Lumistar LS-18-P User manual

LS-18-P/R User’s Manual 11/01/2023
DOC-18P-R1-USM-03 Lumistar Inc. 1
LS-18-P/LS-18-R1
Multi-Mode Multi-Band RF Test Modulator
User’s Manual
Lumistar Inc.
3186 Lionshead Ave.
Suite 100
Carlsbad, California 92010
[phone]
www.lumistar.net

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This document is the intellectual property of Lumistar, Inc. The document contains proprietary and
confidential information. Reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of this document is prohibited without
the explicit written consent of Lumistar, Inc.
This document is provided as is, with no warranties of any kind. Lumistar, Inc. disclaims and excludes all
other warranties and product liability, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any implied
warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use, liability for negligence in
manufacture or shipment of product, liability for injury to persons or property, or for any incidental,
consequential, punitive or exemplary damages. In no event, will Lumistar, Inc. be liable for any lost revenue
or profits, or other indirect, incidental and consequential damages even if Lumistar, Inc. has been advised
of such possibilities, as a result of this document or the usage of items described within. The entire liability
of Lumistar, Inc. shall be limited to the amount paid for this document and its contents.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)
of the rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause in DFARS 252.227-7013.
® Lumistar, Inc. and its logo are trademarks of Lumistar, Inc. Brand names and product names contained
in this document are trademarks, registered trademarks, or trade names of their respective holders.
®Microsoft and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
This document is an independent (publication) and is not affiliated with, nor has it been authorized,
sponsored, or otherwise approved by Microsoft Corporation.
© 2023 Lumistar, Inc. All rights reserved.
Lumistar Inc.
3186 Lionshead Ave., Suite 100
Carlsbad, CA 92010
[phone]
[phone] Fax
www.lumistar.net

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Table of Contents
......................................................................................................................................................................1
1INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................10
1.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................10
1.2 DOCUMENT OUTLINE....................................................................................................................10
1.3 DEVICE BRIEF..............................................................................................................................11
2HARDWARE INTERFACE ..............................................................................................................13
2.1 MECHANICAL OUTLINE:BASIC RF MODULATOR .................................................................................14
2.2 INTERFACE SIGNALS:MICRO-D SUB PIN-OUTS....................................................................................16
2.3 INTERFACE SIGNALS:ELECTRICAL DEFINITIONS/CHARACTERISTICS............................................................17
2.4 DESKTOP CHASSIS CABLING INTERFACES ............................................................................................18
2.5 CHASSIS/CASE OPTIONS ................................................................................................................21
2.5.1 DESKTOP CHASSIS................................................................................................................................21
2.5.2 1U 12” LS-18-R1 CHASSIS ..................................................................................................................24
2.5.3 PORTABLE RUGGEDIZED CASE (PELICAN 1450 CASE) ................................................................................25
2.6 COOLING AND THERMAL CONDITIONING ...........................................................................................33
3COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE ..................................................................................................34
3.1 TCP/IP CONNECTIVITY .................................................................................................................34
3.1.1 INITIAL SETUP OF A HOST WINDOWS PC WITH A STATIC IP ADDRESS. ...........................................................36
3.1.1.1 Modification of a Windows Host controller to Static IP mode....................................................36
3.1.1.2 Modification of a Windows Host controller to DHCP Mode........................................................39
4SOFTWARE APPLICATION: LS18_APP...........................................................................................41
4.1 APPLICATION OPERATION..............................................................................................................41
4.1.1 WINDOWS FIREWALL HOLE FOR THE LS18_APP.......................................................................................41
4.1.2 COMMUNICATIONS SETUP LAUNCH WINDOWS ........................................................................................43
4.1.3 APPLICATION LAYOUT ..........................................................................................................................44
4.1.4 FUNCTION SELECT TAB –HOME.............................................................................................................56
4.1.5 FUNCTION SELECT TAB –TEST ...............................................................................................................64
4.1.5.1 Function Select Test - BERT..........................................................................................................64
4.1.5.2 Function Select Test –PCM ENC..................................................................................................68
4.1.5.3 Function Select Test –SIM: Standard Mode................................................................................71
4.1.5.4 Function Select Test –SIM: Playback Mode ................................................................................74

