Prime IDR 4130 User manual

THE
PRIME USER'S
GUIDE
PRlME
Computer
IDR 4130

PRIME USER'S GUIDE
UR413eJ
Revision 13
This guide docunents the operation of the Prime Canputer and its
supporting systems and utilities as implemented at Master Disk Revision
Level 17 (Rev. 17).
PR1ME
PRl"'1E O:>mputer, Inc.
500 Old Connecticut Path
Fremirqhem, M:lssachusetts 01701

'KNOdLEDGEMENTS
~ wish to thank the members of the docunentation team and al.so the
non-team manbers, both customer and Prime, who contributed to and
reviewed this book.
Copyright © 1980 by
Prime Computer, Incorporated
500 Old Connecticut Path
Frami~ham, Massachusetts 01701
The information in this docunent is stbject to charqe without notice
am should not be construed as a comnibnent by Prime Computer
Corpnation. prime Computer oorporet.Ion assunes no resp:msibility for
any errors that may appear in this docunent.
'!he software descr ibed in this docunent is furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such
license •
PRlMEand PRIMOSare reg istered trademarks 0 f Prime Computer, rnc.
PRIMENETam THE PROGRAM'<1.ER'S C0'4PANIONare trademarks of
Computer, Inc. prime
First Printing January 1980
All cor respondence on suggested charqes to this docunent should be
directed to:
Alice Landy
Technical Publications ~partment
Prime Computer, Inc.
500 Old Connecticut Path
Frami~ham, M:1ssachusetts 01701
ii

CCNrENTS
CONTENTS
PARI'I - USI~ PRIMEDCClJ'o1ENrATICN
1 INTRODUCTICN
Wlat this Book Contains 1-1
lbw to Use This Book 1-3
lbw to Use the Rest of Prime's ]):)cunentation 1-3
Programmer's Companions 1-8
PARTII - WRITINGANDRlNNINGPROORAMS
2 BEFOREYOUGETSTARTED
Introduction 2-1
Introducing PRIMOS 2-1
Using the File Systan 2-3
System prompts 2-8
Conventions 2-9
Special Tenninal Keys 2-10
Special Characters 2-11
Setting Tenninal Characteristics 2-12
3 ACCESSINGPRIMCE
IntrodLCtion 3-1
Accessing the Systan 3-2
Directory operations 3-2
Systan Information 3-5
File Operations 3-8
Completing a W::lrkSession 3-10
4 CRFATINGSOURCEFILES
Entering and M:>difying progrcms - The alitor 4-1
Sample Editing Sessions 4-4
Editor CommandSummary 4-6
Listin:J Programs 4-11
Printing Several Files in (he (C<N:AT) 4-14
5 CCl'tPILINGPROGRAMS
Invoking the Compiler 5-1
Object Files 5-2
Listing Files 5-3
Cross Reference 5-3
Code Generation 5-3
Loading 5-4
Compil er ~ssaJ es 5-4
Canbining Languages in a program 5-5
iii January 1980

CONTENTS
Im413~
6 LQ\DINGPROORAMS
Introdoction 6-1
SEX:; 6-1
using SEGUnder PRIMOS 6-1
Nonna! 1.000ing 6-2
'!he R-Mode Loader 6-4
Usin:J the Loader Under IRIMa> 6-5
Normal, Loading 15-5
7 RUNNINGffiOGRAMSINTERACTIVELY
Introduction 7-1
EKecutin:J Segmented Rmfiles 7-1
EKecutin:J R~ode Memory Images 7-1
Run-Time Error Messages 7-3
8 CCMMANDFILES ANDFHANTCMS
CommandFile Operations 8-1
CommandFile Iequi renents 8-2
The COMINPUTCommand 8-2
The COMOurPl1l'Command 8-6
phantom Users 8-1~
9 BATCHJOB PROCESSING
Introdoction 9-1
Subnittin:J Batch Jobs 9-2
Controll irg Batch Jobs 9-4
Monito r irq Batch 9-6
PARTIII - Sys'rEMFACILITIES
1~ FlLE-woo)LING UTILITIES
Introduction 1~-1
Sorting Files (SORT) 10-1
File oomparIson (CMPF~ 10-7
Merging Text Files (MRGF) 1~-8
File Utility (FUTIL) 10-9
Fl1l'IL CommandSumnary 10-14
January 1980
iv

