Milton Roy Spectronic 501 Specifications

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WARM.UPlPRE.OPERATIONAL SEQUENCE
a. PluS power cord into appropriate power source
b. TLrn on spectrophotometer (move back panel toSgle switch to
the right).
c. The message "SELF TEST" will appear on the 501/601's display
while the instrument performs a pre-operation sellcheck.
d. Approximately twenty seconds after you switch the power on,
"SELFTIEST" will be replaced by the message "GOING TO Xxx
NM" (XXX = pre-programmed wavelength value), and then by
wavelength and data values.
NOTE
For effective operation, the spectrophotometer must warm up
for one-half hour after being turned on. Allow an additional l5
minutes for stabilization when you turn a lamp on or off.
Allow an additiooal 5 minutes for stabilization when switching
the LAMP SAVE function for the tungsten lamp on or off.
NOTE
Check the voltage label plate on the spectrophotometer's back
panelto determine what voltage (100, 115, 220, or 240) has been
set before you plug your SPECTRONIC 501 or 601 in. lf the
voltage shown on the label plate is not the same as the voltage of
your power source, do not plug the instrument in-call your
authorized lnl:-a Sales/Service representative to ar-
range for a voltage conversion.
s=__-/
b:&.
BACK PAI\IEL
SPECTRONIC
601
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KEYBOARD
SAMPLE COMPARTMENT

SUMMARY OF KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS
fffii
r,mffi]
oDisplay or set lower limit. If data falls
below this limit, "out-of-range" flag (an
asterisk "*") will appear on the display.
Displays or sets tungsten lamp save (on,/
off).
Display or set lamp interchange wave-
length (SPECTRONIC 601 only).
Display or set upper limit. If data ex-
ceeds limit, an "out-of-range" flag (an as-
terisk "*") will appear on the display.
Display or set signal averaging function.
'Iirrn Deuterium Lamp on or off (601
only).
Tirrn 'Iirngsten-Halogen Lamp on or olf
(601 only).
-
.Iry Set transmittance data to 100% or ABS
[ ,i'-111& .l El^,t data to o.oA.
Move monochromator up in wave-
length.
Move monochromator down in wave-
length.
NOTE
The < YES > and < NO > keys function
as "accept" or "reject" keys only when
the spectrophotometer is used in con-
junction with an APPLIPAK cartridge
and the Accessory Control Module (or
certain diagnostics).
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@@
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Ftr] r,Tilm@
f,j----;ml @ Display or set concentration lactor'
@@ Access diagnostic tests.
f,ffil@
@ & ;:f"i"T;,il'n'"-ator to so to entered
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O @@ @ Numericentrykeys.
f,j-,-]ffil @ Edit current test parameters'
f,i--,--TlO
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f--"1-,1,x-] ( "*,o')
List current test parameters on display
(or printer).
Catalog list of stored tests on display (or
printer).
Choose a stored test from those included
in catalog.
NOTE
< SECOND FUNCTION > <EDIT> ...
< LtsT > < CATAI_OG >
<SELECT> are active only when the
Accessory Control Module is installed
and turned on.
lll
f,.-,-Hl A.tirrut" a key's second function.
Itgg- Send data to optional RS-232 interface.
I ser,ro I tor printer, Accessory Control Module.
or remote computer. @
(G-l D"l"t" "roneous data entry.
Set Tiansmittance, Absorbance, or Con-
centration data mode. f,i','-JFl@

This manual presents basic information on the use ofthe SPECTRONIC 501,/601 spectrophotometer 'lbrms contained with < >
are names of keys found in the keyboard or appropriate alphanumeric key entries.
LIMITED WARRANTY
SPECTRONIC instrumentation and related accessories are
warrantied against defects in materials and workmanship
for a period of (1) year from the date of delivery. This
warranty is provided only if the warranty registration
card is returned to Milton Roy within lilteen (15)days after
delivery.
This warranty covers all parts except those specified
below and applies only to equipment which has been
installed and operated in accordance with the operator's
instruction manual and which has been serviced only by
authorized Milton Roy dealers or service personnel. This
warranty does not apply to equipment and accessories
that have been damaged by accident, neglect or condi-
tions beyond Milton Roy's control.
This warranty does not apply to lamps, glassware and
similar expendable components. Howevel such parts and
components may be warranted by their manufacturer.
Milton Roy is not responsible under this warranty for
FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT FOR U.S.A. USERS
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accord-
ance with the instruction manual, may cause interlerence
to radio communications. It has been tested aod found to
comply with the limits in effect at the time oI manulacture
for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of
Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide rea-
loss in operating performance due to environmental
conditions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL WARRANTIES,
EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
OTHERWISE, and states Milton Roy's entire and exclusive
liability and the Customer's exclusive remedy for any
claim in connection with the sale or furnishing ol services,
goods or parts, their design, suitability for use, installa-
tion, or operations. The Milton Roy Company will in no
event be liable for any direct, indirect, special or con-
sequential damages whatsoever, including loss of good-
will, whether grounded in tort (including negligence),
strict liabiliiy or contract, and Milton Roy's liability under
no circumstances will exceed the contract price for the
goods and/or services for which liability is claimed.
sonable protection against such interference when oper-
ated in a commercial environment. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause inter-
ference in which case the user at his own expense will be
required to take whatever measures may be required to
correct the interference.
NOTE
This operator's instruction manual contains information, instructions and specifications that were believed accurate
at the time this manual was written. However, as part of our on-going program of product development, the specifi-
cations and operating instructions may be modified or changed from time-to-time. The Milton Roy Company
reserves the right to change such operating instructions and specifications. Under no circumstances shall Milton Roy
be obligated to notity purchasers of any future changes in either this operator's instructions manual or any other
instructions or specifications relating to the SPECTRONIC 501,2601 and their accessories nor shall Milton Roy be
liable in any way lor its failure to notify purchasers ol such changes.
Copyright O 1985, 1988 by Milton Roy Company.
All rights reserved.
SPECTRONIC and -€ are registered trademarks ol Milton Roy Company.

