NETGEAR HR314 - Wireless Router User manual

SM-HR314NA-0
July 2002
NETGEAR, Inc.
4500 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
Phone 1-888-NETGEAR
Reference Manual for the
Model HR314 802.11a
Hi-Speed Wireless Router

ii
© 2002 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to
make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

iii
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radiation Exposure Warning
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. In order to
avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human proximity to the antenna shall not be
less than 20 cm (8 inches) during normal operation.
Radio Frequency Interference Requirements
This device is restricted to indoor use due to its operation in the 5.15 to 5.25 GHz frequency range. FCC requires this
product to be used indoors for the frequency range 5.15 to 5.25 GHz to reduce the potential for harmful interference to
cochannel Mobile Satellite systems. High power radars are allocated as primary users of the 5.25 to 5.35 GHz and 5.65
to 5.85 GHz bands. These radar stations can cause interference with and /or damage this device.
EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance
This is to certify that the Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router is shielded against the generation of radio
interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by
the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).

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Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg
243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte
(z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der
Betriebsanleitung.
Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt
gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer
It is hereby certified that the Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router has been suppressed in accordance with
the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for
example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please
refer to the notes in the operating instructions.
Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market
and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement
This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area
thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing
Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.
When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference.
Read instructions for correct handling.
Customer Support
Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router.
World Wide Web
NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL)
http://www.netgear.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer
or Netscape are required.

Contents v
Contents
About This Guide
Technical Support ............................................................................................................ xv
Related Publications ........................................................................................................ xv
Typographical Conventions .............................................................................................xvi
Special Message Formats ...............................................................................................xvi
Chapter 1
Introduction
About the Router ............................................................................................................1-1
Key Features ..................................................................................................................1-2
802.11a Standards-based Wireless Networking ......................................................1-3
Content Filtering .......................................................................................................1-4
Security ....................................................................................................................1-4
Autosensing 10/100 Ethernet ...................................................................................1-5
TCP/IP ......................................................................................................................1-5
Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................1-5
Maintenance and Support ........................................................................................1-6
Chapter 2
Setting Up the Hardware
Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-1
The Router’s Front Panel .........................................................................................2-2
The Router’s Rear Panel .........................................................................................2-3
Placement of the Router to Optimize Wireless Connectivity ..........................................2-3
Local Area Network (LAN) Hardware Requirements ......................................................2-4
PC Requirements .....................................................................................................2-4
DSL or Cable Modem Requirements .......................................................................2-4
Connecting the Router ....................................................................................................2-4
Connecting to Your DSL or Cable Modem ...............................................................2-5
Connecting to Your Ethernet LAN ............................................................................2-5
Preparing Wireless Connections ..............................................................................2-5

vi Contents
Connecting the Power Adapter ................................................................................2-6
Verifying Connections .....................................................................................................2-6
Chapter 3
Preparing Your Network
Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ........................................................3-1
Configuring Windows 95, 98, and ME for TCP/IP Networking .................................3-2
Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components ..................................3-2
Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings ............................3-4
Selecting Windows’ Internet Access Method .....................................................3-4
Verifying TCP/IP Properties ...............................................................................3-5
Configuring Windows NT, 2000 or XP for IP Networking .........................................3-5
Install or Verify Windows Networking Components ...........................................3-5
Verifying TCP/IP Properties ...............................................................................3-6
Configuring A Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ............................................................3-6
Configuring MacOS 8.6 or 9.x for TCP/IP Networking .............................................3-6
Configuring MacOS X for TCP/IP Networking ..........................................................3-7
Verifying Macintosh TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................3-7
Verifying the Readiness of Your DSL or Cable Modem Internet Account .......................3-9
Are Login Protocols Used? ......................................................................................3-9
What is Your Configuration Information? .................................................................3-9
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers ..................3-10
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers ................3-11
Restarting the Network .................................................................................................3-11
Ready for Configuration ................................................................................................3-12
Chapter 4
Basic Configuration of the Router
Accessing the Web Configuration Manager ...................................................................4-1
Configuration using the Setup Wizard ............................................................................4-4
Configuring Dynamic IP Accounts ............................................................................4-5
Configuring for Fixed IP Accounts ............................................................................4-6
Configuring Login Accounts .....................................................................................4-7
Manual Configuration .....................................................................................................4-8
Completing the Configuration .........................................................................................4-9

