Microlog Baby Blue CPU Plus User manual

-- .....
-caaby -
calue,.
CPU Plus
User's Manual
Version 2.0
222 Route 59
Suffern, New York 10901
[phone]

TABLE Or' CONTENTS
~------ -.- --.--~--
1. I NTRODUCT'I ON ••.•••.•••••••••••••••..•••......
1.1 WHO OR WHAT IS BABY BLU£? .......•.............•..... l-
1.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS •••••••.•••••...•....•...•.....••• 1-
1.3 ABou'r THIS MANUAL ••..••••••••.•••.•••......••...•..••• 1.-
1 _4 S YM,B.OLS •••••••••• _ ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••.•••••• 1-
2. !LAB'! BLUE HARDWARE r NSTALLA'l' ION •••••••••••••••••••.•••••• 2-
2.1 THE 'EASY WA'i •••••••••••• ~ •••••••••••••.••••••••.•••••• 2-
2.11 CHECK FACTORY SWITCH Sr.T'frNG ................... 2-
2.12 RUN DIAGNOSTICS •.••••••••.•••••.•........•.••••• 2-
2.13 'CUST0!'1!.'.AT[')N .•...••.•.•....•..........•.....•• . i·
2.14 StAt·l:; 1·:LL\·TI\l\.:!·~··I .••...... , ..................... '
2.2 OPTIONS: 1'H"~ ItMW WAy .••••••••••••••.••...••...••.•... \
1. . 21 WHAT TIlL: .:"i , T .HE ~ ~·H·. A:-.i. • • . . . . • , . . .
. ~ ~ 22 BAS Ie PROt'j;.l:I.JH: •.. , .•••.•...•... , . ,
2.23 AVOIDI NG "iU:S r;RVED" MEMORy., .•...
2.24 RESOLVING CONfLICTS ..•...........
2.25 SYSTEM BOARO ~WITCHES .•••....•...
2.J CUSTOMIZATION NOTES •••••••••.••••.•••..•.••.• ~ .•••• 2·
2.31 DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS ........................... 2·
2.32 BABY BLUE DIP SWITCHE$ •••.•••..••......•.•.•••.. 2·
1.33 ~OTE SYSTEM CONFIGORAT10N
••.... ~ , , .............. 2··
2 . J4 1aM PC -1 ............."..............,.......... 2·
2 • 3 ',; I 8M PC - 2 ••..•••••••••.•••••••.•......•.••....• 2 .. I
2. 36 I BM PC/Xl' ..•..••.• : .•...••••••.•..........•.... ".!. -1
2. ')7 rJTHER PC'.-;.......................... . .......... .;-;

2.4 STEP BY STEP HARDWARE INSTALLATION •••••••••••••••••• 2-14
2.41 IBM PC - ALL MODELS ...•...............•........ 2-l4
2.411 Begin .....•.•.•....•.•.............•••... 2-14
2.412 Remove Cover ....•..........•............. 2-14
2.4l3 Verify Switch Settings .....•............. 2-14
2.414 Choose Expansion Socket ..••.••........... 2-14
2.415 Install Baby Blue ........................ 2-14
2.416 Reconnect Cables and Test System ......... 2-15
2.417 Finishing Up ............................. 2-1S
3. OPERATION: RUNNING ~P/M PROGRAMS •••••••••••••••••••••••• 3-1
3.1 GETTING STARTED •••••••••• " •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3-1
3.ll DOS COMMANDS .............•.......•...•...•.....• 3-l
3.12 THE BABY BLUE UTILITIES ••............•...•...... 3-1
3.13 OPERATING fUNDAMENTALS ..•••..................... 3-3
3.2 MEDIA COMPATIBILITY: ACCESS TO CP/M DISKETTES •.•••••• 3-5
3.21 THE PROBLEM OF STANDARDS ••...................... 3-5
3.22 MICROLOG FILE TRANSFER UTILITIES ..........••...• 3-5
3.221 5" CP/M Diskettes ......................... 3-5
3.2228" Diskettes •••••..•••................•... 3-6
3.23 SERIAL COMMUNIC\TIONS ..........................• 3-6
3.24 OTHER ALTERNATIVES ......•..•..................•. 3-6
3.3 IMPORTING CP/M PROGRAMS: COMPATIBILITY ••••••••••••••• 3-7
3.31 DEFINITION .•.................................... 3-7
3.32 TEXT .~ND l),4,TA fILES ............................. 3-7
3 • 33 0 PER AT I "l (; CON SID ER 1\ T I UN S .•..•....•...•.......•.. 3- 8
3.4 BABY BLUE AS A CP/M DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM .•.••.•••••••• 3-1~
3.41 TI<AtJSP:\RE'::-,k-:Y OF Hf->U!·:I, Jf:Fl".:l::l ................. 3-l\1
3.411
3.412
50 413
3 .414
Ru 1 ,~,
Ru L,c
Ru 1·::
I~u 1,:
I: Cr'?clt.in'J CO,"\ Files ............. 3-1~J
I I : )p ,_, 11 1 :1;J E XIS tIn cJ C () t'l F tl e s • . . . . 3 - 1 1
I I I: C () P / 1 [) '3 a C0 ~ F 11 '2 • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3- L 1
IV: l)iJl'111n'l UnuuUlld COM [·'i l,.'s ....... 3-12
3.42 E:XPORTING PPOGK;~MS ............•................ ]-12

