Nera Evolution Series Parts list manual

Technical Description
Evolution Series XPAND
Multi Service Radio Link System, 5 - 38 GH

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NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 1
The information in this documentation is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in
the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use of Nera's customers only for the
purposes of the agreement under which the documentation is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nera.
The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the
mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made
between Nera and the customer. However, Nera has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions
contained in the documentation are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nera will, if necessary,
explain issues that may not be covered by the documentation. Nera's liability for any errors in the documentation is
limited to the documentary correction of errors.
NERA WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTATION OR FOR ANY
DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the
use of this documentation or the information in it. This documentation and the product it describes are considered
protected by copyright according to the applicable laws.
NERA logo is a registered trademark of Nera ASA. Other product names mentioned in this documentation may be
trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.
Copyright © Nera 2006. All rights reserved.

2 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
Document history
Revision Date Summary of changes
Rev A 24.feb.2006 First Release
Rev B 28.mar.2006 Added info about PDH X-connect. Updated channel plan info.
Removed low priority traffic. Corrected editorial errors
Rev C 23.june.2006 4.2.7 Environmental conditions updated.
11 GHz Output Power updated

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 3
Contents Page
1. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................7
1.1. FEATURES................................................................................................................................................9
1.2. NETWORK APPLICATIONS.................................................................................................................10
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................................................13
2.1. IFU WITH PDH X-CONNECT...............................................................................................................13
2.2. OUTDOOR UNIT (ODU) DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................16
2.3. IFU UNIT DESCRIPTIONS....................................................................................................................16
2.3.1. Supervisory Unit.............................................................................................................................16
2.3.2. Radio Interface Unit – RIU.............................................................................................................16
2.3.3. Line Interface Unit – LIU ...............................................................................................................16
2.3.4. SDH/SONET Digital X-Connect Unit............................................................................................16
2.3.5. Alarm and Control Unit ..................................................................................................................17
2.3.6. 64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit ............................................................................................................17
2.3.7. EOW Unit (Service channel) ..........................................................................................................17
2.3.8. Fan Unit ..........................................................................................................................................17
2.3.9. Power Supply Unit..........................................................................................................................17
3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS ......................................................................................................................18
3.1. 1+0 SYSTEM...........................................................................................................................................18
3.2. 1+1 HSB / 1+1 FD SYSTEM...................................................................................................................19
3.3. SPACE DIVERSITY/DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM...............................................................................19
3.4. NODE CONFIGURATION.....................................................................................................................20
4. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTRICS .........................................................................................................21
4.1. FREQUENCY BANDS ...........................................................................................................................21
4.2. GENERAL EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................24
4.2.1. Equipment Reference Points...........................................................................................................24
4.2.2. ETSI Equipment Class....................................................................................................................24
4.2.3. Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC).........................................................................24
4.2.4. Safety conditions.............................................................................................................................24
4.2.5. RoHS and WEEE compliance ........................................................................................................24
4.2.6. Equipment Type Approval..............................................................................................................24
4.2.7. Environmental conditions...............................................................................................................25
4.3. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS..................................................................................................25
4.3.1. Installation ......................................................................................................................................25
4.3.2. Dimensions .....................................................................................................................................25
4.3.3. Weights...........................................................................................................................................25
4.4. POWER SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION.............................................................................................26
4.5. SYSTEM RELIABILITY ........................................................................................................................26
4.5.1. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)...........................................................................................26
5. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................27
5.1. TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................................27
5.1.1. Nominal Output Power ...................................................................................................................27
5.1.2. Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC) ........................................................................27
5.1.3. TX oscillator frequency tolerance...................................................................................................28
5.2. RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS .........................................................................................................28
5.2.1. Receiver Threshold 4xE1 - 7 MHz BW..........................................................................................28
5.2.2. Receiver Threshold 8xE1 - 7 MHz BW..........................................................................................28
5.2.3. Receiver Threshold 8xE1 - 14 MHz BW........................................................................................28
5.2.4. Receiver Threshold 16xE1 - 14 MHz BW......................................................................................29
5.2.5. Receiver Threshold 16xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................29
5.2.6. Receiver Threshold 20xE1 - 14 MHz BW......................................................................................29
5.2.7. Receiver Threshold 40xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................29
5.2.8. Receiver Threshold 50xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................30

