TDK relyon plasmabrush PB3 Integration User manual

Operating instructions
BA-PB3_IP_EN / F0354800

2
BA-PB3_IP_EN / F0354800BA-
PB3_IP_EN /
Thank you for buying a high-quality relyon plasma GmbH branded product.
To get the best from your machine, please read these instructions carefully.
Important!
Read these instructions carefully before assembling, installing and starting up the machine!
Always follow the safety instructions! Failure to follow the safety instructions may result in
accidents, serious injury and serious damage to the machine.
The plasmabrush PB3 Integration may only be started up and operated by trained and qualified
persons!
Train your staff! The operator/user is responsible for ensuring that personnel have fully understood
the operation of the machine and the safety requirements.
© Copyright relyon plasma GmbH 2021.
All rights reserved. All rights reserved.
Text, images and graphics as well as their layout are protected by copyright and other protective laws.
Unauthorised copying and distribution of this document and the utilisation and communication of its contents are
strictly prohibited unless expressly authorised. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All
rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.
Translation of the original
operating instructions

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1Safety ................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Residual risks.............................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Information and obligations for the operator................................................................................. 6
1.3 Intended use ............................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Impermissible operating conditions.............................................................................................. 6
1.5 Emissions ................................................................................................................................... 6
2Description of the machine.................................................................................................. 7
2.1 Function...................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Machine overview........................................................................................................................ 7
2.2.1 Entire machine .............................................................................................................. 7
2.2.2 Stand-alone unit: Description and connections............................................................... 8
2.2.3 Remote control (available as an option): Description...................................................... 9
2.2.4 Plasma generator: Description..................................................................................... 10
2.2.5 Pin assignment of PLC interface .................................................................................. 11
2.3 Scope of delivery....................................................................................................................... 12
3Technical data.................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 Technical data........................................................................................................................... 12
3.2 Permissible operating parameters ............................................................................................. 13
4Transport/Storage.............................................................................................................. 14
4.1 Storage ..................................................................................................................................... 14
4.2 Transport .................................................................................................................................. 14
5Unpacking and installation ................................................................................................ 14
5.1 Unpacking................................................................................................................................. 14
5.2 Installation................................................................................................................................. 15
6Special notes on using the plasma process...................................................................... 17
6.1 General description ................................................................................................................... 17
6.2 Notes on the correct handling of the substrates to be treated ..................................................... 18
6.3 Carrying out surface treatment .................................................................................................. 18
6.4 Measures to take after the surface treatment ............................................................................. 18
7Operation ........................................................................................................................... 19
7.1 Controls/Displays ...................................................................................................................... 19
7.2 Switching on and operating the machine.................................................................................... 20
7.3 Switching off the machine.......................................................................................................... 22
8Taking out of service ......................................................................................................... 23
9Cleaning and maintenance ................................................................................................ 23
9.1 Cleaning.................................................................................................................................... 23
9.2 Maintenance for the stand-alone unit......................................................................................... 23
9.3 Maintenance for the plasma generator....................................................................................... 25
Replacing nozzles and electrodes ............................................................................................. 25
10 Troubleshooting................................................................................................................. 27
10.1 Overview of faults/errors............................................................................................................ 27
10.2 Customer service ...................................................................................................................... 27
11 Environment....................................................................................................................... 28
11.1 Disposal.................................................................................................................................... 28
12 Conformity/Standards........................................................................................................ 28
12.1 CE ............................................................................................................................................ 28
12.2 Product standards ..................................................................................................................... 28
13 Spare and wear parts......................................................................................................... 29

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BA-PB3_IP_EN / F0354800
1Safety
The machine was designed in accordance with the relevant international standards.
However, as with any technical product, hazards may arise if the system is not used
properly or is used for purposes other than its intended use.
Working with the machine can be dangerous and may result in serious or fatal injury. It is
therefore essential to protect yourself and others.
In addition to the safety instructions in this document, you must also comply with general
safety standards.
Caution –Danger!
When working with the machine, please note and observe the safety instructions and
requirements in these operating instructions because non-compliance may result in
serious or fatal injury.
1.1 Residual risks
This machine has been manufactured in accordance with the current state of the art.
However, it is impossible to eliminate residual risks.
Always adhere to the following safety instructions:
Caution –Electrical voltage!
•Danger from high voltage
- Never direct the plasma beam at people or animals.
- Never touch the plasma nozzle or the plasma jet when the machine is in operation.
- Never touch the workpiece to be treated or its holder during plasma generation.
- Make sure that no third party comes into contact with the workpiece to be treated
or its holder.
- If electrically conductive materials touch the workpiece to be treated, these
materials must be earthed.
•Danger from 230 V
- Do not start up the machine if damage is visible on the electrical connection, mains
cable or machine itself. Replace the damaged parts or have them repaired by a
qualified person.
- The machine must be earthed.
- Only connect the device to a power socket with earthing pins.
- Make sure that the electrical data on the rating plate corresponds to your electricity
supply.

