Telebyte 458-2SL User manual

“Results You Can Count On”
Model 458-2SL
Multi-Channel Local Loop Simulator
0315-0333 Rev. D
Date of Publication: 02/27/06

Customer Support
Thank you for your purchase of the Telebyte Model 458-2SL Multi-Channel Local
Loop Simulator.This compact unit is extremely easy to use and a perfect fit when
only one or two-channel operation is required.The Model 458-2SL is ideally suited
for testing DSL modems and other bandwidth-compliant telecom devices in a high-
volume production line environment.When used in conjunction with one to two 458
Line Modules, it becomes a two-channel local loop simulator. The built-in Control
Module interfaces with a PC or terminal via IEEE-488 or RS-232 to control loop-
length settings or it can be used as a stand-alone unit. User-command language
may be used for control. In addition, line length is displayed on the front of the unit
and can be set via a rotary encoder.
Contact Information:
Telephone E-mail/Internet
General: 631-423-3232 suppor[email protected]
Technical support: 800-835-3298 [email protected]
Fax: [phone] www.telebytebroadband.com
Mail
Telebyte, Inc.
270 Pulaski Road
Greenlawn, NY 11740

Warranty
Included With Your Purchase
One-year Warranty
• Telebyte will furnish parts and labor for the repair or replacement of products found by Telebyte to be defective
in material or workmanship during the warranty period.1
One-year Calibration (where applicable)
• One N.I.S.T traceable calibrations, one on the first-year anniversary of the product ship date.2
• Calibration report to ensure traceability.
Extended Customer Care
There are two options available. Our three-year extended warranty extends the original warranty by an additional 36
months and the three-year calibration contract provides 36 additional months of calibration.
Three-Year Extended Warranty
You can extend the original one-year warranty that
comes with your product by purchasing the Three-Year
Extended Warranty.3
Features:
·Telebyte will furnish parts and labor for the repair or
replacement of products found by Telebyte to be
defective in material or workmanship during the
warranty period.1
Three-Year Calibration Contract (where applicable)
Extended calibration is available through the Three-Year
Calibration Contract.4
Features:
·Yearly N.I.S.T traceable calibrations, each on the
second, third, and fourth anniversary of the ship date.2
·Report to ensure traceability.
·Automatic notification when calibration of your product is
due.
Disclaimer of Warranties and Other Terms and Conditions
1TELEBYTE, INC. warrants its broadband simulation equipment to be free from defects in material and workmanship, under normal and proper use
and in its unmodified condition, for 12-months, starting on the date it is delivered for use. TELEBYTE’S sole obligation under this warranty shall be to
furnish parts and labor for the repair or replacement of products found by TELEBYTE to be defective in material or workmanship during the warranty
period. Warranty repairs will be performed at the point of manufacture. Equipment approved for return for warranty service shall be returned F.O.B.
TELEBYTE factory and will be redelivered by TELEBYTE freight prepaid, except for non-continental U.S.A. locations. These deliveries will be sent
COD freight and import/export charges.
2 The customer is responsible for freight and customs charges when shipping products to and from Telebyte for calibration services.
3 You must purchase the extended warranty at the time of purchase or during the initial warranty period.
4 You must purchase the calibration contract at the time of purchase or during the initial warranty period.
The above warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, statutory or otherwise, including any implied warranty of merchantability or
fitness for a particular purpose. TELEBYTE shall not be liable for any damages sustained by reseller or any other party arising from or relating to any
equipment failure, including but not limited to consequential damages, nor shall TELEBYTE have any liability for delays in replacement or repair of
equipment.

Equipment Returns
Out of warranty equipment may be returned, prepaid, to the Greenlawn, N.Y.
customer service facility. Return shipping charges will be billed to the customer.
The repaired unit will have a 90-day warranty. In those cases where "no trouble" is
found, a reduced charge will be billed to cover handling, testing, and packaging.
Whether in or out of warranty, a Return Material Authorization number (RMA) is
required and may be obtained by:
Calling customer service at 631-423-3232 or 800-835-3298
Sending a request via Fax at 631-385-8184
E-mailing us at suppor[email protected]
Please be sure to reference the RMA number on the outside container.

Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 1
Chassis/Control Module ............................................................................................. 1
Line Module Series..................................................................................................... 1
2.0 Specifications ................................................................................................................... 2
3.0 Connections ..................................................................................................................... 3
4.0 RS-232 Control................................................................................................................. 4
Connections................................................................................................................ 4
User Command Interface ........................................................................................... 5
Serial RS-232 Mode Command List........................................................................... 5
5.0 IEEE Controls................................................................................................................... 8
Connections................................................................................................................ 8
User Command Interface ........................................................................................... 8
IEEE Mode Command List ......................................................................................... 9
Appendix A Line Module Theory of Operation ..................................................................... 13
Equivalent Circuit...................................................................................................... 13
Frequency Response................................................................................................ 14

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D Page 1
1.0
Introduction
Modem manufacturers need to test their products over specified distances to see if the units will
perform to published specifications. Spools of wire or individual wireline simulators have been
traditionally used to test this type of communications equipment. Telebyte recognizes most
manufacturers usually test multiple units simultaneously, requiring multiple spools or multiple
wireline simulators.This approach requires a significant investment in both cost and space.
Telebyte's Model 458-2SL Multi-Channel Local Loop Simulator addresses this need.The Model
458-2SL gives manufacturers the ability to test multiple devices using a single, rack-mounted
wireline simulator unit.The Model 458-2SL can be configured to support a maximum of two Line
Modules. Each line may be controlled through an RS-232 or IEEE-488 interface or the rotary
encoders on the front panel.
LFor more information about Telebyte’s plug-in line modules, refer to the individual
datasheets or manuals.
Chassis/Control Module
The Chassis is mounted in a standard 19-in rack and accepts a maximum of two Line Modules.
The built-in Control Module is used to configure a Line Module to a particular length via the IEEE-
488 or RS-232 port.When configured for IEEE-488, the Model 458-2SL can be operated from an
IEEE Controller such as a PC equipped with an IEEE interface board.
In RS-232 mode, the unit can be connected to any RS-232 device (e.g., a terminal or PC) that
has a communications program such as HyperTerminal installed.Telebyte also provides a user-
friendly software program calledTCS 4000 to communicate with the Model 458-2SL units using
RS-232 or IEEE. This software is available for download from our Web site at
www.telebytebroadband.com.
Line Module Series
A maximum of two Model 458 Line Modules (sold separately) can be placed into the chassis.
Each 458 Line Module can be individually set by the Control Module. Communications between
the Control Module and the 458 Line Module are via a backplane.The backplane will pass power
and the signals to control the length of each card.The RJ-45 connectors used to connect to the
unit to be tested are mounted directly on the 458 Line Module. Telebyte’s TCS 4000 software
provides a user-friendly interface for configuring 458 Line Modules and is available for download
fromourWebsite.

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
2.0
Specifications
Page 2
Product Specifications – Model 458-2SL
Switches Two rotary encoders (one per channel) located on front of control
module. Push-button switch for setting IEEE 488 address or RS-232
communication parameters.
Indicators Backlit LCD display of line length and set up parameters.
Power 100 - 250 VAC, 50 or 60 Hz (universal power supply)
Size [2U] 19 in W x 22 in D x 3.47 in H (482.6 mm W x 558.8 mm D x
88.1 mm H)
Environmental Operating temperature: 0 to 50 degrees C, humidity: 0 to 95% relative
humidity (non-condensing).
Remote Control Connectors RS-232: DB9 female (DCE); GPIB:IEEE488 24-pin connector.
User Command Interface ASCII command set compliant with IEEE 488.2 and Hex ASCII two-
character bytes per 488 bus data byte. RS-232: HDX (Echo
characters); Translate CR to CR + LF; baud rate: 300 to 19200;
commands use terminating character (carriage return); 8 Data bits; 1
stop bit.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Made in the USA.

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
3.0
Connections
The input and output ports are interchangeable (i.e., the unit is bidirectional). The cable pair is
accessible through the RJ-45 jacks. The two center contacts, Tip and Ring, of each RJ-45 are
supported. Refer to Figure 1 for the configuration of the RJ-45 jack.
LL
LL
LDo not exceed the maximum ratings as listed in section 2.0, “Specifications.” For best
accuracy, the I/O cables should be limited to 3 M or less.
Check that the connections made to each port are completely isolated from each other (floating
or transformer coupled).
Page 3
Figure 1: RJ-45 Configuration
RED GREEN
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
4.0
RS-232 Control
Connections
The Model 458-2SL is completely controllable from an RS-232 source. The following section
explains the connections and the controls necessary for RS-232 operation. See Figure 2 for an
illustration of the pin connectors.
Page 4
Figure 2 DB-9 for RS-232 Control
CONNECTOR DB9
5
9
4
8
3
7
2
6
1
RXD
TXD
CTS/DSR
Pin 2 on the Model 458-2SL connects to the RECEIVED DATA pin in the Communications Port
Connector on the PC or controller.
Pin 3 on the Model 458-2SL connects to the TRANSMIT DATA pin in the Communications Port
Connector on the PC or controller.
Pin5on the Model 458-2SLconnectsto the GROUNDpinintheCommunications PortConnector
on the PC or controller.
Pins 6 and 8 are connected together and held at a positive voltage.
Common Communications Port Connectors, such as those found on PCs, are DB-9 and DB-25.
The standard pin assignments for these connectors are as follows:

