Toshiba T1950 User manual

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1.1 Features
The T1950, T1950CS and T1950CT units consist of the following features.
Processor Intel SL-Enhanced 486DX2/40Mhz. (P24S chip)
Processor Type DX2: (3.3v w/8KB internal cache) Co-processor embedded.
BIOS 128KB flash EPROM (150ns)
RAM 4MB Expandable to 20MB (80ns)
Display T1950: Fluorescent Sidelit Monochrome LCD
T1950CS: Dynamic-STN Dual Scan Color LCD
T1950CT: TFT Active Matrix Color LCD
Ext. Display T1950 & T1950CS: VGA 640 x 480 (16 colors of 4096)
T1950CT: 800 x 600/256 colors;1024 x 768/256 colors
(using Toshiba supplied drivers)
FDD 3 1/2" 1.44MB
HDD T1950 & T1950CS: 120MB/200MB
T1950CT: 200MB/320MB
Optional Peripherals 101-key Keyboard (PS/2)
1 - 14.5mm PCMCIA Type III (2.0)
Ports 19-PIN Serial (16450 UART)
1Parallel/FDD: BI-DIR
115-PIN RGB
1Mouse Quick Port (DCBM)
1PS/2 Mouse Port (not usable if DCBM connected)
Keyboard 1101-key Keyboard Port (PS/2)
82-Keys, 3mm Travel
Battery NIMH (12V 2400mAH) PART# PA2420UXRA
Battery Life 2-3 HRS.
Recharge Time 1.4-2.3 HRS (Computer off only)
AC Adapter T1950 & T1950CS: Input: 100-240VAC , Input Frequency:
50-60Hz, Input Power: .5A - .28A (50/60Hz)
Output Voltage: 18 VDC, 1.1A
T1950CT: Input: 100-240VAC, Input Frequency: 50-60Hz,
Input Power: .7A - .4A (50/60Hz)
Output Voltage: 18 VDC, 1.7 A
Bundled Software Toshiba DOS 6.0; Windows 3.1; MaxTime; Ultrafont.
Dimensions T1950: 11.7"W x 8.4"D x 2.0"H, 6.4 lbs.
T1950CS & T1950CT: 11.7"W x 8.4"D x 2.1"H, 7 lbs.

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The T1950 Series Personal Computer is shown in Figure 1-1, and its system configuration is
shown in Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-1 T1950 Series Personal Computer
Figure 1-2 T1950 Series System Unit Configuration

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1.2 System Unit Block Diagram
Figure 1-3 is a block diagram of the T1950 Series system unit.
Figure 1-3 T1950 Series System Board Block Diagram

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The T1950 Series system board is composed of the following major components:
❑An i486DX2-40 CPU
❑Super Integration (SI) T9901, which stores the following components:
•Two Direct Memory Access Controllers (DMAC): 82C37
•Two Programmable Interrupt Controllers (PIC): 82C59
•One Programmable Interval Timer (PIT): 82C54
•One Floppy Disk Controller (FDC): TC8565
•One Serial Input/Output Controller (SIO): TC8570
•One Variable Frequency Oscillator (VFO): TC8568
•One I/O Controller
•One Printer Port Controller
•One Speaker Controller
❑A Real Time Clock (RTC)
One T9934 chip is used. The T9934 has 128 of bytes memory. Fourteen bytes of
memory are used for the calendar and clock. The remaining 114 bytes are used for the
system configuration data.
OSC (X3) generates 32.768 KHz for RTC.
❑A Keyboard Controller (KBC)
One M37452M4 chip is used.
This KBC includes the keyboard scan controller and keyboard interface controller.
The KBC controls the internal keyboard, external keyboard port, PS/2 mouse port,
and Ball Point Quick Port.
❑The following memories:
Standard RAM: 4 MB
Cache memory: 8 KB (inside CPU)
BIOS ROM: 128 KB (96 KB are used)
This ROM contains Initial Reliability Test (IRT), Basic Input/
Output System (BIOS), and video BIOS.
Video RAM: 256 KB
Optional memory cards expand memory to a maximum of 20 MB.
❑VGA display controller
T1950/T1950CS (GOGH): This controller controls internal and external VGA com-
patible display.
T1950CT (WD90C24): This controller controls internal VGA display and external
SVGA compatible display.

