Nautel ATU-HP Owner's manual

ATU-HP
Automatic
Antenna Tuning
Unit
Technical Instruction Manual
Issue 2.0 .........................06 October 2011
Nautel Limited
10089 Peggy's Cove Road,
Hackett's Cove, NS, Canada B3Z 3J4
T.+1.902.823.2233 F.+1.902.823.3183
[email protected]
U.S. customers please contact:
Nautel Inc.
201 Target Industrial Circle, Bangor ME 04401
T.+1.207.947.8200 F.+1.207.947.3693
[email protected]
e-mail: [email protected]
www.nautel.com
©Copyright 2011 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Warranty
by Nautel Limited/Nautel Inc. (herein after referred to as Nautel)
Nautel Limited/Nautel Incorporated, hereinafter referred to as Nautel, guarantees all mechanical and electrical parts of
the equipment for a period of thirteen months from date of shipment.
1. A "Part Failure" shall be deemed to have occurred when the part has become defective, or does not have the
characteristics required for the specified equipment performance:
(a) When the equipment is operated within the design parameters, and
(b) When the equipment is installed and adjusted according to Nautel's prescribed procedures as stated in
the instruction manual.
2. Nautel shall provide replacements for all "Parts" at no cost to the Customer when they become defective during
the warranty period, and upon the return of the defective part.
3. In the event that a "Part" fails during the warranty period and causes damage to a sub-assembly that cannot be
readily repaired in the field, the entire sub-assembly so damaged may be returned to Nautel for repair. The
repairs will be made without charge to the Customer.
4. Where warranty replacements or repair are provided under items 2 or 3, Nautel will pay that part of the shipping
costs incurred in returning the part/assembly to the Customer.
5. Warranty replacement parts and repair, which are provided under items 2 or 3, shall be guaranteed for a period
of ninety days from date of shipment or until the end of the original warranty period, whichever occurs later.
6. Nautel will not assume responsibility for any charges incurred by other than Nautel employees.
7. Nautel shall have the privilege of investigating whether failures have been caused by factors beyond its control.
8. Nautel shall in no event be liable for any consequential damages arising from the use of this equipment.
9. When requesting a warranty repair/replacement, please provide complete and accurate information. Observe
the instructions regarding 'Equipment Being Returned to Nautel' on page two of this warranty and provide the
information requested.
10. When ordering spare/replacement parts, please provide complete and accurate information. Refer to the parts
list of the Repair manual for ordering information. Provide as much of the information requested for 'Equipment
Being Returned to Nautel' on page two of this warranty as is practical. The information identified by an asterisk
is the minimum required.
Nautel Limited Nautel Inc.
10089 Peggy's Cove Road 201 Target Industrial Circle
Hackett's Cove NS Canada B3Z 3J4 Bangor ME USA 04401
T. 1.902.823.2233 F. 1.902.823.3183 T. 1.207.947.8200 F. 1.207.947.3693
24hr. Answering Service 1.902.823.3900
Customer Service Notice
A ‘Technical Assistance’ and ‘Plug-in Module Exchange’ service is available to Nautel users.

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Factory Support
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Nautel's field service department provides telephone technical assistance on a 24 hour, seven days a week basis.
Requests by other media (facsimile or e-mail) will be responded to the next working day if received after Nautel's normal
working hours. Contact the appropriate field service centre from the following:
U.S.A. customers use: Nautel Incorporated Telephone [phone] (24 hours)
201 Target Industrial Circle Facsimile 207-947-3693
Bangor, Maine 04401
All other customers use: Nautel Limited Telephone [phone] (24 hours)
10089 Peggy’s Cove Road, Facsimile 902-823-3183
Hackett’s Cove, NS, Canada E-Mail [e-mail]
B3Z 3J4 Web www.nautel.com
MODULE EXCHANGE SERVICE
In order to provide Nautel customers with a fast and efficient service in the event of a problem, Nautel operates a
factory rebuilt, module exchange service which takes full advantage of the high degree of module redundancy in
Nautel equipment. This module exchange service is operated from Nautel’s factory in Bangor, Maine and Hackett’s
Cove, Nova Scotia. These two locations allow us to provide a quick turn around service to keep our customers on
the air. During the transmitter’s warranty period, up to thirteen months from shipment, repair and exchange of
modules is at no charge to the customer. When the warranty has expired, a charge of 80% of the list price for all
exchanged modules is made. If the faulty module is returned to Nautel within 30 days, a credit is issued reducing
this charge by one half to 40% of the list price. U.S.A. customers are required to contact our Bangor, Maine facility.
Canadian and overseas customers should contact our Nova Scotia, Canada facility.
EQUIPMENT BEING RETURNED TO NAUTEL
All equipment being returned to Nautel and all requests for repairs or replacements should be marked 'field return' and
addressed to the appropriate Nautel facility.
Complete and accurate information regarding the equipment being returned will ensure prompt attention and will
expedite the dispatch of replacements. Refer to the nameplate on the transmitter and/or the appropriate
module/assembly to obtain name, type, part and serial number information. Refer to the parts list of this manual or the
appropriate service instruction manual for additional ordering information.
The following information should accompany each request:
* Model of Equipment
* Serial number of Equipment
* Name of Part/Assembly
Serial number of Part/Assembly
* Complete reference designation of Part/Assembly
* Nautel's part number of Part/Assembly
* OEM's part number of Part/Assembly
Number of hours in Use
Nature of defect
* Return shipping address
* Denotes minimum information required to order spare/replacement parts