Contents vii
Chapter 5
Wireless
Considerations For A Wireless Network .........................................................................5-1
Security ....................................................................................................................5-2
Placement and Range ..............................................................................................5-2
Wireless LAN Setup .......................................................................................................5-3
Firmware Upgrade ..........................................................................................................5-4
Security ...........................................................................................................................5-5
Authentication Type ...........................................................................................5-5
WEP and Encrypion Keys .................................................................................5-6
Access Control ...............................................................................................................5-7
Station List ......................................................................................................................5-8
Chapter 6
Content Filtering
Configuring for Content Filtering .....................................................................................6-1
E-Mail .......................................................................................................................6-2
Block Sites ...............................................................................................................6-4
Schedule ..................................................................................................................6-5
Logs .........................................................................................................................6-6
Chapter 7
Maintenance
System Status .................................................................................................................7-1
Attached Devices ............................................................................................................7-4
Router Software Upgrade ...............................................................................................7-4
Configuration File Settings Management .......................................................................7-5
Restore and Backup the Configuration ....................................................................7-6
Erase the Configuration ...........................................................................................7-6
Changing the Configuration Password ...........................................................................7-7
Chapter 8
Advanced Configuration of the Router
Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers ..........................................................8-2
Add a Custom Service .......................................................................................8-3
Edit or Delete a Port Forwarding Entry ..............................................................8-3
Local Web and FTP Server Example ................................................................8-3
Tip: Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III ....................................8-4
Security ...........................................................................................................................8-4

viii Contents
DMZ Server .......................................................................................................8-4
Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port .............................................................8-5
Dynamic DNS .................................................................................................................8-6
LAN IP Setup ..................................................................................................................8-7
DHCP .......................................................................................................................8-7
Use router as DHCP server ...............................................................................8-8
Static Routes ..................................................................................................................8-9
Static Route Example .............................................................................................8-10
Packet Filtering .............................................................................................................8-12
Reserved IP adresses ..................................................................................................8-13
Remote Management ...................................................................................................8-15
Chapter 9
Troubleshooting
Basic Functioning ...........................................................................................................9-1
Power LED Not On ...................................................................................................9-2
Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On .....................................................9-2
LAN or Internet Port LEDs Not On ...........................................................................9-3
Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................9-3
Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................9-4
Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................9-5
Testing the LAN Path to Your Firewall ......................................................................9-6
Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ................................................9-6
Using the Default Reset Button to Restore the Factory Configuration and Password ...9-7
Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................9-8
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
Appendix B
Network and Routing Basics
Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1
What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-1
Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2
IP Addresses and the Internet ................................................................................. B-2
Netmask .................................................................................................................. B-4
Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-5
Private IP Addresses ............................................................................................... B-7

Contents ix
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-8
MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9
Domain Name Server .............................................................................................. B-9
IP Configuration by DHCP .................................................................................... B-10
Wireless Networking .................................................................................................... B-10
Wireless Network Configuration ............................................................................ B-10
Ad-hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup) .........................................................B-11
Infrastructure Mode .........................................................................................B-11
Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) .........................................................B-11
Authentication and WEP Encryption ..................................................................... B-12
Wireless Channel Selection .................................................................................. B-13
Ethernet Cabling .......................................................................................................... B-15
Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-16
Cable Quality ......................................................................................................... B-16
Glossary
Index

