ORANGE Pi 3B User manual

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Orange Pi 3B
User Manual

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Catalog
1. Basic features of Orange Pi 3B....................................................................................... 1
1.1. What is Orange Pi 3B .......................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi 3B .....................................................................................................1
1.3. Hardware Features of Orange Pi 3B ................................................................................... 2
1.4. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi 3B ....................................................................... 4
1.5. Interface details of Orange Pi 3B ........................................................................................ 5
2. Introduction to the use of the development board...........................................................7
2.1. Prepare the required accessories ....................................................................................... 7
2.2. Download the image of the development board and related materials..........................11
2.3. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Windows PC ................................. 13
2.3.1. How to use balenaEtcher to burn Linux image..................................... 13
2.3.2. How to use RKDevTool to burn Linux image to TF card.....................17
2.3.3. How to use Win32Diskimager to burn Linux image.............................25
2.4. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Ubuntu PC .................................... 27
2.5. How to burn Linux image to eMMC................................................................................. 31
2.5.1. Using RKDevTool to burn the Linux image into eMMC......................31
2.5.2. Use the dd command to burn the Linux image into eMMC..................40
2.6. How to write Linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD ........................................................... 42
2.6.1. Using RKDevTool to burn.....................................................................42
2.6.2. The method of using the dd command to burn......................................52
2.6.3. How to use balenaEtcher software to burn............................................57
2.7. How to burn Android image to TF card............................................................................ 72
2.7.1. Method of burning Android image to TF card through USB2.0 burning
port.......................................................................................................................72
2.7.2. How to use SDDiskTool to burn Android image to TF card.................79
2.8. How to burn Android image to eMMC.............................................................................82
2.8.1. Method of burning Android image into eMMC through USB2.0 burning

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port.......................................................................................................................82
2.8.2. How to burn Android11 image into eMMC via TF card.......................89
2.9. How to burn Android image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD....................................................... 94
2.10. Using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash ................................................................................100
2.11. Start the Orange Pi development board ...................................................................... 106
2.12. How to use the debugging serial port .......................................................................... 107
2.12.1. Connection instruction of debugging serial port............................... 107
2.12.2. How to use the debugging serial port on the Ubuntu platform......... 109
2.12.3. How to use the debugging serial port on Windows platform............ 112
2.13. Instructions for using the 5v pin in the 40pin interface of the development board to
supply power............................................................................................................................ 116
3. Instructions for use of Ubuntu/Debian Server and Xfce desktop system ....................117
3.1. Supported Linux image types and kernel versions .........................................................117
3.2. Linux System adaptation .................................................................................................117
3.3. The format of Linux commands in this manual ..............................................................118
3.4. Linux system login instructions .......................................................................................120
3.4.1. Linux system default login account and password..............................120
3.4.2. How to set automatic terminal login in Linux system.........................120
3.4.3. Instructions for automatic login of Linux desktop version system..... 121
3.4.4. The setting method of root user automatic login in Linux desktop
version system................................................................................................... 122
3.4.5. The method of disabling the desktop in the Linux desktop version
system................................................................................................................123
3.5. Onboard LED Light Test Instructions ...............................................................................123
3.6. Network connection test ................................................................................................ 124
3.6.1. Ethernet port test..................................................................................124
3.6.2. WIFI connection test........................................................................... 126
3.6.3. How to set a static IP address .............................................................. 134
3.6.4. Method to create WIFI hotspot through create_ap..............................142
.................................................................................................................................................. 149

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3.7. SSH remote login development board; .......................................................................... 149
3.7.1. SSH remote login development board under Ubuntu..........................149
3.7.2. SSH remote login development board under Windows...................... 150
3.8. The method of uploading files to the Linux system of the development board ............152
3.8.1. How to upload files to the development board Linux system in Ubuntu
PC...................................................................................................................... 152
3.8.2. The method of uploading files from Windows PC to the Linux system of
the development board...................................................................................... 156
3.9. HDMI test........................................................................................................................160
3.9.1. HDMI display test............................................................................... 160
3.9.2. HDMI to VGA display test..................................................................160
3.9.3. HDMI resolution setting method.........................................................162
3.10. How to use Bluetooth ...................................................................................................164
3.10.1. Test method of desktop image...........................................................164
3.11. USB interface test ......................................................................................................... 167
3.11.1. Connect the USB mouse or keyboard to test.....................................167
3.11.2. Connect the USB storage device test.................................................168
3.11.3. USB wireless network card test.........................................................168
3.11.4. USB Camera Test.............................................................................. 173
3.12. Audio Test..................................................................................................................... 175
3.12.1. Test audio methods in the desktop system.........................................175
3.12.2. How to play audio with commands...................................................177
3.12.3. Use the command to test the recording method................................ 178
3.13. Temperature Sensor ..................................................................................................... 179
3.14. 40 Pin interface pin explanation ...................................................................................179
3.15. How to install wiringOP ................................................................................................ 181
3.16. 40Pin interface GPIO, I2C, UART, SPI, and PWM test................................................... 183
3.16.1. 40pin GPIO port test..........................................................................183
3.16.2. 40pin GPIO port pull-down resistance setting method..................... 185
3.16.3. 40pin SPI Test....................................................................................186
3.16.4. 40pin I2C Test................................................................................... 189