4. BABY BLUE REFERENCE MANUA~ ............................... 4
4.l INTRODUCTION .•.•••.••................................ 4·
4.2 CONTROL FUNCT IONS ............•.................•..... 4-
4. J CONSOLE EMULAT I ON •.••...••..•••..•...........••.•.••. 4-
4 • 3 1 l> E :.) CHI t) T i UN. • • • • • • . • • . • • • • • • . . . . . . . • • . . • • . • . • • . . 4 -
~.J2 PURPOSE ••.•••.••.•.....••••••.........•......••• 4-
4.33 VIDEO OUTPUT •••••••...•.•••...•...••••••••.••.•• 4-
4. !31 Oper':ltlO:1 .••.••.••.••.••.......•••..•.•••• 4-
4.332 VIJeo Control .::-ooes ...•..........•...•.... 4-
4.34 KEYBOARD INPUT •.....•....•.•......•........•... 4-1
4.341 IJptO!r,ltlon •.•••.•..•..••.................. 4-1
4 • 14 2 TV ':J ') III Fun c t ion Key Pro:) r cl ,nm I n 'J •.•••.•••.• 4- 1
4.343 K<.?yboarJ Defaults ....................... 4-]
4.344 C:nulatin') TV9SG KeyboiHcl D'''~,1.Jlts ....•.•. 4-L
4.4 OPERATING SYSTEM TRANSLATOR .••. · ..•................•. 4-1
4.41 DESCRrpTIO~ ..•..•........•.................... . 4-1
4.42 PURPOSE ........................................ 4-i
4.43 CP/M BOOS FUNCTION CALLS ....................... 4-1
4.44 CP/M BIOS CALLS ................................ 4-2
4.441 Logical to Physical Sector Mripplng ...... 4-2
4.442 BIOS Entry Points ........................ 4-2
4.5 EXTENDED BOOS FUNCTION CALLS ••••••••...•..•.•••••••. 4-2~
4.5l DESCRIPTION .................................... 4-2'
4.52 PURPOSE •..•••.••••.....•....•..•..........•.••• 4-2'.
4.53 OPERATION •..•....••.•......•.•.............•••• 4-2~
4.531
Ca L I
4.532
Call
4.513
Call
4.534
C.'li 1
4.535
Ca I 1
<1. I) 36
Ca 1 1
4.537
C,'1l1
4.538
Ca 1 L
4.539
Ca II
247:
248:
249:
250:
251 :
252:
253:
254 :
255:
Chai:1 ....••.••..............•. 4-21:
8088 Soft·.,.;ar2 Interrupt •.•.•... 4-2(;
System ~e~ory alo~k ~ove Down •• 4-27
Syst~~m Memory t3l.JCk :1,)\'e ~p .... 4-28
Peek systt·m Memory Byt" ........ 4-2:1
Poki.' ~;yst,-,rn M\JinllfY Byt. •. ' ..•.•••• 4-2H
(>088'BIOS Call. ................ 4-29
Out p 11 t t~ 0 Ii 0 S l 1 ,') I' l} r t ..•..••. 4 - 2 '1
Input trom H(1S~_ : I P')r .......... 4-2'l

