Nokia RoofTop R240 User manual

WRTS38591.01, version 1.0
April, 2001
Nokia RoofTop™Wireless Router
(R240/ R240A) Hardware
Installation Guide

COPYRIGHT
© 2000 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved.
Rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in
Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.
IMPORTANT NOTE TO USERS
This device has been certified as an intentional radiator (transmitter) which requires that it is installed and/or moved by
a trained professional.
TRADEMARKS
Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Nokia RoofTop™ is a registered trademark of Nokia Networks.
Other products mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
COMPLIANCE STATEMENTS
This hardware complies with the standards listed in this section.
Compliance in the United States
Emission Standards
UNINTENTIONAL EMISSIONS: FCC Part 15 CLASS B
INTENTIONAL EMISSIONS: FCC Part 15, Section 15.247
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC
rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruc-
tions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur
in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be deter-
mined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try and correct the interference by one or more of the fol-
lowing measures:
—Reorient or locate the receiving antenna.
—Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
—Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
—Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Any modifications made to the unit, unless expressly approved by Nokia could void the user’s authority to operate the equip-
ment.

FCC Rules and Regulations - Part 68
This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules. The FCC Part 68 Label is located on the rear panel of the Network/
Power Unit. This label contains, among other information, the FCC Registration Number and Ringer Equivalency Number (REN)
for this equipment. You must, upon request, provide this information to your telephone company. The REN is useful to determine
the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone line and still have all thosedevices ring when your telephone number
is called. In most but not all areas, the sum of the RENs of all devices connected to one line should not exceed five (5.0). To be
certain of the number of devices you may connect to your line, as determined by the REN, you should contact your local tele-
phone company to determine the maximum REN for your calling area.
Connection to the telephone network should be made by using standard modular telephone jacks, type RJ11. The plug and/or
jacks used must comply with FCC Part 68 rules. If your telephone equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the
telephone company may discontinue your service temporarily. If possible, they will notify you in advance, but if advance notice is
not practical, you will be notified as soon as possible.You will be informed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC.
Your telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations or procedures that could affect the proper
functioning of your equipment, If they do, you will be notified' in advance to give you an opportunity to maintain uninterrupted
telephone service.
This equipment may not be used on coin service provided by the telephone company. Connection to party lines is subject to
tariffs.
If trouble is experienced with this unit, for repair or warranty information, please contact customer service at the address and
phone listed below. If the equipment is causing harm to the network, the telephone company may request that you disconnect
the equipment until the problem is resolved.
DO NOT DISASSEMBLE THIS EQUIPMENT. It does not contain any user serviceable components.
Compliance in Canada
Canadian compliance (Industry Canada) When tested with at least one intended host: This digital apparatus does not exceed
the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the interference-causing equipment entitled "Digital
Apparatus", ICES-003 of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Cet appareil numérique respecte les limites bruits radioélectriques applicables aux appareils numériques de Class B prescrites
dans la norme sur le matériel brouilleur: "Appareils Numériques", NMB-003 édictée par le Ministre Canadien des Communica-
tions.
Notice: The Industry Canada (IC) label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets tele-
communications network protective, operational and safety requirements as prescribed in the appropriateTerminal Equipment
Technical document(s). The department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user's satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecom-
munications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection. The customer should
be aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.
Repairs to certified equipment should be coordinated by a representative designated by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations

made by a user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telephone communications company cause to
request the user to disconnect the equipment.
The installershould ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility, telephone lines and internal metallic water
pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.
Caution: Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electric inspection
authority, or electrician, as appropriate.
Notice: The Ringer Equivalent Number (REN) assigned to each terminal device provides an indication of the maximum number
of terminals allowed to be connected to a telephone interface. The termination on an interface mayconsist of any combination of
devices subject only to the requirement that the sum of the Ringer Equivalence Numbers of all the devices does not exeed 5.
REN: See the equipment for REN information.

DISCLAIMER:
TO THE INSTALLER: THE INSTRUCTIONS PROVIDED IN THIS GUIDE ARE PROVIDED “ASIS” WITHOUTWARRANTY OF
ANY KIND EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. NOKIA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS ORWARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR APARTICU-
LAR PURPOSE OR INFRINGEMENT, INCLUDING ANY THIRDPARTYPATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS OR
OTHER RIGHTS. THERE IS NOWARRANTY BY NOKIA THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE GUIDE WILL
MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS. THERE IS NOWARRANTY BY NOKIA THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS AND STATEMENTS
CONTAINED IN THE GUIDE OR ITS CONTENT ARE TRUE, ACCURATE OR COMPLETE.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL NOKIA,
ITS EMPLOYEES OR AFFILIATES BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST PROFITS, REVENUE, SALES, DATA, OR COSTS OF PRO-
CUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES, PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY, INTERRUPTION OF
BUSINESS, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION OR FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, ECONOMIC,
COVER, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES HOWEVER CAUSED, AND WHETHER ARISING UNDER
CONTRACT, TORT, NEGLIGENCE, OR OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY ARISING OUTOF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO
USE THE GUIDE, EVEN IF NOKIA OR AFFILIATES ARE ADVISED OFTHE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

