Troy-Bilt 12214 - 5.5HP User manual

$4.50
GARDEN WAY
”
Owner’s Manual
REAR-TINE TILLERS
• Safety
• Assembly
• Controls
• Operation
• Maintenance
• Parts List
Models
12214-5.5HP
12193-6.5 HP
GARDEN WAY INCORPORATED

Table of Contents
Dear Owner:
You now own one of the finest counter-rotating-tine (CRT)
tillers available. Your tiller provides excellent sod busting
and seedbed preparation, making it ideal for starting new
gardens and for a variety of landscaping jobs. Your tiller is
well-known for its ruggedness, performance and high-
quality engineering. We know you’ll enjoy using it.
Please carefully read this Manual. It tells you how to safely
and easily assemble, operate and maintain your machine.
Be sure that you and any other operators carefully follow
the recommended safety practices at all times. Failure to
do so could result in personal injury or property damage.
Of course, if you should ever have any problems or
questions, please contact your local authorized dealer or
call the Factory (see back cover of this manual). We want
to be sure that you are completely satisfied at all times.
NOTE: Be sure to fill out and return the Warranty Registra¬
tion Card that was supplied with this Manual.
See Back Cover for
Customer Service Information
Safety Alert Symbol
This is a safety alert symbol. It is used in this
manual and on the unit to alert you to potential
hazards. When you see this symbol, read and
obey the message that follows it. Failure to obey
safety messages could result in personal injury or property
damage.
This machine meets voluntary safety standard B71.8
- 1996, which Is sponsored by the Outdoor Power
Equipment Institute, Inc., and is published by the
American National Standards Institute.
A WARNING
The engine exhaust from this product contains
chemicals known to the State of California to cause
cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm.
SECTION 1: SAFETY. 3
Safety Decals. 5
SECTION 2: ASSEMBLY.... 6
Attach Handlebar. 7
Move Tiller Off Shipping Platform. 7
Install Fonward Clutch Cable. 8
Install Reverse Clutch Cable. 9
Check Level of Transmission Gear Oil. 9
Add Motor Oil to Engine. 9
Check Hardware for Tightness. 9
Check Air Pressure in Tires. 9
SECTIONS: FEATURES & CONTROLS. 10
Wheel Drive Pins. 10
Forward Clutch Bail. 11
Reverse Clutch Control... 11
Depth Regulator Lever. 12
Handlebar Height Adjustment. 12
Anti-Reverse Stake. 12
Engine Controls. 12
SECTION 4: OPERATION. 13
Break-In Operation. 13
Starting and Stopping the Engine. 13
Operating the Tiller. 14
Loading and Unloading the Tiller. 15
Tilling Tips & Techniques. 16
SECTION 5: MAINTENANCE . 18
Required Maintenance Schedule. 18
Tiller Lubrication. 19
Check for Oil Leaks. 19
Check Hardware. 19
Check Tire Pressure. 19
Transmission Gear Oil Service. 19
Tines. 20
Checking and Adjusting Forward Drive Belt Tension. 20
Forward Clutch Bail Adjustment. 21
Checking and Adjusting Reverse Drive Beit Tension. 22
Engine Cleaning. 22
Air Cleaner Service. 22
Engine Oil Service. 23
Spark Plug Service. 23
Spark Arrester Screen Service. 23
Carburetor/Governor Control Adjustments. 23
Throttle Lever Adjustment. 23
Off Season Storage. 23
Troubleshooting. 24
PARTS LIST... 25
CUSTOMER SERVICE INFORMATION.Back Cover
2

SPARK ARRESTER WARNING TO RESIDENTS OF CALIFORNIA AND SEVERAL OTHER STATES
Under California law, and under the laws of several other states, you are not permitted to operate an
internal combustion engine using hydrocarbon fuels on any forest, brush, hay, grain, or grass
covered land; or land covered by any flammable agricultural crop without an engine spark arrester in
continuous effective working order.
The engine on the unit is an Internal combustion engine which burns gasoline, a hydrocarbon fuel, and must be equipped with a
spark arrester muffler in continuous effective working order. The spark arrester must be attached to the engine exhaust system in
such a manner that flames or heat from the system will not ignite flammable material. Failure of the owner/operator of the unit to
comply with this regulation is a misdemeanor under California law (and other states) and may also be a violation of other state
and/or federal regulations, laws, ordinances or codes. Contact your local fire marshal or forest service for specific information
about which regulations apply in your area.
Training
1. Carefully read this
Owner’s Manual, the
separate Engine Owner’s
Manual, and any other literature you may
receive. Be thoroughly familiar with the
controls and the proper use of the tiller
and Its engine. Know how to stop the unit
and disengage the controls quickly.
2. Never allow children to operate the
tiller. Never allow adults to operate the
tiller without proper instruction.
3. Keep the area of operation clear of all
persons, particularly children and pets.
4. Keep in mind that the operator or user
is responsible for accidents or hazards
occurring to other people, their property,
and themselves.
Preparation
1. Thoroughly Inspect the area where the
tiller is to be used and remove all foreign
objects.
2. Be sure all tiller controls are released
and both wheels are in the Wheel Drive
position before starting the engine.
3. Do not operate the tiller without
wearing adequate outer garments. Avoid
loose garments or jewelry that could get
caught In moving parts.
4. Do not operate the tiller when barefoot
or wearing sandals, sneakers, or light
footwear. Wear protective footwear that
will Improve footing on slippery surfaces.
5. Do not till near underground electric
cables, telephone lines, pipes or hoses. If
in doubt, contact your telephone or utility
company.
6. Warning: Handle fuel with care; it is
highly flammable and its vapors are
explosive. Be sure to take the following
precautions:
a. Store fuel in containers specifically
designed for this purpose.
fa. The gas cap shall never be removed
or fuel added while the engine Is
running. Allow the engine to cool
for several minutes before adding
fuel.
c. Keep matches, cigarettes, cigars,
pipes, open flames, and sparks
away from the fuel tank and fuel
container.
d. Fill fuel tank outdoors with extreme
care. Never fill fuel tank indoors.
Use a funnel or spout to prevent
spillage.
e. Replace all fuel tank and container
caps securely.
f. If fuel is spilled, do not attempt to
start the engine, but move the
machine away from the area of
spillage and avoid creating any
source of ignition until fuel vapors
have dissipated.
7. Never make adjustments when engine
Is running (unless recommended by
manufacturer).
Operation
1. Do not put hands or feet near or under
rotating parts. The tines begin to rotate
backward once the engine starts and the
Forward Clutch Bail or the Reverse Clutch
Control Is engaged.
2. Exercise extreme caution when on or
crossing gravel drives, walks, or roads.
Stay alert for hidden hazards or traffic. Do
not carry passengers.
3. After striking a foreign object, stop the
engine, remove the wire from the spark
plug and prevent it from touching the
spark plug, thoroughly inspect the
machine for any damage, and repair the
damage before restarting and operating
the machine.
4. Exercise caution to avoid slipping or
falling.
5. If the unit should start to vibrate abnor¬
mally, stop the engine, disconnect the
spark plug wire and prevent it from
touching the spark plug, and check
immediately for the cause. Vibration is
generally a warning of trouble.
6. Stop the engine, disconnect the spark
plug wire and prevent it from touching
the spark plug whenever you leave the
operating position, before unclogging the
tines, or when making any repairs, adjust¬
ments or inspections.
3