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Caution –Health hazard!
The machine operates at a high frequency (~ 40 to 65 kHz on the plasma generator).
•As a precaution, persons with a pacemaker, hearing aids or hearing implants should
observe the following:
- Do not use the machine in the vicinity of a pacemaker, hearing aids or hearing
implants.
- Seek medical advice before working near the system.
•In hospitals and similar facilities, it is possible that the operation of the system may
impair the function of electrical medical equipment, computer equipment or other
equipment
(such as ECG systems or PCs).
- Make sure that the operator of such equipment or systems is aware of this
possibility before starting up the machine.
Caution –Hot surface!
The nozzle of the plasma generator may reach temperatures of up to 200 °C.
- Do not touch the nozzle during operation.
- If the nozzle or electrode need to be replaced, wait until the machine has cooled down.
- After operation, store the machine until it cools down in such a way that nobody is
injured by the hot surfaces.
- After use, store the machine only in places that are not temperature-sensitive or are
not combustible.
Caution –Nitrogen oxides and ozone (O3)!
The machine may produce levels of nitrogen oxides and ozone that exceed current limits.
- Make sure that the working area is well ventilated.
- Install an extraction system.
Tripping hazard!
Position the machine in such a way that the cables do not present a tripping hazard.
Caution –Noise!
Depending on the particular use, the plasma generator may produce noise emissions,
prolonged exposure to which may damage hearing.
- For prolonged use, wear suitable ear protection.
- Protect persons working in the vicinity of the machine.
Wear protective eyewear!
While working with the machine, particles from workpieces or other objects may be
released into the air due to the gas that is emitted and the high temperatures that are
reached.
- You absolutely must wear eye protection when working with the machine.
- Protect persons working in the vicinity of the machine.
Attention –Damage to machine!
The machine may overheat. Do not cover the ventilation slots.

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BA-PB3_IP_EN / F0354800
1.2 Information and obligations for the operator
•The system may emit interference.
- The system has been tested in accordance with EMC legislation.
- The operator must verify and assure electromagnetic compatibility with other
electrical and electronic equipment in the immediate vicinity of the system.
•Ensure that:
- Operating personnel have read and understood these operating instructions.
- Anyone working near the machine is made aware of the dangers and is provided
with the necessary protective equipment.
- Repairs are only carried out by qualified persons.
•In particular, make operating personnel aware of the safety instructions in this
document.
•Always keep the system in a fully functional condition.
•Any modifications made to the machine will invalidate the operating licence and the
warranty. Exception: if such modifications are expressly authorised by the
manufacturer.
1.3 Intended use
The machine is intended solely for the plasma treatment of surfaces (e.g. metals, textiles,
glass, plastics) to activate, clean, coat or remove residue at atmospheric pressure.
Under no circumstances may the machine be used by non-trained persons.
1.4 Impermissible operating conditions
The machine must not be operated under the following conditions:
•In explosive (Ex) zones
•In areas with a severe build-up of dust
•In environments where the humidity is too high (see technical data, page 12)
•At altitudes of more than 2000 m above sea level
•Where there are strong vibrations
1.5 Emissions
The connected plasma generator produces the following emissions:
•Small amounts of UV light
•Small amounts of ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) The workplace exposure limit
(WEL)may be exceeded. Example:
Plasma gas
Gas flow
Ozone
NOx
Air
35 l/min
1.5 mg/m³
3500 mg/m³
Note!
As a precautionary measure, we recommend using an extraction system with a capacity
of at least 500 l per minute in the direct vicinity of the plasma outlet.

