Sonifex NICA X User manual

NICA X Codec System
Reference Manual

Important Note :
‘Appendix B - Regulatory Statement’ must be drawn to the users and installers attention before the use or
installation of this product
Sonifex Ltd, 2002
All Rights Reserved
Manual V7.00 August 2002, for software release 2.10, July 2001
Sonifex Ltd, 61, Station Road, Irthlingborough,
Northants, NN9 5QE, England.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://www.sonifex.co.uk
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the
part of the vendor. Sonifex Ltd shall not be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever arising from the use of
information or any error contained in this manual. Sonifex Ltd reserves the right to revise the information in this
Manual from time to time without notice.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, information storage and retrieval systems, for any purpose other than the
purchaser’s personal use, without the express written permission of Sonifex Ltd. Unless otherwise noted, all
names of companies, products and persons contained herein are part of a completely fictitious adaptation and are
designed solely to document the use of Sonifex product.

NICA X Reference Manual
CONTENTS
Warranty And Safety Information ...................................................................................................... i
Warranty and Liability..........................................................................................................i
Returning the Warranty Card ................................................................................................ ii
Unpacking the NICA X.......................................................................................................... ii
Safety of Mains Operated Equipment ..................................................................................... ii
Fuse Rating ........................................................................................................................ ii
Power Cable and Connection................................................................................................. ii
Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 - Overview.................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 - Coding Standards .............................................................................................. 1
1.1.2 - Line Interfaces .................................................................................................. 1
1.2 - Model Numbers And Specifications................................................................................. 2
Chapter 2 Connection Details And Indicators ...................................................................................... 3
2.1 - Power ........................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 - X.21 Ports .................................................................................................................. 3
2.3 - ISDN S Bus................................................................................................................. 3
2.4 - RS232 Remote Control Port .......................................................................................... 3
2.5 - Auxiliary RS232 Data Port ........................................................................................... 3
2.6 - Audio Inputs And Outputs............................................................................................. 3
2.7 - External Inputs ...........................................................................................................4
2.8 - External Outputs ......................................................................................................... 5
2.9 - Headphone Monitor And Level Indicators ........................................................................ 5
2.10 - Power Indicator ......................................................................................................... 5
2.11 - Frame Indicators - CH1, CH2....................................................................................... 5
2.12 - Loop Indicator ...........................................................................................................5
2.13 - Call Indicators ........................................................................................................... 5
2.14 - IMUX Indicator .......................................................................................................... 5
2.15 - Backup Indicator ....................................................................................................... 5
2.16- Level Indicators ..........................................................................................................5
Chapter 3 Operation........................................................................................................................ 6
3.1 - Codec Configuration..................................................................................................... 6
3.1.1 - apt-X100 Codec Specifics ................................................................................... 6
3.1.1.1 - Modes For apt-X100 ................................................................................ 6
3.1.1.2 - Coding Delays......................................................................................... 6
3.1.1.3 – Auto Synchronisation .............................................................................. 7
3.1.1.4 - CLEAR Mode ........................................................................................... 7
3.1.1.5 - IMUX Mode............................................................................................. 7
3.1.1.6 - Stereo/Mono Operation ............................................................................ 7
3.1.1.7 - Auxiliary Data ......................................................................................... 7
3.1.1.8 - Compatibility .......................................................................................... 8
3.1.2 - MPEGL2/G.722 Codec Specifics ........................................................................... 8
3.1.2.1 - Modes For MPEGL2 .................................................................................. 8
3.1.2.2 – G.722 Coding ......................................................................................... 8
3.1.2.3 - MPEGL2 Coding....................................................................................... 8
3.1.2.4 - Coding Delays......................................................................................... 8
3.1.2.5 - Stereo/Mono Operation ............................................................................ 9
3.1.2.6 - Compatibility .......................................................................................... 9
3.1.2.7 - Auxiliary Data ......................................................................................... 9
3.1.3 - Loop Back ........................................................................................................ 9
3.1.4 - CH1 Mic Or Line Input ........................................................................................ 9
3.1.5 – Mono Mix Of L & R Audio Inputs.......................................................................... 9
3.1.6 - X21 Clock Source .............................................................................................. 10
3.2 - X21 Breakout Port (NICA X-2 only) ................................................................................ 10
3.3 - Dip Switches – NICA X-1 .............................................................................................. 10
3.4 - Audio Inputs And Outputs............................................................................................. 11
3.4.1 - Audio Option Modules ........................................................................................ 11
3.5 - F1 & F2 Programmable Function Keys ............................................................................ 11
3.6 - External Inputs ...........................................................................................................12
3.7 - External Outputs ......................................................................................................... 12
3.8 - Pin Protection.............................................................................................................. 13
3.9 - Remote/Inband Control ................................................................................................ 13
Chapter 4 ISDN Terminal Adapter Configuration ................................................................................. 14
4.1 - Data Rate ................................................................................................................... 14
4.2 - Multiple Subscriber Numbering - MSN ............................................................................ 14
4.3 - B Channel Mapping ...................................................................................................... 14
4.4 - Sub Addressing ........................................................................................................... 14
4.5 - Call In Permit.............................................................................................................. 15
4.6 - Dialling Prefix.............................................................................................................. 15
4.7 - Timeout ..................................................................................................................... 15
4.8 - Buzzer On Call In/Drop ................................................................................................ 15
Chapter 5 Front Panel Control .......................................................................................................... 16