Section 1: Safety
7. Take all possible precautions when
leaving the machine unattended. Stop the
engine. Disconnect spark plug wire and
move it away from the spark plug. Be
sure both wheels are in the Wheel Drive
position.
8. Before cleaning, repairing, or Inspect¬
ing, stop the engine and make certain all
moving parts have stopped. Disconnect
the spark plug wire and prevent it from
touching the spark plug to prevent acci¬
dental starting.
8. The flap on the tine hood must be
down when operating the tiller.
10. Never use the tiller unless proper
guards, plates, or other safety protective
devices are in place.
11. Do not run engine in an enclosed
area. Engine exhaust contains carbon
monoxide gas, a deadly poison that is
odorless, colorless, and tasteless.
12. Keep children and pets away.
13. Never operate the tiller under
engine power if the wheels are in the
Freewheel position. In the Freewheel
position, the wheels will not hold the
tiller back and the revolving tines could
propel the tiller rapidly, possibly
causing loss of control. Always engage
the wheels with the wheel drive pins in
the Wheel Drive position before starting
the engine or engaging the tines/wheels
with the Forward Clutch Bail or the
Reverse Clutch Control.
14. Be aware that the tiller may unex¬
pectedly bounce upward or jump
backward and be propelled toward you if
the tines should strike extremely hard
packed soil, frozen ground, or buried
obstacles like large stones, roots, or
stumps. If in doubt about the tilling con¬
ditions, always use the following
operating precautions to assist you In
maintaining control of the tiller:
a. Walk behind and to one side of the
tiller, using one band on the han¬
dlebars. Relax your arm, but use a
secure hand grip.
b. Use a deep depth regulator
setting.
c. Use slower engine speeds.
d. Clear the tilling area of all large
stones, roots and other debris.
e. Avoid using downward pressure
on handlebars. If need be, use
slight upward pressure to keep the
tines from digging too deeply.
f. Before contacting hard packed soil
at the end of a row, reduce engine
speed and lift handlebars to raise
tines out of the soil.
g. In an emergency, stop tines and
wheels by releasing whichever
clutch control is engaged. Do not
attempt to restrain the tiller.
15. Do not overload the tiller’s capacity
by attempting to till too deeply at too fast
a rate.
16. Never operate the tiller at high
transport speeds on slippery surfaces.
Look behind and use great care when
backing up.
17. Do not operate the tiller on a slope
that is too steep for safety. When on
slopes, slow down and make sure you
have good footing. Never permit the tiller
to freewheel down slopes.
18. Never allow bystanders near the unit.
19. Only use attachments and acces¬
sories that are approved by the manufac¬
turer of the tiller.
20. Use tiller attachments and acces¬
sories when recommended.
21. Never operate the tiller without good
visibility or light.
22. Never operate the tiller if you are
tired, or under the Influence of alcohol,
drugs or medication.
23. Operators shall not tamper with the
engine-governor settings on the machine;
the governor controls the maximum safe
operating speed to protect the engine and
all moving parts from damage caused by
overspeed. Authorized service shall be
sought if a problem exists.
24. Do not touch engine parts which may
be hot from operation. Let parts cool
down sufficiently.
25. Please remember: You can always
stop the tines and wheels by releasing the
Forward Clutch Bail or the Reverse Clutch
Control {whichever control is engaged),
or by moving the ignition switch and/or
throttle control lever on the engine to
“OFF” or “STOP”.
26. To load or unload the tiller, see the
instructions in Section 4 of this Manual.
27. Use extreme caution when reversing
or pulling the machine towards you.
28. Start the engine carefully according to
instructions and with feet well away from
the tines.
29. Never pick up or carry a machine
while the engine is running.
Maintenance and Storage
1. Keep the tiller, attachments and acces¬
sories in safe working condition.
2. Check all nuts, bolts, and screws at
frequent Intervals for proper tightness to
be sure the equipment is in safe working
condition.
3. Never store the tiller with fuel In the
fuel tank inside a building where ignition
sources are present such as hot water
and space heaters, furnaces, clothes
dryers, stoves, electric motors, etc.).
Allow engine to cool before storing in any
enclosure.
4. To reduce the chances of a fire hazard,
keep the engine free of grass, leaves, or
excessive grease.
5. Store gasoline In a cool, well-ventilated
area, safely away from any spark- or
flame-producing equipment. Store
gasoline in an approved container, safely
away from the reach of children.
6. Refer to the Maintenance sections of
this Manual and the separate Engine
Owner’s Manual for instructions if the
tiller Is to be stored for an extended
period.
7. Never perform maintenance while the
engine is running or the spark plug wire
is connected, except when specifically
instructed to do so.
8. If the fuel tank has to be drained, do
this outdoors.
4

Section 1: Safety
Decals
For your safety and the safety of others,
Keep the decals clean and legible at all
various safety and operational decals are times. Contact your local service dealer
located on your unit (see Figure 1 below), or the factory for replacements if any
decals are damaged or missing.
Refer to the Parts List at the back of this
Manual for decal locations, descriptions
and part numbers.
Forward Clutch Bail
Operating instruction
Reverse Clutch Control
Operating Instruction
Starting Stabilization
Message (on engine)
Warning Messages
Hot Surfaces/Moving Belts
Warning (on belt cover)
Figure 1: Location of Safety and Operating Decats.
Operating Symbols
Various symbols (shown here, with word
descriptions) are used on the tiHer and engine
(your unit may not have all of the symbols).
^ •At ^
FAST SLOW CTHD
CHOKE
ON
CHOKE
OFF
TILLER DIRECTION
R
REVERSE
ROTATING
TINES
n N
BAIL
ENGAGED
BAIL
DISENGAGED
LEVER DIRECTION
WARNING
TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
• READ THE OWNER’S MANUAL.
• KNOW LOCATIONS AND FUNCTIONS OF ALL CONTROLS.
• KEEP ALL SAFETY DEVICES AND SHIELDS IN PLACE AND WORKING.
• NEVER ALLOW CHILDREN OR UNINSTRUCTED ADULTS TO OPERATE TILLER.
• SHUT OFF ENGINE AND DISCONNECT SPARK PLUG WIRE BEFORE MANUALLY UNCLOG¬
GING TINES OR MAKING REPAIRS.
• KEEP BYSTANDERS AWAY FROM MACHINE.
• KEEP AWAY FROM ROTATING PARTS.
• USE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN REVERSING OR PULLING THE MACHINE TOWARDS YOU.

