Texas Instruments Chipcon CC2400DBK User manual

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User Manual
Rev. 1.2
CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit

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Table of contents
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 3
PCB ........................................................................................................................................... 4
RF SECTION ............................................................................................................................ 4
ANTENNA ................................................................................................................................. 4
POWER SUPPLY SECTION .......................................................................................................... 7
RS-232 INTERFACE.................................................................................................................. 8
MICROCONTROLLER AND USER INTERFACE ................................................................................ 8
PCB LAYOUT ......................................................................................................................... 11
USING THE CC2400DB DEMONSTRATION BOARD.......................................................... 22
CC2400 SOFTWARE DOWNLOAD AND EVALUATION USING AVR STUDIO 4 ................................. 22
RC OSCILLATOR ..................................................................................................................... 23
MICROCONTROLLER EEPROM MAPPING................................................................................. 23
IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING ..................................................................................................... 24
BOOTLOADER......................................................................................................................... 25
INTRODUCTION TO EXAMPLES PROVIDED WITH CC2400DB ...................................................... 26
SETTING UP A SOFTWARE PROJECT FOR CC2400 .................................................................... 27
HARDWARE DEFINITION FILES (HDF) ...................................................................................... 27
HARDWARE LIBRARY FILES (HLF)........................................................................................... 27
CONFIGURE OUTPUT PROFILE.................................................................................................. 28
DATA PACKET DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................... 28
DATA TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL ............................................................................................. 28
TROUBLESHOOTING............................................................................................................ 29
IT DOES NOT WORK ................................................................................................................. 29
ICANNOT PROGRAM THE AVR USING THE SERIAL PORT ............................................................ 29
REFERENCES........................................................................................................................ 29

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Introduction
The CC2400 single-chip RF transceiver provides a highly integrated, flexible low-cost solution
for applications using the world wide unlicensed 2.4 GHz frequency band. The CC2400DBK
demonstration board kit is a complement to the development kit (DK) as the hardware is
representative of an actual application, and it is well suited as a prototyping platform for
application code.
The CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit includes two CC2400DB Demonstration Boards.
These boards contain a CC2400 with necessary support components, an Atmel mega8 AVR
microcontroller, a PCB antenna, as well as a joystick, buttons and LEDs that can be used to
implement a visual user application interface. The demonstration board is also furnished with
connectors where all of the internal signals on the PCB are available.
This User Manual describes how to use the CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit. Atmel’s
AVR Studio and associated software is used to program and debug software. Please see the
reference section of this document for links to Atmel’s documentation on how to use their
tools.
Your CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit should contain the following items:
Kit contents
Item Number of articles
Demonstration Board (CC2400DB) 2
Quick Start instructions 1
CC2400 sample kit 1
RS-232 cables 2
Important:
Contact your local telecommunication authorities before transmitting an RF signal to ensure
that there are no local restrictions on the use of the 2400 –2483.5 MHz ISM band. The
CC2400 operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Although this frequency band is usually
described as “world-wide”, some countries do not allow unlicensed operation in this band.

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PCB
Figure 1 depicts an overview of the CC2400DB with description of the various components
embedded on the PCB.
Figure 1: CC2400DB overview
RF Section
The CC2400DB RF section includes all the necessary components for correct operation. The
CC2400 is connected to a 16 MHz crystal. A small 2.4 GHz PCB antenna is also included. RF
test and measurement equipment can be mounted the PCB by the use of an SMA connector,
by swapping capacitor placement of C63 and C62. See schematics for details. The RF layout
is identical to the CC2400EM, which is part of the CC2400DK Development Kit.
Important:
The CC2400DB demonstration board output power must be reduced for a 100% transmission
duty cycle to be compliant with the FCC 15 2nd harmonics regulation requirement. At the
moment the design is 1 dB above the limit.
Antenna
The PCB antenna is a so-called Inverted-F type. The Inverted-F antenna is a wire monopole
where the top section is folded down to be parallel with the ground plane. By folding the
antenna down you will reduce the height and maintain a resonant wire length. A capacitance
will be introduced to the input impedance of the antenna due to the parallel section. However,
as a rule of thumb design guide, the length + height (L+H) will be approximately equal to a
1.8V voltage
regulator
Optional 9V
battery Leds
4-10 V
DC-jack
Temp. sensor
CC2400 RF
section
PCB
antenna
buttons
MCU
section
RS-232
port
Joystick
3.3V voltage
regulator