4.6 HARDWARE FUNCTIONS •.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4-39
4.61 Z-80 PORT ADDRESS DECODING ••.••.••••••••••••••• 4-30
4.62 Z-80 CONTROL LINES •.•••••.•.••••.••.••••••••.•. 4-30
4.63 MEMORY ARBITRATION .•••••••••.•••••••••..••.•••• 4-32
Appendices
A. THE BABY BLUE UTILITIES ••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••••••• A-l
A.1 BIND: THE CP/M-80 PROGRAM IN PC-DOS FORMAT •.•••••••• A-1
A.2 CONVERT: ACCESS TO CP/M DISKETTES .•••••••••••••..•••. A-3
A.3 KEYFIX: AUTOMATING YOUR KEYBOARD ••••••..•••••••••••• A-6
A.4 DIAGNOSTICS: TESTZ80 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~-13
B. APPLICATIONS NOTES •••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••••••••• B-l
B.l EMULATING THE "SAVE" FUNCTION: DEBUG.DDT ••••••••••••• B-l
C~',WARRANTY INFORMATION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• C-l
iv

TABLES
2-1: Factory Switch Setting .•.........•........•.......•....• 2-
2-2: DIP Switch Settings .•.......•........................... 2-
2-3: IBM PC-I: Mother Board SW2 Settings ..................... 2-
2-4: IBM PC-2: Mother Board SW2 Settings .................... 2-1
4-1: Memory Map ••••........•................................. 4-
4-2: Televideo 950 Video Control Codes ....................... 4-
4-3: TV95~ Escape Sequence: Load Function Key ............... 4-1
4-4: TV950 Function Key Codes •....•........•..•.•......•...• 4-1
4-5: Function Key Default Definitions .....•......•.........• 4-1
4-6: Televideo 9513 Function Key Defaults .................... 4-1'
4-7: Z-80 Functions Control Byt2 ..•...•.•.....•.•........•.. 4-3:
4-8: Address Decoding ••......•......•....•....•..........••. 4-3;
4-9: Segment and Port Assignments ...•......•....••.•.••••..• 4-3:

INTRO
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHO OR WHAT II BABY BLUE?
Baby Blue is d singl~-b03rd microcomputer which enables the IBM
Personill Comput~r to run programs written for the CP/M-SO
operatin~ system. Although small enough to fit in a single
expansion slot, it contains a high-speed Z-80B microprocessor and
a full 64 Kilobyt~s of memory, making it actually more powerful
than most first-generation microcomputers.
The name derives from "Big alue", IBM's traditional nickname.
"Baby" connotes a symbiosis in which Baby Blue handles CP/M-S"
code written for the Z-80, while depending on the the host PC's
8Ci188 microprocessor to manage "life support" (operating system)
functions - keyboard, screen, disk Jrives, ~rinters, etc. The
cloHenoss of this "mother-child" relationship is Baby Blue's
unique strength: you get dual operating system capability under
PC-DOS alone, not the hasHle of maintaining two separate
operating systems.
If you can operate the PC, you can operate Baby Blue - there are
no new commands to learn, all peripheral devices work the same
way, and all programs use PC-DOS diskettes. You actually can't
tell the difference between a "native
ll
program and a program
which uses Baby Blue - in effect, CP/M-80 becomes a vast library
of time-tested, mature PC-DOS programs in a dizzying variety of
applications. It's a whole world - the largest and most profes-
sional software resource available for microcomputers - yet it's
almost unknown to many PC owners. We think you'll enjoy
explor i ng it.
By the way, Baby Blue doubles as a 64K memory expansion, although
it can be placed outside system memory if you're pressed for
space. You also get programmable function keys (KEYFIX), a file
transfer utility which gives you access to diskettes in a number
of CP/M formats (CONVERT), and a communications program with
sophisticated error checking for exchanging files with other
computers (BSTAM).
Baby Blue runs in most IBM-PC compatibles;
a companlon product, BabyTex, for use in
IProfessional Computer.
1-1
Microlog manufactures
the Texas Instruments