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2Description of the machine
2.1 Function
The machine is operated for the plasma treatment (activation, fine cleaning) of surfaces
(metals, textiles, glass, plastics, ceramics and natural materials) at atmospheric pressure.
This plasma treatment can produce significantly improved results during subsequent
gluing, painting, printing, coating, wetting, laminating and metallising.
2.2 Machine overview
2.2.1 Entire machine
No.
Component
1
Stand-alone unit
2
Remote control (available as an option)
3
Plasma generator
4
Cable assembly incl. HV cable in black braided hose
5
Mains connection cable (not pictured)
1
2
3
4

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2.2.2 Stand-alone unit: Description and connections
Fig.: Schematic diagram of the stand-alone unit (front view and top view)
No.
Component
1
Signal lamp for “machine on/off” (red)
2
Master switch I/O
3
Socket for remote control or PLC control
4
Cable assembly bushing (incl. HV cable)
5
Maintenance unit for compressed air supply
6
Flowmeter
7
Throttle valve for compressed air supply
8
Fan grille
9
Functional earth connection
1
2
3
4
9
8
5
11
10
6
7

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10
Fuse F1 (see 3.1 Technical data)
11
Socket for mains connection cable (with cover cap)
2.2.3 Remote control (available as an option): Description
Fig.: Schematic diagram of the remote control
No.
Component
1
PLASMA ON/OFF switch
2
GAS ON/OFF switch
3
QUIT ERROR button
4
Emergency stop switch
4
2
1
3

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2.2.4 Plasma generator: Description
Fig.: Schematic diagram of the plasma generator
No.
Component
1
PB3 plasma generator PG-31
2
PB3 nozzle A450
3
M3 connection for PE cable
4
M5 mounting holes for attachment to customer unit
Attention –Damage to machine! Barrier sleeve made of ceramic in the
plasma generator!
1. Ceramics sleeve and spacers, otherwise known as the barrier sleeves (not pictured),
are inserted in the plasma generator (1).
2. The barrier sleeves are made of ceramic. Caution, risk of breakage.
2
1
3
4

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2.2.5 Pin assignment of PLC interface
Fig.: Schematic diagram of the PLC interface
PIN
socket
Colour
of
cable
Pin assignment
Input
A
Pink
Enable “GAS ON/OFF”
C
Red
Enable “PLASMA ON/OFF”
E
Purple
Enable “QUIT ERROR”
G
Yellow
Emergency stop
Output
K
Green
24 V DC power supply (24 V generated internally in the machine)
J
Black
GND
B
Blue
Feedback “GAS ON/OFF” (24 V/0 V)
D
White
Feedback “PLASMA ON/OFF” (24 V/0 V)
F
Brown
Feedback “QUIT ERROR” (24 V/0 V)
H
Grey
Emergency stop
Attention –Damage to machine!
For signal control (control via an external system) only use the 24 V power supply
generated internally in the machine (PIN K). Do not feed an external 24 V power supply
into the inputs of the machine (PIN A, C, E, G)!

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2.3 Scope of delivery
The scope of delivery includes the following components:
•plasmabrush PB3 Integration machine (consisting of stand-alone unit and plasma
generator,
fixed on mounting plate)
•Optional: remote control
•Mains connection cable
•Operating instructions
3Technical data
3.1 Technical data
Description
Value
Electrical data
Electrical connection
220 V –240 V AC / 50 Hz / max. 6 A
Mains fuse
F1 = 10 A / 250 V AC / time lag
Power consumption
≤ 1500 W
IP rating
Stand-alone unit: IP 54 Plasma generator: IP 20 (acc. to EN
60529)
Remote control: IP 54
Protection class
Class I acc. to IEC 61140
Operating voltage of plasma
generator
• up to 20 kV Upeak (max. voltage for ignition (briefly))
• up to 2 kV RMS (average operating voltage)
Activation period
100% (continuous mode)
Dimensions
Weight
50 kg; 110.2 lbs
Dimensions
610 x 780 (1070) x 430 mm; 24.0 x 30.7 (42.1) x 16.9" (width x
height x depth)
Cable assembly (incl. HV cable)
Cable length
5 m
•Minimum cable bending
radius
150 mm (5.9")
•Maximum cable
extension torsion
± 90°/m
Operating conditions
Air humidity
< 80% rel. (non-condensing)
Temperature
0 –40 °C; 32 –104 °F
Storage conditions
Air humidity
< 80% rel. (non-condensing)
Temperature
0 –60 °C; 32 –140 °F
Noise emissions
•Sound level
< 60 dB(A) at 1 metre away