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❑Clock Generator receives 14.31818 MHz (X2) and generates the following frequen-
cies:
•20 MHz for the CPU (CPU operates at 40MHz.)
•14.7456 MHz for the COM
•24 MHz for the FDC and VFO
•16 MHz is used for GA
•14.31818 MHz is used for T9901 (SI)
❑Gate Array
System Controller Gate Array
This gate array has the following functions:
•CPU Controller
•Memory Controller
-DRAM Controller
-Compatible Bus Interface Controller
•SMI Controller
•VL Bus Controller
•Bus Controller
-Compatible Bus Interface Controller
-Compatible Access Controller
-DMAC Controller
-I/O Controller
•Address Latch Controller
-32-Bit to 16-Bit Controller
-Address Latch
-DMA Address Generator
-Refresh Address Generator
•I/O Register
-Compatible I/O Port
-Saving the data of the Register (in resume) Controller
-Toshiba Special Register
•40 MHz/20 MHz Controller
•Data Bus Change Controller
•Data Latch
PCMCIA Controller Gate Array
This gate array has the following functions:
•Memory Card Controller
-PCMCIA IC Card Controller
-Toshiba Modem Card Controller

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1.3 3.5-inch Floppy Disk Drive
The T1950 Series 3.5-inch Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) is a thin, high-performance reliable drive
that supports 720-KB (formatted) 2DD and 1.44-MB (formatted) 2HD 3.5-inch floppy disks.
The T1950 Series FDD is shown in Figure 1-4, and specifications are listed in Table 1-1.
Figure 1-4 3.5-inch FDD
Table 1-1 3.5-inch FDD Specifications
Item 2-MB mode 1-MB mode
Storage capacity (KB)
Unformatted 2,000 1,000
Formatted 1,311 737
Number of heads 2 2
Number of cylinders 80 80
Access time (ms)
Track to track 3 3
Average 181 181
Head settling time 15 15
Recording track density (tpi) 135 135
Data transfer rate (Kbps) 500 250
Rotation speed (rpm) 300 300
Recording method Modified Frequency Modulation (MFM)

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1.4 2.5-inch Hard Disk Drive
The Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is a random access non-volatile storage device. It has a non-
removable 2.5-inch magnetic disk and mini-winchester type magnetic heads.
The T1950/T1950CS supports a 120 or 200 MB HDD. The T1950CT supports a 200 or
320 MB HDD.
A T1950 Series HDD is shown in Figure 1-5, and specifications are listed in Table 1-2.
Figure 1-5 2.5-inch HDD
Table 1-2 2.5-inch HDD Specifications
120 MB 200 MB 320 MB
(CP2124) (MK2124FC) (MK2224FC) (MK2326FC)
Storage capacity (MB)
Formatted 121.6 130.1 213.0 340.0
Number of disks 2 2 2 3
Data heads 4 4 4 6
Data surfaces 4 4 4 6
Tracks per surface 1,123 1,155 1,560 1,830
Sectors per track 53 (+1) 55 (+1) – –
Bytes per sector 512 512 512 512
Access time (ms)
Track to track 3 5 3 3
Average 16 17 12 12
Maximum 30 36 25 25
Rotation speed (rpm) 3,743 3,200 4,000 4,200
Data transfer rate (bps)
To/from media 18 M 15.3 M 18.9 to 18.7 to
31.6 M 29.6 M
Interleave 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1
Recording method 2-7 RLL 1-7 RLL 1-7 RLL 1-7 RLL

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1.5 Keyboard
The 82-(USA) or 84-(European) keyboard is mounted on the T1950 Series system unit, and is
connected to the keyboard controller on the system board through a 19-pin flat cable. The
keyboard is shown in Figure 1-6.
Figure 1-6 Keyboard

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1.6 Monochrome LCD (T1950)
The monochrome Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is composed of an LCD module, a Fluores-
cent Lamp (FL), and an FL inverter board.
1.6.1 Monochrome LCD Module
The T1950 monochrome LCD supports 640x480 pixels with a Video controller and 64 levels
of gray. The video controller includes the functions of the Video Graphics Array (VGA).
The LCD receives vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals, 8-bit data signals (4-bit upper
block data signal and 4-bit lower block data signal), and shift clock for data transmission. All
signals are CMOS-level compatible.
The sidelit LCD is shown in Figure 1-7, and its specifications are listed in Table 1-3.
Figure 1-7 Monochrome LCD
Table 1-3 Monochrome LCD Specifications
Item Specifications
Number of Dots (dots) 640 x 480
Dot pitch (mm) 0.30 (W) x 0.30 (H)
Display area (mm) 198 (W) x 150 (H)
Contrast 17:1 (typically)
FL current (mA) 5.0
FL frequency (KHz) 42

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1.6.2 Monochrome Fluorescent Lamp (FL) Inverter Board
The FL inverter board supplies the high frequency current needed to illuminate the FL.
The specifications for the FL inverter board are listed in Table 1-4.
Table 1-4 Monochrome FL Inverter Board Specifications
Item Specifications
Input Voltage (VDC) 5
Power (W) 2.2
Voltage (VAC) 950
Output Current (mA) 4.2
Frequency (KHz) 38.5