Siemens Microfloppy FDD100-5 Operating instructions

SIEMENS
Floppy Disk Drive FDD100-5
•

MODEL FDD100-5
IVIICROFLOPPy[TM]
FLEXIBLE
DISK DRIVE
OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE IVIANUAL
A22742-A 1005-X001- * -7630

MODEL FDD1 00-5
FLEXIBLE DISK DRIVE
OPERATION AI\ID MAII\ITENANCE
A22742-A1005-X001-*-7630
REVISION
LEVEL
Revision
Letter Description Date
AOriginal Publication 3/79
iii

Model FDD100-5 Flexible Disk Drive

Section
Paragraph
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
GEI'JERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 SCOPE , 1-1
1.2 INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.2.1 Double Density 1-2
1.2.2 Daisy Chain Capability 1-2
1.2.3 Applications 1-2
1.2.4 Head Characteristics 1-3
1.3 FEATURES 1-3
1.4 SPECIFICATIONS 1-4
2 INSTALLATION AND INTERFACE
2.1 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION 2-1
2.2 INSTALLATION 2-1
2.3 INTERFACE 2-1
2.3.1 System Configuration 2-4
2.3.2 Electrical Connectors
2-5
2.3.3 Transmitter Characteristics 2-6
2.3.4 Receiver Characteristics 2-6
2.3.5 Terminator 2-7
2.4 INTERFACE SIGNALS 2-7
2.4.1 Input Control Lines 2-7
2.4.2 Output Lines 2-10
2.4.3 Data Lines
2-11
2.5 PROGRAM SHUNT MODULE '" 2-12
2.5.1 HS - Head Select Option 2-14
2.5.2
HM - Head Motor Option 2-14
2.5.3 Single-Drive Conflguration 2-14
2.5.4 Multiple-Drive Configuration 2-14
2.6 OPTIONS 2-14
3OPERATION PROCEDURES
3.1 GENERAL 3-1
3.2 DISKETTE _ 3-1
3.3 DISKETTE HANDLING 3-1
3.4 LOADING THE DISKETTE 3-2
3.5 WRITE PROTECT FEATURE 3-2
4THEORY
OF OPERATION
4.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRiPTION 4-1
4.1.1 Drive Select 4-1
4.1.2 Power-Up Mode 4-1
4.1.3 Head Load Signal Line (Option) 4-1
v

Section Paragraph
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Page
44.1.4
4.1.5
4.1.6
4.1.7
4.1.8
4.1.9
4.1.10
4.1.11
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
Seek Mode 4-3
Readl'Nrite Head 4-3
Sensors and Switches 4-3
Write Mode 4-4
Erase Mode 4-4
Read Mode 4-4
Power-Down Mode 4-4
Spindle Drive
Motor 4-4
POSITIONING CHARACTERISTICS ,4-5
DATA FORMAT ,4-5
Hard Sector Format 4-5
Soft Sector Format 4-6
5 MAINTENANCE
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.2
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.5
5.6
5.6.1
5.6.2
5.6.3
5.6.4
5.6.5
5.6.6
5.6.7
5.6.8
5.6.9
5.6.10
5.6.11
5.6.12
5.6.13
5.6.14
5.7
5.8
RELIABILITy 5-1
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBFl. 5-1
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) 5-1
Service Life 5-1
DIAGNOSTIC TECHN IQUES 5-1
ERROR RATES '" ., " .. 5-2
Write Error Rate 5-2
Read Error Rate 5-2
Seek Error Rate 5-2
ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION 5-2
Write Errors 5-3
Read Errors 5-3
ALIGNMENT DISKETTE 5-3
REMOVAL AND REINSTALLATION PROCEDURES 5-4
Front Bezel 5-4
Drive Motor Assembly 5-5
Stepper Motor and Lead Screw 5-5
Head and Carriage Assembly 5-6
Readl'Nrite Head-Load Pad 5-6
Spindle Hub and Pulley Assemblies 5-6
Carrier Frame Assembly 5-7
Write Protect Sensors and Diskette Guide Assemblies 5-7
Index Sensor Assembly .................................. .. 5-8
Index LED 5-8
Track 00 Switch 5-9
Servo Control PWB 5-9
Solenoid Assembly 5-10
Clutch Assembly 5-10
HEAD AMPLITUDE CHECK 5-11
ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURES 5-12
vi