n
Assembly
A WARNING
To prevent personal injury or property
damage, do not start the engine until
all assembly steps are complete and
you have read and understand the
safety and operating instructions in this
manual.
Introduction
Carefully follow these assembly steps to
correctly prepare your tiller for use. It is
recommended that you read this Section
in its entirety before beginning assembly.
NOTE: If an assembly step applies only to
certain models, those models are noted at
the beginning of that step. Otherwise, a
step applies to all models.
Inspect unit
Inspect the unit and carton for damage
immediately after delivery. Contact the
carrier (trucking company) if you find or
suspect damage. Inform them of the
damage and request instructions for filing
a claim. To protect your rights, put your
claim in writing and mail a copy to the
carrier within 15 days after the unit has
been delivered. Contact us at the factory if
you need assistance in this matter.
STEP 1: Unpacking Instructions
NOTE: Be careful not to severely bend any
of the control cables on the unit.
1. Remove any cardboard Inserts and
packaging material from the carton.
Remove any staples from the bottom of
the carton and remove the carton.
2. The tiller is heavy (approximately 133
lbs.). Do not attempt to remove it from
the shipping platform until instructed to
do so in these “Assembly” steps.
3. R emove all unassembled parts and the
separate hardware bag from the carton.
Check that you have the items listed
below (contact your local dealer or the
factory if any items are missing or
damaged). MOTE: Use the screw length
template (Fig. 2-1) to identify screws.
Loose Parts List
Qty. Description
1 Handlebar Support (see A, Fig. 2-2,
page?)
1 Handlebar Assembly (see K, Fig. 2-2)
The following items are
in the hardware bag:
1 Slotted hd. screw, #10-24 x 2"
1 Hex hd. screw, 1/4-20 x 1 -1/4“
6 Hex hd. screw, 5/16-18x1-1/2"
2 Hex hd. screw, 3/8-16 x 3/4"
2 Flat washer, 3/8“
6 Split lockwasher, 5/16"
1 Hex locknut, 1/4“-20
6 Hexnut,5/16“-18
2 Hex locknut, 3/8"-16
1 Hex nut, #10-24
1 Spring, cable (see W, Fig. 2-5,
page 8)
1 Bracket, forward clutch cable (see
P, Fig. 2-4, page 8)
1 Bracket, reverse clutch cable (see
BB, Fig. 2-8, page 9).
IMPORTANT: Motor oil must be added to
the engine crankcase before the engine is
started. Follow the instructions In this
"Assembly” section.
MOTE: LEFT and RIGHT sides of the tiller
are as viewed from the operator’s position
behind the handlebars.
Tools/Materials Needed
for Assembly
(1) 3/8” open-end wrench*
(2) 7/16" open-end wrench*
(1) 1/2* open-end wrench*
(2) 9/16" open-end wrench*
(1) Large adjustable wrench
(1) Scissors (to trim plastic ties)
(1) Ruler (for belt tension check)
(1) Block of wood (to support tiller when
removing wheels)
(1) Automotive-type air pressure gauge
(for models with pneumatic tires)
(1) Clean oil funnel
(1) Clean, high-quality motor oil. Refer
to the Engine Owner’s Manual for
motor oil specifications and quantity
required.
* Adjustable wrenches may be used.
Figure 2~1: To identify length of screw,
place screw on template as shown and
measure distance between bottom of
screw head and tip of screw.
6

Section 2: Assembly
STEP 2: Attach Handlebar
1. Attach the two legs of the handlebar
support {A, Fig. 2-2) loosely to the inner
sides of the tiller frame using two 3/8"-16
X 3/4" hex hd. screws (B), 3/8" flat
washers (C) and 3/8"-16 hex locknuts (D).
2. There are three height adjustment holes
in the two handlebar support brackets (E
and F, Fig. 2-2). Choose a setting that will
position the handlebars at approximately
waist level when the tines are 3"-4" Into
the soil. Loosely attach the support
brackets to the handlebar support (A)
using two 5/16"-18 x 1-1/2" screws (G),
5/16" split lockwashers (H) and 5/16"-18
hex nuts (I). NOTE: If a support bracket
will not move, loosen attaching screw (J)
and nut.
3. Attach the handlebar assembly (K) to
the handlebar support (A) using four
5/16"-18 X1-1/2" screws (G), 5/16" split
lockwashers (H) and 5/16M8 hex nuts (1).
Tighten the four screws securely.
4. Tighten ail handlebar mounting
hardware securely.
STEP 3: Move Tiller Off Shipping
Platform
To move the tiller without the engine
running, put the wheels in their
FREEWHEEL position, as described below.
1. Use a sturdy block to raise one wheel
off the ground.
2. Remove the hairpin cotter (L, Fig. 2-3)
and wheel drive pin (M). Slide the wheel
inward on the wheel shaft (N). Reinstall
the wheel drive pin through the wheel
shaft only (not through the wheel hub)
and secure it with the hairpin cotter (push
hairpin cotter In as far as It will go).
Repeat with the other wheel.
3. Using the handlebar as a lever, roll the
tiller to a flat area.
IMPORTANT: Before starting the engine,
the wheels must be placed in their WHEEL
DRIVE position (pins through wheel hubs
and wheel shaft). This procedure is
described in “Wheel Drive Pins” In
Section 3.
Fig. 2-2: Attach handlebar.
Fig. 2-3: Wheel in FBEEWHEELING
position (wheel drive pin Uirough wheel
shaft only).
7

