Tandberg Data TDC 3640 User manual

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l
TANDBERG DATA ==
TDC 3600 SERIES "
STREAMING TAPE CARTRIDGE DRIVES
r
Toe 3620/3640/3660
Reference Manual

Table of Contents
o.
1.
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
2.
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4
2.5.
2.6.
3.
31.
3.2.
3.3.
3.31.
3.3.2.
3.33
3.34.
3.3.5.
34.
3.4.1.
3.4.2.
3.4.3.
3.4.4.
3.4.5.
3.4.6.
3.5.
3.5.1.
3.5.2.
3.5.3.
3.6.
3.6.1.
3.6.2.
3.6.3.
3.6.4.
3.6.5.
3.6.6.
3.6.7.
3.6.8.
3.6.9.
3.6.10.
4.
4.1.
4.2.
4.2.1.
4.2.2.
4.2.3.
4.2.4.
4.2.5.
4.3.
4.4.
Preface ....................................................................................................................
0·1
,
About this Manual .................................................................................................. 1·1
Definitions ........................................................................................................... 1 ·1
Introduction to this Manual .................................................................................. 1-'
Additional Documentation ................................................................................... '·2
Introduction to the Drive ....................................................................................... 2·1
Summary ............................................................................................................. 2·'
General Drive Description ................................................................................... 2·1
Tape Format and Drive Operation ...................................................................... 2·3
Drive Block Diagram with Description ................................................................. 2·5
The Formatter Functions .................................................................................... 2·6
Interface to Host ................................................................................................. 2-7
Ffroduct Specifications .......................................................................................... 3·1
Mechanical Dimensions and Weight ................................................................... 3-1
Power Requirements .......................................................................................... 3-1
Environmental Specifications .............................................................................. 3·2
Temperature and Relative Humidity .............................................................. 3·2
Temperature Variation ................................................................................... 3-3
Atmospheric Pressure .................................................................................... 3·3
Vibration ......................................................................................................... 3·3
Impact and Shock .......................................................................................... 3-3
Product Performance Specifications ................................................................... 3-4
Audible Noise ................................................................................................. 3-4
Radiated Electromagnetic Interference ..........................................................3-4
Susceptibility to Electromagnetic Interference ............................................... 3-4
Static Discharge ............................................................................................. 3-4
Safety Standard ............................................................................................. 3-4
Mean Time to Repair ..................................................................................... 3-4
Product Reliability ............................................................................................... 3·5
Electronics MTBF ........................................................................................... 3-5
Mechanics MTTF .... ................................ ...... ............................................ ..... 3-5
Useful life Cycle ............................................................................................ 3-5
Functional Specifications .................................................................................... 3-6
Media ............................................................................................................. 3-6
Track Width and location .............................................................................. 3-6
Head Specifications ....................................................................................... 3-9
Tape Movement ............................................................................................. 3-9
Recording Specifications ............................................................................. 3·10
Storage Capacity ......................................................................................... 3-11
Head Moving Mechanism ............................................................................ 3-11
Capstan System .......................................................................................... 3-11
Tape Sensor System ................................................................................... 3-11
Electronics ................................................................................................... 3-12
Mounting Specifications ....................................................................................... 4·1
General Mounting Information ............................................................................. 4-1
Strap Setting/Selecting Drive Number ................................................................ 4-3
Selecting Drive Number .................................................................................4·3
EnablelDisable Bus Parity Checking ............................................................. 4-4
External SCSI·bus Termination ..................................................................... 4-4
Serialln/Out Communication .........................................................................4·5
Test Functions ............................................................................................... 4·5
SCSI·Bus Interface Configuration ....................................................................... 4-6
Heat Dissipation .................................................................................................. 4-7
i