CONTENTS
SECTION
1
2
PAGE
OPERATOR FEATURES 2
INSTALLATION 3
2.1 Contents Check
2.2 Operational Check
KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS 4
DETAILED FEATURE DESCRIMION 6
4.1 High and Low Limits
4.2 Signal Averaging
4.3 'lirngsten Lamp
4.4 Lamp Selection (601 only)
4.5 Deuterium Lamp (601 only)
4.6 Lamp Interchange Wavelength (601 only)
OPERATION 8
5.1 Basic Spectrophotometric Measurements
5.2 Test Parameter Storage
MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING 9
6.1 Performance Evaluation
6.2 Replacement Parts
6.3 Diagnostics
6.4 MaintenanceandTroubleshooting
6.4.1 Troubleshooting Chart
6.4.2 Error Messages
6.5 Lamp Replacement
6.5.1 Tirngsten-Halogen Lamp
6.5.2 Deuterium Lamp (601 only)
6.6 Lamp and Mirror Alignment
6.7 Fuse Replacement
RS-232.CINTERFACE_INTRODUCTION 15
R$232-C FIRMWARE SETUP PROCEDURE 17
R}232-C PROGRAMMING GUIDELINES 19
APPENDIX A
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF COMMANDS 21
APPENDIX B
PROGRAM EXAMPLES
APPENDIX C
KEYBOARD CODES
TITLE
3
4
7
8
9
22
335109100018

SECTION 1. OPERATOR FEATURES
FRONT
1. Sample Compartment Door.
2. Maintenance/Lamp Access Door provides access for
lamp replacement and alignment.
3. Sealed Keyboard controls instrument functions and
enters parameter data. Tactile and audible response indi-
cates data entry.
4. Lamp Save allows you to use the tungsten lamp at lower
illumination level (to extend lamp life).
5. Lamp Indicator shows "T" when Tirngsten-Halogen lamp
is on; "D" when deuterium lamp is oni and "8" when both
lamps are on.
6. 16-character Alphanumeric Display shows parameters
and data values, as well as operating and error messages.
SAMPLE COMPARTMENT
7. Cell Holder Base is removable for installation of acces-
sory sample holders, e.g., multipurpose cell holder, ambi-
ent flowcell, thermoelectric flowcell and automatic cell
positioner.
8. lOmm pathlength Cuvette Holder is removable for instal-
lation of accessory cell holders, e.g., thermal cell holders,
test-tube holder, and long pathlength cell holder.
9. Filter Holder holds filters up to 7mm thick.
10. Sample Compartment Windows.
11. Capped hole available for installation of accessory plug
connector.
BACK PANEL
12. Optional Recorder Interface connector.
13. Sample compartment accessory connector.
14. RS232 Interface connector-used for computer interface,
printer, and accessory control box.
15. Power Switch.
16. Line luse
17. Power cord
18. Maintenance/Lamp cover access screw
19. Exhaust fan
335101100018

SECTION 2, INSTALLATION
2.1 CONTENTS CHECK
After carefully unpacking the contents, check the mate-
rials against the packing list to ensure that you have
received everything in good condition.
If any part is missing or damaged, or you find any other
defect, please contact your dealer or Milton Roy sales
representative.
OPERAIIONAL CHECK
a. Set the unit on a clean lab bench or work area.
NOTE
Take care to allow enough clearance behind the spec-
trophotometer for efficient operation of the exhaust
fan.
b. Check the voltage label plate on the spectrophotom-
eter's back panel to determine what voltage (100,
I20,220, ot 240) has been set before you plug your
SPECTRONIC 501 or 601 in. If the voltage shown on
the label plate is not the same as the voltage of your
power source, do not plug the instrument in-call
your authorized Milton Roy Sales/Service represen-
tative to arrange for a vollage conversion.
c. If the power outlet is satisfactory, plug in the spec-
trophotometer's power cord.
d. TLrn power switch on.
e. Check to make sure that the "Power-On Sequence"
operates properly ('SELFifEST" message, followed
by "GOING TO - NM', and then by the normal
data display).
f . Allow thirty minutes for warm-up.
g. Check lamp alignment by performing the Lamp
Alignment Diagnostic (Section 6.6).