Section 2: Assembly
STEP 4; install Forward Clutch Cable
1. Attach the forward clutch cable bracket (P,
Fig. 2-4) to the handlebar support (A) with a
1/4"-20 X1-1/4" hex hd. screw {R, Fig. 2-4)
and 1/4"-20 hex locknut (S). Tighten securely.
2. Carefully unwrap the forward clutch cable
(cable without a knob) from its shipping
position and slide the thin cable wire (T, Fig.
2-4) into the slot in the cable bracket. Push
the cable connector (U, Fig. 2-4) up through
the hole In the bracket until the groove in the
connector snaps into place.
3. Insert the #10-24 x 2" slotted hd. screw (V,
Fig. 2-5) into the cable spring (W) until the
screw threads extend through the spring.
4. Thread the #10-24 hex nut (2, Fig. 2-5)
halfway onto the screw (V).
5. Thread the screw into the cable adjuster (X).
6. Hook the cable spring (W, Fig. 2-6) Into the
“V^-shaped bend in the Forward Clutch Bail (Y).
7. Check for correct tension on the forward
drive belt by taking two measurements of the
cable spring, as follows:
a. With the Forward Clutch Bail (Y, Fig. 2-6) in
an open (released) position, measure the
length of the cable spring (W) from the
outermost coil to the outermost coil.
b. Lift and hold the Forward Clutch Bail
against the handlebar (see Fig. 2-7) and re¬
measure the length of the coils while the
spring is under tension. The belt tension is
correct if this second measurement is
between 1/16" -to- 3/16" longer than the
first measurement. If so, turn the hex nut
(Z, Fig. 2-7) tightly against the cable
adjuster (X) while preventing the adjuster
from turning.
c. If the spring length is incorrect, you must
adjust the cable tension as described in
“Checking and Adjusting Forward Drive Belt
Tension” in Section 5, Incorrect tension on
the forward drive belt can result In belt
slippage (tension too loose) or unintentional
tine movement when the clutch bail is in
Neutral (tension too tight).
Fig. 2’4: Installing forward clutch cable bracket and cable.
Fig. 2-5: Assemble
spring and adjuster.
8
Fig. 2-T. To check forward belt tension, take two measurements of the
overall length of the coils in the spring - first widt the clutch bail open,
then witit the clutch bail closed against the handlebar.

STEPS: Install Reverse Clutch
Gable
1. Remove the two pre-installed self-
tapping screws (AA, Fig. 2-8) from the
handlebars.
2. Position the reverse cable mounting
bracket (BB, Fig. 2-8) as shown and
reinstall the two self-tapping screws.
3. Unwrap the reverse clutch cable (cable
with a knob and a large nut attached to it)
from around its shipping position and
route the cable (CC, Fig. 2-8 and Fig. 2-9)
up to the cable bracket (BB, Fig. 2-8). Be
sure that the cable is routed beneath the
Forward Clutch Bail.
4. Insert the cable through the slot in the
cable bracket and position the threaded
assembly as shown in Fig. 2-8. Make sure
that the flat side of the threaded assembly
is aligned with the flat side of the
mounting hole. Slide the large hex nut
(DD) up the cable and tighten it securely.
Fig. 2’B: InstaU reverse cable mounting
bracket and the reverse clutch cable.
Fig. 2-9: Route reveme dutch cable (CC) as
shown. Attach to handlebar with cable tie
(BE).
Section 2: Assembly
5. Use a cable tie (EE, Fig. 2-9) to fasten
the reverse clutch cable to the left side
handlebar.
6. Test the function of the reverse clutch
cable by pulling the knob out and
releasing it. The knob should return to its
neutral position (resting against bracket)
when it is released, if It doesn’t, contact
your local dealer or the factory for
technical assistance.
STEP 6: Check Level of
Transmission Gear Oil
The transmission was filled with gear oil
at the factory. However, you should check
the gear oil level to make certain it is
correct.
IMPORTANT: Do not operate the tiller if
the gear oil level is low. Doing so will
result in severe damage to the transmis¬
sion components.
1. With the tiller on level ground, pull the
Depth Regulator Lever (FF, Fig. 2-10)
back and then move it up or down until
the tiller Is level.
2. Remove the oil fill plug (GG, Fig. 2-11)
from the transmission housing and look
into the oil fill hole. You will see the main
drive shaft on one side of the hole.
3. The gear oil level is correct If the gear
oil is approximately halfway up the side of
the drive shaft.
4. If the gear oil level is low, add gear oil
by referring to “A. To Check the Transmis¬
sion Gear Oil Level” in Section 5.
STEP 7: Add Motor OR to Engine
The tiller is shipped without o\\ in the
engine.
IMPORTANT: Do not start the engine
without first adding motor oil. Severe
engine damage will result if the engine is
run without oil.
1. Refer to the Engine Owner’s Manual for
engine oil specifications and capacities.
2. With the tiller on level ground, move
the Depth Regulator Lever (FF, Fig. 2-10)
up or down until the engine is level.
3. Add motor oil as described In the
Engine Owner’s Manual.
Fig. 2-10: Adjust Depth Regulator Lever.
Fig. 2-11: Remove gear oil fill plug.
4. M ove the Depth Regulator Lever all
the way down until the highest notch is
engaged. This places the tines in the
“travel” position.
STEP 8: Check Hardware for
Tightness
Check all nuts and screws for tightness.
STEP 9: Check Air Pressure In
Tires (units with pneumatic tires)
If the tires are equipped with air valves,
check the air pressure with a tire gauge.
Deflate or inflate the tires equally to 15-
to-20 PSl (pounds per square inch). Be
sure that both tires are inflated equally or
the unit will pull to one side.
IMPORTANT: This completes the
assembly steps. Before operating your
tiller, make sure you read the following
Sections in this Manual, as well as the
separate Engine Owner’s Manual:
• Section 1: “Safety”
• Section 3: “Features and Controls”
• Section 4: “Operation”
9