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4.1.5.5 Function Select Test –WdAttr.....................................................................................................76
4.1.5.6 Function Select Test –FrmAttr ....................................................................................................78
4.1.5.7 Function Select Test –Dyn...........................................................................................................81
4.1.5.8 Function Select Test –REC UL (Recording Upload) .....................................................................83
4.1.6 FUNCTION SELECT TAB –INFO...............................................................................................................85
4.1.6.1 Info Sub-function Select Tab - ENV..............................................................................................85
4.1.6.2 Info Sub-function Select Tab - Configuration...............................................................................86
5OPERATIONAL EXAMPLES:..........................................................................................................88
5.1 STANDARD MODE OF OPERATION ...................................................................................................88
5.2 STREAMING DATA MODE OF OPERATION ..........................................................................................93
5.3 INTERNAL RECORDING PLAYBACK MODE OF OPERATION .......................................................................99
5.3.1 PLAYBACK DATA FILE SOURCES ..............................................................................................................99
5.3.2 UPLOADING PLAYBACK FILES .................................................................................................................99
5.3.3 SELECTING AND PLAYING RECORDED FILES .............................................................................................100

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Document Flag Formats.......................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 1-2 General Block Diagram of the LS-18 Configurations (Revision 2 HW) ................................................. 12
Figure 2-1 Representative Top View of the LS-18-M brick assembly ......................................................................... 14
Figure 2-2 Front-View of the LS-18-M brick assembly ..................................................................................................... 15
Figure 2-3 LS-18-M J11 and J12 Connector Pin-out Details (Revision 1 and Revision 2)................................... 16
Figure 2-4 P11 User Interface Cable (Rev 2 HW)................................................................................................................. 19
Figure 2-5 P12 User Interface Cable (Rev 2 HW)................................................................................................................ 20
Figure 2-6 LS-18-M Desktop chassis –ISO view ................................................................................................................. 21
Figure 2-7 LS-18-M Desktop chassis –Overall Dimensions ........................................................................................... 22
Figure 2-8 LS-18-M Desktop chassis –Lower Housing Mounting Points ................................................................. 23
Figure 2-9 LS-18-R1 12” Chassis Frant and Rear Panels................................................................................................... 24
Figure 2-10 LS-18-R1 AUX Connector Pinouts..................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 2-11 LS-18-P “Pelican” Portable System................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 2-12 LS-18-P AUX 1 Cable Pinouts ............................................................................................................................. 30
Figure 2-13 LS-18-P AUX 2 Cable Pinouts ............................................................................................................................. 31
Figure 2-14 LS-18-P AUX3 Cable Pinouts .............................................................................................................................. 32
Figure 3-1 LumistarDevice.exe SYSTEM Tab for LS18 network configuration values. .......................................... 35
Figure 3-2 Web Browser INFORMATION tab for DPE unit.............................................................................................. 35
Figure 3-3 Web Browser NETWORK tab for DPE unit. ...................................................................................................... 36
Figure 3-4 Windows Network and Sharing Page ................................................................................................................ 37
Figure 3-5 Windows Network Connections Page ............................................................................................................... 37
Figure 3-6 Windows Network Connections properties page ......................................................................................... 38
Figure 3-7 Windows Network Connections IPv4 properties page –Static IP ........................................................... 38
Figure 3-8 Windows Network Connections IPv4 properties page - DHCP............................................................... 39
Figure 4-1 Network User Application –Supported Operating Systems .................................................................... 41
Figure 4-2 Windows Defender Control Window (Win10 Pro)........................................................................................ 42
Figure 4-3 Windows Defender Select Application Window (Win10 Pro) .................................................................. 42
Figure 4-4 Communications Setup Windows ....................................................................................................................... 43
Figure 4-5 Network User Application –General Screen Layout.................................................................................... 45
Figure 4-6 Menu Bar –File Drop-Down List.......................................................................................................................... 47
Figure 4-7 System –Networking Tab....................................................................................................................................... 49
Figure 4-8 System –ACI Log ....................................................................................................................................................... 50
Figure 4-9 Conversion Utility - Converting Lumistar Recording files to Binary Playback Files ......................... 51
Figure 4-10 Conversion Utility - Converting CH10 files to Binary Playback Files................................................... 53
Figure 4-11 Status Window Contents...................................................................................................................................... 54
Figure 4-12 LS18_App –Home Tab for Configuration 2B ............................................................................................... 56
Figure 4-13 LS18_App –Home Tab for Configuration 2A ............................................................................................... 57
Figure 4-14 LS18_App –Test BERT Function Select Tab ................................................................................................ 64
Figure 4-15 RX BERT Input PCM Decoder Selections....................................................................................................... 66
Figure 4-16 LS18_App –Test PCM Encoding Function Select Tab ............................................................................ 68