4 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
5.2.9. Receiver Threshold 75xE1 - 28 MHz BW......................................................................................30
5.2.10. Maximum input level......................................................................................................................30
5.2.11. RX oscillator frequency tolerance ..................................................................................................30
5.2.12. Noise Figure ...................................................................................................................................30
5.3. INTERFERENCE SENSITIVITY...........................................................................................................31
5.3.1. Co-channel interference sensitivity ................................................................................................31
5.3.2. Adjacent channel interference sensitivity .......................................................................................31
5.4. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE....................................................................................................................32
5.4.1. System Gain....................................................................................................................................32
5.4.2. Equipment background BER (Residual BER)................................................................................32
5.4.3. System Signature ............................................................................................................................32
5.5. DIPLEXER AND ANTENNA INTERFACE..........................................................................................33
5.5.1. General description.........................................................................................................................33
5.5.2. RF-Coupler.....................................................................................................................................33
5.5.3. Interface to Antenna feeder system – non integrated antennas.......................................................33
5.6. IFU-ODU INTERFACE ..........................................................................................................................34
5.6.1. Cable interface characteristics ........................................................................................................34
5.6.2. Cable characteristics .......................................................................................................................34
5.7. RADIO PROTECTION SWITCHING (RPS) .........................................................................................35
5.7.1. Specification of the protection switching system ...........................................................................35
5.7.2. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Rx......................................................................35
5.7.3. Switching criteria and switching operation time, Tx ......................................................................35
6. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS...............................................................................................................36
6.1. USER INTERFACES ..............................................................................................................................36
6.2. ETHERNET FUNCTIONALITY............................................................................................................36
6.2.1. General ...........................................................................................................................................36
6.2.2. Ethernet Traffic Mapping ...............................................................................................................36
6.2.3. Flow Control...................................................................................................................................36
6.2.4. MAC learning.................................................................................................................................36
6.2.5. Link-Loss Failure pass through on the Ethernet port......................................................................36
6.3. TRANSMISSION INTERFACES ...........................................................................................................37
6.3.1. Interface characteristics 1.5 Mbit/s.................................................................................................37
6.3.2. Interface characteristics 2 Mbit/s....................................................................................................37
6.3.3. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s electrical ................................................................................37
6.3.4. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Intermediate Reach..................................................37
6.3.5. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1300nm................................................38
6.3.6. Interface characteristics 155 Mbit/s optical - Long Reach 1500nm................................................38
6.3.7. Interface characteristics Ethernet – 10/100 BASE-TX:..................................................................38
6.4. AUXILIARY INTERFACES...................................................................................................................39
6.4.1. 64 kb/s channel characteristics .......................................................................................................39
6.4.2. Service telephone/Orderwire interfaces..........................................................................................39
6.4.3. Alarm and Control Unit..................................................................................................................40
7. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................41
7.1. GENERAL...............................................................................................................................................41
7.1.1. Event logging..................................................................................................................................41
7.1.2. Monitoring of system performance.................................................................................................41
7.1.3. Security management......................................................................................................................42
7.2. ECC (EMBEDDED COMMUNICATION CHANNEL).........................................................................43
7.2.1. IP Routing.......................................................................................................................................43
7.2.2. Embedded SNMP agent..................................................................................................................43
7.3. INTERFACES TO THE SUPERVISION SYSTEM ...............................................................................43
7.3.1. General ...........................................................................................................................................43
7.3.2. LEDs...............................................................................................................................................43
8. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................44
9. TERMINOLOGY.............................................................................................................................................46

