SAF CFM-LM Series Parts list manual

SAF CFM-LM
Series Microwave Radio System Product
Family
Technical Description
 SAF Tehnika A/S 2005

SAF CFM-LM Series Product Family Technical
Description
 SAF Tehnika A/S 2005
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
Introduction 1
CFM Radio in the Modern Market 2
Typical Uses of the CFM Radio System 2
Abbreviations 2
CHAPTER 2
CFM–LM Equipment 3
Overview 3
Main Features and Characteristics 4
Standards 6
Terminal and Site Configurations 8
CHAPTER 3
Outdoor Unit and Antenna 9
General 9
Radio Unit 10
Frequency Channel Arrangement 15
Antenna Unit 31
CHAPTER 4
Indoor Unit 33
General 33
IDU Functional Design 37
Updating Management Controller Software39
CHAPTER 5
Cables 40
IDU–ODU Cable 40
Cable for Antenna Alignment 41
Traffic Interface Cables 42
Management Interface Cables 42
Power Cable 42
CHAPTER 6
Management System 43
General, Main Goals 43
Management Features 45
Loop Tests 48
CHAPTER 7
Accessories 50
Earthing Accessories 50
Performance and Availability Calculation
Tool 51
Balancing Unit 52
CHAPTER 8
Technical Data 53
General Parameters 53
Mechanical Data 55
Power Supply 57
Environmental Requirements 57
References 58
SAF Tehnika A/S Contacts 58
Index 59

CFM-LM PRODUCT FAMILY
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
1
Introduction
Proprietary notice
The specifications or information contained in this document are subject to change without notice
due to continuing design improvement. If there is any conflict between this document and
compliance statements, the latter will supersede this document.
The CFM LM series digital microwave radio system is equipment designed for the transmission of
digital signals using radio waves in conditions within the line of sight. The type “LM” denotes the
model of the Radio Unit (or Outdoor Unit – ODU). There are LM and L4 type ODUs that work
with LM and L4 type Indoor Units correspondingly (Indoor Unit – IDU). This particular
document describes the LM series microwave radio system which includes LM ODU and IDUs
that work with the LM ODU.
The following LM type ODUs are available:
− CFM-38-LM, operates in 38 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-38-LM
meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 197 standard;
− CFM-26-LM, operates in 26 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-26-LM
meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 431 standard;
− CFM-22-LM, operates in 23 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-22-LM
radio meets the requirements of ETSI EN 300 198 standard;
− CFM-18-LM, operates in 18 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-18-LM
meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 128 standard;
− CFM-15-LM, operates in 15 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-15-LM
meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 128 standard;
− CFM-13-LM, operates in 13 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-13-LM
meets the requirements of ETSI EN 301 128 standard;
− CFM-8-LM, operates in 8 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-8-LM meets
the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard;
− CFM-7-LM, operates in 7 GHz band, WAN data rates: 8, 16, 34 Mbps; the CFM-7-LM meets
the requirements of ETSI EN 301 216 standard.
Depending on the type of IDU, the WAN data rate is 8, 16 or 34 Mbps.
The CFM terminal consists of the Indoor Unit, typically mounted indoors, the Outdoor Unit,
which is located outdoors and the antenna. The Radio Unit is typically located close by or directly
attached to the antenna. The Indoor Unit and the Radio Unit are connected with a single coaxial
cable, a sufficiently long cable can be used (for example, up to 100 m long RG-213, or up to 300 m
long LMR-400 cable).
In order to implement a communication link, the CFM terminal must be positioned in both points
to be linked.
The radio relay system has a simple and effective design ensuring low price and high reliability of
the device. These features result also in a compactness and low power consumption.
Chapter
1

INTRODUCTION
2
CFM Radio in the Modern Market
The widespread and growing use of microwave radio equipment in modern voice and data
networks well deserves to be called a phenomenon of the last decade of the 20th century and
beginning of the 21st century. The reasons behind that are numerous, like:
• increased demand for high data rate channels,
• growing pressure on operators to shorten the deployment and commissioning times,
• ever shortening time of the return on investments,
• changing demands for the services from the customers.
All those issues are well solved by use of wireless systems.
SAF Tehnika believes that by cleverly integrating the latest achievements in radio technology and
in components, we are delivering the solutions for operators enabling them to deploy new services
and solve communication problems to customers, thus developing the market.
Typical Uses of the CFM Radio System
SAF Tehnika is delivering CFM radio system as a number of units, which enables great flexibility
in configurations one could achieve.
By combining unified LM Radio Unit model with the choice from available LM Indoor Units it is
possible to make the right configuration for wide range of data and voice transmission needs.
CFM radio systems are widely used in data networks of ISPs and other network operators:
• To connect customers with high bandwidth requirements (office buildings, bigger
corporate customers) demanding higher than 2 Mbps connection speeds;
• To build medium capacity backbone connections between Points of Presence (POPs) of
the operator.
CFM equipment is often used to create private networks:
• For the governmental institutions;
• For utility companies (electricity, heat, water, gas);
• Community networks within bigger cities and in countryside;
• For large companies with multiple manufacturing, office and other sites to connect in one
network.
New uses for CFM equipment are emerging every day.
Abbreviations
AIS Alarm Indicator Status
BU Balancing Unit
BER Bit Error Ratio
CLI Command Line Interpreter
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
ETS European Telecommunications Standard (ETSI standard)
IDU Indoor Unit
IF Intermediate frequency
LAN Local Area Network
MM Management
MUX Multiplexer
ODU Outdoor Unit
REB Remote Ethernet Bridge
RF Radio frequency
WAN Wide Area Network

