Rane SP 15 Service manual

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II.
FRONT
PANEL
DESCRIPTION
.r?'r
\o,t
r'f'
,,(-s.
A
,\
-,/
,.1ti
1.POWER
SWITCH:
The
keyto life
inany
electronic
device,
this
switch
allows
powerto
flow
from
the
source
to
which
the
linecord
isconnected
into
the
primary
windin_gs
of
theSP
15's
powertransformer,
thereby
poweringall
of
the
vital
functions
and
lights
ofthe unit'
2.
powER tNDtCATOR:
When
this
yellowLED
islit,alloutput
muting
circuits
are
fully
on
and
the unit isreadY
to oPerate.
3.
StG
NAL
pRE
SE
NT
lNDICATO
R:
Th
is
greenLED
illu
minates
whenever
an
input
signal
greater
than
-20dBm
isapplied
to the inputs
of
the unit,
even
inthebypass
mode'
4.
OVERLOAD
INDICATOR:
This
red
LED
illuminates
whenever
the
signal
level
at
the
input
stage,
output
stage,
orany
of
the 5 equalizer
stages
comes
within
4dBof clipping'
5.MASTERLEVELCONTROL:Fullcounterclockwiserotationof
thiscontrolprovidesfullinput
attenuation,
fullclockwise
rotation
yields
12dB
of gainthrough
the unit.
Unity
gainwillbe
found
at
approximately
3:00,
(Central
Daylight
Time)'
6.OVERATL
BypAss
swlTCH:
Pressing
this
button
to
the
"in" position
provides
a
complete
,,hard-wire"
bypass
of
thesP
15,including
the
signal
ground.In
the
out
position,
the
input
to
theunit
willpass
through
all
of
theactive
electronics'
7.
OVERALL
BypASs
tNDtcAToR:
This
red
LED
will
illuminate
whenever
the
overall
bypass
switch
isin
thein Position.
B. BANDWIDTH
CONTROL
(Q): Full
counterclockwise
rotation
of this control
yieldsa
bandwidth
of 1/30octave
inthe respective
filter.
A 1.5octave
bandwidth
isrealized
at
full
clockwise
rotation.
(eulling
this
controlto
the
outposition
on bands
1 and
5will
switch
the
filters
to the shelf
mode.)
g. FItTER
TEVEL
coNTROL: The center
detent position
of this control
guarantees
flat
i"rponi" through
ih" r"rp".tive filter,
full clockwise
rotation
yields
a*12dB boost,
full
counterclockwise
rotation
netsa-1
5dBcut'
10.FREQUENCy
SWEEP
CONTROL:
Sets
the
center
frequency
of
the
filter
band
(Turnover
frequeni when
the
end
bands
are
inthe
shelf
mode).
Available
sweep
range
is
approximately
four
octaves.
11.FTLTE
R
BypAss
swtTCH:
Eachof
the
five
filter
bypass
switches
d
isable
the
respective
filter
bands
providing
instant
comparison
between
flat
response
and
equalized
response'
12.FItTER
BYPASS
LED:
llluminates
when
the
filterbypass
is
"on"'