INTRO
1.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Baby Blue works in an IBM PC or compatible machine, with the
following minimum characteristics:
64 Kilobytes system RAM (l28K recommended for some
applications) •
-One 5" floppy disk drive (one other drive recommended; it
need not utilize 5" floppies) .
-PC-DOS
(or MS-DOS) Version 1.1 or 2.0.
1. 3 ABOUT THIS MANUAL
Although Baby Blue is simple to install and use, it is also a
subtle, mature design with a broad history of proven applica-
tions.The board's many special features and other esoterica make
this a long book, but it's structured to gJve you easy access to
the information you need at any level.
To~~t you up and running quickly, we begin with a simplified
inst:~llation procedure, requiring nothing more complicated than
phys~cally plugging Baby Blue into an expansion socket. The
factory configuration sidesteps the issues of switch settings and
memory mapping entirely, avoiding the painful part of most
installations. There is one drawback: you won't get a 64K memory
expartsion with this method, and if this is important to you,
you'Ll have to come back later to reconfigure the board.
However, . it is definitely the quick way to start running
programs on your Baby Blue.
with your board installed,' you can skip to Chapter 3, "Operation"
- within half a dozen pages, you'll already have run a sample
CP/M program. The remainder of Chapter 3 will fill you in on the
fine points of Baby Blue's capabilities, and the Appendix
contains in-depth reference sections for all the Microlog
utilities.
The rest is background and technical information about the inner
workings of Baby Blue's hardware and softwar~. It's meant for
the interested user as well as the experi~nced programmer who
wants to design his own applications.
1-2

INTRO
1.4 SYMBOLS
The following symbols ar~ used throughout t~ls text:
<CR>
< >
[xxx] -
Carriage Return,
"Retrn" key .,hen you
or Enter: press
see this symbol.
the
"Ent~rlt
or
All chardcters ~nclosed by this symbol 3re non-printi~g
keystrokes used for control purpose~: they are typed
but will not appe3r on your s~reen.
items enclosed in squ3re br3ckets must appear, but are
variable depending on context or user response.
Boldface indicates characters appearing on your screen.
c:
s:
d:
e:
Indefinite control drive name. A place-holder 3howing
where to putthename of the disk drive containing the
command file you wish to invoke.
Indefinite source drive name. A place-holder showing
where to put the name of the disk drive from which you
are getting a file. ----
Indefinite destination drive name. A place-holder
showing where to put the name of the disk drive you are
writing to.
Another indefinite drive name.
1-3

INTRO
NOTES:
1-4

INSTALL
2. BABY BLUE HARDWARE INSTALLATION
2.1 THE EASY WAY
I~ you'.ce qazing with horror ~t the :naze of ch-3rts and instruc-
~lons In this chapter, we've got good news: y~u probably won't
need them. If you've Qver installed an expansion board, just
read to the end of this section; then open your System Unit, plug
B3by Blue into an expansion slot, and close up (if at all pos-
s iole, avo id the Ie f tmos t slot - the one fa r thes t fr om the power
supply) .
Even if you've never been inside your System Unit, we've included
step-by-step instructions for all IBM PC's (See 2.41). This
section is also generally valid for IBM-compatibles not specifi-
cally covered - use it in conjunction with the manufacturer's
documentation for your machine.
The only tool required is a medium blade-type screwjriver.
2.11 CHECK FACTORY SWITCH SETTING
Before beginning, check the "DIP" switch unit ~t Baby Blue's
right center - it's a brightly-colored rectangular block contain-
ing eight tiny sliding switches, with numbers to match. It's
also marked "ON" and "OFF" - the switches are set by sliding them
in the indicated direction, and should come from the factory as
shown below. Reset any switches that are incorrect.
Table 2-1: Factory Switch Setting
Switch Number:
1 2 3 4 567 a
Setting:
[I [] [] [] ON
[] [] [) [) T
2.12 RUN DIAGNOSTICS
Just before replacing the System Unit cover, make sure your
system powers up and otherwise behaves normally; then insert a
working copy (never the original) of your Baby Blue diskette, and
type:
TESTza9 <CR>
, This will test your hardware installation, including all circui-
tryon Baby Blue itself. If TESTZa9 returns any errors, or your
system behaves abnormally, turn to the Appendix under
DIAGNOS'rI cs.
2-1