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
The remaining pins are not connected to the Model 458-2SL.
User Command Interface
ASCII command set compliant with IEEE 488.2 and in Hex ASCII two-character bytes per 488
bus data byte.
RS-232 - LF, Baud rate 300 to 19200, commands use terminating character (Carriage Return),
eight Data Bits, one Stop Bit.
Serial RS-232 Mode Command List
sl:aa:xxxx
Set card aa length to xxxx
aa=card no. 01-CC, xxxx=length CC=02 458-2SL CC=16 458-B
sl:aa-bb:xxxx
Set cards aa-bb length to xxxx
aa-bb = card no. in range of aa to bb
set to length of xxxx
sl:aa+bb:xxxx
Set cards aa+bb length to xxxx
aa,bb = two cards joined for a total
length of xxxx
sl:all:xxxx
Set all cards length to xxxx
all cards set to length of xxxx
le
Length I/O in English units
length xxxx in feet or K feet
lm
Length I/O in Metric units
length xxxx in meters or K meters
Page 5
DB-9 DB-25 Direction
Received Data 2 3 Serial Data from Model 458-2SL
Transmitted Data 3 2 Serial Data to Model 458-2SL
Ground 5 7 Common Ground
CTS 8 5 + Voltage Out
DSR 6 6 + Voltage Out

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
rl:aa
Read length of card aa
read length of card aa
rl:aa-bb
Read length of cards aa-bb
read length of cards in range from aa to bb
rl:aa+bb
Read length of cards aa+bb
read joined length of cards aa and bb
rl:all
Read length of all cards
read length of cards all cards
rs:aa
Read serial no. of card aa
read sn of card aa, read sn of control
module aa=00
rs:aa-bb
Read serial no. of card aa-bb
read sn of cards in the range of aa to bb
rs:all
Read serial no. of all cards
read sn of control module and all cards
md
Disable manual control
disable manual setting of lengths or
configuration (used in 458-2SL only)
me
Enable manual control
enable manual setting of lengths or
configuration (used in 458-2SL only)
id
Identify model no. and rev.
read model no. and software revision code
Page 6

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
re
Read last error
read description of last error
ee
Echo enable
echo all inputs and format output for
terminal display
ed
Echo disable
inputs not echoed and format output for
user control program
ts:aa:r
Test single segment
turn on single segment of card aa, r = a - f
h
Help RS232 command list
read RS232 command list
cs:BR
Configure serial
where BR = 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200
cp:ADD
Configure 488
where ADD = 1, 2, ... 29, 30 (No leading zeroes used)
Page 7

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
5.0
IEEE Controls
Connections
The Model 458-2SL is completely controllable from an IEEE 488.1 (488.2) source.The following
section explains the connections and controls necessary for IEEE operation.
Page 8
Figure 3 IEEE 24-pin Connector
Connect a standard IEEE cable from the Model 458-2SL to the IEEE General Purpose Interface
Bus controller.
User Command Interface
The Model 458-2SL is intended to be operated from an IEEE Controller such as a PC equipped
with an IEEE interface board. The set up of your computer and IEEE controller board may be
differentdependingonthe manufacturerofyourequipment.Followthesetupinstructions supplied
with your equipment.

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
IEEE Mode Command List
:setcard:length:aa:xxxx
Set card aa length to xxxx
aa=card no. 01-16, xxxx=length
:setcard:length:aa-bb:xxxx
Set cards aa-bb length to xxxx
aa-bb = card no. in range of aa to bb
set to length of xxxx
:setcard:length:aa+bb:xxxx
Set cards aa+bb length to xxxx
aa,bb = two cards joined for a total
length of xxxx
:setcard:length:all:xxxx
Set all cards length to xxxx
cards 01 to 16 set to length of xxxx
:length:english
Length I/O in English units
length xxxx in feet or K feet
:length:metric
Length I/O in Metric units
length xxxx in meters or K meters
:readcard:length:aa
Read length of card aa
read length of card aa
:readcard:length:aa-bb
Read length of cards aa-bb
read length of cards in range from aa to bb
:readcard:length:aa+bb
Read length of cards aa+bb
read joined length of cards aa and bb
Page 9