SECTION 3. KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS
< SECOND FUNCTION > activates a key's second func-
tion. The function, or its abbreviation, is printed just
above the individual key.
<SEND> transmits data to the optional serial port
accessory. (For a more detailed description, refer to
Sections 7 through l0 of this manual.) If the optional
printer, or an external computet is connected to the
RS-232C output on the rear panel of the instrument:
. Press < SEND > . The data on the display will be
transmitted to the computer or printer.
<SECOND FUNCTION> <SELECT> allows you to
load a stored test (requires the Accessory Control Mod-
ule and an APPLIPAK cartridge).
< CLEAR > restores a normal data display and is used
to exit several diagnostic tests.
<%T/A/C>:
a. Changes the data mode:
c Press <%oT / A/C > to switch from Absorbance to
Transmittance mode.
. Press <y"T/A/C> again to enter the Concen-
tration mode.
. Press <%T/A,/C> to return to the Absorbance
mode.
b. Can be used to enter an absorbance value. Make sure
that the spectrophotometer is in the absorbance
mode, then:
. Enter < appropriate value > .
. Ptess <YoT / A/C> .
. Display will read "NEW ABS ZERO."
. Display will show the wavelength and new absorb-
ance value.
The absorbance value that you enter will take the
place of any previous value. The difference between
the new value and the previous value is produced by
adjusting, or "offsetting" from zero (e.9., if your pre-
vious ABS value was 0.92, and you entered 0.97, the
value of zero will be adjusted, or offset, to +0.05).
c. Calculates a factor when you enter a concentra-
tion value standard solution:
. Make sure that spectrophotometer is in concen-
tration mode.
. Place solution of known concentration into the
sample compartment.
. Enter (appropriate value) for the concentration
value. The display will read ENTRY followed by
the value.
. Press < %T/A./C>.
. The display will read "CALCULATE FACTORJ' then
"FACTOR=," followed by the new value.
. The display will now return to the normal mode,
showing the wavelength and newly-entered con-
centration values.
The concentration value that you enter will be
divided by the current Absorbance value to calculate
a new factor between * 9999 and + 9999.
< SECOND FUNCTION > < 100'/"T /ZERO A> sets
transmittance to 100%, or absorbance or concentration
to zero.
3.7 <YES>:
a. Moves the monochromator up in wavelength.
b. Causes the monochromator to go to a user-specified
wavelength:
. Enter < appropriate value > .
. Press <YES>. The message GOING TO '.## NM
will be displayed until the monochromator is in the
correct position.
c. Accepts prompted values that appear during test
type programming (requires Accessory Control Mod-
ule and APPLIPAK cartridge).
d. Moves forward through a parameter list or EDIT list
(requires Accessory Control Module and APPLIPAK
cartridge).
3.8 <NO>:
a. Moves the monochromator down in wavelength.
b. Causes the monochromator to go to a user-specified
wavelength:
. Press < appropriate value>
. Press < NO > . The message GOING TO ### NM is
displayed until the monochromator is in the cor-
rect position.
c. Rejects prompted values that appear during test type
programming test type (requires Accessory Control
Module and APPLIPAK cartridge).
d. Move backward through a parameter list or EDIT list
(requires Accessory Control Module and APPLIPAK
cartridge).
3.9 < SECOND FUNCTION> <cO TO X> causes the
monochromator to go to a user-specified wavelength:
. Enter <appropriate value>. Display will show EN-
TRY value.
. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>.The display will now
read "2NDl' followed by the value.
. Press <GO TO tr>. The message-GOING TO ###
NM- will be displayed until the monochromator is in
the correct position.
3.10 <.> <t> and <0> through <9> are used to
enter positive and negative decimal and integer values.
3.11 < SECOND FUNCTION> <EDIT> changes any of
the prompted parameters of the current test (requires
Accessory Control Module and APPLIPAK cartridge).
3.12 <SECOND FUNCTION> <LIST> displays the para-
meters and their values for the current test (requires
the Accessory Control Module and APPLIPAK car-
tridge).
3.13 <SECOND FUNCTION> < CATALOG > lists the cata-
log numbers and names of user-stored tests (requires
the Accessory Control Module and an APPLIPAK car-
tridge).
3.I4 < SECOND FUNCTION> <FACTOR>:
a. Set a known factor for use with the concentration
data mode:
. Enter (appropriate value). The display will read
ENTRY followed by the value.
r Press < SECOND FUNCTION > . The display will
read 2ND, followed by the value.
o Press <FACTOR>. This value will be used to con-
vert absorbance data into concentration units.
3.4
3.6
335103.100018

b. Display the current factor
o Press < SECOND FUNCTION > . The display witl
read 2ND.
o Press < FACTOR>.
3.15 <SECOND FUNCTION > <HI LIM> displays or sets
\ the highesl acceptable final result. Any result above the
iimil will be flagged as out-of-limits (see Section 4.1,
High and Low Limits).
3.16 <SECOND FUNCTION > <LO LIM> displays or sets
the lowest acceptable final result. Any result below the
limit will be flagged as out-of-limits (see Section 4.1,
High and Low Limits).
3.17 <SECOND FUNCTION> <DIAG> accesses the inter-
nal diagnostics. See Section 6.3, Diagnostics.
3.18 <SECOND FUNCTION > <SIG AV> displays or sets
the signal averaging value (see Section 4.2, Signal
Averaging).
3.19 < SECOND FUNCTION > <LMPSAV> turns the tung-
sten lamp save on and off (see Section 4.3, Tungsten
Lamp).
. Enter 0, <SECOND FUNCTION > <LMP SAV> to
turn off the lamp save mode.
. Enter l, <SECOND FUNCTION > <LMP SAV> to
turn on the lamp save mode.
. Press < SECOND FUNCTION > < LMP SAV > to dis-
play the status.
3.20 <SECOND FUNCTION> <TUNG> turns the tung-
sten lamp on or off (601 only).
3.21 <SECOND FUNCTION> <DEUT> turns the deu-
terium lamp on or off (for SPECTRONIC 601 only).
The current lamp status is indicated by the last charac-
ter on the right of the display.
. "T" indicates that the tungsten lamp is on.
. "D" indicates that the deuterium lamp is on.
. "B" indicates that the both lamps are on.
NOTE
If you attempt to:
1. turn the deuterium lamp off when the unit is below
the lamp interchange wavelength, or
2. turn the tungsten-halogen lamp off when the unit is
above the lamp interchange wavelength . . .
the message LAMP REQUIRED will be temporarily dis-
played, and the normal data display will return. This
cannot be over-ridden by continually pressing the key.
To turn both lamps off, enter <1> < SECOND
FUNCTION> <DIAG>. The lamps will remain off,
and the display will read "STANDBY . . .", until you
press another key to return to the normal data display.
3.22 <SECOND FUNCTION> <LMPCH> displays or sets
the lamp interchange wavelength (see Section 4.6,
Lamp Interchange Wavelength). (SPECTRONIC 601
only).
335103-100014