I HSTALL
2.13 CUSTOHIZATIOH
The standard installation has one drawback - it doesn't let Baby
Blue double as a 64K memory expansion. The rest of this chapter
is about alternate switch settings - use them when you want to
add Baby Blue's 64K to system memory or when the factory con-
figuration proves unsuitable. As you'll see, choosing the
proper setting is complicated, because it involves your total
system configuration - the mother board, other expansion boards,
and Baby Blue itself. We've given you a configuration which
works for all current machines as originally manufactured; only a
few unusual systems will absolutely require customized switch
settings.
We suggest:" that everyone take the simple route first, if only to
be sure that Baby Blue is functioning properly. Try the board
out, run some programs, and get comfortable. Then come back if
you like, to customize the installation and pick up your bonus
64K.
2~14 STATIC ELECTRICITY
A
word about static electricity - the kind that gives you a shock
when you touch a doorknob or another person - it can damage
~ntegrated circuits; the memory chips in your computer and on
Baby Blue are particularly vulnerable. Professionals often take
sp.cial precautions to insure that sparks don't jump from their
own' bodies to the circuit boards on which they are working. You
aren't likely to have trouble if you observe elementary
precautions such as "tagging up" on a metal table to discharge
yourself before handling any circuit boards. However, if you're
in a place where you get a lot of little shocks, it's time to
look into antistatic sprays and other products for high-static
environments - those jolts aren't doing your computer any good
during normal operation.
2-2

INSTALL
2.2 OPTIONS: THE HARD WAY
You're here because you're not satisfied \lith th~ f . .lctory CO:1fi-
guration: most likely you want to use Baby 31ue's 64K for syste~
memory, as well as for running CP/M progrdms. i.Je'll berJin with
some background information, paying special ~ttention to unusunl
factors which may affect your installation. Even if you have some
experience, please scan these introductory notes to see if th~re
are any problems you may have overlooked.
2.21 WHAT THE SWITCHES MEAN
Although Baby Blue is a self-contained microcomputer, your opera-
ting system sees it as a simple 64K memory expansion. Meffiory is
divided into "Pages", or "Segments" of 64K each; when you set
Baby Blue's switches, you assign it to a single Page number such
as "1", "2", etc. The number must be unique, because your system
uses it to locate this particular block of memory: no two
physical blocks of ~mory can share the ~me Page number. ---
"System memory" is general-purpose memory available to the opera-
ting system. It includes all Pages starting with "0" (which is
always on the mother board) and counting up to the first empty
Page. Any memory above the first empty Page is excluded from
system memory, meaning that it can only be used for special
purposes.
The factory setting assigns Baby Blue to the highest numbered
Page not reserved by the operating system, which is Page "E" in
hexadecimal notation (Page "14" in our normal way of counting).
Since this is outside the normal range of system memory, you
don't have to worry about the schemes used by different computers
to reserve parts of low system memory, or about other expansion
boards (only a few have been designed to use this Page). The
result is a simple, universal installation procedure - but you
don't get a 64K expansion to system memory.
The following instructions assume that you want to map Baby Blue
contiguously at the top of system memory, to gain a 64K
expansion.
2.22 BASIC PROCEDURE
To map Baby Blue into system memory, refer to Table 2-2 ("Baby
Blue DIP Switch Settings"), after determining how many Kilobytes
of memory you have, including Baby Blue. Match this number
under "New Total Memory", and read across to determine your Page
number and corresponding switch settings. ,This will put Baby
Blue's starting address on the first available Page (lowest
number) after allowing for all memory presently installed in your
system. For example, if you have 64K already, this uses up Page
'" so Baby Blue goes on Page 1. If you have 64K plus a 256K
expansion board, you've used up Pages ",1,2,3 and 4 (five Pages
of 64K each, or 32"K) 10' so Baby Blue goes on Page 5.
2-3