n
Features and Controls
A WARNING
Before operating your machine,
carefully read and understand all
safety, controls and operating instruc¬
tions in this Manual, the separate
Engine Owner’s Manual, and on the
decals on the machine.
Failure to follow these instructions can
result in serious personal injury.
Introduction
This section describes the locations and
functions of the controls on your tiller.
Refer to the next section “Operation” for
detailed operating instructions.
Practice using these controls, with the
engine shut off, until you understand the
operation of the controls and feel
confident with each of them.
Figure 3-1: Features and controls.
IMPORTANT: Refer to the separate
engine manufacturer’s Engine Owner’s
Manual for Information about the
controls on the engine.
Wheel Drive Pins
A WARNING
Never allow either of the wheels to be
in the FREEWHEEL position when the
engine is running. Always put both
wheels in the WHEEL DRIVE position
before starting the engine.
Failure to comply could cause loss of
tiller control, property damage, or
personal injury.
Each wheel is equipped with a Wheel
Drive Pin (A, Figures 3-2 and 3-3) that
secures the wheel to the wheel shaft (B).
The wheels can be positioned in either a
WHEEL DRIVE or a FREEWHEEL mode.
Before starting the engine, put both
wheels in the WHEEL DRIVE position by
inserting the Wheel Drive Pins through
the wheel hubs and the wheel shaft. This
“locks” the wheels to the wheel shaft,
causing the wheels to turn when either
the Forward Clutch Ball or the Reverse
Clutch Control is engaged.
Use the FREEWHEEL mode only when the
engine Is not running, in FREEWHEEL,
the Wheel Drive Pins are placed only
through the holes in the wheel shaft (not
the wheel hubs), thus allowing the wheels
to turn freely when the tiller Is pushed or
pulled by hand.
To Place the Wheels in WHEEL DRIVE
or FREEWHEEL:
A WARNING
Do not place the tiller on its side when
changing the wheel drive positions as
doing so could result in gasoline
leaking from the fuel tank.
Failure to follow this instruction could
result in personal injury or property
damage.
1. Stop the engine, disconnect the spark
plug wire from the spark plug and allow
the engine to cool.
2. Raise one wheel off the ground and
place a sturdy support under the unit.
3. Remove the hairpin cotter (C, Figures
3-2 and 3-3) and the wheel drive pin (A).
10

Section 3: Features and Controls
4. FOR WHEEL DRIVE mode (Figure 3-2):
Slide the wheel outward on the wheel
shaft (B, Figure 3-2) and insert the wheel
drive pin (A) through the wheel hub (D)
and the wheel shaft (B), The wheel is now
locked to the wheel shaft. Install the
hairpin cotter (C) on the wheel drive pin,
pushing the hairpin cotter in as far as it
will go. Repeat for the other wheel and
remove the support from the unit.
5. FOR FREEWHEEL mode (Figure 3-3):
Slide the wheel Inward and insert the
wheel drive pin (A, Figure 3-3) only
through the hole in the wheel shaft (B).
Install the hairpin cotter (C) on the wheel
drive pin, pushing the hairpin cotter in as
far as it will go. Repeat for the other
wheel and remove the support from the
unit.
A WARNING
Before starting the engine, be sure that
both wheels are in the WHEEL DRIVE
position. See "Wheel Drive Pins” for
instructions.
Engaging the Forward Clutch Bail or the
Reverse Clutch Control (if so equipped)
when the wheels are not in the WHEEL
DRIVE position could allow the tines to
rapidly propel the tiller forward or
backward.
Failure to comply could cause loss of
tiller control, property damage, or
personal injury.
Forward Clutch Bail
The Forward Clutch Bail (E, Figure 3-4)
controls the engagement of forward drive
to the wheels and power to the tines.
NOTE: The wheels will rotate in a forward
direction: the tines will rotate counter¬
clockwise (backward toward the operator).
To Operate the Forward Clutch Bail:
1. Put the wheels in the WHEEL DRIVE
position (see the “WARNING” statement
above).
2. Lift and hold the bail against the
handlebar. The wheels and tines will
rotate and the tiller will move in a forward
direction.
3. Release the bail to disengage (stop)
the wheels and tines. Forward tiller
motion will stop (the engine will continue
to run).
Reverse Clutch Control
The Reverse Clutch Control (F, Figure 3-4)
controls the engagement of reverse drive
to the wheels and tines. This powered
reversing feature is used for maneuver¬
ing the tiller only ~ never engage the
tines in the ground while going in the
reverse direction.
A WARNING
• Use extreme caution when reversing
or pulling the machine towards you.
Look behind to avoid obstacles.
• Never attempt to till in reverse.
Failure to follow this warning could
result in personal injury or property
damage.
To Operate the Reverse Clutch Control:
1. Operate only when the wheels are in
the WHEEL DRIVE position (see the
“WARNING” statement at the left).
2. Stop all tiller motion by releasing the
Forward Clutch Bail.
3. Lift up the handlebar until the tines
clear the ground, look behind you to avoid
any obstacles, and then pull the Reverse
Clutch Control knob toward you. The
wheels will rotate in a reverse direction.
4. Release the Reverse Clutch Control
knob to disengage (stop) the wheels and
tines. All reverse motion will stop (the
engine will continue to run).
Figm $4: Fomairf Clubdj Bm! (E) amJRewrse
Clutch Control (F).
11

Section 3: Features and Controls
Depth Regulator Lever
This lever (G, Figure 3-5) controls the
tilling depth of the tines. Pull the lever
straight back and slide it up or down to
engage the notched height settings.
A WARNING
Place the Depth Regulator Lever in the
“travel” position before starting the
engine. This position prevents the
tines from touching the ground until you
are ready to begin tilling.
Failure to follow this warning could
result in personal injury or property
damage.
The highest notch (lever all the way
down) raises the tines approximately 1-
1/2" off the ground. This “travel” setting
allows the tiller to be moved without the
tines digging into the ground. Also use
this setting when starting the engine.
Move the lever upward to increase the
tilling depth. The lowest notch allows a
tilling depth of approximately 6",
depending on soil conditions.
For best results, begin tilling at the
deepest depth possible without causing
the tiller to bog down. Increase the tilling
depth from one pass over the soil to the
next.
Figure 3-5: Depth Regulator Lever.
Handlebar Height Adjustment
The handlebar height is adjustable to
three different settings (see Figure 3-6).
As a general rule, adjust the handlebars
so they are at waist level when the tines
are 3"-4" into the soil.
To Adjust the Handlebars:
1. Stop the engine, disconnect the spark
plug wire from the spark plug and allow
the engine to cool.
2. Remove the screws, lockwashers and
nuts, reposition the handlebars, and
reinstall the hardware.
Figure 3-6: Handlebar height adjustment.
Anti-Reverse Stake
The Anti-Reverse Stake (H, Figure 3-7) is
located at the rear of the tines. Its
purpose is to automatically help prevent
the counter-rotating-tines from letting the
tiller backup in the direction of the
operator if the tiller wheels had been inad¬
vertently left in the FREEWHEEL position.
In this situation, the Anti-Reverse Stake
will be forced down into the ground,
lifting the tines upward out of the soil and
helping prevent backward motion of the
tiller.
The Anti-Reverse Stake requires no adjust¬
ment, but should be inspected before
each tiller use to verify that it swivels
freely. Remove any clogged materials
(dirt, roots, rocks, etc.) that prevent the
Anti-Reverse Stake from swinging freely.
Figure 3-7: Anti-Reverse Stake.
ENGINE CONTROLS
Refer to the engine manufacturer’s Engine
Owner’s Manual (included in the tiller lit¬
erature package) to identify the controls
on your engine.
IMPORTANT: The control for stopping the
engine is located on the engine.
12