SECTION 4. DETAILED FEATURE DESCRIPTION
4.1 HIGH AND LOW LIMITS <HILIM> and <LOLIM>
Use <HI LIM> and <LO LIM> to specify the range of test
result values that you require. Once you have specified the
limits, any final answer that falls outside the specified range
will be flagged (an asterisk "*" will appear in the fourth
display position from the right).
NOTE
The "*" flag appears when the instrument measures values
outside the range that you have previously specified. An-
other set of flags are used to indicate that the instrument is
measuring values that exceed the range that the spec-
trophotometer can accommodate. Errors of this type (out-of-
range value) are displayed with the message "OVFL' or
"UNFL'(see Section 6.4.2, Error Messages).
To enter values for the limits:
a. Press the desired value between 1 0.0000 and 9999. The
display will read ENTRY followed by the value.
b. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND, followed by the value.
c. Press < LO LIM > . The display will read LO LIM = **++.
d. Press the desired value between t 0.0000 and 9999. The
display will read ENTRY followed by the value.
e. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND, followed by the value.
f. Press < HI LIM > . The display will read HI LIM = #*##.
To display the current HI LIM and LO LIM values:
a. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND.
b. Press < LO LIM > . The display will read LO LIM - ####.
c. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND.
d. Press < HI LIM > . The display will read HI LIM = ####.
4.2 SIGNAL AVERAGING < SIG AV>
Signal averaging is a form of electronic filtering which re-
duces the background noise in the system, as illustrated in
Figure 3-1. This feature is particularly useful at higher ab-
sorbance levels (above 2A), and at wavelength extremes
near 195 nm or 999 nm. The SPECTRONIC 501 and 601
provide three levels of signal averaging, from 0 (minimum
filtering) to 2 (maximum filtering).
To change the SIG AV value:
a. Enter an integral value of 0, l, or 2. The display will read
ENTRY followed by the value.
b. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND, followed by the value.
c. Press < SIG AV > . The display will read SIG AV = #.
To display the current SIG AV value:
a. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND, followed by the value.
b. Press < SIG AV> . The display will read SIG AV = #.
SIG AV =O
SIG AV = 1
SIG AV = 2
Figure 3-1. Typical Elfects of Signal Averaging
4.3 TUNCSIEN LAMP
The tungsten-halogen lamp used in both the SPECTRONIC
501 and 601 spectrophotometers can be set to two levels of
illumination through the use of the LAMP SAVER (LMP SA\')
feature. This feature allows the option of extending lamp life
when maximum illumination is not required.
.0 <SECOND FUNCTION> <LMP SAV > turns the lamp
save function off, so the lamp is on at full intensity.
.l <SECOND FUNCTION> <LMP SAV> turns the lamp
save function on, so the lamp operates at reduced intensity.
. <SECOND FUNCTION> <LMP SAV > displays the cur-
rent setting.
The LMP SAV feature reduces the level of illumination about
50% at wavelengths below 400 nm, and about 25% at wave-
lengths above 400 nm, while increasing average lamp life
expectancy an average oI 400%. Of course, the choice of
when to use this feature will depend on a number of condi-
tions, but in general, LMP SAV should be satisfactory for
most measurements between 400 and 900 nm, if you are
using a full aperture cuvette or test tube.
The SPECTRONIC 501 and 601 spectrophotometer can dis-
play the following error message to indicate tungsten lamp
problems:
.lf the lamp's output has decreased due to aging, or, if the
lamp has burned out, the message "TOO LITTLE LIGHT"
will appear during the AUTO-ZERO operation (see Section
6.5.1).
335103100018

4.4 DEUTERIUM LAMP (SPECTRONIC 60I ONLY]
The SPECTRONIC 601 spectrophotometer displays two types
or error messages to indicate deuterium lamp problems:
. If the light output has been reduced by aging, or if the lamp
has burned out, the message "TOO LITTLE LIGHT" will
appear during the AUTO-ZERO operation.
.lf the deuterium lamp fails to turn on within 15 seconds,
the message "D2 LAMP FAILURE" will appear on the dis-
play. (See Section 6.5.2, Lamp Replacement Procedures-
Deuterium Lamp.)
4.5 LAMP CONTROL (SPECTRONTC 60r ONLY)
On the SPECTRONIC 601 spectrophotometer, you can turn
the deuterium or tungsten-halogen lamps on or off by
entering:
. < SECOND FUNCTION> <DEUT>
lamp, or
. <SECOND FUNCTION> <TUNG>
lamp.
If the lamp was off, it will be turned on; if it was on, it will be
turned off .The lamp status indicator (the last display charac-
ter on the right of the LED display) tells you which of the
lamps is now activated: "T" = tungsten, "D" = deuterium, or
"B" = both.
Another lamp selection option is "STANDBY," which turns
both lamps off temporarily. To select the "STANDBY" feature,
enter I <SECOND FUNCTION > <DIAG>. The lamps will
remain off until you press any key, resuming normal
operation.
4,6 LAMP IMERCHANGE WAVELENOTH <LMP CH>
(SPECTRONTC 601 ONL9
You can set the wavelength at which the 501/601 switches
between the tungsten-halogen lamp and the deuterium lamp
to any value between 320 and 380 nm. The instrument auto-
matically switches to the deuterium lamp when the wave-
length is at or below the lamp interchange wavelength.
To select a new lamp interchange wavelength:
a. Enter a wavelength value between 320 and 380. The dis-
play will read ENTRI followed by the value.
b. Press < SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND.
c. Press < LMP CH >. The display will read LAMP CHANGE
To display the current lamp interchange wavelength;
a. Press <SECOND FUNCTION>. The display will read
2ND,
b. Press < LMP CH >. The display will read LAMP CHANGE
for the deuterium
for the tungsten
335103 100018