CFM-LM PRODUCT FAMILY
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
3
CFM–LM Equipment
Overview
The CFM–LM digital microwave radio products can be employed in various modern applications
including private data/voice networks, cellular networks, utility private networks, PBX trunk
connectivity, access to high–speed networks of providers of data services (IP, FR, etc.).
The choice of antennas for the CFM–LM radio model solely depends on the availability
requirements for particular installation or service type.
CFM–LM System Components:
The typical CFM–LM terminal configuration consists of an Indoor Unit, an Outdoor Unit and an
antenna.
The Outdoor Unit is either directly connected to the antenna or installed separately. In the latter
case a flexible waveguide is used to interconnect the ODU with the antenna.
The ODU is interconnected with the IDU with a single coaxial cable.
The following LM Indoor Unit models are available:
• The CFM-8-REB, - Remote Ethernet Bridge IDU, provides full radio capacity of 8 Mbps to
10Base–T UTP Ethernet interface on the LAN side;
• The CFM-34-REBM, - modular Fast Ethernet bridge IDU, provides 100Base-Tx UTP LAN
interface plus two interface slots that can be equipped with two interface modules (V.35, E1
or 10Base-T Ethernet) providing additional traffic interfaces with a maximum capacity of 2
Mbps each;
• Modular multiplexer IDUs: the following multiplexer IDUs are available:
− CFM-8-MUX, - modular IDU, can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1 or
10Base-T Ethernet) providing maximum WAN data rate of 8 Mbps;
− CFM-16-MUX, - modular IDU, can be equipped with 4 interface modules providing
maximum WAN data rate of 16 Mbps;
• E1 Indoor Units: the following E1 interface IDUs are available:
− CFM-8-4E1, - fixed configuration multiplexer, provides multiplexing of 4 E1 channels
into a single 8 Mbps stream (8448 kbps total throughput, 8192 kbps payload);
− CFM-16-8E1, - fixed configuration multiplexer, provides multiplexing of 8 E1 channels
into a single 16 Mbps stream (16896 kbps total throughput, 16384 kbps payload);
− CFM-34-16E1, - fixed configuration multiplexer, provides multiplexing of 16 E1
channels into a single 34 Mbps stream (34368 kbps total throughput, 32768 kbps
payload);
• CFM-M-MUX, - modular IDU, can be equipped with 4 interface modules (V.35, E1, 4xE1 or
2-port 100Base-T), supports WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34 Mbps;
• CFM-MP-MUX, modular 1+1 IDU (2U high), can be equipped with 4 interface modules
(V.35, E1, 4xE1 or 2-port 100Base-T), supports WAN data rates of 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps and 34
Mbps;
Chapter
2