NICA X Reference Manual
5.1 - User Interface............................................................................................................. 16
5.2 - Power Up Top Menu..................................................................................................... 16
5.2 - Menu Tree .................................................................................................................. 16
5.3.1 - Auto Detect ...................................................................................................... 21
5.4 - Making An ISDN Call.................................................................................................... 21
5.4.1 - Making A Call From The Book.............................................................................. 21
5.4.2 - Making A Call With A Sub-Address ....................................................................... 22
5.5 - Clearing A Call – Stop .................................................................................................. 22
5.6 - Answering A Call ........................................................................................................ 22
5.7 - Call Termination Causes ............................................................................................... 23
5.8 - Book Entries ............................................................................................................... 24
Chapter 6 Backup Operation ............................................................................................................ 25
6.1 – Custom Applications.................................................................................................... 25
6.2 - Backup Configuration................................................................................................... 25
6.3 - Backup Display - NICA X-2 only .................................................................................... 27
6.4 – Operational Examples.................................................................................................. 28
6.5 - Audio Switch Module (Optional)..................................................................................... 32
6.6 – State Machine 2.......................................................................................................... 32
6.6.1 - Operating States ............................................................................................... 32
6.6.2 – User Interface .................................................................................................. 33
6.6.3 – Configuration ................................................................................................... 33
Chapter 7 Application Diagrams........................................................................................................ 35
Chapter 8 Remote Control Protocol ................................................................................................... 40
8.1 - Revision ..................................................................................................................... 40
8.2 - Introduction ............................................................................................................... 40
8.3 - Protocol ..................................................................................................................... 40
8.4 - Command List............................................................................................................. 41
Activate Relay (REL)............................................................................................................41
Answer Call (ANS)...............................................................................................................41
Book Dial (DBK).................................................................................................................. 41
Configure Backup - Enable Backup (CBE) ............................................................................... 41
Configure Backup - External Input (CBI) ................................................................................ 41
Configure Backup - General Settings (CBG) ............................................................................ 41
Configure Backup - ISDN numbers (CBN)............................................................................... 42
Configure Backup - Monitor Settings (CBM) ............................................................................ 42
Configure Backup - Primary Settings (CBP) ............................................................................ 42
Configure Backup - Reserve Settings (CBR) ............................................................................ 43
Configure Backup - Switch Backup (CBS) ............................................................................... 43
Configure Call Timeout Setting (CCT)..................................................................................... 43
Configure System PINS (PST) .............................................................................................. 43
Configure TA - Answer Option (CTA)...................................................................................... 44
Configure TA - Call Permit Numbers (CTN) ............................................................................. 44
Configure TA - Channel Settings (CTC) .................................................................................. 44
Edit Book Entry (BKE).......................................................................................................... 44
Enable/Disable LoopBack (LBK)............................................................................................. 44
Enable/Disable System Options (OPT).................................................................................... 45
Incoming Calling Line Identification (CLI) ............................................................................... 45
Information (INF)................................................................................................................ 45
Interface Revision (IFR) ....................................................................................................... 45
Manual Dial (DIL)................................................................................................................ 45
NICA X Status (STS) ........................................................................................................... 46
Null Command (NUL)........................................................................................................... 46
Present Pin (PIN) ................................................................................................................ 46
Programme Optical Input Commands (EXI) ............................................................................ 46
Read Inputs (RIP) ...............................................................................................................47
Read Relay Outputs (ROP) ................................................................................................... 47
Read Silence Detector (RTH) ................................................................................................ 47
Read System Switches (RSW)............................................................................................... 47
Reject Call (REJ) ................................................................................................................. 47
Select Relay Output Actions (EXO) ........................................................................................ 48
Select Remote Control Inband Enable (REM)........................................................................... 48
Set Auxiliary Data Rate (AUX)............................................................................................... 48
Set Codec Mode (MOD)........................................................................................................ 48
Signal Private User (SPU)..................................................................................................... 48
Sound System Buzzer (BUZ) ................................................................................................ 48
Stop Call (STP) ................................................................................................................... 49
System Reset (RES) ............................................................................................................ 49
8.5 - Response Codes .......................................................................................................... 49
Appendix A Connection Details ......................................................................................................... 50
A.1 X21 Ports ..................................................................................................................... 50
A.2 Auxiliary RS232 Data Port .............................................................................................. 50
A.3 Remote Control Port ...................................................................................................... 50
A.4 External Outputs ........................................................................................................... 51

NICA X Reference Manual
A.5 External Inputs .............................................................................................................51
A.6 Audio ........................................................................................................................... 51
Appendix B Regulatory Statement..................................................................................................... 52
B.1 - CE Marking ................................................................................................................. 52
B.2 - EMC Testing ...............................................................................................................52
B.3 - Electrostatic Discharge ................................................................................................. 52
B.4 - Radiated Immunity ...................................................................................................... 52
B.5 - Radiated Emissions...................................................................................................... 52
B.6 - TA Module .................................................................................................................. 52
B.7 - Safety & Approval Notice.............................................................................................. 52
Appendix C The apt-X100 Audio Data Compression System.................................................................. 53
C.1 - Introduction ............................................................................................................... 53
C.2 - Linear PCM Digital Audio Coding .................................................................................... 53
C.3 - Characteristics Of Audio ............................................................................................... 53
C.4 - ADPCM Audio Coding ................................................................................................... 54
C.5 - Sub-Band Coding ........................................................................................................ 54
C.6 - Backward Adaptive Quantisation ................................................................................... 54
C.7 - Linear Prediction .........................................................................................................54
C.8 - apt-X100 Sub-Band ADPCM ......................................................................................... 55
C.9 - Inherent Properties...................................................................................................... 55
Appendix D Specifications ................................................................................................................ 56