SECTION 5.
5.I BASIC SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
To use the SPECTRONIC 501/601 for basic spectrophoto-
metric measurements (absorbance, transmittance, or con-
centration):
a. Tirrn Power on.
b. Await completion of SELF:IEST.
c. Enter analytical wavelength.
d, Press <SECOND FUNCTION > <GO TO \>.
e. Allow 30-minute lamp warm-up.
I. Press <I7o/ A/C > to choose desired data mode.
A. Open sample compartment door; insert blank into sample
holder.
h. Close sample comparlmenl doon
i. Press <SECOND FUNCTION> <1Q0%T /ZERO A>.
j. Open sample compartment door and remove the blank.
k. Insert sample into sample holder and close sample com-
partment door.
l. Read data that is displayed, or press < SEND > if a printer
or computer is installed.
OPERATION
5.2 TEST PARAMETER STORAGE
The SPECTRONIC 501,/601 can store one set of test parame-
ters as the "default" values. Once stored, these values will be
present the next tiine you turn your spectrophotometer on.
The parameters that will be stored are:
. current wavelength
. lamp status (including < LMP SAV> status)
. lamp interchange wavelength
. data mode < %T, A or C >
. factor
. signal averaging value
. high./low limits
. RS-232 interface parameters: baud rate, no. of stop bits,
and paritv, etc.
To save these parameter values (using Diagnostic 4):
. Enter the desired wavelength and press < GO TO \>.
. Set all the parameters to the desired status or value.
. Press < 1>, then <4 >. The display will read ENTRY 14.
. Press < SECOND FUNCTION > . The display will read 2ND
14.
o Press < DIAG> . The display will read "SETUP SAVED"
and then return to a normal data display.
These values will now be the "default" values that will be
present the next time you turn on your spectrophotometer
(even if you enter different parameters into current memory
before you turn the unit off). The only way to alter these
default, or "power-up" values is to perform another Test
Parameter Storage procedure, as described above, but with
new values.
Table 5-1. Parameters/Acceptable Values.
PARAMETER
Wavelength
<wv>
Low Limit
<LO LIM>
High Limit
<HI LIM >
Signal Average
<SIGAV>
Lamp Change
<LMP CH>
Factor
8
FUNCTION
Wavelength to nearest nanometet
Lowest acceptable final answer
If display is below this value, * appears.
Highest acceptable final answer.
If display is above this value, * appears.
Data enhancement technique to
reduce background noise.
Wavelength at which instrument
switches between tungsten-halogen
and deuterium lamps.
Multiplier used to convert absorbance
value to a concentration level.
MNGE OF
ACCEPTABLE
VALUES
195-999nm (601)
325-999nm (501)
t0.0000 to 9999
10.0000 to 9999
0to2
(whole numbers only)
320 to 380 nm
+0.0000 to 9999
335103-100018

SECTION 6. MAINTENANCE
6.I PERFORMANCE EVALUATION USING REFERENCE
MATERIALS
All precision instruments, including spectrophotometers, are
subject to performance degradation. These performance
losses, whether gradual or abrupt, obvious or subtle, can
lessen the accuracy of analytical results.
Evaluation of your instrument's performance should start
immediately, with weekly checks for at least the first month.
At the end of this time, monthly evaluations should be suffi-
cient to detect any gradual degradation of performance.
Evaluations should include tests for stray radiant energy,
wavelength accuracy, photometric accuracy, and photo-
metric linearity. These tests involve the use of specialized
test materials which must:
. Have values of known accuracy;
. Be compatible with the instrument being evaluated; and
. Contribute minimum error to the test results.
Recommended test materials for this instrument are Milton
Roy SPECTRONIC Standards, Cat. No. 333150. These stan-
dards are designed to fit into the standard cuvette holder of
the SPECTRONIC 501 or 601 spectrophotometer and can be
used for the relevant tests. For detailed instructions on the
use of the standards refer to the SPECTRONIC Standards
User's Manual, Cat. No. 333150-10001.
6.2 REPLACEMENT PARTS
The following items are available as replacement parts for
the SPECTRONIC 501 and 601 spectrophotometers.
& TROUBLESHOOTING
USER DIAGNOSTICS
DIAG # FUNCTION
lamps off, and waits for any keystroke. Any key-
stroke will turn the appropriate lamp(s) back on
and return to normal data display.
Allow 15 minutes for lamp to stabilize.
2 REVISION LEVEL
Displays the revision level of the firmware (per-
manent stored programs) in the instrument, The
display lasts one second. For a longer display,
hold down any key while the display is present-
3 DISPLAY TEST
Checks the spectrophotometer's display by test-
ing all segments. First, sixtee'r '*.'s will appear,
then sixteen '0;'s. The final display scrolls from
left to right, presenting the characters A through
Z, and 0 through 9. To stop the test, press any key
after *ls and 0:'s have been displayed.
4 RECORDER SETUP routine provides three op-
tions for recorder adjustment, but will run only if
the Recorder Output Option has been installed.
When you press 4 <SECOND FUNCTION>
<DIAG>, the message "RECORDER SETUP"
will appear first. You may now select any of the
setup options below by pressing 0, l, or 2.
If you press 0:
The message "RECORDER ZERO" will be dis-
played to indicate that analog output has been set
to zero. Press < CLEAR> to exit.
If you press 1:
The message "RECORDER 1 UNIT" will appear,
and the analog output will be set to l volt for
recorder adjustment. This corresponds to 1A or
100 % T. Press <CLLAR> to exit.
If you press 2:
The message "RECRDR OUT TEST" will appear,
and the analog output will be set at the lowest
voltage (approximately -0.3vdc) for three sec-
onds. The voltage level will then then ramp up
(in about 4 seconds) to the highest voltage (ap-
proximately 3.7 vdc), holding at that voltage for
3 seconds before returning. Press <CLEAR> to
exit.
6 656NM DEUTERIUM PEAK FIND-601 ONLY
This routine turns on the Deuterium lamp,
rotates the mirror, and sets the appropriate gain.
It also moves the monochromator from 659 to
653nm and displays the measured peak wave-
length. Press < CLEAR> to exit.
7 486NM DEUTERIUM PEAK FIND-6OI ONLY
This routine is similar to diagnostic 6, except that
monochromator scans from 489 to 483nm. Press
<CLEAR> to exit.
8 PEAK NOISE MEASUREMENT , :.., I . ,
Measures noise for approximately 15 seconds
and displays peak-to-peak noise in absorbance.
The value is computed on the displayed data, and
will apply the < SIG AV > value that was in effect
before selecting this diagnostic. Press
<CLEAR> to exit.
\- CATALOG NO.
335124
343424
33510 r-10001
335101-10020
332879
335101- 164
DESCRIPTION
Tirngsten-halogen lamp (box of l0)
Deuterium lamp
SPECTRONIC 50 1 /60 1 Operator's
Manual
SPECTRONIC 501,/601 Service
Manual
2.0-ampere Slo-Blo fuse (box of 5)
Dust Cover
For a list of accessories that are available for use with the
SPECTRONIC 501./601 spectrophotometers, contact your
authorized dealer or Milton Roy sales representative.
6.3 DIAGNOSTICS
To run a diagnostic progran:
. Enter < appropriate value > . The display will read ENTRY
followed by the value.
o Press < SECOND FUNCTION >
o Press < DIAG. >
USER DIAGNOSTICS
DIAG # FUNCTION
O POWER ON RESET
Executes a POWER-ON reset in the software, al-
lowing you to re-initialize the instrument from
the SPECTRONIC 501/601 keyboard.
Allow 5 minutes for lamp to stabilize after using
<DIAG> <O>.
I STANDBY
Displays the message "STANDBY," turns both
335103-100018