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Gas connection
•Gas types
Compressed air (purified, free of oil and lubricants)
Nitrogen (industrial gases free of particles and oil)
Additional gas types only after approval from relyon plasma.
•Gas flow rate
40 –80 l/min
•Quality
Compressed air 1.4.1 acc. to ISO 8573.1
Nitrogen 2.8 (N2) acc. to DIN EN ISO 14175:N1
•Connection
6 mm quick-release coupling
3.2 Permissible operating parameters
The specified limits or conditions must be observed during operation:
Description
Value
Gas flow
Air: ≥ 40 – ≤ 80 l/min
Nitrogen: ≥ 40 – ≤ 80 l/min
Activation period
100% (continuous mode)
Plasma on
Before activating the high voltage for plasma
generation, the gas supply to the plasma generator
must be switched on for at least 2 seconds.
Caution –Electrical voltage!
•Danger from high voltage
- Never reach into the plasma flame or onto the substrate to be treated during
operation.
- All components, workpieces or tools that come into contact with the plasma must
be either insulated (dielectric strength > 30 kV) or fastened or held with a secure
earth.
Attention –Damage to machine!
- The required gas flow rate is between 40 and 80 l/min and must not be fallen short
of or exceeded.
Non-compliance will damage the plasma generator beyond repair.

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4Transport/Storage
4.1 Storage
- Store the machine in a dry place. This will prevent the electrical contacts from
corroding.
- Protect the machine from dirt and foreign objects.
- Protect the plasma generator and gas connection from dirt and foreign bodies.
4.2 Transport
The machine is designed for stationary use in production. It is not intended to be moved to
a different location on a regular basis. When transporting the machine, make sure that it is
switched off, disconnected from the mains and cooled down.
Check that all moving parts are in a stable, fixed position so that they cannot fall off when
moving the machine.
After transport is complete, make sure that the machine is placed in a stable and secure
position in a suitable place.
Attention –Damage to machine!
- The machine can become damaged if you attempt to move the stand-
alone unit by pulling on one of the cables. Always ensure that there is
no nominal tensile stress on the cables. This also applies to the signal
cable of the optional remote control.
The cable assembly (incl. HV cable) or signal cable can also be
damaged by kinking or bending it too tightly. Do not kink the cable
assembly or signal cable and adhere to the minimum permitted bending
radii in accordance with the “Technical data” chapter (page 12).
- A ceramic component is built into the plasma generator. This can
become damaged in the event of hard impacts or falls, and can in turn
damage the machine. Always ensure that the plasma generator is
secured against impacts and falls during transport.
5Unpacking and installation
Caution –Electrical voltage!
Danger: 230 V and high voltage.
- The entire machine must not be opened. The stand-alone unit is sealed by the
manufacturer. In the event of damage to the seal, the warranty is voided.
5.1 Unpacking
•Carefully open the machine packaging. Note the information about directions provided
on the packaging.
•Take the machine out of the packaging.
•After taking the machine out of the packaging, check it and all cables for damage.

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5.2 Installation
Before installing the machine, the following criteria must be met:
•The machine must be fully intact.
•The machine may only be connected using the power cable provided.
•The machine's main switch is to be used as an all-pole separator.
•A suitable gas supply (see Chapter 3.1 and 3.2) must be provided.
The stand-alone unit may only be operated while in an upright position. Ensure
that there is sufficient clearance (> 150 mm) in front of the ventilation slots.
To install the machine, perform the following steps in the specified order:
1. Place the machine on a hard, level floor and make sure that the machine is stable.
- Ensure that a clearance of at least 150 mm is maintained between all ventilation slots
and other objects.
- Make sure that the installation location is chosen such that no nominal tensile stress is
placed on the cables and lines when using the machine.
2. Mount the plasma generator in your system using suitable M5 screws. Follow the drilling
pattern of the mounting plate (see figure below) on which the generator is delivered. The
screws for clamping the plasma generator and cable assembly (incl. HV cable) must not be
loosened!
3. Connect a suitable 6 mm hose for supplying compressed air to the compressed air
maintenance unit. Set the operating pressure to at least 4 bar.
4. Open the cover on the machine for the mains connection and connect the mains connection
cable to the machine.
5. Plug the mains connection cable into a suitable power socket with earthing pins.
If in doubt, check if the protective earth contact of the power socket is functional.
✓The machine is installed.
Attention –Damage to machine!
The stand-alone unit and plasma generator must be set up and fastened in a stable
manner.
Always ensure that there is no nominal tensile stress on the cables.
Non-compliance will damage the machine and/or its components beyond repair!