NICA X Reference Manual

NICA X Reference Manual
i
WARRANTY AND SAFETY INFORMATION
Warranty and Liability
Important: the purchaser is advised to read this clause
(a) The Company agrees to repair or (at its discretion) replace Goods which are found to be defective (fair wear
and tear excepted) and which are returned to the Company within 12 months of the date of despatch provided
that each of the following are satisfied:
(i) notification of any defect is given to the Company immediately upon its becoming apparent to the
Purchaser;
(ii) the Goods have only been operated under normal operating conditions and have only been subject to
normal use (and in particular the Goods must have been correctly connected and must not have been subject
to high voltage or to ionising radiation and must not have been used contrary to the Company's technical
recommendations);
(iii) the Goods are returned to the Company's premises at the Purchaser's expense;
(iv) any Goods or parts of Goods replaced shall become the property of the Company;
(v) no work whatsoever (other than normal and proper maintenance) has been carried out to the Goods or any
part of the Goods without the Company's prior written consent;
(vi) the defect has not arisen from a design made, furnished or specified by the Purchaser;
(vii) the Goods have been assembled or incorporated into other goods only in accordance with any instructions
issued by the Company;
(viii) the defect has not arisen from a design modified by the Purchaser;
(ix) the defect has not arisen from an item manufactured by a person other than the Company. In respect of
any item manufactured by a person other than the Company, the Purchaser shall only be entitled to the benefit of
any warranty or guarantee provided by such manufacturer to the Company.
(b) In respect of computer software supplied by the Company the Company does not warrant that the use of the
software will be uninterrupted or error free.
(c) The Company accepts liability:
(i) for death or personal injury to the extent that it results from the negligence of the Company, its employees
(whilst in the course of their employment) or its agents (in the course of the agency);
(ii) for any breach by the Company of any statutory undertaking as to title, quiet possession and freedom from
encumbrance.
(d) Subject to conditions (a) and (c) from the time of despatch of the Goods from the Company's premises the
Purchaser shall be responsible for any defect in the Goods or loss, damage, nuisance or interference whatsoever
consequential economic or otherwise or wastage of material resulting from or caused by or to the Goods. In
particular the Company shall not be liable for any loss of profits or other economic losses. The Company
accordingly excludes all liability for the same.
(e) At the request and expense of the Purchaser the Company will test the Goods to ascertain performance levels
and provide a report of the results of that test. The report will be accurate at the time of the test, to the best of
the belief and knowledge of the Company, and the Company accepts no liability in respect of its accuracy beyond
that set out in Condition (a).
(f) Subject to Condition (e) no representation, condition, warranty or other term, express or implied (by statute or
otherwise) is given by the Company that the Goods are of any particular quality or standard or will enable the
Purchaser to attain any particular performance or result, or will be suitable for any particular purpose or use under
specific conditions or will provide any particular capacity, notwithstanding that the requirement for such
performance, result or capacity or that such particular purpose or conditions may have been known (or ought to
have been known) to the Company, its employees or agents.
(g) (i) To the extent that the Company is held legally liable to the Purchaser for any single breach of contract, tort,
representation or other act or default, the Company's liability for the same shall not exceed the Price of the
Goods.
(ii) The restriction of liability in Condition (g)(i) shall not apply to any liability accepted by the Seller in
Condition (c).
(h) Where the Goods are sold under a consumer transaction (as defined by the Consumer Transactions
(Restrictions on Statements) Order 1976) the statutory rights of the Purchaser are not affected by these
Conditions of Sale.

NICA X Reference Manual
ii
Returning the Warranty Card
In order to register the date of purchase so that we can keep you informed of any design improvements or
modifications, it is important to complete the warranty registration document that is enclosed with the product and
return it to Sonifex Ltd in the UK.
For your own records you should write down the serial number (which can be found on the rear of the NICA X) and
software versions.
Serial Number ……………………….
Unpacking the NICA X
Each NICA X is shipped in protective packaging and should be inspected for damage before use. Where an item is
found to have transit damage, notify your supplier immediately with all the relevant details of the shipment.
Packing materials should be kept for inspection and also for if the product needs to be returned.
Safety of Mains Operated Equipment
This equipment has been designed to meet the safety regulations currently advised in the country of
purchase and it conforms to the safety regulations specified by use of the CE Mark.
The power supply is rated to 90 - 250VAC at 47 – 63Hz.
Warning : There are no user serviceably parts inside the machine. If you should ever need to look inside the unit,
always disconnect the mains supply before removing the equipment covers.
Fuse Rating
The NICA X has an internal fuse for the Live mains input, which is rated at 2.5A.
Power Cable and Connection
An IEC power connector is supplied with the NICA X which has a moulded plug attached – this is a legal
requirement. If no moulded plug has been supplied with your NICA X, please contact your supplier, because an
IEC connector is always supplied from the Sonifex factory.
If for any reason, you need to use the Net-Log with a different power cable, you should use the following wiring
guidelines
Wire Colour Connection
Green, or green and yellow Earth (E)
Blue, or Black Neutral (N)
Brown, or Red Live (L)

NICA X Reference Manual
1
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 - Overview
This Reference Manual is written for the NICA X Codec System manufactured by Sonifex Ltd. The NICA X digital
audio codec system is described as a “codec system” for good reason. The NICA X is a highly configurable
intelligent codec which can be configured by the user to suit several different modes of operation.
All the modes of operation are available in the standard unit - there are no optional extras apart from a
microphone amplifier card and an audio switch card. It is up to the user how much or how little of the functionality
of the NICA X is employed.
The principal choices are as follows:
1.1.1 - Coding Standards
The NICA X is a multi-standard codec system which supports G.722, MPEG Layer 2, and apt-X100 coding.
There are two codec card options which may be installed in the NICA X.
1. G.722 and MPEG Layer 2 card
2. apt-X100 card
The 1U versions of the NICA X only accept one card of your choice. The 2U version can accept two cards; the
combinations being:
1 x apt-X100 and 1 x MPEG/G.722
or
2 x MPEG/G.722
The apt-X100 card is capable of 7.5kHz mono audio at 64kbit/s and 15kHz mono audio at 128kbit/s.
The NICA X is the only codec, other than APT Ltd.’s own codecs, to employ APT’s Inverse Multiplexing Algorithm.
This means that the NICA X is unique in being able to communicate over ISDN at 15kHz mono audio bandwidth,
with APT Ltd.’s stereo capable codecs, such as the DSM100 and the BCF256.
The 7.5kHz “clear” mode, and the 15kHz “IMUX” mode is auto-detected in the NICA X so there is no need for
manual intervention.
When two codec cards are installed in a single NICA X unit, the user can operate the system either as two discreet
codecs, or as one codec capable of auto-detecting any incoming mode, for example an auto-detect G.722, MPEG
L2, apt-X100 codec.
1.1.2 - Line Interfaces
The NICA X can be operated on X21 and/or ISDN S Bus line interfaces.
On the X21 connection, the NICA X can be connected to a fixed point-to-point digital service, such as kilostream,
in order to achieve a high bandwidth stereo audio connection using either MPEG Layer 2 or apt-X100 coding.
The NICA X’s maximum data rate over the X21 interface is 256kbit/s.
Over the ISDN S Bus connection, the NICA X provides the following bandwidth:
Using G.722 64kbit/s 7.5kHz mono audio bandwidth
Using MPEG 64kbit/s 8kHz mono audio bandwidth at 48kHz sampling
10kHz mono audio bandwidth at 24kHz sampling
Using apt-X100 64kbit/s 7.5kHz mono audio bandwidth
128kbit/s 15kHz mono audio bandwidth
128kbit/s 7.5kHz stereo audio bandwidth
The NICA X can be used as a dedicated fixed line or ISDN codec. Alternatively, in applications where both types of
services are employed - Studio-to-Transmitter Links for example, the NICA X can support both fixed and ISDN
lines.
This means the NICA X can be used to provide stereo audio main feed to the transmitter plus an on-line ISDN
backup service which automatically switches in if the main line fails. Both fixed service and ISDN service can be
connected to the same NICA X, or if redundancy in hardware is required, then the fixed and ISDN services can
each be connected to a dedicated NICA X codec with active monitoring taking place between the two codecs.
We hope that these extensive features within the NICA X will help you now, and in the future, to create innovative
and cost effective digital audio communication solutions.