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 5
APPENDIX 1 – ODU/Diplexer sub-band range .....................................................................................................48
List of Figures Page
Figure 2-1 IFU, 1+0 system........................................................................................................................................13
Figure 2-2: PDH X-Connect........................................................................................................................................14
Figure 2-3 ODU, 1+0 System.....................................................................................................................................16
Figure 3-1 System Block Diagram 1+0 Terminal ......................................................................................................18
Figure 3-2 System Block Diagram 1+1 HSB/FD Terminal .......................................................................................19
Figure 3-3 System Block Diagram Space Diversity Terminal ...................................................................................19
Figure 3-4 System Block Diagram XPAND Traffic Node.........................................................................................20
Figure 4-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system ..............................................................................................24
List of Tables Page
Table 4-1 Frequency bands ETSI................................................................................................................................22
Table 4-2 Frequency bands ANSI ...............................................................................................................................23
Table 4-3 ETSI Equipment Class................................................................................................................................24
Table 4-4 Power consumption terminal.......................................................................................................................26
Table 4-5 Maximum power consumption units...........................................................................................................26
Table 5-1 Nominal output power.................................................................................................................................27
Table 5-2 Receiver threshold 4xE1 in 7 MHz channel................................................................................................28
Table 5-3 Receiver threshold 8xE1 in 7 MHz channel................................................................................................28
Table 5-4 Receiver threshold 8xE1 in 14 MHz channel..............................................................................................28
Table 5-5 Receiver threshold 16xE1 in 14 MHz channel............................................................................................29
Table 5-6 Receiver threshold 16xE1 in 28 MHz channel............................................................................................29
Table 5-7 Receiver threshold 20xE1 in 14 MHz channel............................................................................................29
Table 5-8 Receiver threshold 40xE1 in 28 MHz channel............................................................................................29
Table 5-9 Receiver threshold 50xE1 in 28 MHz channel............................................................................................30
Table 5-10 Receiver threshold 75xE1 in 28 MHz channel..........................................................................................30
Table 5-11 Maximum input signal level......................................................................................................................30
Table 5-12 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity .........................................................................................................31
Table 5-13 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity................................................................................................31
Table 5-14 System gain...............................................................................................................................................32
Table 5-15 Typical signature values............................................................................................................................32
Table 5-16 RF-Coupler loss ........................................................................................................................................33
Table 5-17 ODU flanges and waveguide.....................................................................................................................33
Table 5-18 Cable lengths, IFU-ODU cable .................................................................................................................34
Table 7-1 LED status indications ................................................................................................................................43

6 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
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NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 7
1. INTRODUCTION
The first chapter in this document contains information about the Evolution Series in general. Chapter
two and onwards cover the Evolution Series - XPAND specifically.
The Nera Evolution Series microwave radio dramatically changes the operations for wireless transmission
network owners. With a common platform architecture, which is fully software configurable;
transmission capacity, system configurations and transmission protocols can be changed to adapt to future
needs. Evolution Series dramatically reduces the cost of ownership. With significantly reduced number of
parts and high MTBF Evolution Series ensures maximum uptime and low maintenance.
The Evolution Series microwave radio is designed to transmit data rates from about 6 Mb/s to 600Mb/s,
in the frequency bands from 5 GHz to 38 GHz. The configuration of capacity and modulation is software
configurable, giving an optimal balance between system gain and spectral efficiency.
Network operators can easily future proof the network as the microwave radio can easily adapt to the
evolution of the transmission network. Growing traffic and the convergence of network technologies
causes changing requirements, such as capacity upgrades, change of transmission systems between PDH,
SDH/SONET and pure Ethernet; all this is simply implemented by software configuration change and
change of interface modules. The available interfaces range from E1, T1, E3, DS3 STM-1/OC-3, STM-
4/OC12 to 10/100BASE-TX and Gigabit Ethernet.
The Evolution Series product can be configured to work in three different modes. Payload capacity is also
configurable and is selected by SW licences. Changes and upgrades can be done by the user without HW
changes to the basic platform.
XPAND features (ETSI)
•Scalable 8, 16, 32, 40, 80, 100, 160 Mb/s transmission capacity
•7, 14 and 28 MHz BW
•Mix of Ethernet and E1s
•4, 8, 16, 20, 40, 50, 75 x E1 capacity
•Ethernet 1xFE, scalable with 2 Mbit/s granularity up to 100Mb/s
•Embedded PDH cross-connect (Ethernet and E1)
•Ring protection for E1s (also E1’s carrying Ethernet traffic), based on SNCP
•STM-1 interface for direct connection to a SDH based network
The XPAND variant (ANSI)
•Scalable 6, 12, 24, 48, 100 Mb/s transmission capacity
•5, 10, 20 and 30 MHz BW
•Mix of Ethernet and T1s
•4, 8, 16, 32, 64 x T1 capacity
•Ethernet 1xFE, scalable with 1.5 Mbit/s granularity up to 100Mb/s
•Embedded PDH cross-connect (Ethernet and T1)
•Ring protection for T1s (also T1’s carrying Ethernet traffic), based on SNCP
•OC-3/STS-3 interface for direct connection to a SONET based network
The IP variant (ETSI and ANSI)
•1xFE, 4xFE or 1xGbE
•Scalable 100, 150, 300 & 600 Mb/s transmission capacity
•28, 40, 50 and 56 MHz BW
•CCDP configuration with XPIC

