Microlog Baby Blue CPU Plus User manual

-- .....
-caaby -
calue,.
CPU Plus
User's Manual
Version 2.0
222 Route 59
Suffern, New York 10901
[phone]

TABLE Or' CONTENTS
~------ -.- --.--~--
1. I NTRODUCT'I ON ••.•••.•••••••••••••••..•••......
1.1 WHO OR WHAT IS BABY BLU£? .......•.............•..... l-
1.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS •••••••.•••••...•....•...•.....••• 1-
1.3 ABou'r THIS MANUAL ••..••••••••.•••.•••......••...•..••• 1.-
1 _4 S YM,B.OLS •••••••••• _ ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••.•••••• 1-
2. !LAB'! BLUE HARDWARE r NSTALLA'l' ION •••••••••••••••••••.•••••• 2-
2.1 THE 'EASY WA'i •••••••••••• ~ •••••••••••••.••••••••.•••••• 2-
2.11 CHECK FACTORY SWITCH Sr.T'frNG ................... 2-
2.12 RUN DIAGNOSTICS •.••••••••.•••••.•........•.••••• 2-
2.13 'CUST0!'1!.'.AT[')N .•...••.•.•....•..........•.....•• . i·
2.14 StAt·l:; 1·:LL\·TI\l\.:!·~··I .••...... , ..................... '
2.2 OPTIONS: 1'H"~ ItMW WAy .••••••••••••••.••...••...••.•... \
1. . 21 WHAT TIlL: .:"i , T .HE ~ ~·H·. A:-.i. • • . . . . • , . . .
. ~ ~ 22 BAS Ie PROt'j;.l:I.JH: •.. , .•••.•...•... , . ,
2.23 AVOIDI NG "iU:S r;RVED" MEMORy., .•...
2.24 RESOLVING CONfLICTS ..•...........
2.25 SYSTEM BOARO ~WITCHES .•••....•...
2.J CUSTOMIZATION NOTES •••••••••.••••.•••..•.••.• ~ .•••• 2·
2.31 DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS ........................... 2·
2.32 BABY BLUE DIP SWITCHE$ •••.•••..••......•.•.•••.. 2·
1.33 ~OTE SYSTEM CONFIGORAT10N
••.... ~ , , .............. 2··
2 . J4 1aM PC -1 ............."..............,.......... 2·
2 • 3 ',; I 8M PC - 2 ••..•••••••••.•••••••.•......•.••....• 2 .. I
2. 36 I BM PC/Xl' ..•..••.• : .•...••••••.•..........•.... ".!. -1
2. ')7 rJTHER PC'.-;.......................... . .......... .;-;

2.4 STEP BY STEP HARDWARE INSTALLATION •••••••••••••••••• 2-14
2.41 IBM PC - ALL MODELS ...•...............•........ 2-l4
2.411 Begin .....•.•.•....•.•.............•••... 2-14
2.412 Remove Cover ....•..........•............. 2-14
2.4l3 Verify Switch Settings .....•............. 2-14
2.414 Choose Expansion Socket ..••.••........... 2-14
2.415 Install Baby Blue ........................ 2-14
2.416 Reconnect Cables and Test System ......... 2-15
2.417 Finishing Up ............................. 2-1S
3. OPERATION: RUNNING ~P/M PROGRAMS •••••••••••••••••••••••• 3-1
3.1 GETTING STARTED •••••••••• " •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3-1
3.ll DOS COMMANDS .............•.......•...•...•.....• 3-l
3.12 THE BABY BLUE UTILITIES ••............•...•...... 3-1
3.13 OPERATING fUNDAMENTALS ..•••..................... 3-3
3.2 MEDIA COMPATIBILITY: ACCESS TO CP/M DISKETTES •.•••••• 3-5
3.21 THE PROBLEM OF STANDARDS ••...................... 3-5
3.22 MICROLOG FILE TRANSFER UTILITIES ..........••...• 3-5
3.221 5" CP/M Diskettes ......................... 3-5
3.2228" Diskettes •••••..•••................•... 3-6
3.23 SERIAL COMMUNIC\TIONS ..........................• 3-6
3.24 OTHER ALTERNATIVES ......•..•..................•. 3-6
3.3 IMPORTING CP/M PROGRAMS: COMPATIBILITY ••••••••••••••• 3-7
3.31 DEFINITION .•.................................... 3-7
3.32 TEXT .~ND l),4,TA fILES ............................. 3-7
3 • 33 0 PER AT I "l (; CON SID ER 1\ T I UN S .•..•....•...•.......•.. 3- 8
3.4 BABY BLUE AS A CP/M DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM .•.••.•••••••• 3-1~
3.41 TI<AtJSP:\RE'::-,k-:Y OF Hf->U!·:I, Jf:Fl".:l::l ................. 3-l\1
3.411
3.412
50 413
3 .414
Ru 1 ,~,
Ru L,c
Ru 1·::
I~u 1,:
I: Cr'?clt.in'J CO,"\ Files ............. 3-1~J
I I : )p ,_, 11 1 :1;J E XIS tIn cJ C () t'l F tl e s • . . . . 3 - 1 1
I I I: C () P / 1 [) '3 a C0 ~ F 11 '2 • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3- L 1
IV: l)iJl'111n'l UnuuUlld COM [·'i l,.'s ....... 3-12
3.42 E:XPORTING PPOGK;~MS ............•................ ]-12