CFM–LM EQUIPMENT
4
Main Features and Characteristics
Main Features
The CFM–LM microwave radio system offers the following operation and maintenance facilities:
• Radio performance monitoring,
• Near-end and far–end loopback tests,
• Software controlled parameters of the ODU and IDU.
The CFM-LM radio system offers a wide range of management capabilities including the remote
adjustment control, monitoring and testing.
In order to locate faults, the service engineer can access the Operation & Maintenance channel
using a PC with the appropriate software to perform loop tests. Loop tests are discussed in a
greater detail in paragraph Loop Tests, page 48.
The management terminal can be connected to the IDU through RS232 or Ethernet ports. The
local loop–back tests can also be performed from the local management interface on the IDU.
A wide range of parameters can be adjusted from the management terminal (PC) as well as through
the IDU management interface, - LCD and keypad.
The radio unit and the antenna are easily installed on a wide range of support structures.
Depending on the antenna used, the radio unit can be fitted directly to the antenna without a
waveguide feeder, or it can be fitted separately and connected with antenna with a flexible
waveguide. In either case the radio unit can be disconnected and replaced without affecting the
antenna alignment.
The IDU unit is fitted in 19” rack or on the wall or desk.
The management facilities of all SAF Tehnika products are being continuously developed and
improved making the setup, commissioning and maintenance easier.
IDU Characteristics
The CFM-8-REB Ethernet Bridge provides 10Base-T UTP traffic port on RJ-45 socket.
The CFM-34-REBM is modular Indoor Unit providing 10/100Base-Tx UTP traffic interface on
RJ-45 socket and two 2 Mbps slots for additional traffic interface modules.
The CFM-8-MUX provides the WAN data rate of 8 Mbps.
The CFM-16-MUX provides the WAN data rate of 16 Mbps.
The CFM-M-MUX and the CFM-MP-MUX provides WAN data rates of 8, 16 and 34 Mbps, the
data rate are software selectable.
The CFM-8-4E1 provides fixed 2 Mbps traffic capacity to each of two E1 interface ports, the
ports are available with either RJ-45 socket or BNC connectors.
The CFM-16-8E1 is the fixed configuration multiplexer providing WAN data rate of 16 Mbps, the
traffic interfaces are available with DB25 or RJ-45 port connectors.
The CFM-34-16E1 is the fixed configuration multiplexer providing WAN data rate of 34 Mbps,
the traffic interfaces have RJ-45 port connectors.
ODU Characteristics
Covered frequency band
The CFM-38-LM radio covers 37.0 – 39.5 GHz band;
The CFM-26-LM radio covers 24.5 – 26.5 GHz band;
The CFM-22-LM radio covers 22.0 – 23.6 GHz band;
The CFM-18-LM radio covers 17.7 – 19.7 GHz band;
The CFM-15-LM radio covers 14.40 – 15.35 GHz band;
The CFM-13-LM radio covers 12.75 – 13.25 GHz band;

CFM–LM EQUIPMENT
5
The CFM-8-LM radio has various versions available:
- 7.900 – 8.400 GHz band,
- 8.275 – 8.500 GHz band;
The CFM-7-LM radio has various versions available:
- 7.125 – 7.425 GHz band,
- 7.425 – 7.725 GHz band.
The ODUs have various types regarding what frequency subband (A, B or C) within a band side
(H or L) they cover; two types of ODUs must be combined for each hop:
− L and H ODUs: L type ODU transmitter operates in lower frequencies (L band side) and
receiver works in upper frequencies, H type ODU is reverse to L type, - transmitter operates
in upper side of the band and receiver operates in lower side;
− LA and HA ODUs: LA ODU transmitter operates in A subband of the L band side, HA
ODU transmitter operates in A subband of the H band side;
− LB and HB ODUs;
− LC and HC ODUs;
The type of ODU depends on what frequency plan the ODU supports.
Duplex spacings
The width of the duplex spacing (difference in Tx and Rx frequencies) for the CFM-22-LM ODU
is either 1008 MHz or 1232 MHz (two different versions of the CFM-22-LM ODU).
The duplex spacing of the CFM-7-LM radio is 154 MHz and 161 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-8-LM radio is 119 MHz and 266 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-13-LM radio is 266 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-15-LM radio is 728 MHz, 420 MHz, and 490 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-18-LM radio is 1010 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-22-LM radio is 1008 MHz or 1232 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-26-LM radio is 1008 MHz.
The duplex spacing of the CFM-38-LM radio is 1260 MHz.
Occupied bandwidth
Supported bandwidths and corresponding bit rates of the CFM-LM ODU are shown in the table
below:
Bit rate
ODU 4 Mbps 8 Mbps 16 Mbps 34 Mbps
CFM-38-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
CFM-26-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
CFM-22-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
CFM-18-LM n/a 7 MHz 13.75 MHz 27.5 MHz
CFM-15-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
CFM-13-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
CFM-8-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
CFM-7-LM n/a 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz
Transmitter power
The maximum transmit power for
− the CFM-38-LM ODU is 14 dBm,
− the CFM-26-LM ODU is 19 dBm,
− the CFM-22-LM ODU is 19 dBm,
− the CFM-18-LM ODU is 19 dBm,
− the CFM-15-LM ODU is 20 dBm,
− the CFM-13-LM ODU is 20 dBm,
− the CFM-8-LM ODU is 27 dBm,
− the CFM-7-LM ODU is 27 dBm.
The minimum transmit power for all radios is -10 dBm; the transmitter power can be changed
from the minimum up to the maximum level in steps of 1 dB.