Section
Paragraph
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Page
55.8.1 Motor Speed Adjustment Without Frequency Counter 5-13
5.8.2
Motor Speed Adjustment With Frequency Counter 5-13
5.8.3 ReadIWrite
Head- Load Pad Adjustment 5-13
5.8.4 Track
~0 Switch Adjustment 5-14
5.8.5 Track 00/39 Stop Adjustment 5-15
5.8.6 Index/Sector Timing Adjustment 5-16
5.8.7 Radial Alignment
of Head 5-17
5.8.8 Head-Load Bail Adjustment 5-17
5.8.9
Head- Load Solenoid Adjustment 5-19
Appendix ASPARE PARTS LIST
A-1
Appendix BASSEMBLY DRAWINGS AI\ID MATERIAL LISTS B-1
Appendix CLOGIC SCHEMATICS , C-1
Appendix D ILLUSTRATED PARTS BREAKDOWN D-'
vii

Figure
Title
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
2-1 Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive, Isometric View ,2-2
2-2 Outline
and Mounting Dimensions 2-3
2-3 Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive System Configuration
., 2-4
2-4 J1 Connector Dimensions 2-5
2-5
J2 Connector Outline 2-6
2-6
Termination Configuration 2-7
2-7 Interface Signals
and Input Power 2-8
2-8 Interface Timing Diagram 2·9
2-9 Index/Sector Timing 2·11
2-10
WriteTiming 2-12
2-11 Read Timing 2-13
2-12 Program Shunt Module "
., 2-13
3-1 Write Protect Feature 3-2
4-1 Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive, Block Diagram ,4-2
4-2 Hard·Sectored Format
for Single Density 4-6
4-3 Soft·Sectored Format 4-7
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-6
Test Point Locations 5-12
Track
00/39 Stop and Head· Load Pad Adjustment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-14
Track 00 Switch Adjustment ,5-15
Index/Sector Timing Adjustment 5-16
Head-Load Bail Adjustment 5-18
Head- Load Solenoid Adjustment. ................................. .. 5-19
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Title
Page
1-1
1-2
2·1
2-2
Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive Specification
1-4
Unformatted Data Capacity Specifications 1-5
Recommended Connectors - P1 2-5
Options 2-15
viii

SECTION 1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 SCOPE
This manual describes interfacing, operation, and maintenance
of the Model FDD100-5 Flexible
Disk Drive, and
is divided into the following five sections:
•Section 1General Description
•Section 2Installation and Interfacing
•Section 3Operation Procedures
•Section 4
Theory of Operation
•Section 5Maintenance
In this manual,
it is assumed the user has apractical understanding of floppy disk controllers; e.g.,
the Model FDC100-5 Controller, and of TTL and MOS LSI logic.
NOTE
The Company also offers aline
of intelligent
microfloppy controllers. Model FDC100-5 is a
single-density, single-head controller
for use
with the Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive, or its
equivalent. Model FDC200-5
is adouble-
density, dual-head
controller for use with the
Model FDD200-5 Disk Drive
or its equivalent.
1.2
INTRODUCTION
The Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive is ahigh-speed, random access device which stores data on and
retrieves data
from an oxide-coated, single-sided mylar diskette that is 5.125 inches (13.0175 em) in
diameter.
It provides ahighly reliable and compact solution to problems of low-cost data storage.
The Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive contains electronics
for Read, Write, Control, Step, and Direction
functions, and
for Status indications. The signal interface is aprinted wiring board (PWB) edge con-
nector
with apin arrangement that is compatible with the standard ANSI X3T9.2 configuration; the
,.,