5. Data Reliability ....................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1. Summary ............................................................................................................. 5·1
5.2. General Introduction ............................................................................................ 5·1
5.3. Write Mode .......................................................................................................... 5·2
5.4. Read Mode ......................................................................................................... 5·3
5.5. Cartridge Conditioning ......................................................................................... 5-4
6. Track, Tape-fonnat and Encoding Specifications .............................................. 6-1
6.1. Summary ............................................................................................................. 6-1
6.2. Track Specifications ............................................................................................ 6-1
6.3. Track Format. OIC-24, OIC-120 and OIC-150 .................................................... 6-4
6.4. Recording Method .............................................................................................. 6-4
6.5. Data Encoding ..............................................................:..................................... 6-4
6.6. Recording Sequence ........................:................................................................. 6-6
6.7. Block Layout OIC-11 and OIC-24/0IC-120/0IC-150 .......................................... 6-7
6.7.1. Preamble ........................................................................................................ 6-7
6.7.2. Block Marker .................................................................................................. 6-8
6.7.3. Data ................................................................................................................ 6-8
6.7.4. Block Address ................................................................................................ 6-9
6.7.5. CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) ............................................................... 6-10
6.7.6. Post amble .................................................................................................... 6-10
6.8. Rewriting of Blocks ......................:..................................................................... 6·11
6.9. File Mark Blocks ............................................................................................... 6-12
6.10. Control Blocks ................................................................................................... 6-13
6.11. Gaps ................................................................................................................. 6-13
6.12. Reference Burst ................................................................................................ 6-14
6.13. Termination after Underrun ............................................................................... 6-14
6.14. Data Append ..................................................................................................... 6-14
6.15. Recording of Even Numbered Tracks ............................................................... 6·14
6.16. Recording of Odd Numbered Tracks ................................................................ 6·15
7. Basic Operational Functions ................................................................................ 7·1
7.1. Reference Track ................................................................................................. 7·1
7.1.1. Write Reference Track ................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.2. Read Reference Track ................................................................................... 7-2
7.2. Write Data and Filemarks ....................................................................................7·3
7.2.1. Write From Beginning of Tape ....................................................................... 7·3
7.2.2. Write From a Position on the Tape ................................................................ 7·3
7.2.3. Terminate Write From a Position on the Tape ............................................... 7-4
7.2.4. Terminate Write at Physical End Of Tape ..................................................... 7·4
7.2.5. Terminate Write at Physical End Of Tape -Executing the Copy Command. 7·5
7.2.6. Recoverable Write Error (Rewrite) ................................................................. 7-5
7.2.7. Unrecoverable Write Error ............................................................................. 7-6
7.3. Read Data and Filemarks ................................................................................... 7-7
7.3.1. Read From Beginning of Tape ....................................................................... 7·7
7.3.2. Read From a Position on the Tape ................................................................ 7·7
7.3.3. Read Until Logical End Of Tape .................................................................... 7-7
7.3.4. Read Until Physical End Of Tape .................................................................. 7-7
7.3.5. Read Until Physical End Of Tape - Executing the Copy Command .............. 7·8
7.3.6. Recoverable Read Error (Reread) ................................................................. 7·8
7.3.7. Unrecoverable Read Error ............................................................................. 7-8
8. Hardware Interface .................................................................................................. 8-1
8.1. Power Interface ................................................................................................... 8·1
8.2. Introduction to the Signal Interface ..................................................................... 8·1
8.3. Definition of Terms .............................................................................................. 8-1
8.4. Electrical Interface ...............................................................................................8·2
8.4.1. Drive Interface Connector Layout .................................................................. 8·3
8.4.2. Bus Signals ... _...............................................................................: .. :........... :. 8-4.
ii