CFM–LM EQUIPMENT
6
Standards
ETSI
ETSI EN 300 198 Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Digital Radio Relay Systems
(DRRS); Parameters for DRRS for the transmission of digital
signals and analogue video signals operating at 23 GHz.
ETSI ETS 300 019 “Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and
environmental tests for telecommunications equipment”.
ETSI ETS 300 132-2 “Equipment Engineering (EE); Power supply interface at the
input to telecommunications equipment; Part 2: Operated by
direct current (dc)”.
ETS 300 339 “Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); General Electro-Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC) for radio equipment”.
ETS 300 385 “Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Electro-Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC) standard for digital fixed radio and ancillary
with data rates at around 2 Mbit/s and above”.
EN 301 401 Attachment requirements for Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) to
connect to public networks that have physical and electrical
network presentations based upon the ITU-T V-series of
Recommendations.
EN 300 324-1 v.1.2.3 V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.1 interface for
the support of Access Network (AN); Part 1: V5.1 interface
specification.
EN 300 347-1 v.2.2.2 V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.2 interface for
the support of Access Network (AN); Part 1: V5.2 interface
specification.
EN 301 216 v.1.2.1 (2001-
07)
In the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz. Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
(PDH);Low and medium capacity and STM-0 digital radio system
operating in the frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz
ETSI EN 300 197 v.1.6.1 Parameters for radio systems for the transmission of digital signals
operating at 38 GHz
ETSI EN 300 431 v.1.4.1
(2002-07)
Parameters for digital radio systems operating in the frequency
range 24,50 GHz to 29,50 GHz
ETSI EN 301 128 v.1.2.1 Parameters for digital radio systems operating in 13 GHz, 15 GHz
and 18 GHz bands
ETSI EN 301 126-1
v.1.1.2 (1999-09)
Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 1: Point-to-Point
equipment -Definitions, general requirements and test procedures
ETSI EN 301 390 v.1.1.1
(2000-12)
Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint
systems; Spurious emissions and receiver immunity at
equipment\antenna port of Digital Fixed Radio Systems
ETSI EN 300 833 v.1.3.1
(2001-08)
Fixed radio systems; Point-to-point antennas; Antennas for point-
to-point fixed radio systems operating in the frequency band 3
GHz to 60 GHz
ETSI EN 301 489-1
v.1.2.2 (08-2000)
EMC standard
ETSI EN 301 489-1
v.1.2.2 (08-2000)
EMC standard
ETSI EN 301 751 v.1.2.1
final draft (2002-07)
Fixed radio systems; Point-to-Point equipment and antennas;
Generic harmonized standard for point-to-Point digital Fixed
radio systems and antennas covering the essential requirements
under Article 3.2 of the Directive 1999/5/EC

CFM–LM EQUIPMENT
7
ITU-T
ITU-T G.702 Digital hierarchy bit rates.
ITU-T G.703 Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces.
ITU-T G.742 (11/88) Second order digital multiplex equipment operating at 8448 kbit/s
and using positive justification.
ITU-T G.744 (11/88) Second order PCM multiplex equipment operating at 8448 kbit/s.
ITU-T G.775 (10/98) Loss of Signal (LOS), Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) and Remote
Defect Indication (RDI) defect detection and clearance criteria for
PDH signals.
ITU-T M.3400 (04/97) TMN Management functions.
ITU-T M.3010 (05/96) Principles for a TMN.
ITU-T G.775 (10/98) Loss of Signal (LOS), Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) and Remote
Defect Indication (RDI) defect detection and clearance criteria for
PDH signals.
ITU-T G.821 (12/02) Error performance of an international digital connection operating
at a bit rate below the primary rate and forming part of an
Integrated Services Digital Network.
ITU-T G.826 (08/96),
refers to MP-MUX IDU
Error performance parameters and objectives for international,
constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate.
ITU-T G.823 (03/93) The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are
based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.
ITU-T G.921 Digital sections based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.
ITU-R
ITU-R F.385-6 Annex 1 7.425 – 7.725 GHz Duplex spacing 154 MHz
ITU-R F.385-6 7.125 – 7.425 GHz Duplex spacing 161 MHz
7.425 – 7.725 GHz Duplex spacing 161 MHz
ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 3 and Annex 4 8.275 – 8.500 GHz Duplex spacing 119/126 MHz
7.900 – 8.400 GHz Duplex spacing 266 MHz
ITU-R F.497-6 12.75 – 13.25 GHz Duplex spacing 266 MHz
ITU-R F.636-3 14.4 – 15.35 GHz Duplex spacing 490 MHz
ITU-R F.636-3 14.5 – 15.35 GHz Duplex spacing 420 MHz
ITU-R F.595-7 17.7 – 19.7 GHz Duplex spacing 1010 MHz
ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 1 and Annex 3 21.2 – 23.6 GHz Duplex spacing 1232 MHz
22.0 – 23.6 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz
ITU-R F.748-2 Annex 1 24.5 – 26.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz
ITU-R F.749-2 Annex 1 37.0 – 39.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1260 MHz
CEPT/ERC
CEPT/ERC Recommendation T/R 12-02 E 12.75 – 13.25 GHz Duplex spacing 266 MHz
CEPT/ERC Recommendation T/R 12-07 E 14.5 – 15.35 GHz Duplex spacing 728 MHz
CEPT/ERC Recommendation T/R 12-03 E 17.7 – 19.7 GHz Duplex spacing 1010 MHz
CEPT/ERC Recommendation T/R 13-02 E 22.0 – 23.6 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz
24.5 – 26.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1008 MHz
CEPT/ERC Recommendation T/R 12-01 E 37.0 – 39.5 GHz Duplex spacing 1260 MHz
CEPT/ERC Recommendation 74-01E Spurious emissions
IEEE
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet interface

