 7. Alternator cable band
clamps; 8. Nozzle pressure line retaining
bracket; 9. Nozzle return oil lines.
Engine· 12

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FIG. A.l/4 REMOVING CYLINDER HEAD FROM
ENGINE INSTALLED ON ENGINE STAND
The instructions for removing the cylinder head
from an engine removed from the tractor are
similar to the ones given previously for the trac·
tor installed engine, provided of course that in
the former case the engine
unit will have to be
installed on the shop turnover stand. (See Fig.
A.l/4).
CHECKING THE CYLINDER HEAD
For complete inspection and checking of the
cylinder head,
it is best to remove valves, valve
springs and nozzles and
to clean the mating sur·
face, valve seat and passages.
Check the
cylinder head mating plane by moving
it overa surface plate smeared with lampblack or
blue. If high spots show up, reface it.
If valve seats are to be re·cut, the cylinder head
mating plane can be ground to a depth not ex-
ceeding 0.020 in. (0.5 mm.).
In case
of grinding, we suggest that a copper
washer
of suitable thickness be placed inside
the nozzle seat
so to maintain the nozzle projec-
tion above the cylinder head at the same value as
before; also, make sure the valve recessing from
the cylinder head plane does not exceed 0.03-
0.04 in.
(0.7 • 1.1 mm.) (Fig. A.l/5). The height of a
new
cylinder head is 3.662 in. (92 mm.).
Check the expansion
cups and threaded plug for
coolant and oil tightness and replace them if
necessary.
Following checks, Inspections, grinding, wash
cylinder head in solvent to remGve even the
slightest trace of abrasive matter.
15129
FIG. A.l/5 MEASURING NOZZLE PROJECTION
ABOVE CYLINDER HEAD PLANE(a) AND VALVE
RECESSING (b)
Nozzle projection: 0.08 • 0.10 in. (2 • 2.5 mm.)
Valve recessing: 0.03 • 0.04 in. (0.7 · 1.1 mm.)
15130
FIG. •A.I/6 DIMENSIONS OF lNTAKE AND EX·
HAUST VALVE SEATS AND OF VALVE GUIDES
IN CYLINDER HEAD
X = 13.966 mm. · .549 in.
13.983 mm. • .550 in.
(A) Intake
Valves
mm. ln.
Dia. D
40 1.575
Dia. E 48.6 1.913
(s) Exhaust
mm.
ln.
33 1.299
41.6 1.638
Engine· 13

1"::\. ,-------. 0 ,-----. '5\ ,-----. ljj\
\:tl, ... , ,\,;J, '~
, \ ,' ' ,' ',
, ' , \ , \
i ~ : ~ :' ~
1 I I I t I
'. ,' \ / \ I
~--- ,'0', /"'-'' /r.:\
~ ______ / J ·------- \!J . _____ , ~
0
1~07------------------------------_J
FIG. A.l/7 CYLINDER HEAD TIGHTENING SE·
QUENCE (See Torque Specification Table.)
CYLINDER HEAD AND GASKET INSTALLATION
Reverse the sequence of removal and take good
note
of the followina:
1. Thoroughly clean both crankcase and cylin-
der head mating planes
to remove gasket
particles
which have remained stuck to the
surfaces at removal.
2. Do not apply any sealing compound to the
gasket, as
its surfaces have already been
treated
with a suitable adhesive compound
over the areas requiring the greatest sealing
performance:
this will adhere to the crank-
case and
cylinder head surfaces under the
effect of heat as the engine reaches
operating temperature.
3. Place the cylinder head with the crankcase
locating
dowel fitting in the head hole.
4. Install the capscrews and torque them
following the sequence illustrated in Fig.
A.l/7 and
to the values given in the "Torque
Specifications" table.
ENGINE OIL SUMP
To remove the oil sump only from a tractor in·
stalled engine, proceed as
follows:
1. Drain oil through plug hole at bottom of
sump.
2. Disconnect the hydraulic lift delivery and
return
oil lines.
3. Remove the front axle assembly as outlined
on page 108 in PowerTrain Section.
4. Back out the capscrews attaching the oil
sump
to the crankcase. Before removing
them, place a wooden
block under the sump
to support it once free.
The operation
is easier if the engine is installed
on a turnover stand, as
it will be sufficient to free
the
pump to remove the attaching screws to the
crankcase.
As
to cleaning and checking, see the outline
reported in the preceeding topic and referring to
the crankcase.
When installing the oil sump, be sure to:
1. Apply a thin coating of non-hardening
sealing
compound on both surfaces. Install
the end seals over the gaskets and make sure
the holesare aligned.
2. Place the sump and install all attaching
capscrews.
3. Make sure the oil sump and engine bell hous-
ing are flush with each other.
4. Cross tighten progressively to the torque
values in
the "Torque Specifications" table.
Engine- 14