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Figure 4-17 PCM Output Encoder Selections ....................................................................................................................... 69
Figure 4-18 LS18_App –Test SIM-Standard Simulation Mode Function Select Tab ........................................... 71
Figure 4-19 LS18_App –Test SIM NAND Playback Function Select Tab ................................................................... 74
Figure 4-20 LS18_App –Test Word Attribute Function Select Tab............................................................................. 76
Figure 4-21 LS18_App –Test Frame Attribute Function Select Tab ........................................................................... 78
Figure 4-22 FrmAttr Array - Controls ........................................................................................................................................ 79
Figure 4-23 LS18_App –Dynamic Word Function Select Tab....................................................................................... 81
Figure 4-24 LS18_App –Test NAND Function Select Tab .............................................................................................. 83
Figure 4-25 LS18_App –Info Sub-function Select: ENV ................................................................................................... 85
Figure 4-26 LS18_App –Info Sub-function Select: Configuration ................................................................................. 86
Figure 5-1 Test –SIM tab for Standard Telemetry Frame Setup.................................................................................... 89
Figure 5-2 Test –WdAttr tab for Standard Telemetry Frame Setup ............................................................................. 90
Figure 5-3 HOME tab for Standard Telemetry Frame Setup............................................................................................ 91
Figure 5-4 BER tab operations for Standard Telemetry Frame Setup .......................................................................... 92
Figure 5-5 TDynaSim Initiation –Hardware selections ...................................................................................................... 94
Figure 5-6 TDynaSim ACI Network Configuration Tab ...................................................................................................... 95
Figure 5-7 TDynaSim Initial Setup Steps.................................................................................................................................. 96
Figure 5-8 TDynaSim FrameWdAlgo Editor Steps ............................................................................................................... 97
Figure 5-7 TDynaSim Final Streaming Data Steps................................................................................................................ 98
Figure 5-9 Playback Upload Controls......................................................................................................................................100
Figure 5-10 File Playback Controls ...........................................................................................................................................101

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List of Tables
Table 1-1 General LS-18-M Device Specifications Table.................................................................................................. 13
Table 2-1 Primary IO Signal Electrical Definitions............................................................................................................... 17
Table 4-1 PCM Encoding Methods ........................................................................................................................................... 60
Table 5-1 Example PCM Frame Setup –Standard Mode................................................................................................. 88