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quarter wavelength (λ/4). A reduction of the antenna height (H) will in general decrease the
antenna bandwidth. Please see figure 3 for the antenna dimensions.
Figure 2: Antenna dimensions
The height of the antenna is defined as the distance from the ground plane to the parallel
section, and the length is from the end of the antenna parallel section to the feed point.
Length: L = (26.19 mm – 9.19 mm + 1.22 mm x ½) = 17.61 mm
Height: H = (6.17 mm + 0.97 mm - 1.19 mm x ½) = 6.55 mm
Quarter wavelength: λ/4 = (L + H) = 17.61 mm + 6.55 mm = 24.16 mm
The physical size of the antenna is decreased somewhat compared to the theoretical length,
(λ= c/4*f = 3x108/ 4x2.45x109) = 30.61 mm

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The radiated pattern for the PCB antenna was measured with the horizontal polarization
direction for the CC2400DB by measuring with vertical and horizontal mounting of the
demonstration board.
Important:
In practical range testing outdoors with line-of-sight (LOS) and use of the rfBlinkLed
application example, the following range has been verified at Chipcon Norway with optimal
SmartRF Studio settings for the respective data rates:
1. Data rate settings 1 Mbps, range measured: 140 meters
2. Data rate settings 250 kbps, range measured: 240 meters
Please note that these range tests were performed at 0
° C with a simple packet protocol, no
link margin, no robust protocol, close to the sensitivity limit of CC2400, and no retransmission.
CC2400DB
0 degr.
Top view
Antenna
Figure 3: Radiated pattern horizontal mounting

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Figure 3 depicts the antenna pattern while the CC2400DB is mounted horizontally with the
antennas parallel section aligned to the 0 degree direction.
Antenna
CC2400DB
0 degr.
Top view
Figure 4: Radiated antenna pattern vertical mounting
Figure 4 depicts the antenna pattern while the CC2400DB is mounted vertically with the
antennas parallel section aligned to the 0 degree direction.
Power supply section
The power supply section contains two voltage regulators: a 3.3 V regulator for use by the
microcontroller and the I/O pins of the CC2400, and a 1.8 V regulator for powering the
CC2400 core.
A diode prevents permanent damage if wrong polarity is applied to the board. There are two
power connectors; a 2.5mm DC jack-type connector allows you to connect an unregulated
battery eliminator easily (the positive supply is on the center pin), and a connector for a 9V
battery on the bottoms side of the PCB. It is also possible to use 3 or 4 AA or AAA alkaline
cells to power the CC2400DB if a suitable battery pack is used.

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RS-232 interface
A serial port is included on the CC2400DB. This port is used when software is programmed
into the AVR MCU using the boot loader, and is also used by several of the example
programs. The port includes support for RTS/CTS-type hardware flow control (handshaking).
Important:
It is important to be aware that maximum data rate for the Atmega8 RS-232 interface on
CC2400DB is 38.4 Kbps due to the use of the internal RC oscillator. Please see the Atmega8
datasheet for a baud rate error overview with the respect to a selected oscillator frequency.
Microcontroller and user interface
The microcontroller used is an AVR Atmega8L from Atmel. This controller has 8 KB of Flash
program memory, 1 KB of SRAM data memory and 512 bytes of non-volatile EEPROM data
memory. The controller runs on its internal oscillator, and is interfaced to the CC2400 via its
built-in SPI interface as well as some general I/O pins.
The MCU is also connected to three LEDs, a joystick and an extra button for user interface
purposes. The different examples use these peripherals differently. An analog temperature
sensor is also included.
An ISP connector is provided for programming the AVR without using the serial port. In this
case an Atmel AVR programmer should be connected to this connector.
All of the I/O pins are connected to footprints for 2 x 10 pin-row connectors. These connectors
are compatible with Agilent logic analyzer probes, and can be used either for testing or for
prototyping. For instance, it is possible to add a daughter board with additional circuitry using
these connectors.
AVR Pin
Number AVR pin name Pin usage I/O connector
1 PD3/INT1 CC2400 DIO/DKT P4 pin 14
2 PD4/XCK/T0 Yellow LED P4 pin 7
7 PB6/XTAL1/TOSC
1
Joystick up P3 pin 9
8 PB7/XTAL2/TOSC
2
Joystick right P3 pin 7
9 PD5/T1 Joystick down P3 pin 6
10 PD6/AIN0 Joystick left P3 pin 3
11 PD7/AIN1 Joystick center push P3 pin 5
12 PB0/ICP RS-232 handshaking RTS, push
button
P3 pin 13
13 PB1/OC1A RS-232 handshaking CTS, Red LED P3 pin 17
14 PB2/SS/OC1B CC2400 chip select P4 pin 13
15 PB3/MOSI/OC2 CC2400 SI, AVR ISP P4 pin 8
16 PB4/MISO CC2400 SO, AVR ISP P4 pin 6
17 PB5/SCK CC2400 SCK, AVR ISP P4 pin 4
19 ADC6 Not used P4 pin 11
22 ADC7 Temperature sensor P4 pin 9
23 PC0/ADC0 CC2400 GIO6 P4 pin 10