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Safety Symbols
General definitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals.
DANGER – HIGH VOLTAGE
Indicates dangerous voltages (in excess of 72 V), capable of causing a fatal
electrical shock, are present on or near parts bearing this label.
GROUND (EARTH)
Used with wiring terminals to indicate the terminal must be connected to
earth ground before operating equipment. If power is supplied without
grounding the equipment, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal
electrical shock. Also used on electrical schematics to indicate a part that is
connected to earth ground.
GROUND (PROTECTIVE or SAFETY)
Used with protective (safety) conductor terminals to indicate the terminal
must be connected to ground before operating the equipment. If power is
supplied without grounding the equipment, there is a risk of receiving a
severe or fatal electrical shock.
ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE
Indicates a part or assembly is or contains devices that are electrostatic
sensitive. To prevent damage to these devices, ensure the handling
procedures outlined in this manual are observed.
WARNING A WARNING denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure,
condition, etc. which, if not strictly observed or adhered to, could result in
injury or death to personnel. Throughout the technical manual, a
WARNING shall immediately precede the text to which it applies.
CAUTION A CAUTION denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure,
condition, etc., which, if not strictly observed or adhered to, could result in
damage to, or destruction of the equipment. Throughout the technical
manual, a CAUTION shall immediately precede the text to which it
applies.
NOTE A NOTE denotes important information pertaining to an operating
procedure, condition, statement, etc., which is essential to highlight. A
NOTE may precede or follow the text to which it applies.

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Safety
Toxic Hazard Warning
There are devices used in this equipment containing beryllium oxide ceramic,
which is non-hazardous during normal device operation and under normal device
failure conditions. These devices are specifically identified in the equipment
parts list(s).
DO NOT cut, crush or grind devices because the resulting dust may be
HAZARDOUS IF INHALED. Unserviceable devices should be disposed of as
harmful waste.

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Contents Page
1 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.2 FACTORY SUPPORT 1-1
1.3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF MANUAL 1-1
1.4 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT 1-1
1.5 MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION 1-1
1.6 TECHNICAL SUMMARY 1-2
1.7 TEST EQUIPMENT AND SPECIAL TOOLS 1-2
2 PREPARATION FOR USE AND INSTALLATION
2.1 INTRODUCTION 2-1
2.2 PREPARATION FOR USE 2-1
2.2.1 Mounting Considerations 2-1
2.2.2 Environmental Considerations 2-1
2.2.3 Proximity to Transmitter 2-1
2.2.4 Antenna Structure 2-1
2.2.5 Customer Required Interfacing 2-5
2.2.5.1 RF Output Feed Cable 2-5
2.2.5.2 Remote Control/Monitor Wiring 2-5
2.2.5.3 RF Input Cable 2-5
2.2.5.4 Ac Power Cable 2-5
2.2.5.5 Ground Connection 2-5
2.2.6 Pre-Startup User Determined Information 2-6
2.2.6.1 Carrier Frequency 2-6
2.2.6.2 Antenna Capacitance 2-6
2.2.7 Parts Supplied by Nautel 2-7
2.2.8 Test Equipment 2-7
2.2.9 Available Options 2-7
2.2.9.1 Solar Shield 2-7
2.2.9.2 Frequency Agile Capacitor Kit 2-7
2.2.9.3 Series Resistor 2-7
2.3 UNPACKING 2-7
2.4 INSTALLATION 2-10
2.5 SYSTEM TURN-ON/TUNING PROCEDURE 2-10
2.5.1 Adjusting the Spark Gap 2-26
2.6 INCREASING ANTENNA BANDWIDTH 2-28
3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
3.1 INTRODUCTION 3-1
3.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN 3-1
3.3 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 3-1