PWB also has astandard DC power connector. The Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive has an unformatted
data storage capacity of 125K bytes on 40 tracks per diskette side. To obtain compatibility with
other disk drives that have less capacity, only the first 35 tracks are normally used. The first 35
tracks provide an unformatted data storage capacity of 1 09.4K bytes. Formatting the disk drive is a
function of the host system.
1.2.1
DOUBLE DENSITY
By using MFM, M2FM or GC Rdouble-density encoding techniques, unformatted data storage capac-
ity on the _single-sided diskette can be increased to 250K bytes (40 tracks) or 218.8K bytes (35
tracks). An optional system
that uses dual index and file protect sensors permits data storage on both
sides of adual-sided diskette. This option, coupled with double-density encoding techniques and ex-
tended
track capability, makes it possible to store up to 500K bytes of data on asingle diskette.
1.2.2
DAISY CHAIN CAPABILITY
Up to four Model FDD100-5 Disk Drives can be daisy chained on asingle bus. When all expanded
capacity features
of the disk drives are employed, atotal unformatted system capacity of two mega-
bytes is attainable.
1.2.3
APPLICATIONS
Options that can be selected and installed by the customer are available to broaden applications.
The Model
FDD100-5 Disk Drive can be used in the following applications:
A. Microcomputer program/load storage.
B. Power typing systems.
C. Microprocessor systems.
D. Word processing systems.
E. Desk-top calculators and portable computers.
F.
Text editing systems.
G. Smart terminals.
1-2

The Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive is also equipped with an interface that allows upward expansion of
the units within the system and future system enhancements with the larger floppy disk drives. AC
power requirements
have been eliminated through the use of a DC servo-controlled spindle-driven
motor.
1.2.4 HEAD CHARACTERISTICS
The read/write
head is of the single-gap type with trailing tunnel-erase structure to ensure inter-
change capability by enhancing off-track reading capability. The written track is 0.013 inch
(0.03302 cm) wide,
and the 40 tracks are centered at 1/48-inch (0.053-cm) intervals. The head
carriage is positioned by aprecision four-start lead screw that is driven by alow-power, permanent-
magnet stepper motor.
1.3 FEATURES
The Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive includes the following features:
A. Small
Size -compactness and light weight.
B. High Data Integrity -soft error rate not greater than one in 109bits.
C. Low Cost -competitive with cassette drives.
D. Compatible Media -industry-standard media and format ensures
interchangeability.
E. Gentle Media Handling -field proven patented positive operator
interlock extends media life,
and does not allow clutch to engage
diskette unless package is correctly positioned in disk drive.
F. Ceramic/Ferrite Heads -high reliability and long life.
G. Daisy-Chain Capability -up to four disk drives may be interconnected
on asingle bus.
H. Simplified Power Requirements - uses only +5 and +12 volts DC power.
I. Molded Construction - for rugged consistency and quality.
J. Write Protection -optical write inhibit protects data file.
K. High-Speed Head Positioner -provides track-to-track access time
of 25 milliseconds.
L. Industry Standard Tracks -allows use of up to 40 tracks and matches
industry standards
for the first 35 tracks.
M. Double-Density Recording -disk drive electronics and head are designed
for use with MFM, M2FM or GCR double-density encoding techniques
which enable up
to 250 Kbytes of unformatted data to be stored on each
side of adiskette.
1-3

