Shugart SA810 User manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TABLEOFCONTENTS .............................................................. i
LIST OF FIGURES
................................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................... iv
ABBREVIATIONS/MNEMONICS ....................................................... iv
SECTION I INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1-1
1. 1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.2 Specifications Summary
................................................ 1-1
1.2.1 Performance Specifications
........................................ 1,.-1
1.2.2 Functional Specifications ......................................... 1-2
1.2.3 Physical Specifications ........................................... 1-2
1.2.4 Reliability Specifications .......................................... 1-3
1.3 Functional Characteristics
............................................... 1-3
1.3.1 Electronics
.................................................... 1-3
1.3.2 Drive Mechanism ............................................... 1-4
1.3.3 Positioning Mechanism ........................................... 1-4
1.3.4 Read/Write Heads .............................................. 1-4
1.3.5 Recording Formats .............................................. 1-4
1.4 Functional Operations ................................................. 1-4
1.4.1 Power Sequencing
.............................................. 1-4
1.4.2 Drive Selection ................................................. 1-4
1.4.3 Motor On ..................................................... 1-4
1.4.4 Track Accessing ................................................ 1-6
1.4.5 Step Out ..................................................... 1-6
1.4.6 Step In ....................................................... 1-6
1.4.7 Side Selection (SA860 Only) .... _. __ .............................. 1-7
1.4.8 Read Operation ............................... ' ................. 1-8
1.4.9 Write Operation ........................ " ....................... 1-9
1.4.10 Sequence of Events ............................................ 1-10
SECTION
II ELECTRICAL INTERFACE ................................................. 2-1
2.1 Introduction
........................................................ 2-1
2.2 Signal Interface ...................................................... 2-1
2.2.1 InputLines
................................................... 2-1
2.2.2 Input Line Termination .......................................... 2-3
2.2.3 Drive Select 1-4 ................................................ 2-3
2.2.4 Side Select (SA860 Only) ........................................ 2-3
2.2.5 Direction Select ................................................ 2-4
2.2.6 Step ........................................................ 2-4
2.2.7 Write Gate .................................................... 2-4
2.2.8 Write Data .................................................... 2-4
2.2.9 Motor On (Alternate Input) ....................................... 2-4
2.2.10 In Use (Alternate Input) ......................................... 2-4
2.2.11 External Write Current Switch (Alternate Input) ........................ 2-4
2.2.12 Output Lines ...................... : .......................... 2-5
2.2.13 . Track 00 .................................................... 2-5
2.2.14 Index ...................................................... 2-5
2.2.15 Sector (Hard Sector Only) ....................................... 2-5
2.2.16 Ready ...................................................... 2-5
2.2.17 Read Data ................................................... 2-6
2.2.18 Sep Data .................................................... 2-6
2.2.19 SepClock ................................................... 2-6
2.2.20 Write Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.2.21 True Ready
.................................................. 2-6
2.2.22 Disk Change (Optional Output) .............................. ; .... 2-6
2.2.23 Two Sided (Optional Output) ..................................... 2-6
2.2.24 Alternate I/O Pins ............................................. 2-6

