IntheMclntoshUnityCoupledcircuitone
ofthebifilarprimarywindingsisconnected
throughthepowersupplytotheplateand
cathodeofoneoftheoutputtubes.Theother
bifilarprimarywindingissimilarlyconnected
totheothertube.
Alllowdistortionhighpoweramplifiers
usepush-pulloutputcircuitsknownasClass
AB1,AB2orB.Twotubesarearrangedina
balancedcircuit.Thispermitseachtubeto
operatealternatelysomewhatoverhalfthe
time.Comparedtofulltimeoperationofthe
tubes,thepush-pullmethodreducesheating
andpermitsmorepowerfroma giventypeof
tube.Despitethisadvantageoftheconven-
tionalpush-pullcircuitoneprobleminpar-
ticularremainedtobesolved.Whencurrent
ineachtubeiscutofftobegintheidleperiod
distortionisproducedattheinstantofcut
offandagainattheinstantwhencurrent
flows.Thisformofdistortionisknownas
NotchDistortionandwaswellillustratedby
Mr.PenTungSahinthe"Proceedingsofthe
I.R.E."Volume24,pp1522-1541in1936.
Imperfectcouplingbetweentheprimary
windingsfoundinallconventionaloutput
transformersproducesthenotchdistortion.
Tryingtoimprovecouplingina convention-
altransformerdecreasesthepowerresponse
atbothlowandhighfrequencies,heating
theoutputtubesandloweringtheavailable
poweroutput.
TheMclntoshUnityCoupledoutputcir-
cuitandbifilartransformeristhefirstcom-
mercialbreakthroughthateliminatesnotch
distortionbycouplingbothoutputtubes
almosttoperfection.IntheMclntoshtrans-
formertheextremelyclosecouplingofthe
bifilarwindingsremovestheconditionwhich
permitsnotchdistortion.Furthermorethe
twooutputtubesarearrangedaspartial
cathodefollowers.Halfoftheoutputcircuit
isinthecathodeandhalfintheplateofeach
tube.Theoutputtubesnowareoperatingin
alocalfeedbackloopwhich,reducestheir
distortion,reducestheirinternalgenerator
resistance,andreducestheirbalance
requirements.TheMclntoshcircuitin
realityperfectspush-pullhighefficiency
outputcircuits.
Goodvoltageregulationinthepower
supplypermitsoverloadswithoutovershoot
orblocking,providesgoodtransientre-
sponse,andcompletestability.Toimprove
regulationa siliconrectifierpowersupplyis
usedintheMC225.Inadditiontobetter
voltageregulation,thesiliconrectifierallows
evenhigheroperatingefficiency,cooler
operation,andlongeramplifierlife.
Togreatlyextendtubeandcomponent
lifea thermistorintheMC225limitscurrent
surgesproducedwhentheequipmentis
turnedon.Thethermistorisa specialtypeof
resistor.Itsresistancedependsonitstem-
perature.Whentheamplifierisoffthetherm-
istorhasa highresistancevalue(about79
ohms).Justaftertheamplifieristurnedon
thecurrentwhichflowsthroughthetherm-
istorheatsitandcausesitsresistanceto
decreasetoa lowvalue(lessthan.7ohms).
CurrentisthuslimitedwhentheMC225is
firstturnedonbutisnotlimitedastheunit
warms.
ELECTRICALSPECIFICATIONS
PowerOutput:
Stereoortwinamplifier:25wattscon-
tinuousperchannel
Monophonic:50wattscontinuous
HarmonicDistortion:
Lessthan0.5%atratedoutputorless,
20cyclesthrough20,000cycles.Typical
performanceis0.3%orlessat20cycles
and20,000cyclesatfullpower.Typical
performanceinthemidfrequenciesis
0.1%orlessatfullpower.
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