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3.16.5. 40pin UART test................................................................................192
3.16.6. PWM test method..............................................................................196
3.17. How to install and use wiringOP-Python ......................................................................200
3.17.1. wiringOP-Python installation method............................................... 200
3.17.2. 40pin GPIO port test..........................................................................202
3.17.3. 40pin SPI test.....................................................................................204
3.17.4. 4.40pin I2C test................................................................................. 208
3.17.5. 40pin's UART test..............................................................................211
3.18. Hardware watch the door dog test...............................................................................214
3.19. Check the serial number of the RK3566 chip............................................................... 215
3.20. The method of downloading and installing the balenaEtcher version of arm64 .........215
3.21. The installation method of the Bt-Panel Linux panel ................................................... 217
3.22. Set the Chinese environment and install Chinese input method .................................221
3.22.1. Debian system installation method....................................................221
3.22.2. The installation method of Ubuntu 20.04 system..............................227
3.22.3. The installation method of ubuntu 22.04 system...............................232
3.23. How to remotely log in to the Linux system desktop method ..................................... 238
3.23.1. Use NoMachine remote login............................................................238
3.23.2. Use VNC remote login...................................................................... 242
3.24. Some programming language tests supported by Linux system ..................................244
3.24.1. Debian Bullseye system.................................................................... 244
3.24.2. Debian Bookworm system................................................................ 246
3.24.3. Ubuntu Focal system......................................................................... 247
3.24.4. Ubuntu Jammy system...................................................................... 249
3.25. QT installation method ................................................................................................. 251
3.26. ROS Installation Method ...............................................................................................259
3.26.1. How to install ROS 1 Noetic on Ubuntu 20.04.................................259
3.26.2. How to install ROS 2 Galactic on Ubuntu 20.04.............................. 263
3.26.3. How to install ROS 2 Humble on Ubuntu 22.04...............................266
3.27. How to install kernel header files ................................................................................. 268
3.28. Use of the Raspberry PI's 5-inch screen ....................................................................... 271

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3.28.1. Assembly method of Raspberry PI 5-inch screen............................. 271
3.28.2. Open the Raspberry PI 5-inch screen configuration method.............272
3.28.3. The method of server version image rotation display direction........275
3.28.4. Method of rotating display and touch direction of desktop version
image................................................................................................................. 275
3.29. How to use the eDP screen........................................................................................... 278
3.29.1. Assembly method of eDP screen.......................................................278
3.29.2. How to open the eDP screen configuration.......................................279
3.30. Instructions for using the switch logo.......................................................................... 283
3.31. How to use the ZFS file system ..................................................................................... 283
3.31.1. How to install ZFS.............................................................................283
3.31.2. Methods of creating ZFS pools......................................................... 285
3.31.3. Test the data deduplication function of ZFS......................................286
3.31.4. Test the data compression function of ZFS....................................... 287
3.32. How to shut down and restart the development board .............................................. 288
4. Linux SDK——orangepi-build instructions............................................................... 289
4.1. Compilation system requirements ................................................................................. 289
4.1.1. Compile with the Ubuntu22.04 system of the development board..... 290
4.1.2. Compile with x64 Ubuntu22.04 computer..........................................290
4.2. Get the source code of Linux sdk ................................................................................... 291
4.2.1. Download orangepi-build from github................................................291
4.2.2. Download the cross-compilation toolchain.........................................293
4.2.3. orangepi-build complete directory structure description.....................295
4.3. Compile u-boot ...............................................................................................................296
4.4. Compile the Linux kernel ................................................................................................ 300
4.5. Compile rootfs ................................................................................................................ 304
4.6. Compile Linux image .......................................................................................................308
5. Instructions for using the Orange Pi OS Arch system.................................................312
5.1. Orange Pi OS Arch system function adaptation............................................................. 312
5.2. Orange Pi OS Arch System User Guide Instructions....................................................... 313