USER DIAGNOSTICS
DIAG # FUNCTION
9 CLEAR AUTO-ZERO REGISTER
Undoes the AUTO-ZERO function.
10 STRAY RADIANT ENERGY (SRE) MEASURE-
MENT
Checks SRE by displaying transmittance to
within 0.01% resolution. To use this diagnostic,
move the spectrophotometer to the appropriate
wavelength, set 0Al100%T, and insert the appro-
priate SRE filter. Then, enter 10, < SPECIAL
FUNCTION > < DIAG > . The SRE measurement
will be displayed in the form "SRE=XX.XX T,''
and will be held for 0.5 seconds (for a longer
display, depress and hold down any key as long
as you wish to see the display).
11 SERIAL PORT SETUP
Prompts the operator through the setup of the
RS-232-C serial port parameters (baud rate,
parity, etc). Refer to Section 9 of this manual for a
complete explanation.
12 READ INSTRUMENT ID CODE
Displays the spectrophotometer's identification
code (for use with Milton Roy disk-based soltware
programs).
13 LAMP ALIGNMENT
Prompts for lamp choice (SPECTRONIC 601
only), moves to appropriate wavelength, then
converts the display to a linear-responding bar
graph. The left-hand digit of the display indicates
the relative gain achieved. Numbers are dis-
played in hexadecimal format, 0 through 9 and A
through E with 0 being the lowest and F the
highest lamp intensity. (See Section 6.6).
14 POWER-ON INSTRUMENT SETUP
This diagnostic stores the current setup of the
instnrment. The next time that the instrument is
DIAG # FUNCTION
turned on, these parameter values will be
present. Parameters saved as part of this pro-
cedure include:
a) current wavelength
b) lamp status (D2 onloff, T on,/ofl, Lamp Save
onloff)
c) lamp change wavelength
d) data made O A C)
e) factor (C multiplier)
f) signal averaging value
g) high/low limits
h)RS-232 setup...baud rate, number of stop bits,
parity, etc.
15 KEYBOARD TEST
Simply verifies that each key is working. Press
the key and observe the display; if keystroke
does not produce the character listed in the chart
below contact your authorized Milton Roy ser-
vice representative. (Io exit from this test, turn
the spectrophotometer of{, anC then on again.)
KEY:
< CLEAR>
< SEND >
< SECOND FUNCTION >
< DOWN ARROW >
< UP ARROW >
<o/.T / A/C>
<+/->
<0 9>
16 PRINTER TEST
Checks printer operation by transmitting ASCII
codes for SPECTRONIC 501/601'S character set.
Operates continuously until you press
< CLEAR > to exit.
DISPLAYED AS:
C
S
N
D
U
T
+
NUMBER
PRESSED
l0 335103-100014

6.4 MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING column, check through the 'PROBABLE CAUSE" and 'AC-
6.4,1 Troubleshooting Chart TION REQUIRED" columns in sequence ("a" through "b",
If you experience the problems listed in the "INDICATION" and so forth).
INDICATION PROBABLE CAUSE ACTION REQUIRED
\-' No display with unit turned on. a. Unit not plugged in.
b. Outlet is dead.
c. Fuse is blown.
d, Part malfunction.
Display does not read 0.0 T with a. Not in %T mode.
PIug in unit.
Change outlet.
Change fuse.
Call Milton Roy Service.
Press <"/.T /A/C> until in %T mode.
Call Milton Roy Service.
If problem persists, call Milton Roy Service.
Insert correct blank.
Excessive drift and/or noise. a. Bubbles or particles in sample. Check sample preparation.
b. 'Iirngsten-halogen lamp burned out. Replace lamp.
c. Deuterium lamp burned out. Replace lamp.
d. Sample compartment windows dirty. Clean windows.
e. Lamps not aligned properly. Refer to Section 6.5.
f. Part malfunction. Call Milton Roy Service.
Data display 'locked up'
occluder block in light path. b. Part malfunction.
malfunction.
Incorrect reading in data display a. lncorrect blank.
a. Computer or printer connected to Set up external equipment properly,
optional serial port not "on-line" or or disconnect.
ready.
b. Microprocessor error or part Tiun off unit for 15 sec and turn on again.
b. Insufficient sample volume. Increase sample volume.
c. Bubbles or particles in sample. Check sample preparation.
d. Incorrect wavelength setting. Go to correct wavelength.
e. Wavelength error. Check deuterium peaks.
f. Electronic calibration error. Check using SPECTRONIC Standards.
g. Part Malfunction. Call Milton Roy Service.
335103-100018 11