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.)
2.3 Power Interface ...................................................... 2-6
2.4 Frame Grounding .................................................... 2-7
SECTION III PHYSICAL INTERFACE .................................................. 3-1
3.1 Introduction ........................................................ 3-1
3.2 Jl/Pl Connector ................................................... 3-1
3.3 J2/P2 Connector .................................................. 3-2
SECTION IV DRIVE PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS ....................................... 4-1
4.1 Introduction ........................................................ 4-1
4.2 Mechanical Dimensions ........................................... ~ ... 4-1
4.3 Mounting .......................................................... 4-1
4.4 Stacking Dual Drives ................................................. 4-1
SECTION V ERROR RECOVERY ..................................................... 5-1
5.1 Write Errors ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.2 Read Errors ........................................................ 5-1
5.3 Seek Errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
SECTION VI RECORDING FORMAT ................................................... 6-1
6.1 Recording Format (Single Density) ....................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Bit Cell ..................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 Byte ....................................................... 6-2
6.2 Recording Format (Double Density) ...................................... 6-2
6.3 Rules of Encoding ................................................... 6-3
6.3.1 FM Encoding ................................................. 6-3
6.3.2 MFM Encoding ............................................... 6-3
6.4 Tracks and Recording Formats .......................................... 6-3
6.4.1 Tracks ...................................................... 6-3
6.4.2 Track Format ................................................. 6-3
6.4.3 Hard Sector Recording Format .................................... 6-3
6.4.4 Soft Sector Recording Format .................................... 6-3
6.4.5 Typical Track Index Format ...................................... 6-3
SECTION VII CUSTOMER INSTALLABLE OPTIONS ...................................... 7-1
7.1 Introduction ....................................................... 7-1
7.2 External Write Current Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
7.3 Two-Sided Status (Optional Output SA860 only) ........................... 7-5
7.4 Disk Change (Optional Output) ......................................... 7-5
7.5 Side Selection Using Direction Select (SA860 only) .......................... 7-6
7.6 Side Selection Using Drive Select (SA860 only) ............................. 7-6
7.7 In Use Alternate Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.8 Motor On Without Selecting Drive ....................................... 7-7
7.9 Motor On by Optional Motor On and Drive Select ........................... 7-8
7.10 Motor Off Delay .................................................... 7-8
7.11 Radial Ready ..................................................... 7-9
7.12 Stepper Power Down ............................................... 7-10
7.13 Write Protect Optional Use ........................................... 7-10
SECTION VIII OPERATION PROCEDURES ............................................. 8-1
8.1 Introduction ...................................................... 8-1
8.2 Diskette Loading and Handling ........................................ 8-1
8.2.1 Write Protect: Shugart 8-Inch Diskettes ........................... 8-2
8.2.2 Write Protect: IBM Diskettes ................................... 8-2
SECTION IX PACKAGING; .......................................................... 9-1
APPENDIX A MACHINE LEVEL CODE INFORMATION .................................... A-I
APPENDIX B ORDERING INFORMATION .............................................. B-1
ii

Figure
Number
Title
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
1-1 SA810/860 Half-Height Floppy Disk Drive ................................. 1-0
1-2 SA810/860 Functional Diagram ........... . ............................ 1-5
1-3 Track Access Timing, Standard Seek
...................................... 1-6
1-4 Track Access Timing, Buffered
Seek ....................................... 1-7
1-5 Read Initiate Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1-6 Read Signal Timing
(FM Encoding) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
1-7
FM and MFM Code Comparisons ......................................... 1-8
1-8 Write Initiate Timing
................................................... 1-9
1-9
SA810/860 General Control and Data Timing Requirements .................... 1-10
2-1 SA810/860 Interface Connections ........................................ 2-2
2-2 Interface Signal Driver/Receiver
.......................................... 2-3
2-3 Index Timing
........................................................ 2-5
2-4 SectorTiming
....................................................... 2-5
2-5
DC PowerProfile ..................................................... 2-7
3-1 Interface
Connectors- Physical Locations .................................. 3-1
3-2
Jl Connector Dimensions .............................................. 3-2
3-3
J2/P2 Connector ..................................................... 3-2
4-1 Physical Dimensions
................................................... 4-2
6-1 Data Pattern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6-2
Bit Cell ............................................................. 6-1
6-3 Byte
............................................................... 6-1
6-4 Data Bytes
.......................................................... 6-2
6-5
FM and MFM Encoding ................................................ 6-4
6-6 .
SA810/860 Hard Sector Recording Format (FM) ............................. 6-4
6-7
MFM Track Format Comparison .......................................... 6-5
6-8
MFM Index Pre Address Mark ........................................... 6-6
6-9 Index Address Mark
FM ................................................ 6-6
6-10 MFM Index Address Mark .............................................. 6-7
6-11
10 Address Mark FM .................................................. 6-7
6-12
MFM 10 Address Mark ................................................. 6-7
6-13
MFM Pre ID/Data Address Mark ......................................... 6-8
6-14 Data Address Mark FM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
6-15 Deleted Data Address Mark
FM .......................................... 6-8
6-16
MFM Data Address Mark ............................................... 6-9
6-17
MFM Deleted Data Address Mark ......................................... 6-9
7
-1 PCB Component Locations (P /N 25227 and 25247) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7-2 PCB
Component Locations (P /N 25249) ................................... 7-4
7-3 External Write Current Option
........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
7-4
Disk Change Timing ................................................... 7-5
7-5
Disk Change Circuit ................................................... 7-6
7-6 Side Selection Using Direction Select
...................................... 7-6
7-7 Side Selection Using Drive Select
......................................... 7-7
7-8 Motor On Without Selecting Drive Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
7-9 Motor On by Opt. Motor
On and Drive Select Circuit ........................... 7-9
7-10 Radial Ready Circuit. .................................................. 7-10
7-11 Write Protect Circuit ................................................... 7-10
8-1 Loading the SA810/860 ............................................... 8-1
8-2 Diskette Write Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8-3 Write Protect Notch Specifications
........................................ 8-2
9-1
SA810/860 Packaging ................................................ 9-1
9-2 Pallet Loading
....................................................... 9-2
iii