NICA X Reference Manual
2
1.2 - Model Numbers And Specifications
Model Number ISDN TA APTX100
Codec
MPEG/
G722 - 1
Codec
MPEG/
G722 - 2
Codec
1U or 2U
unit
Keypad
& LCD
NICA X-1A NO YES NO NO 1U NO
NICA X-1M NO NO YES NO 1U NO
NICA X-1AT YES YES NO NO 1U NO
NICA X-1MT YES NO YES NO 1U NO
NICA X-2A YES YES NO NO 2U YES
NICA X-2M YES NO YES NO 2U YES
NICA X-2AM YES YES YES NO 2U YES
NICA X-2MM YES NO YES YES 2U YES
NICA X-2AX NO YES NO NO 2U YES
NICA X-2MX NO NO YES NO 2U YES
NICA X-2AMX NO YES YES NO 2U YES
NICA X-2MMX NO NO YES YES 2U YES

NICA X Reference Manual
3
CHAPTER 2 CONNECTION DETAILS AND INDICATORS
Please refer to Appendix A for detailed pin connection information. You should also read Appendix B, a Regulatory
Statement, on the electrical safety of the codec.
2.1 - Power
WARNING: This equipment must be earthed.
This unit is mains powered via an IEC filtered inlet for 90 – 250V supply. There is an internal fuse for the Live
mains input. An IEC power cable is provided.
The power switch is double poled, switching the Live and Neutral.
The enclosure is earthed via an internal earth stud.
2.2 - X.21 Ports
The NICA X has two X.21 ports for connection to an ISDN Terminal Adapter or Leased Line modem etc. The ports
are 15 way D-type female connectors.
The NICA X normally derives its clock from the X.21 interface. The X.21 clock can be 56kbit/s to 256kbit/s
depending on the Mode of operation (see section 3.1). Also the NICA X can generate its own internal clock for use
on X.21 circuits where the clock is not provided (see section 3.1.5 ).
The X.21 ports are leased circuit interfaces restricting their use to clock and data only.
Note for NICA X-2 only :
The NICA X-2 has an X.21 DCE port (Breakout) available for use as Port 2 of the integral Terminal Adapter. This
can be used for the connection of an external codec. The port is a 15 way D-type female connector.
To use this port the Mode setting of Channel 2 must be set for Breakout use. (see section 3.2). This port can be
set to operate at 56kbit/s or 64kbit/s.
2.3 - ISDN S Bus
The ISDN S Bus RJ45 connector should be connected to the ISDN2 termination box using the cable provided.
Note: The ISDN TA is optional in both NICA X-1 and NICA X-2 units
2.4 - RS232 Remote Control Port
The RS232 Remote Control Port connector is a 9 way D-type female connector. The supported signals are RXD,
TXD, and GND.
There are also optional RS485 connections for connecting multiple NICA X units on a common bus.
2.5 - Auxiliary RS232 Data Port
The Auxiliary RS232 data port is a 9 way D-type male connector. Signals supported are RX, TX , RTS and CTS.
Two ports are provided on the one connector for units with two codecs fitted.
The auxiliary data port must be enabled at both ends of a link. The baud rate is variable between 1200 and 9600
for APTX100 codecs and fixed at 1200 baud for MPEG codecs. To enable the port and to set the baud rate, see
sections 3.1.1.7 and 3.1.2.7. In Debug mode this port provides access to the ISDN TA management port at 9600
baud.
2.6 - Audio Inputs And Outputs
There are two analogue audio inputs and two analogue audio outputs which use 3 pin XLR connectors. They are
electronically balanced line level inputs with a high impedance input and low impedance output. There is an
optional Microphone Input Module allowing CH1 INPUT to take a microphone.
The maximum headroom is 12dBu for APTX100 codecs and 18dBu for MPEG/G722 codecs and it has 0dBu gain
through the encode and decode path. The audio bandwidth depends on the coding mode selected - See section
3.1.1.1 and 3.1.2.1 for further information.