4. BABY BLUE REFERENCE MANUA~ ............................... 4
4.l INTRODUCTION .•.•••.••................................ 4·
4.2 CONTROL FUNCT IONS ............•.................•..... 4-
4. J CONSOLE EMULAT I ON •.••...••..•••..•...........••.•.••. 4-
4 • 3 1 l> E :.) CHI t) T i UN. • • • • • • . • • . • • • • • • . . . . . . . • • . . • • . • . • • . . 4 -
~.J2 PURPOSE ••.•••.••.•.....••••••.........•......••• 4-
4.33 VIDEO OUTPUT •••••••...•.•••...•...••••••••.••.•• 4-
4. !31 Oper':ltlO:1 .••.••.••.••.••.......•••..•.•••• 4-
4.332 VIJeo Control .::-ooes ...•..........•...•.... 4-
4.34 KEYBOARD INPUT •.....•....•.•......•........•... 4-1
4.341 IJptO!r,ltlon •.•••.•..•..••.................. 4-1
4 • 14 2 TV ':J ') III Fun c t ion Key Pro:) r cl ,nm I n 'J •.•••.•••.• 4- 1
4.343 K<.?yboarJ Defaults ....................... 4-]
4.344 C:nulatin') TV9SG KeyboiHcl D'''~,1.Jlts ....•.•. 4-L
4.4 OPERATING SYSTEM TRANSLATOR .••. · ..•................•. 4-1
4.41 DESCRrpTIO~ ..•..•........•.................... . 4-1
4.42 PURPOSE ........................................ 4-i
4.43 CP/M BOOS FUNCTION CALLS ....................... 4-1
4.44 CP/M BIOS CALLS ................................ 4-2
4.441 Logical to Physical Sector Mripplng ...... 4-2
4.442 BIOS Entry Points ........................ 4-2
4.5 EXTENDED BOOS FUNCTION CALLS ••••••••...•..•.•••••••. 4-2~
4.5l DESCRIPTION .................................... 4-2'
4.52 PURPOSE •..•••.••••.....•....•..•..........•.••• 4-2'.
4.53 OPERATION •..•....••.•......•.•.............•••• 4-2~
4.531
Ca L I
4.532
Call
4.513
Call
4.534
C.'li 1
4.535
Ca I 1
<1. I) 36
Ca 1 1
4.537
C,'1l1
4.538
Ca 1 L
4.539
Ca II
247:
248:
249:
250:
251 :
252:
253:
254 :
255:
Chai:1 ....••.••..............•. 4-21:
8088 Soft·.,.;ar2 Interrupt •.•.•... 4-2(;
System ~e~ory alo~k ~ove Down •• 4-27
Syst~~m Memory t3l.JCk :1,)\'e ~p .... 4-28
Peek systt·m Memory Byt" ........ 4-2:1
Poki.' ~;yst,-,rn M\JinllfY Byt. •. ' ..•.•••• 4-2H
(>088'BIOS Call. ................ 4-29
Out p 11 t t~ 0 Ii 0 S l 1 ,') I' l} r t ..•..••. 4 - 2 '1
Input trom H(1S~_ : I P')r .......... 4-2'l

4.6 HARDWARE FUNCTIONS •.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4-39
4.61 Z-80 PORT ADDRESS DECODING ••.••.••••••••••••••• 4-30
4.62 Z-80 CONTROL LINES •.•••••.•.••••.••.••••••••.•. 4-30
4.63 MEMORY ARBITRATION .•••••••••.•••••••••..••.•••• 4-32
Appendices
A. THE BABY BLUE UTILITIES ••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••••••• A-l
A.1 BIND: THE CP/M-80 PROGRAM IN PC-DOS FORMAT •.•••••••• A-1
A.2 CONVERT: ACCESS TO CP/M DISKETTES .•••••••••••••..•••. A-3
A.3 KEYFIX: AUTOMATING YOUR KEYBOARD ••••••..•••••••••••• A-6
A.4 DIAGNOSTICS: TESTZ80 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~-13
B. APPLICATIONS NOTES •••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••••••••• B-l
B.l EMULATING THE "SAVE" FUNCTION: DEBUG.DDT ••••••••••••• B-l
C~',WARRANTY INFORMATION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• C-l
iv