6.4.2 Error Messages
The chart below lists the error messages that the 501/601
will display. The Ieft-hand column lists the error message as it
will appear on the 501/601 display; the right-hand column
describes what to do if the message appears.
ERROR MESSAGE RECOMMENDED ACTION OR PROBABLE CAUSE RECOMMENDED ACTION OR
PROB,dBI-E CAI]SE
NEED A NUMBER
NO FUNCTION
Re-enter command sequence with
appropriate number.
Re-enter number entered in
< SECOND FUNCTION > mode.
First entry did not correspond to
any of the 501/601's functions.
Check parameter table (Section
5.2). Re-enter correct parameter.
Re-enter values. and make sure
that they are within the operating
range of the spectrophotometer.
Replace the deuterium lamp (see
Section 6.5.2).
Re-enter lamp interchange wave-
length value. Choose an appropri-
ate value between 320 and 380 nm.
Re-enter signal average value.
Choose an appropriate value (0, 1,
or 2).
The lamp you tried to iurn off is
required for operation at the cur-
rent wavelength.
Option or accessory selected has
not been installed, or CPU has not
been instructed that option has
been installed. If accessory has
been installed and error persists,
call Milton Roy service.
Illumination level may be too low
If LAMP SAVE feature is on,
turn it off.
May also occur if path of light
beam in sample compartment is
ERROR MESSAGE
disturbed, or if the sample has too
high an absorbance at the selected
wavelength (try diluting sample, or
moving to another wavelength).
CALIBRATION ERROR Perform lamp alignment procedures
(Section 6.6). If error persists, call
Milton Roy service.
FILTER ERROR Check maintenance compartment
for obvious obstructions or damage.
Verify that instrument has been set
up to run at the correct voltage
level. If error persists, call Milton
Roy service.
MONO ERROR Check maintenance compartment
for obvious obstructions or damage.
Verify that instrument has been set
up to run at the correct voltage
level. If error persists, call Milton
Roy service.
CHOPPER ERROR Check maintenance compartment
for obvious obstructions or damage.
\'erify that instrument has been set
up to run at the correct voltage
level. If error persists, call Milton
Roy service.
195-999 NM ONLY Re-enter wavelength value and
make sure that it is between
195 nm and 999 nm. (SPECTRONIC
601 only).
325-999 NM ONLY Re-enter wavelength value and
make sure that it is between
325 nm and 999 nm. (SPECTRONIC
501 only).
ILLEGAL ENTRY
OUT OF RANGE
D2 LAMP FAILURE
MNGE=320 TO 380
SIGAV = 01OR2
LAMP REQUIRED
OPTION REQUIRED
TOO LITTLE LIGHT
WARNINGS FOR LAMP REPLACEMENTS AND ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES
HIGH VOUIAGE: The deuterium lamp operates at extremely
high voltage and has dangerous voltages on the terminals
even when the lamp is turned off. Be sure to turn power off
and disconnect the power cord before you attempt to re-
place the Iamp.
TEMPERATURE: The tungsten lamp, and the surrounding
shield, reach temperatures high enough to cause contact
burns. Make sure you allow the lamp to cool off for at least
five minutes before removing the lamp.
ULTRAVIOLET: The short wavelenqth UV radiation emitted
by the deuterium lamp can be harmful to the eyes and skin.
Wear eye protection and avoid exposing skin whenever the
lamp cover is removed and the lamp is on (for example,
when aligning the lamp mirror).
SHATTERING: The tungsten lamp operates under high pres-
sure. To avoid accidents, protect the lamp from fingerprints,
abrasions, and scratches when handling. Wear eye protec-
tion when adjusting the lamp interchange mirror, and never
operate the lamp with the shield removed.
12 335103t00018

6.5 LAMP REPLACEMENT PROCEDURES
This section contains instructions for replacing and aligning
both the Tirngsten-Halogen and Deuterium lamps in the
SPECTRONIC 501 and 601 spectrophotometers. (See inside
back cover for illustrations.) lt also contains instructions on
several other maintenance procedures necessary from time
to time keep your instrument operating at its peak.
6.5.1 Tungsten-Halogen Lamp
a. Tirrn the spectrophotometer off and disconnect the power
cord.
b. Remove the Maintenance/Lamp Door by loosening the
Lamp/Maintenance Compartment Access Screw three to
five complete turns and lifting up the door at the back edge.
c. Remove the Tirngsten-Halogen Lamp Shield (29) from the
instrument chassis by loosening the two Tiingsten-Halogen
Lamp Shield Screws (32), The base of the shield is slotted as
seen in Figure 6-1, so that you can slide it out from under
the two screws and lift it straight up. BE CAREFUL TO
AVOID SCRATCHING THE LAMP INTERCHANGE MIR-
ROR (20).
d. Pull the 2-pin Tungsten-Halogen Lamp (31) straight out
from the socket.
e. TUrn the instrument 90 degrees to locate the lamp socket
more easily.
f. Carefully align the pins on the new lamp with the socket
(Figure 6-2).
g. Slowly push the lamp straight into the socket until fully
seated; be sure that the lamp is straight to avoid bending
the pins.
h. Carefully remove any fingerprints or dirt from the lamp
with a clean. lint-free cloth.
i. Carefully replace the shield and secure it with the two
screws loosened in step c.
j. Perform the alignment procedure, described in Section 6.6,
Lamp and Mirror Alignment, before using the instrument.
6.5.2 Deuterium Lamp (SPECTRONIC 601 only)
Lamp.
a. TLrn off the spectrophotometer and unplug the power
cord.
b. Remove the Maintenance/Lamp Access door by loosening
the Lamp,/Maintenance Compartment Access Screw three
to five complete turns.
c. Disconnect the three Deuterium Lamp Connector Wires
(25) from the sockets.
d. Loosen, but do not remove, the Deuterium Lamp Assembly
Screw (26).
e. Remove the Thumbscrew (23) holding the Deuterium
Lamp Assembly in place, and remove the old lamp
assembly.
f. Connect the new Deuterium Lamp Connector Wires. Be
sure the red wire is connected to the center socket.
13
l.The Tungsten-Halogen lamp operates under high
pressure. To avoid accidents, protect the lamp from
fingerprints, abrasions, and scratches when han-
dling. Wear eye protection when adjusting the lamp
interchange mirror, and never operate the lamp
with the shield removed.
2. Allow enough time for the shield and lamp to cool. If
the spectrophotometer has been operating even for
a short time, the shield and lamp will be very hot.
Temperatures are high enough to cause contact
burns, so allow at least 5 minutes before removing
the shield and lamp. Figure Gl. Removing the Tungslen-Halogen Lamp Shield.
Use a clean, lint-free cloth or wear lint-free gloves to
handle the new lamp; fingerprints on the lamp detract
from its peak perfornrance and shorten the life of the
lamp.
Figure 6-2. Locating the Socket for the Tirngster-Halogen
The deuterium lamp operates at an extremely high
voltage and has dangerous voltages on the terminals
even when the lamp is turned off. Be sure to turn off
the power and disconnect the power cord before you
attempt to replace the lamp.
335103100018