A.ll VALVES AND TIMING MECHANISM
GENERAL
Overhead valves are actuated by the camshaft
which
is driven from the engine through the tim·
ing gears. The camshaft motion is transmitted to
the valves through tappets, push rods and rocker
arms (Fig. A.ll/1).
Each valve is fitted
with one spring and one
guide, the length
of the latter inside the cylinder
head being limited by a stop ring. The intake
valves are shielded
to create turbulence and their
correct assembly is made fool-proof by allowing
only one possible installation position.
TIMING DATA
Valve opening and closing angles, with respect
to crankshaft rotation, are as follows:
Intake Valves
Opening Advance
............. 3o before T.D.C.
Closing Retard
............... 23 o after B.D.C.
Exhaust Valves
Opening Advance
......... 48 o 30' before B. D.C.
Closing Retard ................. 6o afterT.D.C.
Cold Valve Gap (Intake and Exhaust) for Timing
Check
.................... 0.018 in. (0.45 mm.)
Cold Valve Service Gap (Intake and Exhaust) for
Engine
............... Intake (0.250 mm) 0.010 in.
Exhaust (0.250 mm) 0.010 in.
Total Valve Down Stroke Inside Cylinders in the
Opening Phase
... Exhaust (10.000 mm.) 0.394 in.
Intake (10.000 mm.) 0.394 in.
CAMSHAFT
Crankcase-mounted camshaft revolving in three
bearings
with friction metal lining and force-
fitted in their respective crankcase housing
bores. The
shaft (Item a, Fig. A.ll/3) Is retained at
front by means of a stop flange (Item 9) and car-
ries a driving gear (Item
10) press fitted hot and
keyed
to Its front end.
Remove the camshaft and
its sleeve bearings as
follows:
1. Remove the engine according to the direc-
tions outlined on page 6 and install It on an
engine stand.
2. Remove the timing gear cover_ after removing
the following:
(a) Hydraulic pump (Item P, Fig. A.lll/1).
(b) Injection Pump Drive Gear Inspection
Cover (Item
7).
(c) Remove oil pan and oil pump.
FIG. A.ll/1 VALVE DRIVE AND CONTROL
MECHANISM
H. Clearance between
cup retaining cap and
locks;
Z. 0.394 ln. (10.000 mm.) Maximum valve
down stroke exhaust; Z. 0.3941n. (10.000 mm.)In·
take; 1. Camshaft;
2. Tappet; 3. Push rod;
4. Rocker Arm; 5. Valve
FIG. A.ll/2 TIMING DIAGRAM
Engine· 15

FIG. A.ll/3 CAMSHAFT REMOVED
6. Oil pressure reducing hold; 7. Oil circulation
groove;
8. Oil pump driving gear; 10. Camshaft
driving gear
a) Removing the capscrews securing the cam·
shaft stop flange (Item
9) to the crankcase.
(d) V-belt (Item 6), after loosening the front
bolt
of the alternator.
(e) Drive pulley (Item 5) and its hub with a
puller
with three slots at 120 o each.
(f) Fan and driven pulley.
Remove the end plate attaching capscrews (Item
c,, Fig. A.ll/4) by using a suitable wrench through
the
two holes machined in the gear for this pur·
pose (Fig. A.ll/3). Once these operations have
been completed, and before withdrawing the
camshaft and gear unit, secure
lifters in place to
prevent the tappets from falling into the oil
sump. Remove
the gear from shaft end using a
press, as the gear
is assembled to a shrink fit
following immersion in hot oil at 356°F. (180°C.)
REPLACING THE CAMSHAFT BEARINGS
In case
of bearing replacement, we recommend
the following sequence:
1. Remove the oil sump and timing gear case, if
necessary to ease the job.
2. Use a bushing puller on the front bearing
(Fig. A.ll/6) and the same puller
with exten-
sion for the intermediate one.
3. Remove the rear crankcase mount.
4. Drive out the expansion plug located at the
rear sleeve bearing using a suitable bar
through
the crankcase.
FIG. A.ll/4 SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE CAM·
SHAFT DRIVE
Ca. Capscrews securing the gear (1 0) and cam·
shaft assembly to the crankcase; 9. Stop flange;
10. Driving gear
5. Remove the rear bearing with the same
pullers used on front and intermediate ones.
At installation, be sure to:
1. Measure each bushing to be sure they go in·
to the proper bore. (See Fig. A.ll/5).
2. Arrange bushings so that lube passages are
aligned
with the matching passage in the
crankcase.
3. Drive in the intermediate bushing with a
bushing installation tool.
4. Use a bushing installation tool for the front
and rear bushings.
5. Line bore the bushing with a reamer to the
,diameter specified in Fig.•A.II/5.
6. When fitting the camshaft rearmost bearing,
be sure
to see if this is in the modified ver-
sion; i.e.,
with curved uppermost surface so
to shield the expansion cup on the crankcase
from the outside;
if otherwise, fit a rubber
plug with replacement inside the cup,
to
avoid ingress of oil in the clutch compart-
ment.
CAMSHAFT AND BEARING CHECKS
Measure journal and bearing wear and check ser-
vice clearance (see table
of data). Sleeve bear-
ings are not available
with undersized bores; if
necessary, replace both bearings and camshaft.
Check journal alignment
to make sure the cam-
shaft is perfectly straight.
Engine· 16