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Erld

IV.FUNCTIONAT
DESCRIPTION
The
SP
15Studio
ParametricEqualizer/NotchFilterincorporatesallofthe
requiredfeatures
of
botha
parametric
equalizer
anda
notchfilter
set.
With
abandwidth
range
of
1/30
octave
to1 .5
octaveson eachof the five bands,this devicewill servethe needs of any conceivable
equalizationsituation
requiring
thisincredible
power.
The
switchable
shelving/peakingfeature
of Bands
1and 5oftheSP
15
areextremely
useful
duetothenatureofaudiosystem
rolloffs
andthe
unforgiving
problems
of
feedback
and
hum.
A typicalsystem
rolloff
correctionwill
require
theshelving
modesofthe switchablebands,
while
feedback
controland
humreductionrequirestheuseofthe
peaking
mode.ltshouldbe
notedthatBands2and4willalsoreachwellintotherangeof
Bandsland5sothattheshelving
mode
of
1
and
5may
be
used,
as
well
as
some
peaking
or
notchingin
the
samefrequencyarea
achievedbysettingthe
centerfrequencyofbands
2or
4 anddialing
intherequiredboostor
cut.
The
senseoftheSP
1
5'scontrolsisverystraightforward.
Rotatingthebandwidthcontrol
fully
counterclockwise
deliversthe
minimumfilterbandwidth,(1/30octave),while
fullclockwise
setsthe filterat1.5 octaves.
Thefilterlevelcontrolsarestandardclockwise
boost,counter-
clockwisecuttypecontrols.
Thefrequencysweep
control
provides
thesametypeofaction,
up
is
up anddown
isdown.
During
the EQset-up
process,
theindividualbandbypasses
may
be
usedfor
an
instantA/B
comparisonof the equalizationeffects.
Thisfeature
isindispensable
dueto the complex
nature
of parametric
equalization.
Withoutthis
capability,itis
all
too easyfortheoperatorto
become
lostinthe grey areabetween
centerfrequency,bandwidthand boost/cut.
Thered
LEDsassociated
withthesebypass
switchesserveasa
reminder
thattherespectiveband
is
on
holiday,
available
for recall
at anytime.
One of the mostbasicdesign
requirementsof anyequalizer,
whether
it be a graphic
or
parametric,
is the immunityfrom control
interaction.
Thisis accomplished
in all Rane
equalization
products
throughthe use of the State
Variable
Filter.The Rane
graphicshave
builta
wellrespected
reputation
based
onthe
fact
thatthebandwidthofthe
filtersections
is
notaffectedby
slider
position.
The
S
P
15
utilizes
theexactsamecircuit
configu
ration
toensu
re
thatthe"Q"
olthefilterswillnotbeaffectedinanywaybytheamountof
boostorcutselected
bythe Levelcontrols.
Theequalization
filtersin Rane
products
perform
their
filtrationtaskstotally
independently,
and
their
outputsare
simply
summed
viatheir
level
controls
toeithera
boostbusora
cutbus.
Thisisthemoststraightforward
and
easiestto understand
portion
ofthetheoretical
stuff.
The
mostdifficult
to understand
is
the
freedom
frominteraction
provided
bythe
filterwithregard
to center
frequencyand bandwidth
controls.
Most parametric
equalizers
provide
separate
adjustment
of frequencyandQ, butthe controls
mustbe setina certainorder
to maintain
accuracy.
TheSP
1
5incorporatescircuitry
whichallows
thesecontrols
to beset
in
any
fashion
and
still
provide
complete
independence,afeaturewhich
is
very
unique.
When
Bands
1 and/or 5
areoperating
in
theshelving
mode,rotating
thebandwidthcontrolwill
haveno effecton the filters. Bandwidthbecomesan undefined term in this mode,the
mathematicalequivalentbeingdividingby
zero.TheLevel
controlandthe
frequency
control
stilloperate
normally,
allowingthe
usertosettheturnover
f
requencyoftheshelf
and
thelevel
independently.