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Acronyms
AM - Amplitude Modulation
ACI –Alternate Control Interface
BER - Bit Error Rate
BERT - Bit Error Rate Test
BNC - Bayonet Neill–Concelman (connector)
BPSK –Binary Phase Shift Keying
BW –Bandwdith
dB –Decibel
dBm –Decibel milliwatts
CH10 –Chapter 10 (Streaming and recording IRIG format)
CLK –Clock
DAT –Data
DPE –Real-time Data Processing Engine
DHCP –Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DSP - Digital Signal Processor or Digtial Signal Processing
Eb/No - Energy per bit/Noise Energy
EOF –End-of-File
FEC –Forward Error Correction
FM - Frequency Modulation
GHz - Giga Hertz
GUI –Graphical User Interface
Hz - Hertz
INV - Invert
IP - Internet Protocol
IRIG - Inter-Range Instrumentation Group
KB –Kilobyte
kHz - KiloHertz
LBW - Loop Bandwidth
LDPC - Low Density Parity Coding
LED - Light Emitting Diode
LSB - Least Significant Bit
Mbps - Mega Bits Per Second
MH-CPM - Multi-H Constant Phase Modulation
MHz - Mega Hertz
MSB - Most Significant Bit
NAND –Not-AND (serial Non-volitale Flash Memory Style)
NIC –Network Interface Card
PCMFM - Pulse Code Modulation Frequency Modulation
OQPSK - Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
OS - Operating System

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Acronyms (continued)
PCM - Pulse Code Modulation
PLL - Phase Lock Loop
PM - Phase Modulation
PSK –Phase Shift Keying
QPSK - Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
RF - Radio Frequency
SE - Single-Ended
SMA - Subminature Version A
SOQPSK-TG - Shapped Offset Quadrature Shift Keying - Task Group
TCP - Transmisson Control Protocol
USB - Universial Serial Bus

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1Introduction
1.1 General
The following document contains information on the Lumistar LS-18-R1 and LS-18-P multi-mode, multi-
band RF Test modulator product designed and manufactured by Lumistar Inc. The intent is to familiarize
the user with the device’s mechanical, electrical, and interconnection aspects as well as introduce and train
the user in the operations of the supplied software control applications provided as part of the device
delivery.
This document is not intended to define and illustrate the detailed communications protocol of the LS-18
necessary for independent software development. This information has not been released to date but will
be released in the device Interface Control Document (ICD). When published, the document number will
be DOC-18P-R1-ICD-xx where the –xx is the documentation revision number.
Consult the web site for the most recent release of all related product documentation.
1.2 Document Outline
This document contains the following sections:
▪Section 1 provides a document overview as well as a brief on the LS-18 design
▪Section 2 provides information on the hardware interfaces of the device
▪Section 3 provides information related to the device communications interface setup
▪Section 4 provides documentation of the LS18_App User Application
The document will occasionally utilize document flags to highlight important factors. These flags can
appear in any location and relate to any topic. A document flag will always be placed near pertinent
information. Document flag examples appear in Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1 Document Flag Formats

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1.3 Device Brief
The LS-18 is a sophisticated RF data modulator that is capable of modulating a single test data source in
up to five different RF band frequency ranges. Modulation data sources include internal PRN sources, IRIG
106 Frame data generated on-board, as well as up to two single-ended external clock and data sources and
two external RS422 clock and data sources to provide a means on ingesting external user sources. Based
on available options, data may be able to be streamed via UDP packets for retransmission or stored on the
unit in recording directories for playback. The provided user software interface allows the user to tune the
RF output frequency, select between the various modulation sources, select the RF modulation format, set
the output levels of the unit, select from various encoding techniques, setup on-board simulation sources,
and manage network assets. The LS-18 will output one (or optionally two) RF outputs at various user
selected output levels.
The general LS-18 block diagrams are shown in Figure 1-2. All block diagrams are related to the capabilities
of Revision 2 hardware. There are two distinct configurations that the system can be deliver in: an
autonomous RF test modulator version referred to as configuration 2A system and an autonomous RF test
modulator system with super-simulation and playback capabilities, or a 2B configuration.
The 2A configuration only contains a single network device and network connection. Its main processing
engine controls all of the RF modulation and level control as well as provides a convenient source of IRIG
106 Frame data and PRN data.
The 2B configuration contains a single network connection but communicates to two individual processing
engines in the system. One of the processing engines is dedicated to the RF modulation and RF level
controls of the output while the other engine is associated with providing PCM simulation data as both
IRIG106 frames and PRN sources, gathering and serializing real-time data from UDP packets for
transmission, as well as retrieving stored playback data sets from on-board memory storage.

