Red Hat LINUX 7.2 - OFFICIAL LINUX CUSTOMIZATION... User manual

Red Hat Linux 7.2
The Official Red Hat Linux Customization Guide

ISBN: N/A
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© 2001 Red Hat, Inc.
rhl-cg(EN)-7.2-Print-RHI (2001-08-30T14:29-0400)
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Printed in Canada, Ireland, and Japan
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This manual is dedicated to Carole Williams, a valuable contributor to the Red Hat documentation
team. Carole, we wish you all the best in your future endeavors. We miss your wisdom, superior
editing skills, ability to write humor into just about any topic, and jokes that made each day a joy to
work with you. Every time we eat a piece of chocolate we will think of you!
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Contents
Red Hat Linux 7.2
Introduction................................................................................... xi
Document Conventions.................................................................... xi
MoretoCome.............................................................................. xv
Sign Up for Support........................................................................ xv
Part I Installation-Related Reference....................................... 17
Chapter 1 Kickstart Installations............................................ 19
1.1 What are Kickstart Installations?................................................ 19
1.2 How Do You Perform a Kickstart Installation?................................. 19
1.3 Starting a Kickstart Installation.................................................. 21
1.4 The Kickstart File................................................................. 23
1.5 Kickstart Options ................................................................. 24
Chapter 2 Kickstart Configurator........................................... 47
2.1 Basic Configuration............................................................... 47
2.2 Boot Loader Options ............................................................. 49
2.3 Installation Method ............................................................... 50
2.4 Partition Information.............................................................. 52
2.5 Network Configuration ........................................................... 54
2.6 Authentication..................................................................... 55
2.7 Firewall Configuration............................................................ 56
2.8 X Configuration ................................................................... 56
2.9 Package Selection................................................................ 60
2.10 Pre-Installation Script ............................................................ 61
2.11 Post-Installation Script ........................................................... 62
2.12 Saving the File.................................................................... 64
Chapter 3 Rescue Mode .......................................................... 65
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3.1 What is Rescue Mode? .......................................................... 65
Chapter 4 Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) .71
4.1 What is RAID? .................................................................... 71
4.2 Who Should Use RAID? ......................................................... 71
4.3 Hardware RAID versus Software RAID ........................................ 71
4.4 RAID Levels and Linear Support................................................ 72
Chapter 5 Software RAID Configuration ............................... 75
Part II Network-Related References.......................................... 79
Chapter 6 Network Configuration .......................................... 81
6.1 Adding Network Hardware....................................................... 81
6.2 Adding a Device .................................................................. 83
6.3 Managing DNS Settings ......................................................... 85
Chapter 7 Basic Firewall Configuration ................................ 87
7.1 Basic............................................................................... 88
7.2 Local Hosts........................................................................ 89
7.3 DHCP.............................................................................. 89
7.4 Configuring Services............................................................. 90
7.5 Activating the Firewall............................................................ 91
Chapter 8 Controlling Access to Services............................ 93
8.1 Runlevels.......................................................................... 94
8.2 TCP Wrappers.................................................................... 94
8.3 Serviceconf........................................................................ 95
8.4 ntsysv.............................................................................. 97
8.5 chkconfig.......................................................................... 98
8.6 Additional Resources ............................................................ 99
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Chapter 9 OpenSSH................................................................. 101
9.1 Why Use OpenSSH?............................................................. 101
9.2 Configuring an OpenSSH Server............................................... 101
9.3 Configuring an OpenSSH Client ................................................ 102
9.4 Additional Resources ............................................................ 107
Chapter 10 Network File System (NFS) ................................... 109
10.1 Why Use NFS? ................................................................... 109
10.2 Mounting NFS Filesystems...................................................... 109
10.3 Exporting NFS Filesystems ..................................................... 111
10.4 Additional Resources ............................................................ 112
Chapter 11 Samba...................................................................... 115
11.1 Why Use Samba? ................................................................ 115
11.2 Configuring Samba............................................................... 115
11.3 Connecting to a Samba Share.................................................. 116
11.4 Using Samba with Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 2000..................... 117
11.5 Additional Resources ............................................................ 118
Chapter 12 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) .. 121
12.1 Why Use DHCP? ................................................................. 121
12.2 Configuring a DHCP Server..................................................... 121
12.3 Configuring a DHCP Client...................................................... 127
12.4 Additional Resources ............................................................ 128
Chapter 13 Kerberos.................................................................. 129
13.1 Configuring a Kerberos 5 Server................................................ 129
13.2 Configuring a Kerberos 5 Client................................................. 131
13.3 Additional Resources ............................................................ 132
Chapter 14 Apache Configuration............................................ 135
14.1 Basic Settings..................................................................... 136
14.2 Default Settings................................................................... 137
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14.3 Virtual Hosts Settings ............................................................ 145
14.4 Server Settings ................................................................... 150
14.5 Performance Tuning.............................................................. 152
14.6 Saving Your Settings ............................................................. 154
14.7 Additional Resources ............................................................ 155
Chapter 15 Apache Secure Server Configuration.................. 157
15.1 Introduction........................................................................ 157