8.5.
8.5.1.
8.5.2.
8.5.3.
8.5.4.
8.5.5.
8.5.6.
8.5.7.
8.5.8.
8.5.9.
8.5.10.
8.6.
8.6.1.
8.6.2.
8.6.3.
8.6.4.
9.
9.1.
9.2.
9.3.
9.3.1.
9.3.1.1.
9.3.1.2.
9.3.1.3.
9.3.1.4.
9.3.1.5.
9.3.2.
9.3.3.
9.3.4.
9.3.5.
9.3.6.
9.3.7.
9.3.8.
9.3.8.1.
9.3.9.
9.3.10.
9.3.11.
9.3.12.
9.3.13.
9.3.14.
9.3.14.1.
9.3.14.2.
9.3.15.
9.3.16.
9.3.17.
9.3.18.
9.3.19.
9.3.20.
9.3.21.
9.3.21.1.
9.3.22.
9.3.22.1.
9.3.23.
9.3.24.
9.4.
9.5.
9.6.
9.7.
9.7.1.
Bus Phases ......................................................................................................... 8·5
Bus Free Phase ............................................................................................. 8·5
Arbitration Phase (Optional) .......................................................................... 8-5
Selection Phase .....................................................................:....................... 8·6
Reselection Phase (Optional) ........................................................................ 8-7
Command Phase ........................................................................................... 8·8
Data Exchange Phase ................................................................................... 8-9
Status Phase ............................................................................................... 8·' 0
Message In Phase ....................................................................................... 8·"
Message Out Phase........................... ..... .................................................... 8·'2
Summary of SCSI·bus Phases .................................................................... 8·' 3
Bus Conditions .................................................................................................. 8·'4
Attention Condition ....................................................................................... 8· 14
Unit Attention Condition ............................................................................... 8·'4
Reset Condition.......... ........ ........ ........ ......................................................... 8· 14
Phase Sequencing ........................................................................................ 8·15
Software Interface .................................................................................................. 9·1
Introduction .....................................................................................:................... 9·'
Command Descriptor Block ................................................................................ 9·'
Drive Command Set ........................................................................................... 9-3
Copy (18H) ..................................................................................................... 9·4
Command and Parameter Blocks ............................................................ 9·5
Copy Operation .............................................................................._......... 9·8
Block Sizes ............................................................................................ 9·10
Error Handling ......................................................................................... 9· l'
Command Descriptor Blocks Used as an Initiator .................................. 9·15
Erase (19H) ................................................................................................. 9·17
Inquiry (12H) ................................................................................................ 9·18
Load/Unload (1BH) ...................................................................................... 9·21
Mode Select (15H) .......................................................................................9·22
Mode Sense (1AH) ...................................................................................... 9·27
PrevenvAllow Media Removal (1 EH) ...........................................................9·30
Read (08H) .................................................................................................. 9·31
Read Command Error Conditions .......................................................... 9·32
Read Block Limits (OSH) .............................................................................. 9·33
Read Data Buffer (3BH) .............................................................................. 9·34
Recover Buffered Data (14H) ...................................................................... 9·36
ReJease Unit (17H) ...................................................................................... 9·37
Request Block Address (02H) ..................................................................... 9·38
Request Sense (03H) .................................................................................. 9·39
Standard Sense Status Block ................................................................. 9·40
Extended Sense Status Block ................................................................ 9·42
Reserve Unit (16H) ......................................................................................9·48
Rewind (01 H) ............................................................................................... 9·49
Seek Block (OCH) ........................................................................................ 9·50
Send Diagnostics (1DH) .............................................................................. 9·51
Space (11H) ................................................................................................. 9·53
Test Unit Ready (OOH) ................................................................................. 9·55
Verify (13H) ..................................................................................................9·56 '
Verify
Command Error Conditions ..........................................................9·57
Write (OAH) .................................................................................................. 9·58
Write Command Error Conditions ........................................................... 9·59
Write Data Buffer (3CH) .............................................................................. 9·60
Write File Mark (1 OH) .......................:........................................................... 9·61
Completion Status Byte ..................................................................................... 9-62
The Message·ln Byte ........................................................................................ 9-63
The Message·Out Byte ..................................................................................... 9-64
Parity Error Handling .........................................................................................9·65
General'
Information ..... ;.......:...................:.,.: .......... : ...... ,.: .......................... :., 9~6.5 .
Hi