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24 PC1/ADC1 CC2400 GIO1 P4 pin 19
25 PC2/ADC2 CC2400 TX P4 pin 16
26 PC3/ADC3 CC2400 RX P4 pin 18
27 PC4/ADC4/SDA RS-232 on/off P3 pin 11
28 PC5/ADC5/SCL Green LED P4 pin 5
29 PC6/RESET Reset button, AVR ISP P4 pin 3
30 PD0/RXD RS-232 receive data from PC P3 pin 15
31 PD1/TXD RS-232 transmit data to PC P3 pin 19
32 PD2/INT0 CC2400 DCLK/FIFO P4 pin 12
Table 1: AVR I/O pins

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Pin
number Signal name in schematic Pin usage CC2400 pin AVR pin
1
2 Unregulated supply
voltage
3 PD6 Joystick left 10 (PD6/AIN0)
4
5 PD7 Joystick center push 11 (PD7/AIN1)
6 PD5 Joystick down 9 (PD5/T1)
7 PB7 Joystick right 8
(PB7/XTAL2/TOSC2)
8
9 PB6 Joystick up 7
(PB6/XTAL1/TOSC1)
10
11 FORCE_ON RS-232 on/off 27 (PC4/ADC4/SDA)
12
13 RTS RS-232 handshaking,
push button
12 (PB0/ICP)
14
15 RXD0 RS-232 data from PC 30 (PD0/RXD)
16
17 CTS RS-232 handshaking,
Red LED
13 (PB1/OC1A)
18
19 TXD0 RS-232 data to PC 31 (PD1/TXD)
20 GND Ground
Table 2: P3 pinout

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Pin
number Signal name in schematic Pin usage CC2400 pin AVR pin
1
2
3 RESET Reset 29 (PC6/RESET)
4 SCLK CC2400 serial clock,
AVR ISP
32 (SCLK) 17 (PB5/SCK)
5 PC5 Green LED 28 (PC5/ADC5/SCL)
6 SO CC2400 SPI out, AVR
ISP
34 (SO) 16 (PB4/MISO)
7 PD4 Yellow LED 2 (PD4/XCK/T0)
8 SI CC2400 SPI in, AVR
ISP
33 (SI) 15 (PB3/MOSI/OC2)
9 ADC7 Temperature sensor 22 (ADC7)
10 GIO6 CC2400 GIO6 35 (GIO6) 23 (PC0/ADC0)
11 ADC6 Not used 19 (ADC6)
12 DCLK/FIFO CC2400 DCLK/FIFO 30
(DCLK/FIF
O)
32 (PD2/INT0)
13 CSn CC2400 chip select 31 (CSn) 14 (PB2/SS/OC1B)
14 DIO/PKT CC2400 DIO/PKT 29
(DIO/PKT)
1 (PD3/INT1)
15 3.3V 3.3V regulated supply
16 TX CC2400 TX 28 (TX) 25 (PC2/ADC2)
17 1.8V 1.8V regulated supply
18 RX CC2400 RX 27 (RX) 26 (PC3/ADC3)
19 GIO1 CC2400 GIO1 21 (GIO1) 24 (OC1/ADC1)
20 GND Ground
Table 3: P4 pinout
PCB layout
RF circuits operating at high frequencies are normally sensitive to the physical layout of the
PCB. Chipcon has carefully optimized the layout of the CC2400DB Demonstration Board and
we therefore recommend that our customer copy, at least the RF parts and the decoupling
around the CC2400 when making their own PCB designs.
The PCB is of a 4-layer type in order to provide a well-defined ground plane as well as
adequate routing space. The laminate used is standard FR-4 board material. The PCB is
1.0mm thick, with layer 1 on the topside, layers 2 and 3 are internal layers and layer 4 is on
the bottom side. Layers 1 and 4 are used for routing, while layer 2 is a ground plane and layer
3 is used for power routing. All areas in the RF section that are not utilized for routing are
filled with copper connected to ground to provide RF shielding. The ground planes on all
layers are stitched together with closely spaced vias.