CFM–LM EQUIPMENT
8
Terminal and Site Configurations
Unprotected Terminal (1+0)
Unprotected terminal configuration (1+0) consists of:
• One radio unit (ODU)
• One antenna
• One indoor unit
Protected Terminal (1+1)
The protected terminal configuration (1+1) is available using 1+1 IDUs, - CFM-MP-MUX. For
more information on 1+1 configuration please refer to the CFM-MP-MUX Indoor Unit Installation
and Configuration Manual (see chapter References for more information).
Repeater Site
At certain conditions it may become necessary to install one or more repeater sites. With the
existing equipment it is possible to establish the repeater site by installing two complete CFM
equipment sets (see Figure 1). This configuration allows the use of functions offered by the Service
channel as well as the use of interfaces for data streams to be added or dropped in the both CFM
IDUs at the repeater site.
Figure 1. Typical configuration of the repeater site
IDU
PBX LAN
IDU IDU
PBX LAN
PBX LAN
IDU
Repeater Site
O
D
U
O
D
U
O
D
U
O
D
U

CFM-LM PRODUCT FAMILY
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
9
Outdoor Unit and Antenna
General
The Outdoor Unit (ODU) and the antenna forms the outdoor part of the CFM site (one side of
the hop). The Outdoor Unit is a radio unit which can be either directly connected to the antenna
or installed separately using flexible waveguide. The Radio Unit is connected to the IDU using a
single 50 Ω coaxial cable, for more detailed information on the IDU–ODU cable please refer to
section IDU–ODU Cable, page 40.
Chapter
3

OUTDOOR UNIT AND ANTENNA
10
Radio Unit
The CFM-LM Radio Unit is implemented as a weatherproof white circular housing weighting 2.5
kg.
There are following external features:
• UBR flange in the centre of the case for connection to the antenna,
• The interface for connection to the IDU (N-type socket),
• The test port for antenna alignment (BNC socket).
Figure 2. CFM-LM Radio Unit
For ODU technical parameters please refer to Chapter Technical Data, page 53.
Relation of RSSI Rx signal level and received power is specified in the configuration guide (see
References)
The ODUs have the following waveguide flanges:
CFM-7-LM: UBR 84,
CFM-8-LM: UBR 84,
CFM-13-LM: UBR 140,
CFM-15-LM: UBR 140,
CFM-18-LM: UBR 220,
CFM-22-LM: UBR 220,
CFM-26-LM: UBR 260,
CFM-38-LM: UBR 320.
For information about frequency allocation refer to Chapter Frequency Channel Arrangement, page 15.
Grounding
screw, M6
IDU-ODU cable N-
type connector
Antenna port
compatible with
UBR-type flange
RSSI signal port
(BNC socket)
Mounting
screws

OUTDOOR UNIT AND ANTENNA
11
The ODU contains temperature sensor and condensing moisture sensor. These indications are
accessible through all available management methods. The temperature sensor indicates the
temperature within the ODU, - it is normally about 6°C higher than the outer temperature. As for
the triggered moisture sensor, it is most likely that the ODU cover is opened. This is abnormal
operational condition and should be averted as soon as possible.
Labelling
Each Outdoor Unit is labelled.
The ODU is uniquely identified by the combination of product number (“P/N”) and serial
number.
The label contains five squares (see figures below). One of the first two squares will have a letter L
or H (other is blank) which denotes what band side the specific radio operates (Low or High).
Either the third square or the fourth square will have letter A or B (the fourth square – letter A or
the fifth square – letter B), which denotes the subband. The fifth square is blank.
Figure 3. Label of the CFM-22-LM Radio

OUTDOOR UNIT AND ANTENNA
12
ODU Functional Design
The radio unit consists of the following components (please refer to Figure 4):
• Cable interface
• IF module
• Receiver & Transmitter units
• Controller module
• Synthesizer module
• Duplexer
Figure 4. The CFM-LM radio unit block diagram
Waveguide to
Antenna
Coax cable to
IDU
RX RSSI
output
Cable Interface
Controller
Module
Receiver
Transmitter
Synthesizer
Module
Intermediate
Frequency
Module
Duplexer
ODU