NICA X Reference Manual
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2.7 - External Inputs
The External Input connector is a 15 way D-Type female connector. There are 8 external optically isolated inputs.
They are high sensitivity opto coupled LED's with common anodes and a series 1K5 resistor.
The input can be driven by 5V logic, by switches using an external excitation supply (4.75 - 12.6V) or using the
supply voltage (12V nominal) provided on the External Input connector.
ion = 1.5mA min.
imax = 10mA.
Isolation Voltage = 48V max
Excitation Voltage = 4.75-15V max
The External Inputs can be programmed to perform any command in the system. Some common uses are to :-
Trigger dialling Book entries,
Change Codec Mode,
Trigger Backup functions,
COMMON
IN1
R
+
4.75 -
12.6V
Isolated Switch Inputs Using External Power Supply
COMMON
IN1
R
Switch Inputs Using Internal Power Supply
+12VX
GND
External Logic
COMMON
IN1
R
GND
VCC

NICA X Reference Manual
5
2.8 - External Outputs
The External Output connector is a 15 way D-Type female connector. There are 8 external isolated relay outputs
which are Normally Open (NO) contacts with one shared common connection. The relay contacts are rated at
1A@24Vdc and 0.5A@120Vac.
The External Relay Outputs can be programmed to switch depending on a number of circumstances for example:-
Framing indication
Backup mode running
ISDN Call Up
2.9 - Headphone Monitor And Level Indicators
The headphone monitor connector is a ¼ inch stereo jack socket for A type jack plugs. The level is adjusted using
the volume control buttons on the front panel.
The Monitor section also has a level indicator for CH1 and CH2 with a range from -15dBu to +12dBu in 3dB steps
The audio monitored can be selected as one of the modes A, B, C or D, by pressing the two volume keys
together:-
Mode Channel 1 Channel 2
AInput Input
BOutput Output
CInput Output
D (only if Mic module fitted) Microphone Input Output
The CH1/CH2 LED’s indicate the selection.
2.10 - Power Indicator
The power indicator is a green LED which indicates that the internal DC voltage is good.
2.11 - Frame Indicators - CH1, CH2
There are green LED decoder framing indicators for channels 1 and 2. These indicate that the DATA channels have
synchronised/framed to the incoming clock and data. These will only illuminate if the correct format data is present
i.e. the correct type of codec is at the remote end for the mode set at the NICA X.
If in Autodetect Mode, these indicators will flash whilst the unit is hunting for the correct Mode. This only occurs
when an ISDN call is active or an X.21 interface is active. See sections 3.1.1.1 and 3.1.2.1 for mode settings.
2.12 - Loop Indicator
The loop indicator is a red LED. This indicates that the unit is set to loopback. See section 3.1.3.
2.13 - Call Indicators
The Call 1 and Call 2 indicators are red LED's. They indicate that an ISDN call is present on Channel 1 and Channel
2 of the Terminal Adapter respectively. On power up these LED’s will flash during the ISDN Terminal Adapter reset.
2.14 - IMUX Indicator
The IMUX indicator is a yellow LED. This indicates that the unit is set to an IMUX coding mode. See section 3.1.1.
2.15 - Backup Indicator
The BACKUP indicator is a yellow LED with the following functions :
ON - This indicates that the unit is currently in the backup state.
FLASHING - This indicates that the Primary has failed and the unit is running in Reserve or trying to establish
Reserve.
See Chapter 6 for more information on the Backup Function.
2.16- Level Indicators
The level indicators represent the audio level as presented to the CH1 and CH2 audio outputs. The are purely for
indication of audio present and should not be used for calibration of levels.

NICA X Reference Manual
6
CHAPTER 3 OPERATION
There are a number of ways the NICA X may be operated. The table below gives 3 scenarios and the relevant
sections in the manual.
Manual sections
NICA X-2 operated from front panel keypad and LCD display 5
NICA X-1 configured from front panel dipswitches 3.3
NICA X-1/2 operated via the remote control port 8
There are a number of applications which the NICA X can be used for. The table below gives 5 scenarios and the
relevant sections in the manual
Manual sections
NICA X-2 Operation on ISDN 5, 7.1
NICA X-1 Operation on ISDN controlled via remote port 8, 7.1
Operation on a fixed data link 7.2
Operation on a fixed data link with ISDN backup 7.3,6
Operation as a backup Codec to an external service 7.4,6
3.1 - Codec Configuration
Before the NICA X can be used the Codec first has to be set to the correct mode. The NICA X can be set into the
correct Mode using :-
•DIP Switches on the NICA X-1 - see section 3.3
•Keypad and Display on the NICA X-2 - see section 5
•Remote Control Port on the NICA X-1 and NICA X-2 - see section 8
The sections below give information on the two types of codecs.
3.1.1 - apt-X100 Codec Specifics
The following information is relevant to NICA X units fitted with an apt-X100 codec card.
3.1.1.1 - Modes For apt-X100
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - CONFIG
- MODE
MOD 9,10,11,12
The tables below list the Codec Modes for apt-X100 versions
apt-X100
Mode Name
Max. Audio
Bandwidth
Audio
Mode
Data
Rate kbit/s
Data
Mode
Data
Interface
0None Set - - - - -
1Auto Detect - - - - ISDN/X21
2APT ISDN Clr-M 7.5KHz Mono 64 Clear ISDN
3APT ISDN IMUX-M 15KHz Mono 2 x 64 * IMUX ISDN
4APT ISDN IMUX-S 7.5KHz Stereo 2 x 64 * IMUX ISDN
5APT X21 64k-M 7.5KHz Mono 64 Clear X21
6APT X21 128k-M 15KHz Mono 128 Clear X21
7APT X21 128k-S 7.5KHz Stereo 128 Clear X21
8APT X21 256K-S 15KHz Stereo 256 Clear X21
9APT X21 IMUX-M 15KHz Mono 2 x 64 * IMUX X21
10 APT X21 IMUX-S 7.5KHz Stereo 2 x 64 * IMUX X21
* These modes will operate on 1x 64k channel as well as 2 x 64k channels
3.1.1.2 - Coding Delays
The coding delay of the apt-X100 algorithm is considerably lower than other coding techniques such as MPEG. The
information below gives the delay of an encode/decode path of a NICA X. i.e. the delay between your input audio
locally and the output audio remotely. These figures do not take account of the transmission delays of the digital
service or ISDN service. However assuming there are no satellite hops involved this should be insignificant.