IMSTALL
2.23 AVOIDING -RESERVED- MEMORY
Some machines effectively reserve low-numbered Pages for memory
chips to be installed in sockets directly on the mother board.
In these cases, you wi 11 have to pretend you have no less than a
certain amount of memory installed when you use the chart to set
Baby Blue's switches. For example, the IBM PC-2 reserves the
first four Pages (9, 1, 2, and 3) for the 256 Kilobytes which
can be installed on the motherboard - your lowest possible
switch setting will put Baby Blue on Page 4, corresponding to
329K total memory. This is true even if you actually have less
than 329K, including Baby Blue.
Note that if the mother board has not been fully populated, a
gap will appear in the sequence of memory Pages: if you have
memory assigned to Pa,ges 9 and 1 (128K), with Baby B'lue assigned
to Page 4, there is a gap at Pages 2 and 3. In this case you
can't have a 64K memory expansion anyway, so you might as well
stick to the standard installation.
2.24 RESOLVIMG COM~LICTS
You may need to insert Baby Blue somewhere in the middle of
~ystem memory, rather than at the very top. For example, most
RAMdisk software is designed to use all of system memory above,
some predefined Page. If Baby Blue's memory is at the top of
system memory, the RAMdisk will attempt to use it at the same
. time as Baby Blue's microprocessor. The system will see contra-
~ictory information and shut down in confusion. The answer is to
'·.et Baby Blue as 'low as possible in system memory, that is,
immediately after the memory on the motherboard. Then tell the
RAHdisk software to begin using memory starting somewhere above
Baby Blue.
If you don't expect any difficulties, j.ust go ahead and install
Baby Blue at the top of system memory, but should a problem
develop, or if there is any question of compatibility with
another expansion board, the best procedure is to remove all
expansion ~emory boards and complete the Baby Blue installation,
including testing, as if the other boards did not exist. This
will put Baby Blue's memory immediately above the memory on the
mother boa rd. Then ins ta 11 the other boa rds, and reset all
switches per the manufacturer's instructions, counting the addi-
tional 64K of Baby Blue memory which you have just installed.
The Quad ram 256K Quadboard and the IBM 32K expansion memory
board are known to conflict with Baby Blue unless you position
them above Baby Blue in system memory. Many other RAM boards
w~ll not permit any memory to be installed above them unless they
are fully populated, even if the empty banks are theoretically
disabled.
The factory setting avoids such complications, which arise only
when you m3ke Baby Blue part of system ~emory.
2-4

INSTALL
2.25 SYSTEM BOARD SWITCHES
The switches on the mother board tell the computer's operating
syst~m how much memory is available in the system, and how it is
o r 9 ani z·~ d ; a 1 so, so me 0 f the s wit c he s ref 1ec t you r ha r d war e
configuration (hOlll many disk drives, what kind of monitor, etc.).
Each cime you turn power on, the operatiny system interrogates
the switches and proceeds according to the information it finds
there. The information required will vary from machine to
machine.
For example, the IBM PC needs to be "told" both how much me.nory
is inst~lled directly on the mother board, and also how much
total memory is available, including any expansion boards. By
contrast, you tell the PC!XT how much memory is on the mother
board, but it figures out how much total memory is in the system
without reference to any switches. There are also two versions of
the PC: an older one which can socket 64K of RAM on the mother
board, and a newer version, the "PC-2", which sockets 256K of RAM
on the mother board. The switch blocks on these two machines
appear to be similar, but have different meanings, so you must
know which machine you have. Some systems have no switches at
alL
Don't touch any switches on the mother board unless you change
the amount of system memory. Since the factory setting excludes
Baby Bl ue from system memory, the standard i nsta llat i on doesn't
affect the mother board.
2-5

IHSTALL
2.3 CUSTOMIZATIOH HOTES
2.31 DETAILED IMSTRUCTIOHS
This Section covers the fine points of configuring for specific
machines. Select yours from the following:
(2.34) IBM PC 1
(
2. 35) IBM PC 2
(2.36) IBM PC/XT
(2.37) Other IBM-Compatible PC's
2.32 BABY BLOE DIP SWITCHES
A master chart of possible Baby Blue switch settings appears in
Table 2-2: refer to it for all installations. To map Baby Blue
into system memory, find the switch setting which corresponds to
the ~ilobytes of total memory installed in your system, including
Baby Blue's 64K. For other applications, assign Baby Blue to the
desired Page (Segment). Switches 1 through 3 must always be ON,
switch 8 must always be OFF.
2";l3 HOTE SYSTEM COHPIGORATIOH
Bef~re going on, you should note your "system configuration" as
it affects Baby Blue, including especially:
- exactly which system and model you have, so that you can
refer to the proper set of instructions.
how much memory you have in Kilobytes, and how it is
distributed between the "mother" board and expansion memory
boards.
- the manufacturer and model name of any expansion boards,
particularly memory expansions and disk drive interfaces.
- type of monitor (screen) and video interface.
- any installations made in software to your operating system,
for example whether you are using disk emulator software
(often called "RAMdisk", or "pseudo disk"), or a print
spooler.
2-6