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Fig.: Schematic diagram of the mounting plate

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6Special notes on using the plasma process
6.1 General description
Treating surfaces with atmospheric plasma has several advantages, such as increasing
the surface energy to produce better surface wetting.
Optimum surface wetting is the first and often most decisive step to achieving a good
imprint, a uniform coating, a consistent coat of lacquer or an integrally bonded adhesive
application. The bond at this boundary layer often determines the longevity and adhesive
strength of this material pairing.
Atmospheric-pressure plasma increases throughput in many industrial processes, while
at the same time saving the costs of solvents or chemical primers. We have successfully
integrated our plasma products into the following application fields:
•Fine cleaning of metal, glass and plastics
•Surface activation and surface functionalisation for optimised wettability
•Coating for new surface properties
•Plasma-assisted laminating processes
•Plasma-assisted adhesive bonded joints
•Plugging and sealing
•Plasma-induced reduction of metal surfaces
•Chemical-free bleaching of textiles
•Plasma sterilisation of fabric
•Treatment of food products to improve quality and shelf life
•Sterilisation of thermally unstable plastics
•Multi-component injection moulding
Practically all technical material classes can be efficiently processed under atmospheric
pressure:
•Metals, metal alloys
•Plastics and composite materials
•Glass, ceramics, inorganic composites, natural stone
•Real leather, imitation leather
•Natural fibres, wood, paper
Since the plasma treatment is always just a single part of the entire process, it is
important that the additional influencing variables are known in order to achieve an
optimum result.
Typical influencing variables could be:
•Plasma process: distance to the substrate, speed, nozzle geometry
•Substrate/workpiece: material composition, contamination, electrical
conductivity, thermal conductivity, moisture content
•Workpiece treatment: contamination before or after the plasma process, the
time elapsed between the plasma process and the follow-up process
Treatment examples can be requested directly from relyon plasma GmbH.
Additional information on applications, as well as publications, can be found on the
website at www.relyon-plasma.com.

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6.2 Notes on the correct handling of the substrates to be treated
Caution –Electrical voltage!
•Danger from high voltage
- Never direct the plasma beam at people or animals.
- Never touch the plasma nozzle or the plasma jet when the machine is in operation.
- Never touch the workpiece to be treated or its holder during plasma generation.
- Make sure that no third party comes into contact with the workpiece to be treated
or its holder.
- If electrically conductive materials touch the workpiece to be treated, these
materials must be earthed.
Since the machine operates with high voltage, certain safety precautions must be taken.
This applies not only to direct handling of the machine, but also to the workpiece to be
treated and its holder.
In general, the workpiece holder and all other objects that the workpiece comes into
contact with must be earthed. There must be no chance whatsoever of the user or a third
party making contact with the workpiece holder (made from conductive material), for
example, during plasma treatment. It is also possible that a third party could receive an
electric shock from the workpiece through the workpiece holder.
If a holder made from insulating material is used, it must have a dielectric strength of at
least 20 kV.
A functional earth connection is provided on the machine for a special form of plasma
treatment involving transferred electric arcs. If you want to use this special application,
please contact relyon plasma GmbH directly.
6.3 Carrying out surface treatment
Depending on the type and condition of your substrate, pre-cleaning before the plasma
process can improve the overall outcome.
The effect of the treatment depends on the working distance, treatment time, speed and
consistency of movement, as well as the material to be treated.
Ensure that the substrate is not thermally damaged due to movement that is too slow or
a working distance that is too close.
Treatment examples can be requested directly from relyon plasma GmbH.
6.4 Measures to take after the surface treatment
To achieve an optimum result, it is important that as little time as possible elapses after
the plasma treatment and that the treated surface is not touched or contaminated.
Cleaning the surface AFTER the plasma treatment is not recommended. Since the
workpiece may heat up depending on the type and duration of the plasma process, it
may be necessary to allow the workpiece to cool down first before the next process step
is executed. This is to ensure that the process will not be negatively impacted by the
introduction of heat (e.g. in certain bonding processes).
Caution –Hot surface!
The workpiece to be treated may be heated up by the plasma process, depending on the
process parameters. If necessary, allow the workpiece to cool down before handling it.