xContents

xi
Figure 2-1. HR314 Front Panel ..................................................................................2-2
Figure 2-2. HR314 Rear Panel ...................................................................................2-3
Figure 4-1. Login window ...........................................................................................4-2
Figure 4-2. Browser-based configuration main menu ................................................4-3
Figure 4-3. Setup Wizard menu for Dynamic IP address ...........................................4-5
Figure 4-4. Setup Wizard menu for Fixed IP address ................................................4-6
Figure 4-5. Setup Wizard menu for PPPoE login accounts ........................................4-7
Figure 5-1. Wireless LAN Setup menu .......................................................................5-3
Figure 5-2. Access Point Firmware Upgrade menu ...................................................5-4
Figure 5-3. Access Point Security menu ....................................................................5-5
Figure 5-4. Access Control menu ...............................................................................5-7
Figure 5-5. Station List window ..................................................................................5-8
Figure 7-1. System Status screen ..............................................................................7-1
Figure 7-2. Router Statistics screen ...........................................................................7-3
Figure 7-3. Attached Devices menu ...........................................................................7-4
Figure 7-4. Router Upgrade menu .............................................................................7-5
Figure 7-5. Backup Settings menu .............................................................................7-6
Figure 7-6. Set Password menu .................................................................................7-7
Figure 8-1. Port Forwarding Menu. ............................................................................8-2
Figure 8-2. Security menu. .........................................................................................8-5
Figure 8-3. LAN IP Setup Menu .................................................................................8-7
Figure 8-4. Static Routes Summary Table ..................................................................8-9
Figure 8-5. Static Route Entry and Edit Menu ..........................................................8-10
Figure 8-6. Packet Filtering (IP Rule) menu .............................................................8-12
Figure 8-7. Packet Filtering (Port Rule) menu ..........................................................8-13
Figure 8-8. Reserve IP menu ...................................................................................8-14
Figure 8-9. Remote Management menu ..................................................................8-15
Figure B-1. Three Main Address Classes .................................................................. B-3
Figure B-2. Example of Subnetting a Class B Address ............................................. B-5
Figure B-3. Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................ B-8

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xiii
Table 2-1. LED Descriptions .....................................................................................2-2
Table 6-1. Log entry descriptions ..............................................................................6-6
Table 6-2. Log action buttons ....................................................................................6-7
Table 7-1. Menu 3.2 - System Status Fields .............................................................7-2
Table 7-2. Router Statistics Fields ...........................................................................7-3
Table B-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet ................................. B-6
Table B-2. Netmask Formats .................................................................................... B-6
Table B-3. WEP Key Sizes and Content ................................................................ B-12
Table B-4. 802.11a Wireless Channels .................................................................. B-13
Table B-5. UTP Ethernet cable wiring, straight-through ......................................... B-15

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About This Guide xv
About This Guide
Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR™Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless
Router.
The HR314 connects your entire network of wired and 802.11a wireless PCs to to share an Internet
connection through a cable modem or DSL modem that otherwise is used by a single PC. The
HR314 communicates at up to 54 Mbps. The HR314 is equipped with auto-sensing capability
which automatically lowers the speed to6Mbps for wireless communications across longer
distances or for operating in an environment where there is electronic interference. .
Technical Support
For help with any technical issues, contact Customer Support at 1-888-NETGEAR, or visit us on
the Web at www.NETGEAR.com. The NETGEAR Web site includes an extensive knowledge
base, answers to frequently asked questions, and a means for submitting technical questions
online.
Related Publications
As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further
information. An RFC is a Request For Comment published by the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet. RFC
documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at
many other sites worldwide.
Note: If you are unfamiliar with networking androuting, refer to Appendix B, “Network
and Routing Basics,” to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this
manual.

Reference Manual for the Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router
xvi About This Guide
Typographical Conventions
This guide uses the following typographical conventions:
italics Book titles and UNIX file, command, and directory names.
courier font Screen text, user-typed command-line entries.
Initial Caps Menu titles and window and button names.
[Enter] Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets. The notation
[Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.
[Ctrl]+C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text
linked with a plus (+) sign.
ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names.
Special Message Formats
This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Caution: This format is used to highlight information that will help you prevent equip-
ment failure or loss of data.
Warning: This format is used to highlight information about the possibility of injury or
equipment damage.
Danger: This format is used to alert you that there is the potential for incurring an elec-
trical shock if you mishandle the equipment.

Introduction 1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless
Router.
About the Router
The HR314 connects your entire network of wired and 802.11a wireless PCs to to share an Internet
connection through a cable modem or DSL modem that otherwise is used by a single PC. The
HR314 communicates at up to 54 Mbps. The HR314 is equipped with auto-sensing capability
which automatically lowers the speed to6Mbps for wireless communications across longer
distances or for operating in an environment where there is a lot of electronic interference.
With minimum setup, you can install and use the router within minutes.
The HR314 lets you quickly network computers without laying any new cabling, and gives users
the freedom to roam throughout the workplace while staying connected to corporate resources. It
provides built-in capacity and flexibility for growing networks so it’s easy to add new clients or
move your entire network to a new office site. Equipped with auto-sensing capability, it allows
packet transfer at up to 54 Mbps for maximum throughput, or speed reduction to the lower 6 Mbps
speed for distance or for operating in a noisy environment.
The HR314 provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity
reporting and instant alerts -- both via e-mail. You can establish restricted access policies based on
time-of-day, Website addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet
access for up to 253 personal computers. Network Address Translation (NAT) protects you from
hackers.