8 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
The METRO variant (ETSI and ANSI)
•155 Mb/s, 311Mb/s and 622 Mb/s transmission capacity
•Configurations up to 3+1/4+0
•CCDP configuration with XPIC
•28, 40, 50 and 56 MHz BW
•Options for embedded ADM mux / X-connect
•TDM traffic : 63xE1, 3xE3/DS3, 64xT1
•Advanced Ethernet : 4xFE and 1xGbE with QoS, nxVC12(VT1.5), VC-3(STS-1) or VC-4(STS-
3-3c) mapping
•Traffic Node with 4 radio directions, SNCP with Ring, Chain, Star or Mesh topology
The Evolution Series is an integrated part of Nera’s wide product portfolio, from the leading microwave
specialist. The product portfolio covers products for all type of professional wireless carrier systems.
Nera’s microwave experience dates back more than 50 years, with a leading position in this field. The
Evolution Series radio is integrated in Nera’s new EM/NMS system, NetMaster.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 9
1.1. Features
The Evolution Series microwave radio utilises the state-of-the-art technology to achieve low power
consumption and high reliability.
A high degree of RF circuit integration is achieved using Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuits
(MMIC’s). This, combined with a direct at RF modulation architecture, enables a broadband and compact
ODU design. Furthermore, patented power amplifier technology delivers low power consumption which
further enhances reliability.
The modem contains multidimensional coded modulation, combined with a powerful block code. The
resulting two-stage error correction improves system margin over traditional single FEC systems such as
QAM, TCM or MLCM. The modem is extremely flexible, enabling an optimum configuration for all
capacities and channel plans.
The ODU Unit consists of a XVCR and a Diplexer Unit. The ODU is frequency and capacity agile. The
tuning range is very wide and most frequency bands can be covered by four variants for the whole band.
The frequency setting is easy and is performed locally or remotely by the LCT function.
The ODU can for most frequency bands be mounted directly on the antenna, both in unprotected and
protected configurations. The ODU can also be mounted on the antenna pole, using a short flexible
waveguide to the antenna.
The InterFace Unit (IFU) is an extremely modular system, catering for the various system configurations
and traffic interfaces by plug-in modules. The IFU can easily be expanded from a single channel system
up to a traffic node handling up to 8 ODUs. The IFU contains the user interfaces, baseband processing
and multiplexing, management and radio interface.
The demodulator contains an integrated digital interference canceller, which can be used to provide the
XPIC function, enabling two carriers to be transmitted over the same frequency, using dual polarised
antennas.
The embedded PDH cross-connect allows flexible routing of Ethernet traffic and E1/T1-traffic between
the radio interfaces and the user interfaces.
The optional DXC-Unit in combination with an STM-1/OC-3 interface provides a direct interface from
this platform to a SDH/SONET network.
The equipment configuration, licenses and the operating software can be stored on the memory key
available for plug-in at the front of the equipment or downloaded to a computer. When a new Supervisory
Unit is inserted, the equipment configuration can then easily be restored to the radio equipment.