NICA X Reference Manual
7
Coding Mode Coding Delay
APT 64k mono ~ 13mS
APT 256k stereo ~ 5mS
APT IMUX 2 x 64k mono ~ 13mS
APT 64k mono over ISDN (local call) ~ 17mS
3.1.1.3 – Auto Synchronisation
When operating in a CLEAR Date Mode, the NICA X sets the auto synchronisation mode of the apt-X100 chip to
automatically synchronise to the incoming data stream. In an IMUX mode the Autosync is not required as the
IMUX process itself deals with the synchronisation of the audio data stream.
3.1.1.4 - CLEAR Mode
CLEAR mode will only operate at 64kbit/s on 1 channel of ISDN to give 7.5kHz mono audio. On a fixed data
service such as a Kilostream, Satellite link or Microwave link, the NICA X can operate at either 64k, 128k or 256k.
The clock can be provided by the network or internally by the NICA X.
The CLEAR mode enables the unit to operate with other products using aptX-100 coding on just 64kbit/s.
3.1.1.5 - IMUX Mode
The IMUX mode employs APT's inverse multiplexing technique known as MUCAS. This links two 64kbit/s channels
together, taking into account any delays between the two data stream clocks and any slippage, to give a 128kbit/s
data stream which the codec can then utilise.
In IMUX mode the NICA X will operate at 7.5kHz mono over 64kbit/s, 15kHz mono over 2x64kbit/s and 7.5kHz
stereo over 2x64kbit/s.
3.1.1.6 - Stereo/Mono Operation
In CLEAR mode the NICA X can operate in mono over 64kbit/s, mono or stereo at 128kbit/s, and stereo only at
256kbit/s.
With IMUX modes the stereo operation is only relevant for 2 x 64kbit/s data channels. To operate in stereo mode
in IMUX, only one unit needs to be set to stereo as the other unit will automatically change to stereo.
In IMUX mode the NICA X can operate in mono mode at 7.5kHz audio bandwidth over 64kbit/s and 15kHz audio
bandwidth over 2x64kbit/s. In IMUX mode the NICA X can operate in stereo mode at 7.5kHz audio bandwidth over
2x64kbit/s.
If the unit is operating in stereo mode and one 64kbit/s data channel is lost, then the unit will continue to operate
at 7.5kHz mono.
The table below summarises the variations.
Data 64kbit/s
IMUX mode
2 x 64kbit/s
IMUX mode
Mono
mode
7.5kHz 15kHz
Stereo
mode
7.5kHz
Mono
7.5kHz
Stereo
3.1.1.7 - Auxiliary Data
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 6.AUXDATA
AUX 6,7,8
If enabled the auxiliary data uses part of the audio data stream. Therefore the audio quality is slightly affected by
the reduction in data bits used to represent the audio. The higher the baud rate, the more data is "stolen" from
the audio data. The apt-X100 Codec can operate at 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 baud rate.
The auxiliary data channel within the audio data stream is only active when enabled. It will only operate with
another codec which has the auxiliary data enabled. The baud rate between two units is determined by the unit
with the highest setting. The auxiliary data can be used in any mode e.g. Mono/Stereo, CLEAR/IMUX
NOTE: If a codec has the auxiliary data enabled and connects to a codec with it disabled the audio will be
corrupted.

NICA X Reference Manual
8
3.1.1.8 - Compatibility
Clear Mode
In CLEAR mode the NICA X will operate with the Nicral NICA64, NICA128, KW, SystemBase, and Glensound apt-
X100 codecs, APT's DSM100, APT's DTR128 Reporter, Nicral RePORT and RePORT2 (apt-X100 based).
IMUX Mode
In IMUX mode the NICA X will operate with the Nicral NICA128, APT's DTR128 Reporter, APT's DSM100 with IMUX
card, and APT’s BCF256.
3.1.2 - MPEGL2/G.722 Codec Specifics
The following information is relevant to NICA X units fitted with an MPEG codec.
3.1.2.1 - Modes For MPEGL2
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - CONFIG
- MODE
MOD 9,10,11,12
The tables below list the Codec Modes for MPEGL2 versions
MPEG/G.722
Mode Name
Max. Audio
Bandwidth
Audio
Mode
Data
Rate kbit/s
Algorithm Data
Interface
0None Set - - - - -
1Auto Detect - - - - ISDN/X21
15 G722 ISDN-M 7.5 kHz Mono 64 G.722 ISDN
16 L2 24KS ISDN-M 10 kHz Mono 64 MPEGL2 ISDN
17 L2 48KS ISDN-M 8.25 kHz Mono 64 MPEGL2 ISDN
18 L2 24KS X21-M 10 kHz Mono 64 - 128* MPEGL2 X21
19 L2 48KS X21-M 8.25 - 15 kHz Mono 64 - 128* MPEGL2 X21
20 L2 48KS X21-DM 8.25 - 15 kHz DM 64 - 128* MPEGL2 X21
21 L2 48KS X21-JS 8.25 - 15 kHz Stereo 64 - 128* MPEGL2 X21
* These modes will operate on one X21 channel at either 64k or 128k
3.1.2.2 – G.722 Coding
This is ITU-T G.722 and uses statistical framing to encode/decode. There is only one mode associated with G.722
which gives 7.5kHz mono audio over 64kbit/s. The sample rate is 16kHz.
Note: It is a feature of statistical framing that a G.722 decoder will not frame to silence. Therefore, audio must be
input to the encode end for a decoder to frame. Also G.722 coding does not encode 1kHz tones very well.
3.1.2.3 - MPEGL2 Coding
ISO/MPEG-1 Layer II (ISO/IEC 11172-3)
ISO/MPEG-2 Layer II (ISO/IEC 13818-3)
The MPEGL2 coding modes are detailed in the table above. The MPEGL2 codec does not have any IMUX modes and
therefore can operate over 64kbit/s channels for ISDN applications, or up to 128kbit/s for fixed data link
applications. At 64kbit/s the MPEGL2 modes can give up to 10kHz audio bandwidth. On a 128kbit/s fixed data link
the NICA X can give 15kHz audio bandwidth in mono, stereo or dual mono.
On a fixed data service such as a Kilostream, Satellite link or Microwave link, the NICA X can operate at either 64k
or 128k. The clock can be provided by the network or internally by the NICA X at 128k
3.1.2.4 - Coding Delays
The information below gives the delay of an encode/decode path of a NICA X. i.e. the delay between your input
audio locally and the output audio remotely. These figures do not take account of the transmission delays of the
digital service or ISDN service. However assuming there are no satellite hops involved this should be insignificant.
Coding Mode Coding Delay
MPEGL2 48khz sample rate mono 64k ~ 74mS
MPEGL2 24kHz sample rate mono 64k ~ 136mS