Operation
A WARNING
Before operating your maciiine,
carefully read and understand all safety
(Section 1), controls (Section 3) and
operating instructions (Section 4) in
this Manual, in the separate Engine
Owner’s Manual, and on the decals on
the machine.
Failure to follow these instructions can
result in serious personal injury.
INTRODUCTION
Read this Section of the manual thor¬
oughly before you start the engine. Then,
take the time to familiarize yourself with
the basic operation of the tiller before
using It in the garden. Find an open, level
area and practice using the tiller controls
without the tines engaging the soil (put
tines in “travel” setting). Only after
you’ve become completely familiar with
the tiller should you begin using it in the
garden.
BREAK-IN OPERATION
Perform the following maintenance during
the first hours of new operation (see
“Maintenance” section In this manual and
in the Engine Owner’s Manual).
1. Change engine oil after first 2 hours of
new engine operation.
2. Check for loose or missing hardware
on unit. Tighten or replace as needed.
3. Check tension on forward drive belt
after first 2 hours of operation.
4. Check transmission gear oil level after
first 2 hours of operation.
Recoil Starter
Figure 4-1
Reverse Clutch Control
(knob on back of bracket)
Forward Clutch Ball
Depth Regulator Lever
Anti-Reverse Stake
Wheel Drive Pin
(on each wheel)
STARTING AND STOPPING
THE ENGINE
Pre-Start Checklist
Make the following checks and perform
the following services before starting the
engine.
1. Read the “Safety” and “Controls”
Sections in this Manual. Read the
separate Engine Owner’s Manual
provided by the engine manufacturer.
2. Check that the wheels are In the
WHEEL DRIVE position (wheel pins must
be through the wheel hubs and the wheel
shaft holes).
3. Check unit for loose or missing
hardware. Service as required.
4. Check engine oil level. See Engine
Owner’s Manual.
5. Check that all safety guards and
covers are in place.
6. Check air cleaner and engine cooling
system. See Engine Owner’s Manual.
7. Attach spark plug wire to spark plug.
8. Fill the fuel tank with gasoline
according to the directions in the separate
Engine Owner’s Manual. Follow all
Instructions and safety rules carefully.
A DANGER
GASOLINE IS HIGHLY FLAMMABLE AND
ITS VAPORS ARE EXPLOSIVE.
Follow gasoline safety rules in this
Manual (see Section 1) and in the
separate Engine Owner’s Manual.
Failure to follow gasoline safety
instructions can result in serious
personal injury and property damage.
13

Section 4: Operation
Starting the Engine
The following steps describe howto start
and stop the engine. Do not attempt to
engage tines or wheels until you have
read ail the operating instructions in
this Section. Also review the safety
rules in Section 1: “Safety” and the
tiller and engine controls information in
Section 3: “Features and Controls.”
A CAUTION
To help prevent serious
personal injury or damage to
equipment:
• Before starting engine, put both
wheels in the WHEEL DRIVE position.
Never have the wheels in the
FREEWHEEL position when the
engine is running. When the wheels
are in FREEWHEEL, they do not hold
back the tiller and the tines could
propel the tiller rapidly backward.
• Before starting engine, put Forward
Clutch Bail (all Models) and Reverse
Clutch Control in neutral (disen-
gaged) positions by releasing levers.
• Never run engine indoors or in
enclosed, poorly ventilated areas.
Engine exhaust contains carbon
monoxide, an odorless and deadly
gas.
• Avoid engine muffler and nearby
areas. Temperatures in these areas
may exceed ISO^F.
1. Complete the “Pre-Start Checklisf on
the previous page.
2. Put the wheels in the WHEEL DRIVE
position (see “Wheel Drive Pins” in
Section 3).
3. Put the Depth Regulator Lever in the
“travel” position (lever all the way down)
so that the tines are clear of the ground.
4. Release all controls on the tiller.
5. If engine is equipped with a fuel valve,
turn valve to open position as instructed
in the separate Engine Owner’s Manual.
6. Put ignition switch and/or throttle
control lever on engine in “ON,” “RUN,”
7. Choke or prime engine as instructed in
the separate Engine Owner’s Manual.
8. Place one hand on the fuel tank to
stabilize the unit when you pull the starter
handle. Use the recoil starter rope to start
the engine as instructed in the separate
Engine Owner’s Manual. When engine
starts, gradually move choke lever (on
engines so equipped) to “NO CHOKE,”
“CHOKE OFF” or “RUN” position.
9. Use the “FAST” throttle speed setting
when tilling.
A WARNING
Keep away from rotating tines. Rotating
tines will cause Injury.
Stopping the Engine and Tiller
1. To stop the wheels and tines, release
the Forward Clutch Bail or the Reverse
Clutch Control, whichever control is in
use.
2. To stop the engine, put the Ignition
switch and/or the throttle control lever on
the engine in the “OFF” or “STOP”
position.
OPERATING THE TILLER
The following pages provide guidelines to
using your tiller effectively and safely in
various gardening applications. Be sure
to read “Tilling Tips & Techniques” in this
Section before you actually put the tines
into the soil.
This is a CRT (counter-rotating-tine) tiller.
As the wheels pull forward, the tines
rotate backward. This creates an
“uppercut” tine action which digs deeply,
uprooting soil and weeds. Don’t overload
the engine, but dig as deeply as possible
on each pass. On later passes, the
wheels may tend to spin in the soft dirt. If
necessary, help them along by lifting up
slightly on the handlebar (palm facing up).
1. Follow the “Pre-Start Checklist” on the
previous page. Be sure that the wheels
are in the WHEEL DRIVE position.
2. Put the Depth Regulator Lever in the
“travel” position (lever all the way down)
so that the tines are clear of the ground.
Use this position when practicing with
your tiller or when moving to or from the
garden. When you are ready to begin
tilling, you must move the Depth
Regulator Lever to the desired depth
setting (see “Tilling Tips & Techniques”).
Check that the Anti-Reverse Stake swivels
freely back and forth. Remove any clogged
material on or around the stake.
3. S tart the engine and allow it to warm
up. When warm, put throttle control in
fast speed setting.
Figure 4-2: Use one hand to guide tiller
when moving forward.
4. F or forward motion of wheels and
powerto the tines:
(a) Pull the Forward Clutch Bail up and
hold it against the handlebar. Release
the bail to stop forward motion of
the wheels and power to the tines.
(b) As the tiller moves forward, relax and
let the wheels pull the unit along while
the tines dig. Walk behind and a
little to one side of the tiller. Use a
light but secure grip with one hand
on the handlebars, keeping your arm
loose. See Figure 4-2. Let the tiller
move at its own pace and do not
push down on the handlebars to try
to dig deeper-this takes weight off
the wheels, cuts traction, and causes
the tines to try and propel the tiller.