10 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
1.2. Network Applications
The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideally suited for a wide range of applications. Due to the
flexibility in configurations, the choice of traffic interfaces and the capacity scalability, it can easily adapt
to the specific requirements of a given network application. The flexibility and ease- of upgrade, future
proof the investment, as the equipment can grow with the increasing traffic demand as well as easily
adapt to other transmission technologies.
Mobile (BTS) Backhaul
-The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideal for demanding and critical application such as
backhaul of BTS traffic. Where loss of traffic directly results in loss of revenue, reliability and
maximum uptime are critical parameters for the network operator. The Evolution Series reliable and
flexible architecture as well as high system gain, ensures increased availability of the offered services,
and a secured revenue stream. The embedded PDH (E1/T1) cross-connect enables routing of traffic
without the need for external cabling. Further, the E1/T1 traffic circuits can be individually protected
via ring or mesh topologies, and various traffic types can be mixed, sharing the transmission capacity
of the radio. The radio can be configured for a wide range of capacities, ensuring an optimal
utilization of the available spectrum as well as capabilities for upgrading when traffic demand
increases or new services are introduced.
-With the introduction of new mobile technologies (3G), as an overlay network or a Greenfield
installation, the aggregate capacity demand typically raise above 16xE/T1. A flexible platform that
can grow with capacity requirements represent large savings in the network operation, compared to
more traditional network designs.
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NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 11
LMDS/FWA Backhaul
-LMDS/FWA backhaul. The Evolution Series radio is well suited for backhaul of traffic from Point-to-
MultiPoint radio access systems like WiMax. With a selectable capacity, ranging from about 6Mb/s
to 600Mb/s, the Evolution Series radio can easily be deployed in small network as well as in larger
constellations and networks with several sites linked together. The choice of pure TDM (E1/T1),
Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet, or 155Mb/s SDH/SONET, or a combination of TDM (E1/T1) with
Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet, makes the Evolution Series suitable for any FWA network installation.
-DSLAM backhaul. The instruction of xDSL services can in some cases uncover a new challenge. The
local transmission network may only be dimensioned for the POTS traffic and is not suited for high
speed data. Upgrading the local network to fiber might not be feasible due to time and/or cost of such
upgrade. The Evolution Series microwave radio offers an easy and flexible solution to this challenge.
The Evolution Series microwave radio can offer backhaul of the DSLAM to the optical backbone
network, whether the network interfaces are PDH, ATM/SDH/SONET or Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet.
With the Evolution Series radio, the various traffic types are catered for merely by change of interface
modules.
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12 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
Private Networks Operators
-Corporate/Campus Networks. The Evolution Series radio is a good alternative to more common
unlicensed microwave solutions. With choice of pure TDM (E1/T1/E3/DS3), Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet, 155Mb/s SDH/SONET, or a combinations of TDM (E1/T1/E3/DS3) with Ethernet/Gigabit
Ethernet, makes the Evolution Series suitable for most private networks, whether they are carrying
legacy services or data only. Flexibility and simplicity, combined with a predictable reliability, proves
for many network owners to be an unbeatable combination.
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NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 13
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The Evolution Series microwave radio system comprises an indoor part (IFU), and an outdoor part
(ODU) and an antenna. The IFU and ODU is interconnected with coaxial cable which carries transmit and
receive user traffic, management communication between the IFU and ODU, and the power supply to the
ODU.
2.1. IFU with PDH X-Connect
The Evolution Series IFU is a 1RU basic frame, containing 9 plug-in slots for various modules. The
modular architecture with plug-in slots enables a high degree of flexibility, ease of upgrading/changing
configurations and easy maintenance.
Figure 2-1 IFU, 1+0 system
The basic IFU frame is common in all configurations and up to four basic IFU basic frames can be
stacked together through a rear connection. Cages with connection panel housing 2 or 4 IFUs are
available.
Embedded 4-port X-connect for routing of E1/T1 and Ethernet traffic:
The basic IFU frame contains an embedded 4-port PDH X-Connect (PXC). Each of these 4 ports (0, 1, 2
and 3) can be assigned to the Ethernet Interface (on Supervisory Unit), E1/T1-Line Interface Unit, Radio
Interface Unit, or IFU-rear-interface (IFU expansion). Ethernet traffic is carried as E1/T1-frames through
the X-connect. The capacity through the 4 PXC-ports is limited by the unit each port is connected to as
shown in the table below:
PXC connected to: Maximum Capacity:
Ethernet port (on SU Unit) 50E1 or 64T1 (100Mb/s)
E1 Line Interface 25E1
T1 Line Interface 16T1
Radio Interface 75E1 or 96T1
IFU rear Interface (IFU expansion) 63E1 or 84T1
Each of the E1/T1 carried through the 4 PXC-ports can be X-connected (any to any, non-blocking). Each
E1/T1-output from the PXC can be configured to be sourced from any E1/T1-input. All E1/T1-outputs
may have the same source (one-to-many principle). Two of the PXC-ports (port 2 and 3) can be
configured to go to Radio Interfaces. SNCP is available for each E1/T1. When configuring the PXC,
each individual E1/T1 may be set up with SNCP activated or not activated.