NICA X Reference Manual
9
3.1.2.5 - Stereo/Mono Operation
The MPEGL2 modes can only give stereo operation over a fixed data link. The Dual Mono mode gives two
independent audio channels with 10kHz bandwidth at 128kbit/s. The Joint Stereo mode gives 15kHz stereo audio
bandwidth at 128kBit/s.
3.1.2.6 - Compatibility
The MPEG codec in the NICA X is compatible with all G.722 (statistical framing) codecs and all MPEG-1 codecs at
48K sample rate and all MPEG-2 codecs at 24K sample rate. These are only relevant for 64kbit/s operation.
3.1.2.7 - Auxiliary Data
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 6.AUXDATA
AUX 6,7,8
The auxiliary data uses part of the audio data stream. Therefore the audio quality is slightly affected by the
reduction in data bits used to represent the audio. The MPEG Codec operates at only 1200 baud rate.
The auxiliary data channel within the data stream is always available, and is activated when data is sent.
Therefore, the data capacity of a link is used for audio data unless auxiliary data is present.
3.1.3 - Loop Back
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 4.LOOP
LBK 5
Loopback will encode the input audio and decode it to the output. It will operate in the mode as set, i.e. apt-x100
or MPEGL2. If in an MPEG mode, a clock must be available, i.e. an ISDN call must be active, or an X.21 active or
the internal clock enabled.
When in loopback the unit cannot link to a remote codec.
3.1.4 - CH1 Mic Or Line Input
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 5.OPTIONS
- 1.AUDIO
OPT 4
A microphone can be connected directly to a NICA X by fitting an optional internal module. If the module is not
present, the menu will not appear for MIC/LINE selection.
The MIC/LINE setting for audio input CH1 is set to take a Line level or Microphone level input. This can be set from
the DIP switches (NICA X-1), front panel keypad (NICA X-2), or from the remote control port.
The Microphone input level can be adjusted at the monitor section. Depress both volume keys together until CH1 is
flashing. This indicates the Microphone Input level is displayed on the CH1 level indicator. The Volume keys now
can be used to adjust the Gain of the Microphone input.
To exit this mode, simultaneously press the two volume keys again and this will return the CH1 and CH2 LED’s to
line level indication.
3.1.5 – Mono Mix Of L & R Audio Inputs
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 5.OPTIONS
- 1.AUDIO
OPT
The Mono Sum of L & R input is an optional feature with the Audio Switch Module Issue 2. This module is fitted
internally. If the module is not present the menu will not appear for Mono Sum of L & R selection.

NICA X Reference Manual
10
If Mono Sum of L & R is set to ON then audio input to both CH1 and CH2 audio input connectors will be summed
together, but ONLY if the codec is set so that channel 1 is in a Mono mode. This is very useful when providing
mono ISDN backup to a stereo Primary service.
3.1.6 - X21 Clock Source
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 5.OPTIONS
- 2.X21 CLOCK
OPT
In X21 modes the NICA X can either use an external clock provided on the X21 interface or it can generate its own
internal clock. This may be useful on leased digital circuits where a clock is not provided.
3.2 - X21 Breakout Port (NICA X-2 only)
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - CONFIG
- MODE
set 24.BREAKOUT
MOD
The NICA X-2 has an X21 DCE port for use on port 2 of the internal Terminal Adapter for connection of an external
codec. To use this port the CH2 mode must be set to Mode “24.Breakout”. (see section 3.1.1.1 and 3.1.2.1). All
ISDN calls on channel 2 will now route the data to the X21 breakout port.
When in CH2 mode is set to “Breakout”, the NICA X internal codec can only operate on channel 1 of the ISDN.
3.3 - Dip Switches – NICA X-1
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION None RSW
There is a row of 12 DIP switches on the front of the NICA X-1 allowing a number of parameters to be set. A cover
plate is provided to cover the DIP switches to avoid tampering.
Note that the mode settings for the codec depend on the type of codec fitted - either APTX100 or MPEG.
The following table details the function of each switch.
Table 1 – NICA X-1 Dipswitch Functions
Switch Function Setting (ON = Down, OFF = Up)
1SWITCH PRIORITY ON = switches overwrite internal configuration
2BACKUP ON = enable backup mode
3INBAND CONTROL ON = enable inband control
4MIC I/P ENABLE ON = set CH1 input to Microphone levels
5LOOPBACK ENABLE ON = set codec into loopback
6AUX PORT ENABLE ON = enable auxiliary data channel
7AUX BAUDRATE - 2 Index to table 2 below for baud rate settings
8AUX BAUDRATE - 1 Index to table 2 below for baud rate settings
9MODE Index to table 3/4 below for Mode setting
10 MODE Index to table 3/4 below for Mode setting
11 MODE Index to table 3/4 below for Mode setting
12 MODE Index to table 3/4 below for Mode setting
Table 2 – Auxiliary Baud Rate Settings
SW 7 SW 8 Aux Baud Rate
OFF OFF 1200
OFF ON 2400
ON OFF 4800
ON ON 9600