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Figure 1-2 General Block Diagram of the LS-18 Configurations (Revision 2 HW)

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Some of the primary design objectives of the LS-18 product line were to reduce the platform size, to provide
an “OS-less” environment by eliminating product use of commercial software operating systems for
functional processing, to provide easy and flexible field upgrade/enhancements capabilities, and to provide
a network appliance for device control and data transport. The unit is controlled and monitored using a
100/10Mbps Ethernet interface with alternate controls being provided by USB.
At the heart of the modular design is a flexible and extensible DSP Engine. The device construction is via
two hardware sections, referred to as “slices”: RF and Control Processing Engine. New firmware personalities
and/or control processing revisions are easily updated in the field. No need to return the unit for most
modifications and updates.
The LS-18 is capable of handling up to five frequency bands as defined in the IRIG-106 specification. The
modulator can be configured to support PCM/FM (Tier 0), SOQPSK-TG (Tier 1), BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, and
Multi-H CPM (Tier 2). Data rate support is up to 40 Msps.
Some versions of the LS-18 are capable of accepting unencoded data and providing LDPC encoding (per
the IRIG-106 specification) prior to transmission.
Table 1-1 provides specifications for the LS-18M.
Table 1-1 General LS-18-M Device Specifications Table
2Hardware Interface
This document section will examine hardware design aspects including physical mounting of the device,
electrical interface standards involved with the user connections, power and cooling of the device, and
Category:
Specifications:
Details:
Mechanical
Envelope Dimensions ins. (mm.)
6.00 (152.4) L x 4.00 (101.6) W x 1.350 (34.29) H
Form Factor
Modular Brick
Weight oz. (kgs)
~ 28oz. (~0.79kgs.)
Electrical
Individual power requirements
9-42VDC
Nom. +24VDC @ 1.0A max.
Total Power (both during transmission)
~ 24 Watts (mode and data rate dependent)
Performance
RF
RF Output Bands (Up to 5 Optional)
1435.5-1534.5, 1750.5-1855.0, 2200.5-2299.5, 2200.5-2394.5,
4400.0-4950.0, 5090.0-5150.0, 5090.0-5250.0 MHz
Channel Spacing
0.25 MHz
Frequency Accuracy
0.002% (typ.)
VSWR:
1.5:1 Maximum
Variable Output Level Maximum (ea. Channel)
+20dBm/-90dBm (typ. Varies by Band); 100mW version
Step Variable Output
4 Steps; consult factory
Modulation
Types (optional)
PCMFM (Tier 0), BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, SOQPSK-TG (Tier 1), MH-
CPM (Tier 2)
FEC
LDPC (optional)
1024 and 4096 Block Sizes; Rates: 4/5, 2/3, 1/2
Connectors
RF Signal Output
(2) SMA Jack Receptacle
Digital I/O Connector
(1) MicroDSub-25 Plug
Power/Digital I/O Connector
(1) MicroDSub-25 Receptacle
Environmental
Temperature, Operational
-40° to 85° Celsius (Industrial)
Temperature, Storage
-40° to 125° Celsius
Humidity, non-condensing
<40° C 0-90%, >40° C 0-75%

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cabling options. This section will also provide specifications for various mechanical enclosures in which the
LS-18 system is delivered.
2.1 Mechanical Outline: Basic RF Modulator
The LS-18-M is described as a “brick” configuration having the same traditional footprint as a standard 3.5”
host computer hard disk drive. Figure 2-1 provides a diagram of the top view of the device. Figure 2-2
illustrates the various front-view configurations available.
Figure 2-1 Representative Top View of the LS-18-M brick assembly