OUTDOOR UNIT AND ANTENNA
13
Cable Interface
There are two functions accomplished in the cable interface:
• The power supply of the radio unit,
• The provision of signal transportation to the IDU over the coaxial cable.
The supply voltage, which can be in the range from 20 to 60 V with both polarities in relation to
the ground, is supplied from the IDU over the cable.
A 350 MHz frequency signal, modulated with the filtered data signal, is received from the IDU.
The cable interface contains the FM demodulation unit. The data signal from the output of the FM
demodulation unit is forwarded to the modulation input of the voltage-controlled oscillator in the
transmitting part of the synthesizer module. Thus the data signal is transported from the IDU to
the ODU. The cable can be so long until the maximum attenuation of the signal does not exceed
20 dB. The FM demodulators produce a voltage, which is proportional to the logarithm of the 350
MHz carrier power (cable RSSI). This voltage is supplied to the controller module and is used to
check if the allowed length of the coaxial cable is not exceeded.
The transportation of the data signal from the ODU to the IDU is carried out as follows: limited
(constant level) 140 MHz intermediate frequency signal is supplied to the coaxial cable through the
amplifier and the band-pass filter in the cable interface. This signal is frequency-modulated (the
modulation is performed in the transmitter of the opposite station) and the length of the cable has
no effect on the transmitted data signal, unless the 20 dB attenuation limit is kept up. Since the
filtration and restriction of the intermediate frequency signal is performed in the radio unit, the
transportation of the signal to the IDU has no effect on the sensitivity of the receiver.
Additional data signal with a transmission rate of 9 kbps is transmitted over the same coaxial cable
from the IDU to the ODU and vice versa. Both signals carry telemetry data between ODU and
IDU. This is performed using two carriers with pulse-modulated amplitude. The data from the
ODU to the IDU are transmitted on a 6 MHz carrier, but from the IDU to the ODU – on a
4.5 MHz carrier.
Intermediate Frequency Module
The IF module is used for the second conversion and filtering of the signal. The 1542 MHz
intermediate frequency signal is passed to the IF block from the first converter in the receiver.
Synthesized 1402 MHz oscillator jointly with a mixer transforms the first intermediate frequency
into the second intermediate frequency of 140 MHz. The second IF signal is filtered with a surface
acoustic waves (SAW) filter, after the filtering the signal arrives to the logarithmic amplifier that
has a signal limiter at the output. The logarithmic amplifier has an additional function – an exact
measurement of the power of the received signal. The direct voltage on the output of this amplifier
is supplied to the controller module and is used for the measurements.
Synthesizer Module
The synthesizer module has two very similar frequency synthesizers. One synthesizer supplies the
oscillator signal to the first mixer. The second has a modulation input and it supplies the signal to
the transmitter. The synthesizers are based on the voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO). The
frequency of VCOs is stabilized and modified, using a phase-locked loop (PLL).
Receiver
The receiver performs amplification of the received signal by means of a low-noise amplifier
(LNA), which is a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), enclosed in a special package.
The signal after that is forwarded to the mirror-channel filter, which is installed with the purpose
to reduce the noise factor of the receiver. From the point of view of the input signal, sufficient
attenuation of the mirror channel is provided by the duplexer filter.
The amplified signal is passed to the subharmonic mixer, where it is converted to the frequency of
1542 MHz. This mixer is also a monolithic microwave integrated circuit.
RX block has a waveguide input.

OUTDOOR UNIT AND ANTENNA
14
Transmitter
In the transmitter, the output frequency of the synthesizer module is doubled and the resulting
signal is amplified. Both functions are performed by one monolithic microwave integrated circuit.
By switching on and off the supply voltage, it is possible to switch on and off the transmitter.
TX block has a waveguide output.
Duplexer
The duplexer is intended for combining the signals from the transmitter and receiver into the
single waveguide to the antenna. This device is a narrow-band waveguide filter with one common
waveguide output. Tx frequency setting in one station should match Rx frequency at the other
station and vice versa.
Controller Module
The controller module is intended to ensure the control and checking of the radio unit and a link
with the IDU.
The control functions are intended for:
• Setting of the synthesizer frequencies
• Setting of the output power
• Switching the receiver on and off
The checking functions are provided for:
• Measuring the level of the received signal
• Measuring the signal attenuation in the cable
• Checking the synchronism of the synthesizers
• Measuring the temperature of the radio unit
• Checking the humidity in the radio unit
Settings of the frequency and transmitter power are accomplished from the IDU management
interface or through the management console. The ODU has its own management controller and
the memory for configuration storage. The configuration information is stored in the ODU
management controller EPROM. Consequently, in the case of the ODU replacement, the current
configuration of link may change therefore the new parameters should be set.
SAF Tehnika is shipping CFM-LM Outdoor Units with the following default settings:
• The transmitter is switched off (TxPower=off);
• The channel is set to one in the middle of the sub-band.
The Tx channel can be adjusted from the IDU or using other available management methods.
The arrangement of frequency channels is given in tables in Chapter Frequency Channel Arrangement.