LIST OF TABLES
Table
Number Title Page
2-1 DC Power Requirements ............................................... 2-7
3-1 Recommended
Jl Connectors ........................................... 3-2
7-1 Customer
Cut/Add Trace Options ........................................ 7-2
A-I Machine Level Code Information ......................................... A-I
B-1 Ordering Information .................................................. B-1
ABBREVIATIONS/ MNEMONICS
AM Address Mark
MFM
Modified FM
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
MLC
Machine Level Code
CRT Cathode-ray Tube
PCB
Printed Circuit Board
DS Drive Select PLL Phase Locked Loop
FM Frequency Modulation SEP Separated
10 Index
VFO
Variable Frequency Oscillator
LED Light Emitting Diode
WG Write Gate
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This manual (P /N 39216-2) supersedes all earlier manuals. All earlier editions may be discarded.
While every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided herein
is correct, please notify us in the
event of an error or inconsistency. Direct any comments on the form at the back of this manual to:
Shugart
Technical Publications
475 Oakmead Parkway
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
[phone]
iv

FIGURE 1.1. SA810/860 HALF·HEIGHT FLOPPY DISK DRIVE
1·0

1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
SECTION I
INTRODUCTION
The compact SA810 single-sided and SA860 double-sided half-height 8-inch floppy disk drives offer a reliable, low
cost, high performance solution for OEM data storage applications which require maximum capacity in
the smallest
space possible. The
SA810/860 drives are half the height of the Shugart SA801 floppy disk drive, fit in comfor-
tably with a CRT, require
no ac voltage, and offer up to 1.6 megabytes of unformatted capacity.
The SA810/860 offers the follOWing standard features:
a. Half-height sizing: 2.31 in. (59 mm) high by 8.55 in. (217 mm) wide by 12.00 in. (305 mm) deep
b. Interface and media compatibility with Shugart SA801/851 disk drives
c. Low
heat dissipation
d. Fast access time
{3 ms track to track}
e. Quiet operation
f. Low media wear due to low mass head
g. Rapid start dc drive motor--Iess than one revolution {eliminates ac requirements}
h. Phase-Locked Loop Crystal Referenced Motor
Speed Control
i. Media compatible with SA801/851 plus IBM 3740
j. Single or double density
k. 0.8/1.6M Bytes (unformatted capacity)
1. Write protect and programmable door lock for improved data security
m. Internal write current switching
n. TRUE READY alerts the system that the drive
is ready to send or receive data
o. Buffered seek
p. Single or multiple drive dc Motor
On control
q. Multiple jumper options
r. Shugart's proprietary Bi-Compliant read/write heads with straddle erase elements
s. Extended reliability
t. Activity light
u. Solid die cast chassis
v. Light weight
w. Inline dc and I/O connectors
The SA810/860 provides the best solution to the user looking for a compact, low cost, and reliable 8-inch floppy
disk drive. The
SA810/860 is the most versatile disk drive on the market. This drive is backed by an engineering
department that
is recognized as the largest, most experienced group in the entire floppy industry. The SA810/860
is the ultimate solution for small business systems, intelligent terminals, personal computer systems, and program
storage equipment.
1.2 SPECIFICATIONS SUMMARY
1.2.1 Performance Specifications
Capacity
Unformatted
Per Disk
Per Surface
Per Track
SA810
Single/Double Density
400/800 k bytes
400/800 k bytes
5.2/10.4 k bytes
1-1
SA860
Single/Double Density
0.8/1.6 M bytes
400/800 k bytes
5.2/10.4 k bytes