10.
10.1.
10.1.1.
10.1.2.
10.1.3.
10.2.
Selftest and Preventive Maintenance ••••••••••••••• __ .............................................., ().1
Selftest .............................................................................................................. 10·'
Power·Up SelftestlSeHtest 1........................................................................ 10·'
The Manually Activated Selftests ................................................................. , 0·3
The Host Activated Selftests ...................................................................... , 0·5
Preventive Maintenance ................................................................................... 10·6
Appendix A: Extended Error Code Messages ..................................................................... A·,
Appendix B: General Error Conditions................................................................................. B·1
AppendIx
C: Application Notes......_.........._....... ____ ........................................................ C·,
C.1. How to Achieve Streaming Mode Operation ...................................................... C·,
C.2. If Streaming Mode can not be Achieved .............................................................C-2
C.3. How to Optimize SCSI
Per10rmance .................................................................. C-4
Appendix 0: Internal Buffer Operation .................................................................................0·1
D.' . Data Buffer Design Goal .....................................................................................0-1
0.2. Data Buffer Operation ........................................................................................ 0-2
iv

TANDBERG DATA 0-1 Preface
o. Preface
This is the reference manual for the mc 3620/3640/3660 SCSI
("Smail Computer System Interface") compatible streaming 1/4"
tape cartridge drive. .
Tandberg Data will appreciate any comments on this publication
regarding:
• discrepancies between specification and product
• Inconsistency of definitions
• lack
of clarity In the definitions
• QIC·", QlCo24, QlCo120 and QICo150 compatibility
• QIC-104 compatibility
• SCSI Comm~nd Set compatibility to ANSI, Revision 178
• Emulex MT03 Controllercompatibility where this Is not In
conflict with ANSI Revision
178
Incompatibilities to MT03 8re85 follows:
The Copy Command supports only copy between Direct
Access and a Sequential Access Drive.
The Mode Select command does NOT suppon the EMULEX
Vendor Unique bits:
DEA: Disable Area Ahead
AU]: Auto Load Inhibit
SEC: Soft Error Count
The following Extended Sense Status Bytes have changed
position:
ERClJERCD: Moved from byte 08 to byte 14 Number Of
Recoverable Enors: Moved from bytes 09 and J0 to bytes
12 and 13.
The TDC3620/40/60 Drive does NOT suppon the command:
Read Revision Level
The IMED (Immediate) bit for the Verify command is NOT
supponed as the TDC3620/40/60 Drlvehandles this as a
Read-type command.
The1DC3620/40/60 Drive requires aFile Mark written as ·the
last block of every recording. Failure to this will ciuse 24
rereads and Unrecoverable Data Error during the Read
command.

TANDBERG DATA
0-2
Preface
IMPORTANT!
Tape is a very hygroscopic media. If exposed to a high humidity environment
oversome period,
it may require several days to bring a cartridge back to normal
humidity condition, even ifthe humidity level during
this" dry-out" period is kepI
very low. An environment with a high humidity like this may not only occur in
areas with a natural high humidity.
A typical example may be a cartridge placed in its packaging box
and cooled
down during transportation. The relative humidity inside the box may increase;
and over time affect the relative humidity of the tape itself.
Running high humidity tapes over a long period
of time may se\'erely reduce the
life time
of the drive's ReadlWrite head. It may also drastically reduce the life
time
of the tape.
If in doubt, always let a cartridge "dry out" in a normal humidity em'ironment
« 50-65 % rei. hum. at +20°C) for at least 3·4 days prior to use.
The head life time specifications stated by Tandberg Data A/S assumes running
tapes in
an environment with an average reI. hum. of not more than 50 % and a
maximum
of not more than 65 %; aU at a temperature of not more than +30°C
outside the cartridge.
Relative humidities
up to 80 % are assumed only for a maximum of 1 hour for
-every 24 hours of tape running. Maximum relative humidity of the em'ironments
shall not be more than 50 % averaged over the life cycle test, and never more
than 65 %,averaged over 200 running hours.
The head life time specifications given for this product is not valid if the drive has
been used in envir«:lnments •
or with tapes· that cannot meet the specificatic,JDs
above. . . " ,,'
Tandberg Data AlS does not warrant against failure of any tape drive product
that has directly or indirectly been exposed to conditions outside the specifications
given above.