g. Seat the new lamp assembly in the instrument and replace
the thumbscrew
h. Tighten the Deuterium Lamp Assembly Screw (26).
i. Wipe the lamp with a clean, lint-free cloth to remove any
fingerprints.
j. Perform the alignment procedure in Section 6.6 before
using the instrument.
6.6 LAMP AND MIRROR ALIGNMENT
Proper alignment of the lamps and mirror is essential for
optimal performance of the spectrophotometer.
CAIJTION
l. The instrument uses high voltage and dangerous
voltages may be present even when the lamp is
turned off. Use insulated tools to avoid danger of
electrical shock and perform adjustments with ex-
treme caution.
2. The short wavelength radiation emitted by the deu-
terium lamp can be harmful to the eyes and skin.
Wear eye protection and avoid exposing skin for
more than a few minutes when the lamp cover is
removed and the lamp is on.
The alignment itself consists of two parts:
. Adjusting the position of the light beam hitting and passing
through the filters
. Minimizing the absorbance reading.
The position of the mirror determines the amount of light
hitting and passing through the slit. The amount of light, in
turn, directly affects your results and the overall performance
of the spectrophotometer. These steps help ensure peak per-
formance of your instrument.
a. lf the instrument is off, turn it on and wait for it to initialize.
If it is on, turn if off and then on again so that it initializes
correctly.
b. (601 only.) Ensure that the wavelength is set to a value
greater than 400 nm and press < SECOND FUNCTION >
< DEUT> to turn off the deuterium lamp. The lamp indi
cator on the display should be a "T."
c. Remove the Maintenance/Lamp Access Door by loosening
the Lamp,/Maintenance Compartment Access Screw three
to five complete turns and lifting up the door at the back
edge.
d. Examine the illuminated filter on the filter wheel to deter-
mine the position of the light. Light should be centered on
the filter and on the slit, as shown in Figure 6-3a.
e. If light is not passing through the center of the filter as
shown in Figure 6-3b, adjust the Tungsten-Halogen Lamp
Adjustment Screw (22)and,/or the lLngsten-Halogen Lamp
Vertical Adjustment Screw (30) until the liqht is centered on
the filier
f. Press <630> <GOTO\> to set the wavelength to 630
nm.
g. Use the 7oT / A/C key to put the instrument into Absorb-
ance mode.
h. Press < l> <'l'T/A/C> and wait for the instrument to
display an absorbance value. (lt should be near 1.0.)
i. Usea flatblade screwdriverwith an insulated handle to turn
the TLngsten-Halogen Lamp Adjustment Screw (22) until
the instrument displays a minimum absorbance reading.
If the instrument displays a negative absorbance reading.
stop and repeat step h.
j. Use a Phillips screwdriver to turn the Tiingsten-Halogen
Lamp Vertical Adjustment Screw (30) until the instrument
displays a minimum absorbance reading.
k. Repeat step i.
L (601 only) Press <240> <GO TO \> to set the wave-
length to 240 nm.
m.(601 only) Use the %T/A/C key to put the instrument into
Absorbance mode.
n. (601 only) Press < I > <%T / A/C> and wait for the
instrument to display an absorbance value. (lt should be
near 1.0.)
o. (601 only) Use a flatblade screwdriver with an insulated
handle to turn the Deuterium Lamp Adjustment Screw (21)
until the instrument displays a minimum absorbance
reading.
If the instrument displays a negative absorbance reading,
Stop and repeat Step n.
p. (601 only) Repeat step o.
q. When adjustments are complete, turn the instrument off
and then on again to re-initialize it.
r. Reposition the Maintenance,/Lamp Access Door and se-
cure it by tightening the Lamp/Maintenance Compartment
Access Screw.
Figure G3a. Correct
t4
Figure 6-3b. lncorrect
Figure 6-3, Light Hitting and Passing Through the Filter
335103-100018

SECTION 7. RS-232-C INTERFACE-INTRODUCTION
The R$232-C Interface provides a 2-way communications
link between the SPECTRONIC 501/601 spectrophotometer
and an external electronic device, such as the Accessory
Control Module, a computer, or a printer. The RS-232-C Inter-
face consists of the following components:
a. A printed-circuit board, which is installed inside the spec-
trophotometer.
b. A cable assembly. An 1l-pin MOLEX Connector internally
connects the cable to the circuit board. The wires in the
cable are connected to a DB-25P male connector, which is
mounted on the rear panel of the spectrophotometer. This
connector serves as the "serial port" for external commu-
nications.
c. A 25-pin RS-232-C cable, which is installed between the
serial port and the external electronic device.
Output pin assignments are shown below.
PIN
I
2
4
5
SIGNAL NAME
PROTECTIVE GROUND
TRANSMITTED DATA
(rD)
RECEIVED DATA (RD)
REQUEST TO SEND (RTS)
CLEAR TO SEND (CTS)
SIGNAL GROUND
DATA TERMINAL READY
(DTR)
FUNCTION
Grounds the chassis
Data output from the
501/601
Data input from the
external device
+ l2V from the 501/601
Used for handshaking.
Requires 3-25V from the
external device (or CTS
line may be left open).
Return for Data & Control
signals
Used for handshaking.
The 501/601 supplies
+ 12V when power is on
and the instrument is
ready to accept data.
20
335103-100018 l5