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5.3. How to set DT overlays ................................................................................................... 319
5.4. Use of Raspberry Pi 5-inch screen................................................................................. 321
5.4.1. How to assemble the Raspberry Pi 5-inch screen............................... 321
5.4.2. How to open Raspberry Pi 5-inch screen configuration......................321
5.5. How to use the eDP screen ............................................................................................ 321
5.5.1. Assembly method of eDP screen.........................................................321
5.5.2. How to open eDP screen configuration...............................................322
5.6. How to install the software............................................................................................ 322
6. Android 11 operating system instructions................................................................... 323
6.1. Supported Android versions ........................................................................................... 323
6.2. Android Function Adaptation ......................................................................................... 323
6.3. WIFI connection test method ......................................................................................... 324
6.4. How to use Wi-Fi hotspot ...............................................................................................326
6.5. Bluetooth test method ................................................................................................... 329
6.6. How to use Raspberry Pi 5-inch screen .......................................................................... 332
6.7. How to use the eDP screen ............................................................................................ 333
6.8. 40pin interface GPIO, UART, SPI and PWM test ............................................................. 335
6.8.1. 40pin GPIO port test............................................................................335
6.8.2. 40pin UART test..................................................................................339
6.8.3. 40pin SPI test.......................................................................................341
6.8.4. 40pin PWM test...................................................................................344
6.9. How to use ADB.............................................................................................................347
6.9.1. The method of USB OTG mode switching.........................................347
6.9.2. Use the data cable to connect to adb debugging..................................351
6.9.3. Use network connection adb debugging..............................................352
7. How to compile Android11 source code..................................................................... 354
7.1. Download the source code of Android 11 ......................................................................354
7.2. Compile the source code of Android 11 .........................................................................355
8. Appendix......................................................................................................................357

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8.1. User Manual Update History..........................................................................................357
8.2. Image Update History.....................................................................................................357

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1. Basic features of Orange Pi 3B
1.1. What is Orange Pi 3B
Orange Pi 3B adopts Rockchip RK3566 quad-core 64-bit Cortex-A55 processor,
adopts 22nm process, the main frequency can reach up to 1.8GHz, integrates ARM
Mali-G52 GPU, embedded high-performance 2D image acceleration module, built-in 1
The AI accelerator NPU of Tops computing power can choose 2GB, 4GB or 8GB
memory, and has up to 4K display processing capability.
Orange Pi 3B brings out quite a lot of interfaces, including HDMI output, M.2
PCIe2.0x1, Gigabit Ethernet port, USB2.0, USB3.0 interface and 40pin expansion pin
header, etc. It can be widely used in high-end tablet, edge computing, artificial
intelligence, cloud computing, AR/VR, smart security, smart home and other fields,
covering various AIoT industries.
Orange Pi 3B supports Android11, Ubuntu22.04, Ubuntu20.04, Debian11, Debian12,
OpenHarmony 4.0 Beta1, Orange Pi OS (Arch), Orange Pi OS (OH) based on
OpenHarmony and other operating systems.
1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi 3B
We can use it to achieve:
A Linux desktop computer
A Linux web server
Android tablet
Android game console, etc.
Of course, there are more functions. Relying on a powerful ecosystem and a
variety of expansion accessories, Orange Pi can help users easily realize the delivery
from idea to prototype to mass production. It is a maker, dreamer, hobby The ideal
creative platform for readers.

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1.3. Hardware Features of Orange Pi 3B
Introduction to hardware features
Master chip
Rockchip RK3566
CPU
Quad-core 64-bit Cortex-A55 processor, 22nm advanced
technology, main frequency up to 1.8GHz
GPU
·ARM Mali G52 2EE graphics processor
·Support OpenGL ES 1.1/2.0/3.2, OpenCL 2.0, Vulkan 1.1
·Embedded high-performance 2D acceleration hardware
NPU
·Integrated RKNN NPU AI accelerator, 0.8Tops@INT8
performance
·Supports one-click conversion of
Caffe/TensorFlow/TFLite/ONNX/PyTorch/Keras/Darknet
architecture models
VPU
·4K@60fps H.265/H.264/VP9 video decoding
·1080P@100fps H.265 video encoding
·[email protected] video encoding
PMU
Rockchip RK809-5
Memory
2GB/4GB/8GB （LPDDR4/4x）
storage
·Support eMMC module: 16GB/32GB/64GB/128GB/256GB
·SPI Flash: 16MB/32MB
·M.2 M-KEY slot: SATA3 or PCIe2.0 NVME SSD
·TF card slot
Wi-Fi+Bluetooth
Wi-Fi 5+BT 5.0，BLE（20U5622）
ethernet
transceiver
10/100/1000Mbps Ethernet (onboard PHY chip: YT8531C)
show
·1x HDMI TX 2.0, maximum support 4K@60FPS
·1xMIPI DSI 2 Lane
·eDP1.3