9
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4
J
J

VI.OPERATI
NG
INSTRUCTIONS
Once
the SP
15 hasbeen
properly
installed
in
your
system
inaccordance
withthe system
connection
instructions
found in the previous
section,
it is
then time to twistsome
knobs.
Powerup the system
inthe normal
fashion,always
turning
onthe power
amplifiers
last'
lt is
good
practice
tostart
atthe head
of
thesystem,
turningon
any
sound
sources
and
mixers
first,
equalization
devices
next,and
finally
power
amplifiers.
Following
this
power-up
sequence
minimizes
thechance
ofturn-on
transients
in
high
gain
stages
fromfindingtheirway
allthe
way
outtothe
loudspeakers.
(Of
coursethis
is
nevera
problemin
all
Rane
systems!)
lt
is
averywise
ideato start
with the master
levelcontrol
allthewaycounterclockwise
and
the 5 boost/cut
level
controls
ontheSP
15
setto their
center
detents.
Thiseliminates
the possibility
ofany
surprisesthatcanbeencounteredbyhavingl2dBof
boostcenteredatafeedbackfrequency
withthebandwidth
control
setto
minimum!
With
eithera
cannedor
livesource
applied
tothe
system,
advance
the masterlevelcontrol
onthe SP
15until normalsystem
gain
is
achieved.
Once
you reachthe point
whereeverything
appears
normal,
(minus,
ofcourse,
thedramatic
improvements
available
throughthe useof this equalizer),
you are ready to makesome
adjustments.
Theuseofa Rane
(or
similar)
realtimeanalyzer
makesthe
job ofequalization
easier,
and
we
willstartout
with
the
premise
that
you
haveoneavailable.
lf
you
don't
haveaccess
toone,
read
this
anyway
so
that
you canappreciate how much easier
your lifewould be ifyou did.
Set
upthe RTAand
microphoneas
instructed
bythe
operating
manual
for
the
device
inuse.
you
will
most
likelysee
a
gradual
steady
rolloffatthe
highendandthe
low
end
oftheanalyzer.
lf
this
isthe
case,
chancesare
good
that
thecause
is
the
naturalrolloffof
the
loudspeaker
along
with
thecontribution
of
theacoustics
of
thesurroundings.
Tocorrectthis
rolloff,
pulloutthe
bandwidth
control
on
Band
1
forthe
lowend
or
Band
5forthe
highend
toselect
theshelving
mode.
Thenset
thefrequency
sweep
control(s)
forroughly.5
to 1octave
into
the rolloffarea
and
gradually
apply
some
boost
viatheband's
levelcontrol.
lftheapplied
boost
raisesthe
leveiof
the signal
beyond
the corner
ofthe rolloff
point,
simply
movethefrequency
control
further
intothe
rolloffarea.
This
procedurewill
not
yield
a
perfectly
flat
response
in
mostcases.
Whenthat
isthecase,
theuseof a1/3
or
2/3octave
graphic,
or
possibly
theadjacent
bands
of
the parametricmaydo the trick.
As mentioned
in Section
V,graphics
and parametrics
are
complementary,
andare
oftenused
together.
When usingarealtimeanalyzer,
you
willusually
noticebroad
peaks
and
dips
in
the response
curve.
These
canberemovedeffectively
usingthe
SP
15
with itsbandwidth
controls
set
for
relatively
wide BWsand
proper
amounts
of boost
or cut
depending
on
the
direction
ofthe
measured
deviation.
lt isdifficult
to specify
precisely
the types
of correction
required
fora
givenindication
on the realtime,since
notwo situations
are
the same.
Asinexactas
it may
iound,experimentation
isusuallythe best
wayto become
familiar
withthe capabilities
ofa
product
of
this
sort.Study
thereadoutof
the analyzer
andCENTLY
makecorrections
basedon
whatyou seeon the display.
lt takes only
a short
time to get
the feelof it.
Equalizing
asystem
without
a realtimeanalyzer
requiresabit moretalent,and
itishardfora
technical
writer
to convey
all
ofthenuances
ofsuchatalent.
lt becomes
abit like
playing
the
piano
byear.
lt isnot
something
thatcan
betaught,
it
just
happens..
Whenequalizing.
byear,
ihe operator
somehow
knows
what hewants
to hearand makes
it happen
using
whatevet
means
isavailable.
TheSP
15 makes
it as easyas
possible
through
straightforward
control
layoutandsolid
engineering.
Rane
provides
the piano,
you provide
the music.
4
4
4

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1

CAIN:
OFF
TO
+1
2dB
MAXIMUM
INPUT
LEVEL:
*23dBu
INPUT
IMPEDANCE:
2,000Ohms
MAXIMUM
OUTPUT
LEVEL:
*28dBu into
600Ohms
OUTPUT
IMPEDANCE:
600Ohms
Balanced
FREQUENCY
RANCES:
BAND
1:2OHzTO
300H2
BAND
2:6OHz
TO
1,OOOHz
BAND
3:150H2
TO 2,5OOHz
BAND
5:
1,000H2
TO
20,000H2
SUBSONIC
FILTER:
FIXED
AT
15Hz;
-18dB/octave
ULTRASONIC
FILTER:
FIXED
AT
TOkHz;
-12dB/octave
D|MENSIoNS:
1.75,,H
x
19,,Wx5.25,,
RACK
DEPTH,
ALL
STEEL
CHAssls
WEICHT:
5lbs.
NET
0dBu
: 0.775Vrms
VII.
SCHEMATICS
9
1)
!
at