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Frequency Channel Arrangement
Table 1. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies (3.5 MHz step) for the CFM-7-LM series Radio operating in
7 GHz band with the duplex shift of 154 MHz; the CFM-7-LM ODU operates with the channel spacings
7 MHz for 8 Mbps capacity, 14 MHz for 16 Mbps capacity and 28 MHz for 34 Mbps capacity; the plan
corresponds to ITU-R recommendation F.385-6 Annex 1.
Channel Nr. LA HA Channel Nr. LB HB
1 7428,00 7582,00 17 7484,00 7638,00
2 7431,50 7585,50 18 7487,50 7641,50
3 7435,00 7589,00 19 7491,00 7645,00
4 7438,50 7592,50 20 7494,50 7648,50
5 7442,00 7596,00 21 7498,00 7652,00
6 7445,50 7599,50 22 7501,50 7655,50
7 7449,00 7603,00 23 7505,00 7659,00
8 7452,50 7606,50 24 7508,50 7662,50
9 7456,00 7610,00 25 7512,00 7666,00
10 7459,50 7613,50 26 7515,50 7669,50
11 7463,00 7617,00 27 7519,00 7673,00
12 7466,50 7620,50 28 7522,50 7676,50
13 7470,00 7624,00 29 7526,00 7680,00
14 7473,50 7627,50 30 7529,50 7683,50
15 7477,00 7631,00 31 7533,00 7687,00
16 7480,50 7634,50 32 7536,50 7690,50
17 7484,00 7638,00 33 7540,00 7694,00
Centre frequencies in subbands A and B, MHz
Channel Nr. LC HC
1 7512,00 7666,00
2 7515,50 7669,50
3 7519,00 7673,00
4 7522,50 7676,50
5 7526,00 7680,00
6 7529,50 7683,50
7 7533,00 7687,00
8 7536,50 7690,50
9 7540,00 7694,00
10 7543,50 7697,50
11 7547,00 7701,00
12 7550,50 7704,50
13 7554,00 7708,00
14 7557,50 7711,50
15 7561,00 7715,00
16 7564,50 7718,50
17 7568,00 7722,00
Centre frequencies in subband C, MHz
Table 2. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies for the CFM-7-LM series Radio operating in 7 GHz band
with the duplex shift of 161 MHz; the plan corresponds to ITU-R recommendation F.385-6.
Channel Nr. LA HA Channel Nr. LB HB
1 7428,00 7589,00 9 7484,00 7645,00
2 7435,00 7596,00 10 7491,00 7652,00
3 7442,00 7603,00 11 7498,00 7659,00
4 7449,00 7610,00 12 7505,00 7666,00
5 7456,00 7617,00 13 7512,00 7673,00
6 7463,00 7624,00 14 7519,00 7680,00
7 7470,00 7631,00 15 7526,00 7687,00
8 7477,00 7638,00 16 7533,00 7694,00
Centre frequencies in subbands A and B, MHz
Channel Nr. LC HC
14 7519,00 7680,00
15 7526,00 7687,00
16 7533,00 7694,00
17 7540,00 7701,00
18 7547,00 7708,00
19 7554,00 7715,00
20 7561,00 7722,00
Centre frequencies in subband C, MHz
Table 3. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies for the CFM-7-LM series Radio operating in 7 GHz band
with the duplex shift of 161 MHz; the plan corresponds to ITU-R recommendation F.385-6.
Channel Nr. LA HA Channel Nr. LB HB
1 7128,00 7289,00 9 7184,00 7345,00
2 7135,00 7296,00 10 7191,00 7352,00
3 7142,00 7303,00 11 7198,00 7359,00
4 7149,00 7310,00 12 7205,00 7366,00
5 7156,00 7317,00 13 7212,00 7373,00
6 7163,00 7324,00 14 7219,00 7380,00
7 7170,00 7331,00 15 7226,00 7387,00
8 7177,00 7338,00 16 7233,00 7394,00
Centre frequencies in subbands A and B, MHz
Channel Nr. LC HC
14 7219,00 7380,00
15 7226,00 7387,00
16 7233,00 7394,00
17 7240,00 7401,00
18 7247,00 7408,00
19 7254,00 7415,00
20 7261,00 7422,00
Centre frequencies in subband C, MHz