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Camera
1xMIPI CSI 2 Lane camera interface
USB
·1xUSB 2.0 supports Device or HOST mode
·1xUSB 3.0 HOST
·2xUSB 2.0 HOST
Audio
3.5mm headphone jack audio input/output
Button
1x MaskROM key, 1xRESET key, 1 xPOWER key
FAN
2Pin 1.25mm 5V fan interface
RTC
2Pin 1.25mm backup battery interface
40Pin
40Pin function expansion interface, supports the following
interface types:
GPIO, UART, I2C, SPI, PWM
Power Supply
Type-C 5V3A
Supported OS
Android11, Ubuntu22.04, Ubuntu20.04, Debian11, Debian12,
OpenHarmony 4.0 Beta1, Orange Pi OS (Arch), Orange Pi OS
(OH) based on OpenHarmony and other operating systems.
Introduction of Appearance Specifications
PCB size
85mm x 56mm x 17mm
weight
49g
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1.4. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi 3B
Top view:
Bottom view:

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1.5. Interface details of Orange Pi 3B

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The diameter of the four positioning holes is 2.7mm, and the diameter of the
M.2 PICE device fixing hole is 2.9mm.

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2. Introduction to the use of the development board
2.1. Prepare the required accessories
1) TF card, class 10 or above high-speed SanDisk card with a minimum capacity of
16GB (recommended 32GB or above)
2) TF card reader, used to burn the image into the TF card
3) Display with HDMI interface
4) HDMI to HDMI cable, used to connect the development board to an HDMI monitor
or TV for display

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Note, if you want to connect a 4K monitor, please make sure that the HDMI
cable supports 4K video output.
5) Power adapter, Orange Pi 3B is recommended to use 5V/3A Type-C power supply for
power supply
6) The mouse and keyboard of the USB interface, as long as the mouse and keyboard of
the standard USB interface are acceptable, the mouse and keyboard can be used to control
the Orange Pi development board
7) USB camera

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8) PCIe NVMe SSDs. The development board supports M.2 2230 and M.2 2242 SSDs,
and M.2 2280 can also be supported, but it cannot be fixed with screws.
Because the PCIe seat of the development board is relatively low, and the TF
card slot next to the seat also has a part protruding. When buying an SSD, you need
to choose the one with a smooth back and no components as shown in the figure
below, so that it will not withstand the card when installed on the board. groove.
SSDs with components on the back that are not smooth may hold against the TF
card slot during installation and cause the other end to tilt up, so they cannot be
fixed with screws. For the SSD in the figure below, there is just a component
protrusion that supports the card slot.

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9) 5V cooling fan. As shown in the figure below, the development board has an interface
for connecting the cooling fan, and the interface specification is 2pin 1.25mm pitch
The fan on the development board can adjust the speed and switch through
PWM.
10) 100M or 1000M network cable, used to connect the development board to the
Internet
11) USB2.0 male-to-male data cable, used to burn images to eMMC, NVMe SSD and
other functions

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12) 3.3V USB to TTL module and DuPont line, when using serial port debugging
function, need USB to TTL module and DuPont line to connect the development board
and computer
13) A personal computer with Ubuntu and Windows operating systems installed
1
Ubuntu22.04 PC
Optional, used to compile Linux source code
2
Windows PC
For burning Android and Linux images
2.2. Download the image of the development board and
related materials
1) The website for downloading the English version of materials is:
http://www.orangepi.org/html/hardWare/computerAndMicrocontrollers/service-and
-support/Orange-Pi-3B.html

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2) The information mainly includes
a. Android source code: saved on Google Cloud Disk
b. Linux source code: saved on Github
c. User manual and schematic diagram: saved on Google Cloud Disk
d. Official tools: mainly include the software that needs to be used during the use
of the development board
e. Android image: saved on Google Cloud Disk