15.2 An Overview of Security-Related Packages................................... 157
15.3 An Overview of Certificates and Security...................................... 160
15.4 Using Pre-Existing Keys and Certificates...................................... 161
15.5 Types of Certificates.............................................................. 162
15.6 Generating a Key ................................................................. 163
15.7 Generating a Certificate Request to Send to a CA ........................... 165
15.8 Creating a Self-Signed Certificate .............................................. 167
15.9 Testing Your Certificate .......................................................... 168
15.10 Accessing Your Secure Server.................................................. 169
15.11 Additional Resources ............................................................ 170
Chapter 16 BIND Configuration................................................ 173
16.1 Adding a Forward Master Zone ................................................. 174
16.2 Adding a Reverse Master Zone................................................. 176
16.3 Adding a Slave Zone............................................................. 178
Part III System Configuration ..................................................... 181
Chapter 17 Console Access...................................................... 183
17.1 Disabling Shutdown Via Ctrl-Alt-Del............................................ 183
17.2 Disabling Console Program Access ............................................ 184
17.3 Disabling All Console Access ................................................... 184
17.4 Defining the Console............................................................. 184
17.5 Making Files Accessible From the Console.................................... 185
17.6 Enabling Console Access for Other Applications ............................. 185
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17.7 The floppy Group ................................................................. 186
Chapter 18 Time and Date Configuration................................ 187
18.1 Time and Date Properties ....................................................... 187
18.2 Time Zone Configuration ........................................................ 189
Chapter 19 User and Group Configuration............................. 191
19.1 Adding a New User............................................................... 192
19.2 Modifying User Properties....................................................... 193
19.3 Adding a New Group............................................................. 194
19.4 Modifying Group Properties ..................................................... 195
Chapter 20 Gathering System Information ............................. 197
20.1 System Processes................................................................ 197
20.2 Memory Usage ................................................................... 199
20.3 Filesystems ....................................................................... 200
20.4 Hardware.......................................................................... 201
20.5 Sysreport.......................................................................... 202
20.6 Additional Resources ............................................................ 203
Chapter 21 Printer Configuration............................................. 205
21.1 Adding a Local Printer ........................................................... 207
21.2 Adding a Remote UNIX Printer ................................................. 210
21.3 Adding a Samba (SMB) Printer ................................................. 212
21.4 Adding a Novell NetWare (NCP) Printer ....................................... 215
21.5 Adding a JetDirect Printer ....................................................... 216
21.6 Selecting the Print Driver and Finishing........................................ 218
21.7 Printing a Test Page.............................................................. 220
21.8 Modifying Existing Printers ...................................................... 220
21.9 Saving the Configuration File.................................................... 223
21.10 Managing Your Print Jobs ....................................................... 224
21.11 Additional Resources ............................................................ 224
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Chapter 22 Automated Tasks.................................................... 227
22.1 Cron................................................................................ 227
22.2 Configuring a Cron Task......................................................... 227
22.3 Anacron............................................................................ 229
22.4 Additional Resources ............................................................ 230
Chapter 23 Ugrading the Kernel............................................... 233
23.1 The 2.4 Kernel .................................................................... 233
23.2 Preparing to Upgrade ............................................................ 234
23.3 Downloading the Upgraded Kernel ............................................. 235
23.4 Performing the Upgrade ......................................................... 235
23.5 Configuring the Boot Loader .................................................... 236
23.6 Additional Resources ............................................................ 239
Chapter 24 Kernel Modules....................................................... 241
24.1 Kernel Module Utilities ........................................................... 241
24.2 Additional Resources ............................................................ 243
Part IV Package Management ..................................................... 245
Chapter 25 Package Management with RPM.......................... 247
25.1 RPM Design Goals............................................................... 247
25.2 UsingRPM........................................................................ 248
25.3 Checking a Package’s Signature ............................................... 254
25.4 Impressing Your Friends with RPM............................................. 256
25.5 Additional Resources ............................................................ 258
Chapter 26 Gnome-RPM............................................................ 261
26.1 Starting Gnome-RPM ............................................................ 262
26.2 The Package Display............................................................. 264
26.3 Installing New Packages......................................................... 265
26.4 Configuration...................................................................... 267
26.5 Package Manipulation............................................................ 273
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Chapter 27 Red Hat Network..................................................... 279
Part V Appendixes....................................................................... 281
Appendix A Building a Custom Kernel..................................... 283
A.1 Building a Modularized Kernel .................................................. 283
A.2 Making an initrd Image........................................................... 286
A.3 Configuring the Boot Loader .................................................... 286
A.4 Building a Monolithic Kernel..................................................... 289
Appendix B Getting Started with Gnu Privacy Guard............. 291
B.1 An Introduction to GnuPG ....................................................... 291
B.2 Generating a Keypair............................................................. 292
B.3 Generating a Revocation Certificate............................................ 294
B.4 Exporting your Public Key ....................................................... 295
B.5 Importing a Public Key ........................................................... 298
B.6 What Are Digital Signatures? ................................................... 299
B.7 Additional Resources ............................................................ 299
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