Section 4: Operation
A WARNING
Do not push down on the
handlebars to try to make the tiller till
more deeply. This prevents the wheels
from holding the tiller back and can
allow the tines to rapidly propel the
tiller backward toward the operator,
which could result in loss of control,
property damage, or personal injury.
5. For reverse motion of the wheels and
tines:
(a) Look behind and exercise caution
when operating in reverse. Do not
till while in reverse.
(b) Stop ail forward motion before
reversing. Lift the handlebars with
one hand until the tines are off the
ground and then pull the Reverse
Clutch Control knob out to engage
reverse motion (see Figure 4-3). To
stop reverse motion, let go of the
Reverse Clutch Control knob.
6. To Turn the Tiller Around:
(a) Practice turning the tiller in a level,
open area. Be very careful to keep
your feet and legs away from the
tines.
(b) To make a turn, lift the handlebars
until the engine and tines are
balanced over the wheels (Figure
4-4). The tines must be out of the
ground while turning the tiller.
(c) With the tiller balanced, push
sideways on the handlebar to move
the tiller in the direction of the turn
(Figure 4-5). After completing the
turn, slowly lower the tines into the
soil to resume tilling.
Stopping the Tilier and Engine
1. To stop the wheels and tines, release
the Forward Clutch Bail or the Reverse
Clutch Control, whichever control Is
engaged.
2. To stop the engine, move the ignition
switch and/or the throttle control lever on
the engine to the “OFF” or “STOP”
position.
Figure 4-3: Raise tines off grouni! and look
behind when moving in reverse.
Turning the Tiller Around
Figure 4-4: To begin turn, fift handlebars
until engine and tines are balanced over
wheels. Be sure tines are out of ground.
Figure 4-5: With tiller balanced over
wheels (and Vnes out of ttie ground),
push handlebars sideways to turn tiller.
A WARNING
Before tilling, contact your telephone or
utilities company and inquire if under¬
ground equipment or lines are used in
your area. Their representative will be
glad to answer your questions and tell
you if any of their equipment or lines
are buried underground on your
property.
LOADING AND UNLOADING
THE TILLER
A WARNING
Loading and unloading the tiller into or
from a vehicle is potentially hazardous.
We don't recommend doing so unless
absolutely necessary, as this could
result in personal injury or property
damage.
However, if you must load or unload
the tiller, follow the guidelines given
next.
• Before loading or unloading, stop the
engine, wait for all parts to stop moving,
disconnect the spark plug wire and let
the engine and muffler cool.
• The tiller is too heavy and bulky to lift
safely by one person. Two or more
people should share the load.
• Use sturdy ramps and manually (engine
shut off) roll the tiller into and out of the
vehicle. Two or more people are
needed to do this.
• Ramps must be strong enough to
support the combined weight of the
tiller and any handlers. The ramps
should provide good traction to prevent
slipping; they should have side rails to
guide the tiller along the ramps; and
they should have a locking device to
secure them to the vehicle.
• The handlers should wear sturdy
footwear that will help to prevent
slipping.
(Continued on next page)
15

Section 4: Operation
• Position the loading vehicle so that the
ramp angle is as flat as possible (the
less incline to the ramp, the better).
Turn the vehicle’s engine off and apply
its parking brake.
• When going up ramps, stand in the
normal operating position and push the
tiller ahead of you. Have a person at
each side to turn the wheels.
• When going down ramps, walk
backward with the tiller following you.
Keep alert for any obstacles behind you.
Position a person at each wheel to
control the speed of the tiller. Never go
down ramps tiller-first, as the tiller could
tip forward.
• Use wooden blocks to place on the
downhill side of the wheels If you need
to stop the tiller from rolling down the
ramp. Also, use the blocks to temporar¬
ily keep the tiller in place on the ramps
(if necessary), and to chock the wheels
in place after the tiller Is in the vehicle.
• When the tiller Is in the vehicle, prevent
it from rolling by chocking the wheels
with blocks and securely tie the tiller
down.
Tilling Tips & Techniques
LET THE TILLER DO THE WORK
• While tilling, relax and let the wheels
pull the tiller along while the tines do
the digging. Walk on the side that is
not yet finished (to avoid making foot¬
prints in the freshly tilled soil) and
lightly, but securely grip the handlebar
with just one hand. See Figure 4-2.
• Avoid pushing down on the handlebars
in an attempt to force the tiller to dig
deeper. Doing so takes the weight off
the powered wheels, causing them to
lose traction. Without the wheels
helping to hold the tiller back, the tines
will attempt to propel the tiller
backward toward the operator- often
causing the tiller to skip rapidly across
the ground.
TILLING DEPTHS
• When preparing the soil, till a fresh
path on each pass rather than overlap¬
ping passes. This gives the wheels
maximum traction on undisturbed soil
(later passes can be overlapped). See
Figure 4-6. Dig as deeply as possible
on each pass, without overloading the
engine. (Watering the garden area a
few days prior to tilling will make
tilling easier, as will letting the newly
worked soil set for a day or two before
making a final, deep tilling pass.)
• When cultivating (breaking up the
surface soil around plants to help
destroy weeds), use very shallow depth
settings to prevent injury to plants
whose roots often grow close to the
surface. If needed, lift up on the handle¬
bars slightly to prevent the tines from
digging too deeply. Cultivating on a
I regular basis not only eliminates weeds,
it also loosens and aerates the soil for
better moisture absorption and faster
plant growth.
AVOID TILLING WET, SOGGY SOIL
Tilling wet soil may result in large,
hard clumps of soil that can Interfere
with planting. If time permits, wait a
day or two after heavy rains to allow
the soil to dry. Test the soil by
squeezing it into a ball. If it com¬
presses too easily, It is too wet to till.
AVOID MAKING FOOTPRINTS
Whenever possible, walk on the untilled
side of the unit to avoid making foot¬
prints in the freshly tilled soil. Footprints
cause soil compaction that can hamper
root penetration and contribute to soil
erosion. They can also “plant” unwanted
weed seeds back Into the freshly tilled
ground.
CHOOSING CORRECT WHEEL
AND TINE SPEEDS
With experience, you will find the “just
right” tilling depth and tilling speed
combination that is best for your
garden.
Set the engine throttle lever at a high
enough speed to give the engine
adequate power, and yet allow it to
operate without laboring. Fastest
engine speeds may be desirable when
making final passes through the
seedbed or when cultivating. Selection
of the correct engine speed. In relation
to the tilling depth, will ensure a suffi¬
cient power level to do the job without
causing the engine to labor.
SUGGESTED TILLING PATTERNS
• When preparing a seedbed, go over
the same path twice in the first row,
then make individual passes right next
to each other (see Figure 4-6). When
finished in one direction, make second
passes at a right angle as shown in
Figure 4-7. In very hard ground, it
may take three or four overlapping
passes to thoroughly pulverize the soil.
(See Figure 4-8.)
Figure 4~6