IBM Format
(128 byte sectors)
Per Disk
Per Surface
Per Track
Transfer Rate
Latency (average)
Access Time
Track to Track
Settle Time
One Track Seek & Settle
Average (including settle)
Motor Start Time
Worst Case
Typical
SA810
Single/Double Density
250/500 k bytes
250/500 k bytes
3.3/6.66 k bytes
250/500 k bits/sec
83 ms
3 ms
13 ms
16 ms
89 ms
165 ms
120 ms
1.2.2 Functional Specifications
Rotational Speed
Recording Density
(inside track)
Flux Density
Track Density
Tracks
Index
Encoding Method
Media Requirements
Soft Sectored
32 Sector Hard Sectored
Alignment Diskette
360 rpm
3268/6536 bpi
6536 fci
48 tpi
77
1
FM/MFM
SA100/102
SAI01/103
SA120
1.2.3 Physical Specifications
Environmental Limits
Ambient Temperature:
Relative Humidity:
Maximum Wet Bulb:
DC Voltage Requirements:
Operating
50° to 115°F (9.9° to 46.1 °C)
20% to 80%
85 OF (29.4°C)
Storage
-8° to 122<?F (-22.2° to 50°C)
1% to 95%
no condensation
+ 24.
00 ± 2.4 V dc @ 1. 0 A typ, 1.7 A max., 100 mV ripple.
+5.00 ± 0.25 V de @ 0.7 A typ, 1.0 A max., 50 mV ripple.
NOTE
SA860
Single/Double Density
500/1000 k bytes
250/500 k bytes
3.3/6.6t) k bytes
250/500 k bits/sec
83 ms
3 ms
13 ms
16 ms
89 ms
165 ms
120 ms
360 rpm
3408/6816 bpi
6816 fci
48 tpi
154
1
FM/MFM
SA150
SA151
SA122
Shipping
-40° to 144°F (-40° to 62.2°C)
1% to 95%
no condensation
If the stepper motor is energized by the controller during the single motor start-up time, the drive will ex-
ceed the +
24 V de current specification of 1.7 A maximum. Under this condition, the current specifica-
tion
is 2.2 A maximum.
1-2

Mechanical Dimensions
Width =
8.55 in (217 mm)
Height =
2.31 in (59 mm)
Depth =
12.00 in (305 mm)
Weight =
7lbs (3 kg)
Mounting
Top loading
Diskette Horizontal Label
Up/Down
Diskette Vertical Label Left/Right
Power Dissipation:
10 watts (34 BTU/hr) Standby
28 watts (96 BTU/hr) Typical
50 watts (171 BTU/hr) Maximum
1.2.4 Reliability Specifications
Mean Time Between Failure: 10,000 Power On Hours under typical usage.
Preventive Maintenance: Not required.
Mean Time to Repair:
30 Minutes
Component Life: 5 years
Error Rates:
Soft Read Errors:
Hard Read Errors:
Seek Errors:
Media Life:
1
per 109 bits read
1
per 10
12
bits read
1 per 106 seeks
Passes per Track: 3.5 x 106
Insertions: 30,000 +
1.3 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
The 810/860 floppy disk drives consist of:
a. Read/Write
and Control Electronics
b. Drive Mechanism
c. Precision Track Positioning Mechanism
d. Read/Write
Head (s)
1.3.1 Electronics
The electronics are packaged on one PCB which contains:
a. Index Detector Circuits (Sector/Index for Hard Sectored Media)
b.
Head Position Actuator Driver
c. Read/Write Amplifier
and Transition Detector
d. Write Protect
e. Drive Select Circuits
f. Spindle Motor Control
g.
Data/Clock Separation Circuits (FM Only)
h. Drive Ready Detector Circuit
i. Drive True Ready Detector Circuit
j. Side Select Circuit (Used on SA860 only)
k. In Use and Door Lock Circuits
1. Internal and External Write Current Switching
m. Power On Reset Circuit
n. Activity LED
1-3