TANDBERG DATA
Chapter2
Chapter3
Chapter 4
ChapterS
1-1
About This Manual
1. About this Manual
1.1. Definitions
The following two tenns are widely used throughout this
manual:
"The Drive"
Refers to the half-
height SCSI ("Small
Computer System
Interface") compa-
tible TDC 3620 9-
track, TDC 3640
15-
track and IDC 3660
I8-track Drive.
"The Host"
Refers to the host computer that suppons the SCSI hardware and
software specifications, and thus is able to control the SCSI
compatible IDC 3620/40/60 Drive.
1.2. Introduction to this Manual
This manual is intended to be the main reference document for
users, system programmers and system integrators
of the IDC
3620/40/60 streaming 1/4" tape cartridge drive.
The mc 3620 Drive complies with the SCSI Interface
Standard. and the QIC-24 Data Interchange Standard.
The TDC 3640 and the
IDC 3660 Drives comply respectively
with the QIC-120 or the QIC-150 Data Interchange Standards
in
addition to the SCSI specifications.
The
IDC 3620, the IDC 3640 and the IDC 3660 reads and
writes nine, fifteen
or eighteen tracks serially, running the tape at
90 ips or 72 ips respectively.
Detailed circuit-board block diagrams, schematics and adjust-
ment procedures are not supponed by this manual. The field
service technician will need the TDC
3600 Series SCSI
.Maintenance Manual, in addition to this reference manual,
in
order to have the complete service documentation at hand.
describes the basic features
of the Drive accompanied by a block
diagram
..
gives the technical specifications in detail.
contains mounting specifications.
describes data reliability and tape conditioning.

TANDBERG DATA
Chapter6
Chapter7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
1·2
About This Manual
describes the tape formats (9, 15 and 18 tracks) and how the data
is encoded.
describes the Drive's supponed basic operational functions.
describes the interface of the Drive with regards to the hardware.
is a comprehensive description of the interface to the Drive
regarding software and/or system. It describes the command set
and the behavior of the Drive in various situations.
1.3. Additional Documentation
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface manual) ANSI X3.131
Standard, Revision 17B, 1986.
The QIC-24 and QIC-02 Standards, Revision D, (Part no.
402732, Publ.no.S447), available from our Sales Department.
The QIC-120 Standard for Data Interchange, Revision 0,
February II. 1987.
The QIC-I SO Standard for Data Interchange, Revision I, May
12. 1987.

TANDBERG DATA
TheTDC 3620
The
TOC 3640
TheTOC 3660
2·1 Introduction to the Drive
2. Introduction to the Drive
2.1. Summary
This chapter describes the basic features of the Tandberg Data
mc 3620/40/60 streaming tape cartridge drive. After a general
introduction. a description
of the mechanical and electrical drive
design is given.
2.2. General Drive Description
The Tandberg Data TOC 3620/40/60 is a streaming 1/4" tape
cartridge drive.
The TOC 3620 records and reads serially on 9 tracks and can
store 45 Mbytes on a
137 m (450-foot) cartridge. With the 169
m (555-foot) cartridge the capacity is increased to 55 Mbytes.
The 183 m (6oo-foot) cartridge gives a capacity
of up to 60
Mbytes.
The
mc 3640 records and reads serially on 15 tracks and can
store 125 Mbytes on a 183 m (600-foot) cartridge.
The IDC 3660 records and reads serially on 18 tracks and can
store
155 Mbytes on a 183 m (600-foot) cartridge.
Drive Application
The Drive is well suited for a variety of applications:
-Winchester back-up
-Archival storage
-Low cost background mass-storage system
-Data logging
-Replacing the floppy disk for data interchanges
Streaming
The mode of operation is streaming. i.e. the Drive is designed to
run the whole length
of the tape. normally without any
interruption. Unnecessary stan and stop operations in the middle
of the tapes will slow down the system considerably.
Basic Mechanical Building Blocks
The Drive mechanism is built inside a rigid casting. The
mechanism includes a direct-drive capstan motor. a door-locking
and ejection system and a head-moving ("worm-wheel/gear")
system. Figure
2.1 illustrates the Drive's mechanical outline.
Note that mounting the drivetpp-jlush against a/lat sUrface. will
impede air /low and may obstruct the rubber impeller-fan
mounted on the capstan-motor axle.