1.4 SPECI F ICATIONS
Specifications for the Model FDDl 00-5 Disk Drive are listed in Table 1-1. Unformatted data capacity
specifications are listed in Table 1-2.
Table 1-1. Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive Specifications
GENERAL
Characteristics
Parameter
Track Density:
Rotational Speed:
Data Transfer Rate:
Access Ti
me -
Track-to-Track:
Average Random
Access Time:
Settle Time:
Average Latency:
Recording Density
(FM):
Data Flux Density:
Head Load Time:
Power-Up Delay:
35 Tracks
48 TPI
300
±. 3rpm
125K bits/sec
25
msec
298 msec
15 msec
100 msec
2581 BPI (inner track)
5162 fci (inner track)
50
msec
1 sec
PHYSICAL
40 Tracks
48 TPI
300
±. 3rpm
125K bits/sec
25
msec
340 msec
15 msec
100 msec
2768 BPI (inner track)
5536 fci (inner track)
50
msec
1 sec
Parameter
Height:
Width:
Length:
Net Weight:
Shipping Weight:
Media Requirements -
Type 820 (or equivalent):
Type 821 (or equivalent):
Type 822 (or equivalent):
Power:
Typical Power Dissipation:
Ch aracteristi cs
3.25 ±. 0.02 inches (in.) (8.255 ±. 0.0508 cm)
3.38
±. 0.02 in. (8.582 ±. 0.0508 em) over front bezel
5.75
±. 0.02 in. (14.605 ±. 0.0508 cm)
8.00 in. (20.32 cm) max.
3.5 pounds (1.5876 kg)
4.5 pounds (2.0412
kg)
Soft-Sector Format
10 Physical Sectors
16 Physical Sectors
+12VDC
±. 5%, 1.8A max., 0.80A typ.,
100 mV POp max. ripple
+5VDC ±. 5%,0.7 Amax., O.4A typ.,
50mV pop max. ripple
12W operating
7W standby
1-4

Table 1-1. Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive Specifications (continued)
ENVI RONIVIENTAL
Parameter Characteristics
Temperature
Range -
Operating: 4
to 460C(40 to 1150F)
Shipping
or Storage: -40
to 60
0C(-40
to 1400 F)
Wet Bulb (maximum):
36.30C(780 F)
Relative Humidity Range -
Operating: 20
to 80%, noncondensing
Shipping
or Storage: 5
to 95%, noncondensing
RE L1AB IL1TY
Parameter Characteristics
Mean
Time Between Failure (MTBF):
8500 hours (assume 25% power-on cycle for
spindle-drive motor)
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR):
0.5-hour
Media
Life (with approved media):
Not less than 3 x 106 passes per track
Design Life: 5years
Table 1-2. Unformatted Data Capacity Specifications
Single Density (FM) Double Density (IVlFM, M2FM)
Capacity Single Side Double Side Single Side Double Side
Track:
3.13K bytes 3.13K bytes
6.26K bytes 6.26K bytes
Diskette (35 Tracks): 109.4K bytes 218.8K bytes 218.8K bytes
437.6K bytes
(40 Tracks): 125.0K bytes 250.0K bytes
250.0K bytes 500.0K bytes
1-5

SECTION 2
INSTALLATION AND INTERFACE
2.1 UI\IPACKING AND INSPECTION
During unpacking and inspection, use the following procedure:
A. Remove contents of shipping container and inspect for in-transit
damage. If damage is evident, notify carrier and manufacturer.
Specify nature and extent of damage.
B. Verify that contents of shipping container agree with shipping
list. Notify aCompany representative if anything is missing.
C. Verify that model designation and serial number agree with those
on shipping invoice.
D. Inspect assemblies for loose hardware and connectors; if
necessary, tighten hardware.
2.2 II\lSTALLATION
The Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive may be mounted in one of the following positions:
A. Horizontally, with PWB facing up as shown in Figure 2-1.
B. Vertically, on either the right or left side, with the door
opening to one side or the other side.
C. Vertically, with the door opening upward.
D. Any combination of A, B, and/or C.
Figure 2-2 shows outline and mounting dimensions.
2.3 INTERFACE
Communication between the Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive and the controller is established through
an I/O cable. Power to the Model FDD100-5 Disk Drive is applied through aseparate cable. Input
interfacesignal lines are terminated by aresistor network that offers an impedance of 132 Ohms. For
ideal signal transmission, the input/output (I/O) cable should have acharacteristic impedance of
132 Ohms. Maximum cable length between the controller and the last disk drive should be not
greater than 10 feet (3.048 m).
2-1

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