14 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
Figure 2-2: PDH X-Connect
Configuration examples:
Terminal
Configuration:
Units and location in IFU: PXC-port to be
used:
Comment:
100Mbps FE
+ 25E1, 1+0
(one IFU)
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x 25E1 Line interface in IFU slot 3
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
3
1
0
PXC-port 2 not
used
100Mbps FE
+1-25E1, HSB
(one IFU)
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
1 x 25E1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
3
3
0
1
PXC-port 2 not
used. In HSB is
traffic switched
after the PXC
50Mbps FE
+26-50E1, HSB
(one IFUs)
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
25E1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
25E1 Line Interface in IFU slot 2
3
3
0
1
2
All PXC-ports
used.
100Mbps FE
+ 16T1, 1+0
(one IFU)
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x 16T1 Line interface in IFU slot 3
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
3
1
0
PXC-port 2 not
used
100Mbps FE
+1-16T1, HSB
(one IFU)
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
1 x 16T1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
3
3
0
1
PXC-port 2 not
used. In HSB is
traffic switched
after the PXC
50Mbps FE
+17-32T1, HSB
(one IFUs)
1 x RIU in IFU slot 5
1 x RIU in IFU slot 4
SU-FE in IFU slot 1
16T1 Line Interface in IFU slot 3
16T1 Line Interface in IFU slot 2
3
3
0
1
2
All PXC-ports
used.
PDH
X-Connect
(PXC)
Port
-
1
Port
-
2
Port
-
3
Port
-
0

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 15
Plug-in units:
-The lower left position contains the Supervisory Unit. The Supervisory Unit is handling the
configuration of all system units as well as reporting system status to the EM/NMS system. One of
the LAN-ports on the Supervisory Unit may be used for Ethernet User traffic.
-The rightmost position houses the FAN Unit, handling the ventilation and temperature management
of the IFU frame. The FAN Unit is always included with the IFU basic frame. The LED on the FAN
Unit is an alarm for the IFU basic frame.
-The Line Interface slots houses the various optional user traffic interfaces.
-The two Radio Interface slots houses Radio Interface Units (RIUs) or Power Supply Units. The RIU
provides connection to the ODU and includes power supply to the unit and the ODU.
-The upper Aux/Serv. slots houses any Auxiliary or Service Channel units, such as Alarm and Control
Unit, Wayside Unit, 64 kb Data Channels Unit and EOW Unit. Up to three slots are available, limited
by double height Line Interface Units or DXC (used with STM-1/OC-3-interface).
All units can be replaced in the field. Non traffic carrying units can be replaced without interrupting the
service. See paragraph 2.3 for further description of the various plug-in units.