OUTDOOR UNIT AND ANTENNA
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Table 4. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies (3.5 MHz step) for the CFM-8-LM series Radio operating in
8 GHz band with the duplex shift of 119 MHz; the CFM-8-LM ODU operates with the channel spacings
7 MHz for 8 Mbps capacity, 14 MHz for 16 Mbps capacity and 28 MHz for 34 Mbps capacity; the plan
corresponds to ITU-R recommendation F.386-6 Annex 3.
Channel
Nr. LA HA Channel
Nr. LB HB
1 8286,00 8405,00 14 8328,00 8447,00
2 8289,50 8408,50 15 8331,50 8450,50
3 8293,00 8412,00 16 8335,00 8454,00
4 8296,50 8415,50 17 8338,50 8457,50
5 8300,00 8419,00 18 8342,00 8461,00
6 8303,50 8422,50 19 8345,50 8464,50
7 8307,00 8426,00 20 8349,00 8468,00
8 8310,50 8429,50 21 8352,50 8471,50
9 8314,00 8433,00 22 8356,00 8475,00
10 8317,50 8436,50 23 8359,50 8478,50
11 8321,00 8440,00 24 8363,00 8482,00
12 8324,50 8443,50 25 8366,50 8485,50
13 8328,00 8447,00 26 8370,00 8489,00
Table 5. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies (3.5 MHz step) for the CFM-8-LM series Radio operating in
8 GHz band with the duplex shift of 266 MHz; the CFM-8-LM ODU operates with the channel spacings
7 MHz for 8 Mbps capacity, 14 MHz for 16 Mbps capacity and 28 MHz for 34 Mbps capacity; the plan
corresponds to ITU-R recommendation F.386-6 Annex 4.
7 14 28 LA HA 7 14 28 LA HA
1 1 1 7 912,0 8 178,0 17 17 9 8 024,0 8 290,0
2 2 7 919,0 8 185,0 18 18 8 031,0 8 297,0
3 3 2 1 7 926,0 8 192,0 19 19 10 5 8 038,0 8 304,0
4 4 7 933,0 8 199,0 20 20 8 045,0 8 311,0
5 5 3 7 940,0 8 206,0 21 21 11 8 052,0 8 318,0
6 6 7 947,0 8 213,0 22 22 8 059,0 8 325,0
7 7 4 2 7 954,0 8 220,0 23 23 12 6 8 066,0 8 332,0
8 8 7 961,0 8 227,0 24 24 8 073,0 8 339,0
9 9 5 7 968,0 8 234,0 25 25 13 8 080,0 8 346,0
10 10 7 975,0 8 241,0 26 26 8 087,0 8 353,0
11 11 6 3 7 982,0 8 248,0 27 27 14 7 8 094,0 8 360,0
12 12 7 989,0 8 255,0 28 28 8 101,0 8 367,0
13 13 7 7 996,0 8 262,0 29 29 15 8 108,0 8 374,0
14 14 8 003,0 8 269,0 30 30 8 115,0 8 381,0
15 15 8 4 8 010,0 8 276,0 31 31 16 8 8 122,0 8 388,0
16 16 8 017,0 8 283,0 32 32 8 129,0 8 395,0
Channel
spacing, MHz
Channel
spacing, MHz
Channel
Nr.
Channel
Nr.

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Table 6. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies for the CFM-13-LM series Radio operating in 13 GHz band
with the channel spacing of 7 MHz; duplex shift is 266 MHz; the plan corresponds to CEPT/ERC
recommendation 12-02 E.
NLA HAN LB HB
0 12754,5 13020,5 16 12866,5 13132,5
1 12761,5 13027,5 17 12873,5 13139,5
2 12768,5 13034,5 18 12880,5 13146,5
3 12775,5 13041,5 19 12887,5 13153,5
4 12782,5 13048,5 20 12894,5 13160,5
5 12789,5 13055,5 21 12901,5 13167,5
6 12796,5 13062,5 22 12908,5 13174,5
7 12803,5 13069,5 23 12915,5 13181,5
8 12810,5 13076,5 24 12922,5 13188,5
9 12817,5 13083,5 25 12929,5 13195,5
10 12824,5 13090,5 26 12936,5 13202,5
11 12831,5 13097,5 27 12943,5 13209,5
12 12838,5 13104,5 28 12950,5 13216,5
13 12845,5 13111,5 29 12957,5 13223,5
14 12852,5 13118,5 30 12964,5 13230,5
15 12859,5 13125,5 31 12971,5 13237,5
Table 7. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies for the CFM-13-LM series Radio operating in 13 GHz band
with the channel spacing of 14 MHz; duplex shift is 266 MHz; the plan corresponds to CEPT/ERC
recommendation 12-02 E.
NLA HANLB HB
0 12758 13024 8 12870 13136
1 12772 13038 9 12884 13150
2 12786 13052 10 12898 13164
3 12800 13066 11 12912 13178
4 12814 13080 12 12926 13192
5 12828 13094 13 12940 13206
6 12842 13108 14 12954 13220
7 12856 13122 15 12968 13234
Table 8. Tx/Rx channel centre frequencies for the CFM-13-LM series Radio operating in 13 GHz band
with the channel spacing of 28 MHz; duplex shift is 266 MHz; the plan corresponds to CEPT/ERC
recommendation 12-02 E.
NLA H
A
NLB HB
0 12765 13031 4 12877 13143
1 12793 13059 5 12905 13171
2 12821 13087 6 12933 13199
3 12849 13115 7 12961 13227