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Layer 1 Layer 2
Layer 3 Layer 4
Figure 5: CC2400DB PCB layout

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Top Assembly Bottom Assembly
Figure 6: CC2400DB PCB layout silkscreen

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Schematic
Figure 7: CC2400DB schematic page 1

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Figure 8: CC2400DB schematic page 2

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Figure 9: CC2400DB schematic page 3

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Figure 10: CC2400DB schematic page 4

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Figure 11: CC2400DB schematic page 5

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Bill of materials
Bill of materials, CC2400DB Top-level section
Reference Description Value Part
P1 DC jack, 2.5mm
center pin
DC_JACK_2.5
P2 D-Sub, 9 pin, female DSUB_9F
P3 PINROW_2X10 Pin row, 2x10
P3 PINROW_2X10 Pin row, 2x10
R101 Resistor 0603 0 ΩNot Mounted
Bill of materials, CC2400DB RF Section
Reference Description Value Part
C1 Capacitor 0603 2.2 uF, 10% C_2U2_0603_X5R_K_10
C11 Capacitor 0402 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0402_X5R_K_10
C61 Capacitor 0402 0.5 pF, ± 0.25 pF C_0P5_0402_NP0_C_50
C62 Capacitor 0402 5.6 pF, ± 0.25 pF Not Mounted
C63 Capacitor 0402 5.6 pF, ± 0.25 pF C_5P6_0402_NP0_C_50
C71 Capacitor 0402 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0402_X5R_K_10
C81 Capacitor 0402 0.5 pF, ± 0.25 pF C_0P5_0402_NP0_C_50
C101 Capacitor 0402 10 nF, 10% C_10N_0402_X7R_K_25
C161 Capacitor 0402 68 pF, 5% C_68P_0402_NP0_J_50
C251 Capacitor 0402 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0402_X5R_K_10
C261 Capacitor 0402 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0402_X5R_K_10
C411 Capacitor 0402 68 pF, 5% C_68P_0402_NP0_J_50
C421 Capacitor 0402 27 pF, 5% C_27P_0402_NP0_J_50
C431 Capacitor 0402 27 pF, 5% C_27P_0402_NP0_J_50
C481 Capacitor 0402 68 pF, 5% C_68P_0402_NP0_J_50
L61 Inductor 0402 7.5 nH, 5% L_7N5_0402_J
L62 Inductor 0402 5.6 nH, 5% L_5N6_0402_J
L71 Inductor 0402 27 nH, 5% L_27N_0402_J
L81 Inductor 0402 7.5 nH, 5% L_7N5_0402_J
P5 Surface-mount SMA,
straight
SMA_SMD
R4 Resistor 0402 2.2 Ω, 5% R2R2_0402_J
R451 Resistor 0402 43 kΩ, 1% R_43K_0402_F

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Bill of materials, CC2400DB RF Section
Reference Description Value Part
U1 Single-chip
transceiver
CC2400
X1 Crystal, ceramic
SMD 4x25mm
X_16.000/10/10/10/16 (Toyocom
TSX-10A 16M 16pF)
Note: The crystal X1 mounted on the EM board is a 16.000 MHz crystal, with ±10 ppm initial
tolerance, ± 10 ppm drift over temperature and a temperature range of –10˚C to +60˚C. The
crystal is designed for 16 pF load capacitance. In an actual application, the tolerance, drift
and temperature range of the crystal must be considered with application requirements in
mind. Please consult the data sheet and SmartRF®Studio for more information. It is possible
to choose a larger crystal package to save cost. The crystal should have an ESR of 60 Ωor
less.
Bill of materials, CC2400DB MCU section
Reference Description Value Part
C201 Capacitor 0603 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0603_X7R_K_50
C202 Capacitor 0603 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0603_X7R_K_50
C203 Capacitor 0603 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0603_X7R_K_50
C204 Capacitor 0603 33 nF, 10% C_33N_0603_X7R_K_25
C205 Capacitor 0603 100 nF, 10% C_100N_0603_X7R_K_50
D2 LED, red, SMD Red LED_CL150URCD
D3 LED, yellow, SMD Yellow LED_CL150YCD
D4 LED, green, SMD Green LED_CL150GCD
L201 EMI filter bead BLM18AG102SN1D
P6 ISP connector PINROW_2X3
R201 Resistor 0603 0 Ω, 1% R_0_0603
R202 Resistor 0603 0 Ω, 1% R_0_0603
R203 Resistor 0603 0 Ω, 1% R_0_0603
R204 Resistor 0603 270 Ω, 1% R_270_0603_J
R205 Resistor 0603 270 Ω, 1% R_270_0603_J
R206 Resistor 0603 270 Ω, 1% R_270_0603_J
R207 Resistor 0603 10 kΩ, 1% R_10K_0603_G
R208 Resistor 0603 10 kΩ, 1% R_10K_0603_G
S1 Push button, SMD ALPS-SKHUAF
S2 Push button, SMD ALPS-SKHUAF
U2 Temperature sensor,
SOT23
LM61
U3 Atmel microcontroller,
MLF32
Atmega8