NICA X Reference Manual
11
Table 3 – apt-x100 Codec Mode Dipswitch Settings
SW9 SW10 SW11 SW12 Mode
OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 - AUTO DETECT
OFF OFF OFF ON 2 - APT ISDN Clear-Mono
OFF OFF ON OFF 3 - APT ISDN IMUX-Mono
OFF OFF ON ON 4 - APT ISDN IMUX-Stereo
OFF ON OFF OFF 5 - APT X21 64k-Mono
OFF ON OFF ON 6 - APT X21 128k-Mono
OFF ON ON OFF 7 - APT X21 128k-Stereo
OFF ON ON ON 8 - APT X21 256K-Stereo
ON OFF OFF OFF 9 - APT X21 IMUX-Mono
ON OFF OFF ON 10 - APT X21 IMUX-Stereo
Table 4 - MPEGL2 Codec Mode Dipswitch Settings
SW9 SW10 SW11 SW12 Mode
OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 - AUTO DETECT
OFF OFF OFF ON 15 - G722 ISDN-M
OFF OFF ON OFF 16 - L2 24KS ISDN-M
OFF OFF ON ON 17 - L2 48KS ISDN-M
OFF ON OFF OFF 18 - L2 24KS X21-M
OFF ON OFF ON 19 - L2 48KS X21-M
OFF ON ON OFF 20 - L2 48KS X21-DM
OFF ON ON ON 21 - L2 48KS X21-JS
3.4 - Audio Inputs And Outputs
The Audio Inputs and Outputs will have different uses depending on the type of NICA X and the current
configuration. The table below details :-
NICA X type
mode setting
Audio Input
XLR CH1
Audio Input
XLR CH2
Audio Output
XLR CH1
Audio Output
XLR CH2
NICA X-1A/1AT/2A APT-CH1 * APT-CH2 APT-CH1 ** APT-CH2 **
NICA X-1M/1MT/2M MPEG-CH1 * MPEG-CH2 MPEG-CH1** MPEG-CH2**
NICA X-2AM
Ch 1 APT mode
Ch 2 no mode/APT mode
APT-CH1 APT-CH2 APT-CH1 APT-CH2
NICA X-2AM
Ch 1 MPEG mode
Ch 2 APT mode
MPEG-CH1 APT-CH1 MPEG-CH1 APT-CH2
NICA X-2MM
Ch 1 MPEG1 mode
Ch 2 no mode
MPEG1-CH1 MPEG1-CH2 MPEG1-CH1 MPEG1-CH2
NICA X-2MM
Ch 1 MPEG1 mode
Ch 2 MPEG2 mode
MPEG1-CH1 MPEG2-CH1 MPEG1-CH1 MPEG2-CH1
* mono inputs must be applied to channel 1 audio input XLR
** mono outputs are available on channel 1 and channel 2 audio output XLR
3.4.1 - Audio Option Modules
The NICA X has an internal position for an Audio Option Module. The available options are :-
Module Feature See manual section
NIX05 Issue 1 Audio Switcher for Backup operation 6.3
NIX05 Issue 2 Audio Switcher for Backup operation with CH1
and CH2 mono sum.
6.3 and 3.1.5
NIX03 Issue 3 Microphone Amp 3.1.4
3.5 - F1 & F2 Programmable Function Keys
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP
SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 8.I/O
- 1.INPUT TYPE
& 2.INPUT COMMAND
EXI

NICA X Reference Manual
12
The two function keys can be programmed to perform any command in the system. Effectively they are
programmed with a remote control command. This means they can also perform inband control of the remote
codec as well as the local codec. The Function keys will override the DIP Switch settings currently set on a NICA X-
1 unit.
The function keys are programmed either from the front panel keypad and display (see section 5) (NICA X-2) or
from the remote control port (see section 8). The function keys can be set to perform a latching or momentary
type action and can also perform an A and B command relating to the key press.
Here are some examples :-
1. If set to latching action, pressing the key will perform command A and releasing the key will perform command
B, e.g. Loopback ON when key depressed, Loopback OFF when key released.
2. If set to momentary action, pressing and releasing will perform command A and pressing and releasing again
will perform command B, e.g. pressing the key will toggle between one mode and another mode.
3. If F1 and F2 are set to latching action, with just command A used on both F1 and F2, pressing and releasing F1
could dial a Book entry, and pressing and releasing F2 could clear down all ISDN calls.
3.6 - External Inputs
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL
DIP
SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 8.I/O
- 1.INPUT TYPE
& 2.INPUT COMMAND
EXI
RIP (reads
input state)
The external inputs are 8 optically isolated inputs (see Appendix A.5 for connection details). The external inputs
can be programmed to perform any command in the system. Effectively they are programmed with a remote
control command. This means they can also perform inband control of the remote codec as well as the local codec.
The external input command will override the DIP Switch settings currently set on a NICA X-1 unit.
The external inputs are programmed either from the front panel keypad and display (see section 5) (NICA X-2) or
from the remote control port (see section 8). In a new system they are factory set to perform dial of BOOK entry
101 on input 1 through to dial BOOK entry 108 on input 8. These, of course, can be changed to any command.
The external inputs can be set to perform a latching or momentary type action and can also perform an A and B
command relating to the active or inactive state. Here are some examples:-
1. If set to latching action, taking an input high will perform command A and taking it low will perform command
B, e.g. Loopback ON when active, Loopback OFF when inactive.
2. If set to momentary action, pulsing an input high to low will perform command A and pulsing again will
perform command B, e.g. pulses will toggle between one mode and another mode.
3.7 - External Outputs
Quick Reference Table
MEANS OF
CONTROL MENU
REMOTE
CONTROL DIP SWITCHES
ACTION - SYSTEM-CONFIG
- 8.I/O
- 3.RELAY MODE
EXO, REL, ROP
The external outputs are 8 relays with Normally Open contacts with one shared common connection (see Appendix
A.4 for connection details). Each external output has a default setting as listed in the table below or it has a USER
setting. The USER setting allows the Relay to be switched by a programmed event in the system. For example an
opto input on a remote NICA X could be programmed to switch a relay on the local NICA X.
External
Output
Default
Function
Description
1CH1 Frame ON when CH1 Frames
2CH2 Frame ON when CH2 Frames
3CH 1 Call ON when CH1 has ISDN Call
4CH 2 Call ON when CH2 has ISDN Call
5Unit Active ON when unit alive and running
6Backup State ON when unit is in performing BACKUP
7Backup Fail ON when unit failed to make BACKUP link
8Stereo ON when main running mode is Stereo.