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• Foam may be produced on the surface of the measured
liquid during lling, mixing and other processes. The thick
foam signicantly absorbs the ultrasound signal and may
cause malfunction of the device (Fig. 10). In those cases
it is necessary to test the device in advance or contact the
manufacturer . In case of a thin layer of foam, it is also
possible to use directional horn for improving receipt of the
reected echo.
!
Fig. 10: Thick foam on the surface
• The ultrasonic signal can be scattered or attenuated if
the surface is moderately stirred or rippled (due to a
mixer, inow of liquid, etc.). This may result in reduction
of the measurement range or unreliable operation of the
device (Fig. 11). For a rippled or swirling level, you can
use the directional horn to eliminate scattering of the
ultrasonic signal.
Fig. 11: Moderately stirred
surface
!
• False surface reections of the ultrasonic
signal and unreliable operation of the de-
vice might result from the mixer’s rotating
blades t h a t r i p p l e t h e s u r f ac e l e v e l (Fi g . 12) .
• The device should not be installed in places
with the risk of false reections of the
ultrasonic signal from the mixer’s blades
(Fig. 13).
!
Fig. 12: Strongly stirred
surface
Fig. 13: False reection
from mixer blades
• The measuring device shall not be installed in
places with direct sunlight and shall be protected
against weather conditions. Direct sunlight af-
fects the built-in temperature compensation!
• If installation in places with direct sunlight is
inevitable, it is necessary to mount a shielding
cover above the device (Fig. 14).
• It is advisable to keep cable under the cable
gland (s a g ging d own) a s show n in Fig. 15 to p re -
ven t p e n etrat i o n of m o i s ture. R a i n a n d c o n d ens-
ing water can be therefore drained away freely.
• The cable gland as well as the connector shall
be tightened suciently to prevent penetra-
tion of moisture.
Fig. 14: Shielding cover against direct
sunlight
Fig. 15: Protection against
penetration of moisture