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
:readcard:length:all
Read length of all cards
read length of cards 01 to 16
:readcard:sn:aa
Read serial no. of card aa
read sn of card aa, read sn of control
module aa=00
:readcard:sn:aa-bb
Read serial no. of card aa-bb
read sn of cards in the range of aa to bb
:manual:disable
Disable manual control
disable manual setting of lengths or configuration
:manual:enable
Enable manual control
enable manual setting of lengths or configuration
:readcard:sn:all
Read serial no. of all cards
read sn of control module and cards 01 to 16
:lasterror
Read last error
read description of last error
*idn?
Identify model no. and rev.
read model no. and software revision code
*esr?
Event Status Register read
read IEEE esr
*sre?
Status Request Enable read
read IEEE sre
Page 10

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
*stb?
Status Byte register read
read IEEE stb
*ese?
Enable Status Event read
read IEEE ese
*sre xx
Status Request Enable write
write IEEE sre xx
*ese xx
Enable Status Event write
write IEEE ese
:cs:BR
Configure serial
where BR = 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200
:cp:ADD
Configure 488
where ADD = 1, 2, ... 29, 30 (No leading zeroes used)
Notes: All Set card lengths, English/Metric mode and Echo enable/disable are maintained during
power off in both RS-232 and IEEE modes. Manual control is enabled at power on.
Page 11
*SRExx Enables Status Bits as defined by the numerical value of the bits following the
command.
*SRE? Used to read the Enabling Bits in the Status Register.
*STB? Reads the Status Register
*ESExx Enables Event Status Bits as defined by the numerical value of the bits
following the command.
*ESE? Used to read the Enabling Bits in the Event Status Enable Register.
*ESR? Reads the Event Status Enable Register.

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D Page 12
Status Byte Register
Bit Value Set Operation
0 1 0 Not Supported
1 2 0 Not Supported
2 4 0 Not Supported
3 8 0 Not Supported
4 16 1 Enable Message Available bit (MAV)
5 32 1 Enable Event Status Bit (ESB)
6 64 1 MSS this bit is always enabled
7 128 0 Not Supported
Event Status Enable Register
Bit Value Set Operation
0 1 1 Operation Complete
1 2 0 Not Supported
2 4 1 Query Error
3 8 0 Not Supported
4 16 1 Execution Error
5 32 1 Command Error
6 64 0 Not Supported
7 128 1 Power On

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
Appendix A
Line Module Theory of Operation
All of our reliable 458 Line Modules can be used to create a wide variety of configurations.These
easy-to-use modules plug into our 458 series of Multi-Channel Local Loop Simulators.The use of
high-precision inductors, resistors and capacitors facilitates full bi-directional operation at all
specified frequencies.
Equivalent Circuit
A wideband equivalent circuit of a two-wire transmission line is shown in Figure 4. The circuit
consists of series inductance and resistance along with shunt capacitance and conductance.
The electrical parameters used to determine the equivalent circuit for 26 AWG PIC cables at 70º
F are provided by ANSI TI.413.
The series resistance, R, and shunt conductance, G, represent the resistive losses of the
transmission line.The inductance, L, and capacitance, C, are the reactive components of the line.
These elements are not lumped, but are distributed over the entire length of the line.Therefore, a
theoretical equivalent circuit would consist of an infinite number of sections.
Inaddition, these valuesare notfixed,butarefrequencydependent.Forexample,thecomponent
Grepresentsthedielectriclossesintheinsulation ofthewire.Theselossesincreasewith frequency,
consequently, G will decrease at higher frequencies.
TheTelebyteModel458-LM20LineModulerepresents this equivalentcircuitusingafinite number
of networks in series.These networks have been synthesized using interactive computer design
techniques. They have virtually identical characteristics to the theoretical equivalent. A block
diagram of this configuration is illustrated in Figure 4.
Frequency Response
Infinite No. of Sections
L1
R1
R1
G1 C1
L1 L2 R2
L2 R2
G2
Rn Ln
Rn Ln
Gn
Figure 4: Wideband Equivalent Circuit of a Two Wire Transmission Line
Page 13

Model 458-2SL User Manual - Rev. D
Network
1
Network
1
Network
1
N
Sections
Figure 5: Simulator Block Diagram
Transmission line theory indicates that maximum power transfer efficiency is obtained when
transmissionlinesareterminatedwiththeircharacteristic impedance.However,thisisnotpractical
since the characteristic impedance varies with frequency.Use of 100 Ωfor terminating wire lines
operating in this frequency range has become standard practice in the industry.
Measurements must always be made using a transformer-coupled source and load. When
individualsectionsofthe wirelinesimulatorareconnected intandem,theattenuationcharacteristics
arecumulative.Thatis,thelossesindBateach frequencyaredirectlyadditive(withinthe tolerances
of each line module).
Page 14