IDR4130
11 USIN3 TAPES AND CARDS
Accessin:J Data on Tapes ard cards 11-1
Readin:J Punched Paper Tape 11-3
Magnetic Tape Util ities 11-3
usin:J ASSIGN 11-7
Releasin:J a Tape Drive 11-9
Mag Tape Operations 11-10
The Magnet Utility 11-11
Duplicating Magnetic Tapes 11-13
12 USING PRIMENET
Introdoction 12-1
Remote Login 12-1
Attaching to Remote Directories 12-3
13 SUBROUTINE LIBRARIES
Applications Library 13-1
Sort and Search Libraries 13-9
Operating System Library 13-10
PART IV - ALTERING THE CCMMAND ENVIROOMENT
14 lEING RDY AND ABBREV
Chang ing the PRCNPI' Message 14-1
Creating and using Abbreviations (ABBREV) 14-2
15 USING THE COODITION MB:HANISM
Introdoction 15-1
Using the Cbndition Mechanism 15-2
The System ~fault On-Unit 15-2
Q1-Unit Actions 15-3
writing On-Units 15-3
Scope of cn-Units 15-4
A FORTRAN Example 15-5
A PL/I Example 15-6
APPENDICES
A GLOSSARY OF FlUME CON:EPTS AND CCNVENl'IONS
B SYSTEM DEFAULTS AND CCNSTANTS
v
COOTENTS
January 1980

CONTENTS Im413"
C ASCII C~RACTER SET
Prime Usage C-l
Keyboard Input C-1
ASCII Character Set (Non-Printing) C-2
ASCII Character Set (Printing) C-3
D ERROR MESSAGES
Introdoction D-1
SEG Loader Error Messages 0-2
Loader Error Messcges D-4
Run-Time Error Messages 0-7
Batch W3rnings am Messages D-24
January 1980 vi

Part I
Using Prime Documentation

IDR4130 INTRODUCTI ON
SECTIOO 1
INTRODUCTION
WHAT THIS BOOK CONTAINS
The Prime User's Guide is an introduction and overview to programming
in a high-level language on a Prime computer. It contains all the
information new users need to get started on a Prime system, and
provides a road map for new and experienced users alike that tells
what's available for Prime computers and where to locate information
about it.
This guide is divided into four parts,
Part I contains an introduction (Section 1) , which tells how to use
this book and provides an annotated guide to Prime's features and
docunentation.
"'\
Part II introduces users to PRIMOS (Prime's Operating System) and
carries them step by step through the acts of creating am running a
progrcm, as follows:
• Section 2 introduces Prime's operating system, PRIMOS, and its
file management system (FMS).
• Section 3 tells how to access the system: how to log in; how
to create, manipulate, list and delete files and directories;
am how to log out when you're done.
• Section 4 explains how to enter files (programs, text files, and
data files), using Prime's editor; and how to get files printed
on the line printer.
• Section 5 provides an introduction to cornpiLi.nq programs under
PRIMOS. Simple programs can be compiled from the information
given in this guide. For more complex programs, or programs for
which the programmer wishes to use the advanced features of
Prime's compilers, the programmer should consult the specific
language reference guide.
• Section 6 provides an introduction to linking and Loedi.nq
programs with Prime's two loaders, SEG and LOAD. The
infonnation in this section enables users to load simple
programs. The language guides provide information on
language-specific features; the LOAD and SEG Reference Guide
provides full information on advanced techniques.
• section 7 provides an introduction to executing programs
interactively. (Language-specific details on execution am
debugging are provided by your language guide.)
1 1
January 1980

SEcrION1 1004130
• Section 8 tells how to create command files for the
non-interactive running of proqr ans , how to execute comnand
files from the terminal, and row to execute command files as
phantoms (i .e., as independent processes not connected with your
terminal) •
• Section 9 provides full information on howto execute pr oqrams
using Prime's batch processing environment.
Part III, Systan Facilities, provides an introduction to the resources
available on your Prime systan.
• Section 10 tells how to use four ff Le-bandl i.rq utilities:
- SORT,which sorts and merges files
- CMPF,which compares files and notes disparities
- MRGF,which creates one updated file out of several disparate
files
- FUTIL, which moves, copies, lists, and deletes both files and
complete directories
• Section 11 explains howto handle magnetic tapes, punched cards,
and punched paper tapes on Prime.
• Section 12 explains PRIMENET,Prime's networking facility, and
tells howusers can take advantage of it.
• Section 13 provides a selected list of Important subroutines and
libraries available for use by high-level language programs.
Part IV provides a more advanced look at PRIMOS. In particular, it
duscusses several ways in which JOu can alter the commandenv i rorment;
on a terminal-by-terminal or program-by-program basis.
• Section 14 sbows row jOu can define your own abbreviations for
PRIMCEcommands (via the ABBREVcommand)and howyou can modify
the systan prompts with the ROYcomnard,
• Section 15 explains PRIMOS'scondition mechanism and shows how
users can write their ownon-units (error-handling subroutines) •
In addition to the body of the text, this guide provides the following
appemices:
• Aglossary of terms used in Prime docunentation
• A list of systan defaults and constants
REV."
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