Contents
CHAPTER 1 About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.1 Components of the Wireless Router. . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1.2 Overview of the installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
CHAPTER 2 Safety issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.1 Hazard warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
CHAPTER 3 Site survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Determining the RF links to other sites. . . . . . . .8
3.3 Surveying potential sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3.1 Line of sight analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.4 Selecting the antenna type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.4.1 Omnidirectional antennas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.4.2 Directional antennas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
CHAPTER 4 Planning the installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.2 Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2.1 Gathering the tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2.2 Finding a location for the router. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2.3 Finding a location for the NPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2.4 Planning the cable routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2.5 Finding a location for the grounding . . . . . . . . . 15
CHAPTER 5 Installing the outdoor components . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.1.1 Components to be installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Contents
5.2 Installing the wireless router with an integral
antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.3 Installing the directional antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.4 Grounding the router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
CHAPTER 6 Installing the indoor components . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6.1.1 The Network/ Power Unit (NPU). . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6.2 Connecting the multiwire cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6.3 Identifying LED status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.4 Connecting to the computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
6.4.1 Direct personal computer connection. . . . . . . . . 44
6.4.2 Phoneline networking connection . . . . . . . . . . . 45
6.4.3 Network connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
CHAPTER 7 Configuring the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
7.1.1 Configuring the personal computer . . . . . . . . . . 51
CHAPTER 8 Post installation testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
8.1.1 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
APPENDIX A Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
APPENDIX B Technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
APPENDIX C Regulatory safety requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Contents
APPENDIX D Tool requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
APPENDIX E D-connector specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 1
CHAPTER 1 About this document
1.1 Introduction
This document explains the procedures necessary to install the Nokia
Rooftop Wireless Router. It also covers important information about the
router, from selecting its installation site to connecting it to the computer.
This chapter gives you an overview of the installation process.

2 Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide
1.1.1 Components of the Wireless Router
The Nokia Rooftop Wireless Router consists of the following
components:
•a router with integral antenna
•router mounting hardware
•a Network/Power Unit (NPU)
•a multiwire cable which is necessary for connection between the
router and the NPU. The cable is not included in the package because
its length must be specified. Nokia provides numerous lengths of
cable.
1.1.2 Overview of the installation
The following flowchart shows an overview of the tasks you will
complete during installation. Follow the chart sequence and the
instructions provided in the chapters to complete the installation.
NOTE: The Nokia RoofTop Wireless Router has to be preconfigured by
an Internet Service Provider prior to installation. If the router has not been
preconfigured, it will not work properly.

Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 3
Introduction
P l a n n i n g
- s i t e s e l e c t i o n
- r o u t e r l o c a t i o n
- c a b l i n g
- r o u t e r p r e p a r a t i o n
- r o u t e r a t t a c h m e n t
- c a b l e r o u t i n g
I n s t a l l i n g o u t d o o r
c o m p o n e n t s
- N P U c o n n e c t i o n
- c o m p u t e r c o n n e c t i o n
I n s t a l l i n g i n d o o r
c o m p o n e n t s
- I P a d d r e s s a s s i g n m e n t
C o n f i g u r i n g
p e r s o n a l c o m p u t e r
T e s t i n g
- L E D c h e c k
- I n t e r n e t a c c e s s c h e c k

4 Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide

Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 5
CHAPTER 2 Safety issues
2.1 Introduction
When installing the Nokia Wireless Router, it is important that the unit is
not installed where it could be damaged by the environment or pose a
hazard to the user. Be aware of the safety regulations described in this
chapter.
This chapter lists safety considerations you should understand before you
move on to installation.

6 Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide
2.1.1 Hazard warnings
•Environment- The Network/Power Unit (NPU) is an electrical
device. Place it away from all heat sources such as radiators, heat
registers, stoves, amplifiers and other heat producing appliances. It
should also be kept out of cold, dusty, wet, or high humidity areas.
• Fire or electric shock - Keep the NPU away from moisture or water-
related environments such as sinks, bathtubs, laundry areas, spas,
swimming pools, or wet basements. Take care not to spill any liquid
on the unit.
• Installation - Outdoor antennas and their supporting masts, wires,
and cables are electrical conductors. Use extreme caution when
installing antennas in areas with overhead power lines. Contact with
high-voltage electrical wires can cause serious injury or death.
• Medical devices - If you have a pacemaker do not go close to the
router on the roof. If you have any discomfort, switch off the router
immediately.
• Lightning - Routers are elevated metal objects and they attract
lightning and are subject to voltage surges and built-up static charges.
Make sure the router and antenna are attached to a grounding wire to
to provide a safe path to the ground.
•Interference- The router can cause electrical interference. Do not
install the router near medical equipment or in a hospital or medical
environment without first ensuring that there will be no interference
with such equipment.
• Co-located antennas - Up to six sector antennas or three omni-
directional antennas may be co-located provided that they are
permanently mounted on a rooftop or antenna tower where access to
the general public is restricted. In order to comply with FCC RF
safety regulations, antennas shall be placed at least 1 meter (3 feet)
apart. The warning sticker provided with the equipment has to be
attached on the co-located devices.
• RF Exposure - The system shall be permanently mounted on a
rooftop or antenna tower.To comply with FCC RF safety
requirements , always disconnect power from the wireless router
whenever working within 20cm of the antenna. When the RF adapter
is used, only Nokia approved antennas may be used.

Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 7
CHAPTER 3 Site survey
3.1 Introduction
The goals of a site survey are to determine the feasibility of RF links at
each site and to determine the antenna and cable requirements. While a
survey is performed by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) prior to
installation, it is helpful to understand how a site and antenna are selected.
This chapter discusses issues that are considered while choosing a site and
type of antenna.

8 Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide
3.2 Determining the RF links to other sites
The feasibility of an RF link can be estimated based on:
•Distances between potential sites
•Line of sight for RF paths
•Antenna RF gains
•Cable and connector losses
If the site has good links to other sites, it can be used as a forwarding
system for other wireless routers in the network. If the router can link to
one other router, it will be able to access the internet, but it will be unable
to forward signals to other wireless routers. If it can link to more than one
router, it can share many more signals in many directions. Nokia
recommends that each router has three hops or less to the AirHead.
Determine the RF path between the antenna at the site and the antennas at
other, adjacent sites. For a directional link with a single antenna, there is
only one RF path. For an omnidirectional antenna, determineall RF
paths. The RF path can be determined by knowing the relative bearing
from the current site to adjacent sites.

Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 9
Surveying potential sites
3.3 Surveying potential sites
Wherever possible, find a site that is unobstructed for some distance. This
ensures maximum connectivity and allows the system to forward
“packets” of information for existing and future needs.
3.3.1 Line of sight analysis
In order for the Nokia Wireless Router network to operate correctly, there
must be line of sight paths for each link.
Determine that there is a visual line of sight and a radio line of sight
between the router to be installed and its neighboring routers.
It is recommended that each router has a line of sight to at least 2other
routers to enable several options to route internet traffic to the AirHead.
Visual line of sight
Visual line of sight exists when an imaginary straight line can be drawn
between two antennas without passing through any physical obstructions.
Verifying visual line of sight is the first step in planning the Nokia
Wireless Router System installation. Observation points must be high
enough to allow the viewer to see over ground based obstructions.
Radio line of sight
A radio wave is not like a laser with a narrow, pointed beam. RF waves
fan out from a single source and are diffracted or absorbed by objects that
are near the visual line of sight. This area is called the Fresnel Zone. Clear
radio line of sight exists when there are no physical obstructions in the
Fresnel Zone. It is therefore essential that there is a clear radio path by
raising the antenna as high as possible and away from objects near the
radio path.

10 Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide
NOTE: An example of the Fresnel Zone dimensions is, for a one quarter
mile link, the Fresnel Zone is approximately 71/2feet above and below
the line of site. Therefore the height of the antenna must clear the Fresnel
Zone. For very short distances, wooden structures and non metallic
objects have little effect on the RF signal. For long distance paths, there
should be no obstacles close to the RF path.
To determine line of sight
1. Access the rooftop using a safe ladder, either tied or held by another
surveyor.
2. Scan the other rooftops in the location. Ensure line of sight ensuring
that other routers can be seen from the selected vantage point.
NOTE: The router being installed may be the first in the area. If this is the
case, ensure that the other rooftops in the area can be seen from the
selected vantage point.
3. If it is not possible to see other routers/rooftops, it may be necessary
to install the router on an adjoining tall structure, or to install a mast.

Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 11
Selecting the antenna type
3.4 Selecting the antenna type
The Nokia Rooftop Wireless Router is supplied with an omnidirectional
antenna. For very specific cases, however, it may be necessary to use a
directional antenna. The following explanations describe the two types of
antenna and the special circumstances in which the directional antenna
may be used.
3.4.1 Omnidirectional antennas
Omnidirectional antennas radiate their RF pattern spherically, providing
coverage in all directions. These are best suited for multipoint links and
are used at all forwarding sites.
Omnidirectional antennas are the preferred solution to most installations.
Omnidirectional Antenna - RF Radiation Pattern
3.4.2 Directional antennas
Directional antennas focus the RF beam in narrow patterns in one
direction and provide communication over greater distances than
omnidirectional antennas, but they are limited in the areas they cover.
Directional antennas are useful for long distance or point-to-point
contacts, but prevent future growth of the network, by preventing the
wireless router from repeating signals to other units. They should be used
only when an omnidirectional antenna will not work.
Top ViewSide View