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Contents Page
4 TESTING AND ADJUSTMENT
4.1 INTRODUCTION 4-1
4.2 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS 4-1
4.3 FUNCTIONAL TESTS 4-1
4.3.1 General 4-1
4.3.2 Initial Settings 4-1
4.3.3 Manual Check of Tuning Drive 4-2
4.3.3.1 Inductive Tuning Motor 4-2
4.3.3.2 Resistive Tuning Motor 4-2
4.3.4 Initial Check of RF Tuning and
Automatic Operation 4-3
4.3.5 Final Tuning of RF Circuits 4-4
4.4 NON-STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS 4-5
4.4.1 Antenna Current Meter Calibration 4-5
5 MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
5.1 GENERAL 5-1
5.2 SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE 5-1
5.2.1 Cleaning the ATU-HP 5-1
5.2.2 Checking Hardware 5-1
5.3 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE 5-1
5.3.1 Replacing a Failed Fan 5-2
5.3.2 Checking/Replacing the Inductive
Tuning Motor 5-2
5.3.3 Checking/Replacing the Resistive
Tuning Motor 5-3
6THEORY OF OPERATION
6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1
6.2 ANTENNA TUNING UNIT OVERVIEW 6-1
6.2.1 ATU Control PWB 6-1
6.2.1.1 Power Supplies 6-1
6.2.1.2 Servo Probe 6-1
6.2.1.3 Forward/Reflected Power Probe 6-1
6.2.1.4 Input Voltage and Current Probes 6-1
6.2.1.5 Microcontroller 6-2
6.2.1.6 Antenna Current Probe 6-2
6.2.2 Matching Transformer/Current Probe 6-2
6.2.3 Resistive Matcher/Capacitor PWB 6-2
6.2.4 Tuning Coils 6-2

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Contents Page
6.2.5 Tuning Drive Motor 6-2
6.3 DETAILED CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS 6-5
6.3.1 Servo Probe 6-5
6.3.2 Forward/Reflected Power Probe 6-5
6.3.3 Power Supplies 6-5
6.3.4 Current/Voltage Samples 6-6
6.3.5 Antenna Current Probe 6-6
6.3.6 Microcontroller Control 6-6
6.3.6.1 Analog Inputs 6-6
6.3.6.2 Digital Inputs 6-7
6.3.6.3 Digital Outputs 6-8
6.3.7 Serial Communications (RS485) 6-9
6.3.8 Motor Limit Control 6-9
7 PARTS INFORMATION
7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1
7.2 REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS LISTS 7-1
7.3 COLUMN CONTENT EXPLANATION 7-1
7.3.1 Ref Des Column 7-1
7.3.2 Description Column 7-1
7.3.3 Nautel # Column 7-1
7.3.4 Vendor # Column 7-1
7.3.5 OEM Code Column 7-2
7.4 OEM CODE TO MANUFACTURER
CROSS-REFERENCE 7-2
7.4.1 Manufacturer’s Index 7-2
7.5 COMMON ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS 7-2
8 WIRING INFORMATION
8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-1
8.2 WIRING LISTS NOT PROVIDED 8-1
8.3 PRINTED WIRING PATTERNS 8-1
8.4 WIRE COLORS 8-1
8.5 WIRING LISTS PROVIDED 8-1
9 ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS
9.1 INTRODUCTION 9-1
9.2 COMPONENT VALUES 9-1
9.3 GRAPHIC SYMBOLS 9-1
9.4 LOGIC SYMBOLS 9-1

ATU-HP Technical Instruction Manual Oct.06.11
Contents Page
9.5 REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS 9-1
9.6 UNIQUE SYMBOLOGY 9-1
9.6.1 Type of Inputs/Outputs 9-1
9.6.2 Logic Level/Convention 9-1
9.7 IDENTIFICATION OF SCHEMATIC
DIAGRAMS 9-1
9.8 STRUCTURE OF SCHEMATICS 9-2
9.9 LOCATING THE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM(S)
FOR A FUNCTIONAL BLOCK 9-2
9.10 LOCATING A PART/ASSEMBLY IDENTIFIED
ON A SCHEMATIC 9-2
10 MECHANICAL DRAWINGS
10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1
10.2 LOCATING ASSEMBLY DETAIL DRAWINGS 10-1
10.3 CONTENT OF MECHANICAL DRAWINGS 10-1
List of Tables
1-1 Recommended Site Test Equipment and Special Tools 1-3
2-1a Frequency Dependent Capacitors for DGPS Applications 2-8
2-1b Frequency Dependent Capacitors for Low Power NDB Applications 2-8
2-1c Frequency Dependent Capacitors for High Power NDB Applications 2-9
2-1d Capacitors Ordering Information 2-9
2-2 Tuning Coil Inductance Values (μH) 2-11
2-3 T1 Matching Transformer 50 Ohm Connections 2-16
2-4 Determining ‘R Match’ 2-17
2-5 T1 Taps vs Resistance Ratio 2-17
2-6a Loading Coil (DGPS) Series Connection (500-136 μH) 2-20
2-6b Loading Coil (DGPS) Parallel Connection (135-20 μH) 2-21
2-6c Loading Coil (NDB Low Power) Series Connection (2700-640 μH) 2-22
2-6d Loading Coil (NDB Low Power) Parallel Connection (639-50 μH) 2-23
2-6e Loading Coil (NDB High Power) Series Connection (1200-300 μH) 2-24
2-6f Loading Coil (NDB High Power) Parallel Connection (299-25 μH) 2-25
2-7 T2 Taps vs Series Resistance 2-31
3-1 ATU Control/Monitor PWB Controls and Indicators 3-3
7-1 Manufacturer’s Index 7-3
8-1 Wiring Lists Provided 8-1
8-2 Wiring List – ATU-HP – Automatic Antenna Tuning Unit 8-2
9-1 Electrical Schematics 9-2
10-1 Mechanical Drawings 10-1