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7Operation
7.1 Controls/Displays
Caution –Electrical voltage!
Danger of electric shock.
- Never reach into the area around the connected plasma generator while it is running
or if it has shut down (e.g. to check why the plasma generator has shut down).
Fig.: Schematic diagram of the controls
No.
Description
Function
1
Master switch
Switches the power supply voltage on/off
2
“Power on” LED (red)
Indicates: power supply is established, master switch
is switched on
3
Throttle valve for compressed air
supply
Opens and regulates the compressed air supply to the
plasma generator
4
Flowmeter
Indicates:
- Illuminated blue: gas flow suitable for operation (40 –
80 l/min)
- Illuminated red: gas flow not suitable for operation (<
40 l/min)
5
Maintenance unit for compressed air
supply
Filters the supplied compressed air and regulates the
supply pressure
6
Remote control (available as an
option)
Operates the plasma generator
1
3
4
5
2
6

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7.2 Switching on and operating the machine
Attention –Damage to machine!
- The machine can become damaged if you attempt to move the stand-alone unit by
pulling on one of the cables. Always ensure that there is no nominal tensile stress
on the cables.
The cable assembly can also be damaged by kinking or bending it too tightly. Do
not kink the cable assembly (incl. HV cable) and adhere to the minimum permitted
bending radius in accordance with the “Technical Data” chapter (page 12).
- A ceramic component is built into the plasma generator. This can become
damaged in the event of hard impacts or falls, and can in turn damage the
machine. Always ensure that the plasma generator is secured against impacts and
falls during transport.
- The plasma generator may be damaged if it is started without gas. Never switch on
the plasma generator before the gas stream (2 seconds) is switched on.
- When switching off the plasma generator via the “Plasma ON/OFF” button, the gas
supply must continue for at least 2 seconds. During this follow-on time, never
switch off the machine at the master switch and do not disconnect the power
supply. This could cause damage to the machine.
The machine can be operated as a stand-alone unit via the remote control or with a higher-
level system control.
To switch the machine on, perform the following steps in the specified order:
1. Switch the machine on using the master switch (#1).
The lamp (#2) next to the machine's master switch lights up.
2. Connect a stable, external compressed air supply to the maintenance unit (#5) on the
back of the machine. Set the pressure at the pressure gauge to at least 4 bar.
3. Operation with a higher-level system control: The solenoid valve must be unlocked to
enable the gas flow. To do this, connect PIN K and PIN A (see 2.2.5). Set a suitable
gas flow (40 –80 l/min) at the throttle valve (#3); this will be audible from the nozzle.
Operation with an optional remote control: Press the “GAS ON/OFF” switch on the
remote control (#6). This enables the gas flow to the plasma generator or interrupts it if
pressed again. Set a suitable gas flow (40 –80 l/min) at the throttle valve (#3); this will
be audible from the nozzle. If the flow is suitable, the display lights up blue and the
“GAS ON/OFF” switch on the remote control lights up green. If the gas flow is
insufficient, the display on the flowmeter (#4) lights up red.
4. Operation with a higher-level system control: Once the gas flow has been established,
the plasma process can be started. To start the plasma process, connect PIN K and
PIN C (see 2.2.5). To end the plasma process, disconnect PIN K and PIN C. Note the
gas follow-on time of 2 seconds. During this time, the machine must not be switched off
or disconnected from the mains under any circumstances!
Operation with an optional remote control: To start the plasma process, press the
“PLASMA ON/OFF” switch on the remote control (#6). The switch lights up blue and
plasma is generated visibly and audibly at the nozzle of the plasma generator. To stop
the plasma process, press the “PLASMA ON/OFF” switch on the remote control again.
Note the gas follow-on time of 2 seconds. During this time, the machine must not be
switched off or disconnected from the mains under any circumstances!