Reference Manual for the Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router
1-2 Introduction
Key Features
The HR314 provides the following features:
• 802.11a Standards-based wireless networking
– Blazing fast speeds – up to 54 Mbps, 72 Mbps in turbo mode
– Free from interference, it coexists with IEEE 802.11b and Bluetooth™ devices
– Built-in access point
– Built-in dual antenna assembly to support antenna diversity on both transmit and
receive
– Highest level of data encryption using 152-bit Shared Key data encryption method.
Lower level of data encryption or no data encryption is available to simplify your
network setup or to improve data transfer rate.
– WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase
– Ability to restrict wireless access by adapter MAC address
• Easy, web-based setup for installation and management
– Smart Wizard automatically senses Internet connection type
•Security
– Allows control of web browsing access using Web Address (URL) keyword blocking
– Auditing and e-mail reporting of web browsing activities
– Blocking can be scheduled by day and time
– Network Address Translation (NAT) hides local PCs from the Internet
– Incoming port forwarding and DMZ for specific services
• Built in 4-port 10/100 Mbps Switch
– Allows LAN connections at 10 megabits per second (Mbps) or 100 Mbps
– Autosensing for Ethernet (10BASE-T) or Fast Ethernet (100BASE-Tx) transmissions
– Half-duplex or full-duplex operation
• Ethernet connection to a wide area network (WAN) device, such as a cable modem or DSL
modem
– Allows Ethernet connection at 10 megabits per second (Mbps)

Reference Manual for the Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router
Introduction 1-3
• Protocol Support
–IProuting
– Network Address Translation (NAT) for operation with a single static or dynamic IP
address
– Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server for dynamically assigning
network configuration information to PCs on the LAN
– DHCP client for dynamically obtaining configuration information from the Internet
Service Provider (ISP)
– DNS Proxy for simplified configuration
– PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) support
• Login capability
Automatically executes user login for:
– PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) accounts
– PPTP service (for European service providers)
– BigPond service (for Telstra Australia)
• Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity
• Flash memory for firmware upgrade
802.11a Standards-based Wireless Networking
The HR314 includes an 802.11a-compliant wireless access point, providing continuous,
high-speed access between your wireless and Ethernet devices at up to 54 Mbps for maximum
throughput, or speed reduction to the lower 6 Mbps speed for distance or for operating in a noisy
environmen. The access point provides:
• 802.11a Standards-based wireless networking at up to 54 Mbps, 72 Mbps in turbo mode
• Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption (64-bit/128-bit/152-bit) accomplished on
the fly
• WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase
• Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address
• Distributed coordinated function (CSMA/CA, Back off procedure, ACK procedure,
retransmission of unacknowledged frames)
• RTS/CTS handshake

Reference Manual for the Model HR314 802.11a Hi-Speed Wireless Router
1-4 Introduction
• Duplicate detection and Recovery
• Beacon generation
• Fragmentation and reassembly
• Roaming among access points on the same subnet
Content Filtering
With its content filtering features, the HR314 prevents objectionable content from reaching your
PCs. Its content filtering features include:
• Content filtering by domain or keyword
The HR314 uses content filtering to enforce your network’s Internet access policies. The
router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within
Website names.
• Logging of inappropriate use
You can configure the HR314 to log access to Web sites and to e-mail the log to you. You can
also configure the router to send an immediate alert e-mail message to you whenever a local
user attempts to access a blocked Web site.
Security
The HR314 is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this
section.
• PCs Hidden by NAT
Network address translation (NAT) opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests
originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded,
preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.
• Port Forwarding with NAT
Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN, the
router allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number
of the incoming request, or to one designated “DMZ” host computer. You can specify
forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.
• Encryption of the Wireless Link
For security against eavesdropping of the wireless signal, the router supports Wired
Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption with Shared Key authentication. You can also
restrict access to the wireless network by MAC address.