New Total
Me;nory
l28K
192K
2S6K
320K
384K
448K
Sl2K
S76K
640K
704K
768K
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
INSTALL
Table 2-2: DIP Switch Settings
Switch Settin~ Baby Blue
Memory
1 2 3 4 ~_~~_~ ___________ ~~~~~~~~~nt
TffiITTfTITr---- ON
______ LLli T
TITiTfrrfr-- rr - ON
______ lL __ .U T
[] [] [] [J [J --- ON
.LLiLll T
[] [] [] [] [] [J ON
___ -1] [] T
[] [] [] [] --[]--- ON
[] [] [) T
[] [) [) [) [] ON
[] [J [] T
[] [] [] [] ON
__ -...[ ULWl T
[] [J (] [) [J [J ON
[1 [] T
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
[] [J [] [] [] ON-4- r5/S 9
[] [] [1 T
[J [1 [] [] [J ON
A*
[] [] [] T
[] [] [] [] ON
B*
[] [] (] [] T
[] [] [J [] [] ON
C*
[] [J [J T
[] [] [) [] ON
D*
(] [] [] (] T
[] (] () (] ON
E*
[] [] [J [] T
[] [] (] ON
F*
[}[][][)[) T
* One or more Pages in the range A through F are reserved by
all machines. For specifics, find your computer in the
Customization Notes which follow.
2-7

IHSTALL
2.34 IBM PC-l
The PC-1 was IBM's first Personal Computer, manufactured
until about March 1983. It sockets 64K on the mother board,
was supplied with DOS 1.1, and has five expansion slots.
Find the two DIP switch blocks in the middle of the mother board,
faintly labelled SWl and SW2 -SW2 is to the right, almost dead
center in the System Unit, and SWl is to the left.
Examine SWl, switches 3 and 4 : they should both be OFF. If they
are not, go no farther: this indicates that you do not have 64
Kilobytes of memory installed on the system board and your system
does not meet the minimum system requirements for uslng Baby Blue
(are you sure you're looking at the right switches?).
If you are mapping Baby Blue into system memory, calculate your
total memory in Kilobytes, including the 64K on Baby Blue. Find
the resulting figure under "New Total Memory" in Table 2-3, and
set SW 2 on the mother board to match the corresponding line of
the chart.
The PC-l addresses a maximum of 544K as system memory. Baby Blue
'can still be mapped above that point, but you won't see
addi tional system memory. Set Baby Blue's swi tches according to
Section 2.31 (Baby Blue DIP Switch Settings), avoiding the
reserved Pages listed below.
RESERVED PAGES (Hex): A, B.
2-8

INSTALL
Table 2-3: IBH PC-l: Mother Board SW2 Settings
New Total
Switch Setting
("'emory
____________ l:._~_~_!2_§._~_i!. _____ _
128K
Tf--Tf"n------ --
ON
-lL __ .lL Utili
T
192K
TITf--Tf----
ON
[]
[1 LULU T
----
256K
[1
[]
ON
-.--llJ..L _lLWLil
T
320K
[] (] t]
ON
[llllilUl
T
384K
[1 [J ON
~-ll1LLUUl
T
448K [1 []
ON
[] [] [J [J [1 [J
T
512K
[]
ON
tl [1 [1 [] [J [1 [J
T
544K+
ON
[] [1 [l (1 II [] [] [J
T
Switches 5,6,7 and 8 are always OFF.
2-9

INSTALL
2.35 IBM PC-2
This is the second generation of IBM PC's, featuring a
motherboard which can hold up to 256K of RAM before it is
necessary to install additional memory boards. The left edge
of the mother board is marked, "64KB-256KB CPU".
Calculate your total system memory in Kilobytes, including Baby-
Blue's 64K - this figure is your "New Total Memory". The PC-2
reserves the first four· Pages of system memory (0,1,2 and 3), or
the first 256K, for memory installed directly on the mother
board. Therefore, your first available Page is 4, configured as
follows:
New Total
Memory
.'128-320K
Switch Setting
1 2 3 4 567 8
[] [] [] [) [) [) ON
[] [] T
Baby Blue
Memory
Page/Segment
4
Fbr total memory greater than 320K, refer to Table 2-2 ("BabyBlue
DI~ Switch Settings"). Avoid the reserved Pages listed below.
If -your calculated figure for "New Total Memory" is less than
320K (i.e., if your mother board is not fully populated), Baby
Blue cannot add 64K to system memory, and you shouldn't change
any ~witches on the mother board. If your mo~her board was fully
populated, you now have available 320K or more total system
memory, and should set SW2 on the mother board as shown in Table
2-4.
RESERVED PAGES (Hex): 1, 2, 3, A, B.
2-10