16 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
2.2. OutDoor Unit (ODU) description
The ODU hardware is capacity and modulation independent. It consists of a XCVR and a Diplexer. The
XCVR is tuneable over the whole frequency band, both high and low part. The diplexer determines the
sub-band coverage. The ODU is normally mounted directly to the antenna for all configurations. In HSB
and 1+1/2+0 configurations an RF-Coupler is used when connecting the ODU to the antenna interface.
An optional pole mount kit is available.
Figure 2-3 ODU, 1+0 System
2.3. IFU Unit Descriptions
2.3.1. Supervisory Unit
The Supervisory Unit is handling the configuration of all the system units as well as reporting system
status to the EM/NMS system. It has two 10/100 BASE-TX Ethernet ports and two USB ports; one host
port and one device port.
The Ethernet ports are connected to an internal switch and can both be used for connection to the
EM/NMS system and/or for connecting terminals together in an Ethernet LAN.
One of the Ethernet ports (LAN2) can be used for user traffic. The Ethernet traffic is mapped in to nxE1
or nxT1 and then into the radio-frame mixed with TDM circuits. Capacity is limited by the configured
link capacity. Ethernet capacity is selectable in E1/T1 steps.
The USB host port serve as the LCT port. The USB ports can also be used to connect IFUs together, and
the host port can be used as interface for storage devices for SW backup and download.
2.3.2. Radio Interface Unit – RIU
The RIU contains the interface for connecting the IFU to one ODU with a single coaxial cable. It also
contains the connector for power supply to IFU and ODU.
2.3.3. Line Interface Unit – LIU
The LIU contains the interface for connecting the user traffic to the IFU. In addition to the LAN-port on
the Supervisory Unit, LIUs are available for E1 or T1. For interfacing to a SDH/SONET system, a STM-
1/OC-3 LIUs is used in combination with the DXC-Unit.
2.3.4. SDH/SONET Digital X-Connect Unit
The optional SDH/SONET DXC is used in combination with the STM-1/OC-3 LIU to provide a
SDH/SONET interface on Evolution XPAND. The multiplex structure is selectable between SDH and
SONET. The DXC Unit handles the mapping and timing features necessary to interface to a
SDH/SONET system. The SETS function handles node synchronisation and selection of synchronisation
sources.

NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006 Evolution Series - XPAND 17
2.3.5. Alarm and Control Unit
The unit provides interfaces for collection of external alarms or analogue values, and relays for external
alarm and control outputs.
•Eight alarm inputs
•Four relay outputs
•Seven analogue inputs
2.3.6. 64 kb/s Serial Channel Unit
The unit contains four 64kbit/s channel interfaces to be used for user traffic. Two with co-directional
interface, one with contra-directional interface and one V.11 interface (without byte timing).
2.3.7. EOW Unit (Service channel)
The EOW Unit provides a party line service channel for voice communication to other terminals in the
network. It provides the following functions:
•Selective call with two digit telephone number.
•Collective call by pressing *-button.
•Built-in bridge for east/west connections.
•4-wire analogue interfaces for connection to other service channel equipment.
•One 4-wire Interface with level adjustment
•Two Other Equipment (OE1 and OE2 ) interfaces
•The two OE interfaces can be configured for Daisy-chain operation
•The pinning configuration is adapted to standard Ethernet CAT-5 cable; this enables use of standard
cables.
The IFU can be equipped with two service telephone plug-in units unit. A standard telephone handset
connects to the unit.
2.3.8. Fan Unit
The Fan Unit handles temperature management of the IFU and consists of three fans. An alarm is
generated if one of the fans should fail. The Fan Unit is field replaceable without interrupting the service.
2.3.9. Power Supply Unit
This unit is used if the IFU is not equipped with RIU (Radio Interface Unit) or for duplicated power
supply in a 1+0 configuration.

18 Evolution Series - XPAND NGP\00329 Rev. C 23-06-2006
3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS
Evolution Series XPAND is available in the following configurations:
•1+0 (Unprotected)
•1+1 Hot Standby
•1+1 Hot Standby – Dual antenna/Space Diversity
•1+1 Frequency Diversity
•1+1 Frequency Diversity – Space Diversity
•1+1 Frequency Diversity – Dual Polarised
•2+0 Dual frequency – Single Polarisation (DF-SP)
•2+0 Dual frequency – Alternating Polarisation (AP)
3.1. 1+0 system
The 1+0 configuration consists of an IFU basic frame, an E1 or T1 Interface Unit, a Radio Interface Unit,
a single coaxial cable to the ODU and an ODU mounted directly on the antenna or near the antenna.
When the ODU is not mounted directly on the antenna, a short flexible waveguide is used to connect the
ODU to the antenna port.
Figure 3-1 System Block Diagram 1+0 Terminal
Legend
ALM External alarm input/output
AUX Auxiliary functions
EMF Embedded Management Functions
EOW Engineering Order Wire
LAN Local Area Network port (10/100BASE-TX Ethernet)
LIU Line Interface Unit
RIU Radio Interface Unit
PWR Power Supply
PXC PDH X-Connect
SERV Service functions
SU Supervisory Unit
USB Universal Serial Bus
XCVR Transmitter/Receiver