TABLES
2-1: Factory Switch Setting .•.........•........•.......•....• 2-
2-2: DIP Switch Settings .•.......•........................... 2-
2-3: IBM PC-I: Mother Board SW2 Settings ..................... 2-
2-4: IBM PC-2: Mother Board SW2 Settings .................... 2-1
4-1: Memory Map ••••........•................................. 4-
4-2: Televideo 950 Video Control Codes ....................... 4-
4-3: TV95~ Escape Sequence: Load Function Key ............... 4-1
4-4: TV950 Function Key Codes •....•........•..•.•......•...• 4-1
4-5: Function Key Default Definitions .....•......•.........• 4-1
4-6: Televideo 9513 Function Key Defaults .................... 4-1'
4-7: Z-80 Functions Control Byt2 ..•...•.•.....•.•........•.. 4-3:
4-8: Address Decoding ••......•......•....•....•..........••. 4-3;
4-9: Segment and Port Assignments ...•......•....••.•.••••..• 4-3:

INTRO
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHO OR WHAT II BABY BLUE?
Baby Blue is d singl~-b03rd microcomputer which enables the IBM
Personill Comput~r to run programs written for the CP/M-SO
operatin~ system. Although small enough to fit in a single
expansion slot, it contains a high-speed Z-80B microprocessor and
a full 64 Kilobyt~s of memory, making it actually more powerful
than most first-generation microcomputers.
The name derives from "Big alue", IBM's traditional nickname.
"Baby" connotes a symbiosis in which Baby Blue handles CP/M-S"
code written for the Z-80, while depending on the the host PC's
8Ci188 microprocessor to manage "life support" (operating system)
functions - keyboard, screen, disk Jrives, ~rinters, etc. The
cloHenoss of this "mother-child" relationship is Baby Blue's
unique strength: you get dual operating system capability under
PC-DOS alone, not the hasHle of maintaining two separate
operating systems.
If you can operate the PC, you can operate Baby Blue - there are
no new commands to learn, all peripheral devices work the same
way, and all programs use PC-DOS diskettes. You actually can't
tell the difference between a "native
ll
program and a program
which uses Baby Blue - in effect, CP/M-80 becomes a vast library
of time-tested, mature PC-DOS programs in a dizzying variety of
applications. It's a whole world - the largest and most profes-
sional software resource available for microcomputers - yet it's
almost unknown to many PC owners. We think you'll enjoy
explor i ng it.
By the way, Baby Blue doubles as a 64K memory expansion, although
it can be placed outside system memory if you're pressed for
space. You also get programmable function keys (KEYFIX), a file
transfer utility which gives you access to diskettes in a number
of CP/M formats (CONVERT), and a communications program with
sophisticated error checking for exchanging files with other
computers (BSTAM).
Baby Blue runs in most IBM-PC compatibles;
a companlon product, BabyTex, for use in
IProfessional Computer.
1-1
Microlog manufactures
the Texas Instruments

INTRO
1.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Baby Blue works in an IBM PC or compatible machine, with the
following minimum characteristics:
64 Kilobytes system RAM (l28K recommended for some
applications) •
-One 5" floppy disk drive (one other drive recommended; it
need not utilize 5" floppies) .
-PC-DOS
(or MS-DOS) Version 1.1 or 2.0.
1. 3 ABOUT THIS MANUAL
Although Baby Blue is simple to install and use, it is also a
subtle, mature design with a broad history of proven applica-
tions.The board's many special features and other esoterica make
this a long book, but it's structured to gJve you easy access to
the information you need at any level.
To~~t you up and running quickly, we begin with a simplified
inst:~llation procedure, requiring nothing more complicated than
phys~cally plugging Baby Blue into an expansion socket. The
factory configuration sidesteps the issues of switch settings and
memory mapping entirely, avoiding the painful part of most
installations. There is one drawback: you won't get a 64K memory
expartsion with this method, and if this is important to you,
you'Ll have to come back later to reconfigure the board.
However, . it is definitely the quick way to start running
programs on your Baby Blue.
with your board installed,' you can skip to Chapter 3, "Operation"
- within half a dozen pages, you'll already have run a sample
CP/M program. The remainder of Chapter 3 will fill you in on the
fine points of Baby Blue's capabilities, and the Appendix
contains in-depth reference sections for all the Microlog
utilities.
The rest is background and technical information about the inner
workings of Baby Blue's hardware and softwar~. It's meant for
the interested user as well as the experi~nced programmer who
wants to design his own applications.
1-2

INTRO
1.4 SYMBOLS
The following symbols ar~ used throughout t~ls text:
<CR>
< >
[xxx] -
Carriage Return,
"Retrn" key .,hen you
or Enter: press
see this symbol.
the
"Ent~rlt
or
All chardcters ~nclosed by this symbol 3re non-printi~g
keystrokes used for control purpose~: they are typed
but will not appe3r on your s~reen.
items enclosed in squ3re br3ckets must appear, but are
variable depending on context or user response.
Boldface indicates characters appearing on your screen.
c:
s:
d:
e:
Indefinite control drive name. A place-holder 3howing
where to putthename of the disk drive containing the
command file you wish to invoke.
Indefinite source drive name. A place-holder showing
where to put the name of the disk drive from which you
are getting a file. ----
Indefinite destination drive name. A place-holder
showing where to put the name of the disk drive you are
writing to.
Another indefinite drive name.
1-3

INTRO
NOTES:
1-4