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Figure 2-2 Front-View of the LS-18-M brick assembly
The device can be mounted using four UNC6-32 or Metric 3 or 3.5mm machine screws. Total device height
does not exceed 1.350 inches so the length of the mounting screw will only depend on the desired number
of mounting threads.
The LS-18-M contains two multi-color status LEDs on the front of the device. These are shown in figure 2-
2 and referenced as D1 and D2. The LEDs provide high-level functional status to the user and can be used
in physical location of a particular device in the case that multiple devices have been deployed.
The LEDs are tri-color: RED, GREEN, BLUE. During normal operations, the front LEDS will blink BLUE at a
very rapid pace directly after application of power. The LED will then proceed to blink on and off individulally
BLUE for an additional period. During this period of BLUE LED activity which last less than 10 seconds, no
communications with the unit is possible. Once both LEDs start alternating between GREEN and off with
each state being active for a 1 second period, the unit has full communications ability.
There is a FLASH LED function call that is available that will toggle the LEDS between a RED and BLUE state
for an approximate 8-second period via the application software. This is useful in verifying communications
with the device and locating a specific unit.

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If the unit D1/D2 LEDs are stuck at BLUE after boot, the user should power the unit down for 120-seconds
and then re-apply unit power. If after this power cycle the LEDs do not proceed to toggling GREEN, contact
customer service for additional support.
2.2 Interface Signals: Micro-D Sub Pin-outs
Figure 2-2 presents a front-view of the LS-18-M. This figure contains a reference table of LS-18-M interface
connectors. Figure 2-3 provides detailed interface pinouts of the Micro-D connections of the LS-18-M.
Figure 2-3 LS-18-M J11 and J12 Connector Pin-out Details (Revision 1 and Revision 2)

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2.3 Interface Signals: Electrical Definitions/Characteristics
The interface signals of the LS-18-M vary in type and electrical complexity. There are several different types
of signals deployed as detailed in Table 2-1.
Signal Name
Interface
Direction
Interface
Type
Input
Voltage
Range
Input
Ω
Output
Voltage
Output
Ω
See
Note
CLK Input
I
Digital
5V
1
DAT Input
I
Digital
5V
1
CLK +/- Input
I
RS422
3.4V Diff
100Ω
2
DAT +/- Input
I
RS422
3.4V Diff
100Ω
2
9-42VDC In
PWR
Power
9-42VDC
3
Pwr Rtn
PWR
Power
GND
3
Ext Shut Down
I
Digital
GND
4
SER TX/RX
I/O
RS232
5
USB_D+/-
I/O
USB 2.0
6
Notes:
1.) Transceiver: SN74LVC2T45. 5V inputs switch logic state at >3.5V logic switching levels. Output voltage can be 3.3V. Consult
factory for availability.
2.) Transceiver: ISL3259E prior to HW Rev 10, MAX22501 in HW Rev 10+; 100-120 ohm differential termination
3.) DC input voltage can vary from 9V-42V. Per pin current limit is 3A.
4.) Pull below 2.2V for shutdown. Leave unconnected or pull-up for normal operation. Ground or pull low for shutdown. Input
tolerance: -40V to 100V.
5.) RS232 transceiver: SN75C3221E. This device is capable of 1Mbps transactions. Firmware limits the BAUD rate to 250kbps.
RS232 interface is active simultaneously with USB2.0 and Ethernet interfaces.
6.) USB2.0 operation only. USB interface is active simultaneously with RS232 and Ethernet interfaces.
Table 2-1 Primary IO Signal Electrical Definitions

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2.4 Desktop chassis Cabling Interfaces
The LS-18-M in the Desktop chassis assembly is typically delivered with a set of two interface cables. These
cables interface connections on the Micro D-Sub connections to more commonly available interface
connections such as BNC, USB-B, DSub9 and HD15 connections.
Cables are not typically provided for the Ethernet interface or the SMA RF connections. Consult the Lumistar
Factory if you are interested in the purchase of any of these cables.
Cables are defined in detail in Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5 that follow. Revision information is clearly marked
on the cable assemblies. There are cabling options that are available. Consult your Lumistar sales
representative for available options.

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Figure 2-4 P11 User Interface Cable (Rev 2 HW)

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Figure 2-5 P12 User Interface Cable (Rev 2 HW)