Section 4: Operation
Tilling Tips & Techniques
• if the garden size will not permit
lengthwise and then crosswise tilling,
then overlap the first passes by one-
half a tiller width, followed by succes¬
sive passes at one-quarter width (see
Figure 4-8).
Figure 4’8
• With planning, you can allow enough
room between rows to cultivate (see
Figure 4-9). Leave room for the hood
width, plus enough extra room for
future plant growth.
Figure 4-9
CLEARING THE TINES
Dry grass, stringy stalks or tough vines
may become tangled In the tines. Follow
these procedures to help avoid tangling
and to clean the tines, if necessary.
•To reduce tangling, set the depth
regulator to its maximum depth.
• While tilling, try swaying the handle¬
bars from side to side (about 6* to 12").
This “fishtailing” action often clears the
tines of debris.
• If tangling occurs, lift the tines out of
the soil and run the tiller in reverse tor
a few feet. This may unwind a good
deal of debris.
• It may be necessary to remove the
debris by hand (a pocket knife will help
you to cut away the material).
A WARNING
Before clearing the tines by hand, stop
the engine, allow ail moving parts to
stop and disconnect the spark plug
wire.
Failure to follow this warning could
result in personal injury.
TILLING ON SLOPES
If you must garden on a moderate slope,
please follow two very important guide¬
lines:
1, Till only on moderate slopes, never on
steep ground where footing is difficult
(review safety rules in the “Safety”
Section of this Manual).
2. We recommend tilling up and down
slopes, rather than terracing. Tilling
vertically on a slope allows maximum
planting area and also leaves room for
cultivating.
IMPORTANT: When tilling on slopes, be
sure the correct oil level Is maintained In
the engine (check every one-half hour of
operation). The incline of the slope will
cause the oil to slant away from Its
normal level and this can starve engine
parts of required lubrication. Keep the
engine oil level at the full point at all
times!
A. Tilling up and down slopes:
•To keep soil erosion to a minimum, be
sure to add enough organic matter to
the soil so that it has good moisture¬
holding texture and try to avoid leaving
footprints or wheel marks.
• When tilling vertically, try to make the
first pass uphill as the tiller digs more
deeply going uphill than it does
downhill. In soft soil or weeds, you
may have to lift handlebars slightly
while going uphill.
B. Tilling across slopes without
using terraces:
if the previously described tilling
methods aren’t practical for you, then
you can til! laterally across a slope.
However, we don’t really recommend
this method as it can create unsure
footing and invites soil erosion.
17

n
Maintenance
A WARNING
Before inspecting, cleaning or
servicing the machine, shut off engine,
waif for all moving parts to come to a
complete stop, disconnect spark plug
wire and move wire away from spark
plug. Remove ignition key on electric
start models.
Failure to follow these instructions can
result in serious personal injury or
property damage.
REQUIRED MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
Before Every Every As
PROCEDURE Each 10 30 Noted
Use Hours Hours
Check engine oil level
•
And every 5
operating hours
Clean engine
•
Check drive belt tension
•
t
Check nuts and bolts
•
t
Change engine oil
• *
Lubricate tiller
•
Service engine air cleaner system
A
Check gear oil level in
transmission
•
t
Check tines for wear
•
Check air pressure in tires
(if equipped with pneumatic tires)
•
Service spark plug
A
Check Anti-Reverse Stake
•
* Change more frequently in dusty or dirty conditions. Change after first 2 hours of
break-in operation.
t Check after first 2 hours of break-in operation.
A See Engine Owner’s Manual for sen/ice intervals and instructions.
18

Sections: Maintenance
WARNING Before inspecting, cleaning or servicing the unit, shut off engine, wait for all
parts to come to a complete stop, disconnect spark plug wire and move wire away from spark
plug. Failure to follow these instructions can result in serious personal injury or
property damage.
TILLER LUBRICATION
Proper lubrication of the tiller is an
essentia! part of maintenance. After
every 10 operating hours, oil or grease
the lubrication points shown in Figures 5-
1 and 5-1A and described below.
Use general purpose lubricating oil (#30
weight motor oil is suitable) and general
purpose grease (grease that contains a
metal lubricant is preferred, if available).
• Remove wheels, clean wheel shaft (A,
Fig. 5-1) and apply light coating of
grease to shaft.
• Grease back, front and sides of Depth
Regulator Lever (B, Fig. 5-1).
• Remove tines, clean tine shafts (C, Fig.
5-1) and apply light coating of grease to
shaft.
• Oil the handlebar height adjustment
screws and the handlebar attaching
screws (D, Fig. 5-1).
• Lightly oil the shifting mechanism pivot
points (E, Fig. 5-1 A). Do not get oil on
the belt or belt groove of the pulley.
Figure 5-1A
CHECK FOR GEAR OIL LEAKS
Before each use, check the transmission
housing (and the ground beneath the
unit) for any sign of a gear oil leak.
A little seepage around a cover or an oil
seal is usually harmless. However, if oil
drips overnight, then immediate attention
is needed as ignoring a leak can result in
severe transmission damage.
If a cover is leaking, try tightening any
loose screws. If the screws are tight, a
new gasket or oil seal may be needed. If
the leak is from around a shaft and oil
seal, the oil seal probably needs to be
replaced. See your authorized dealer or
contact the factory for service or advice.
IMPORTANT: Never operate the tiller if
the transmission Is low on gear oil.
Check the oil level after every 30 hours of
operation and whenever there is any oil
leakage.
CHECK HARDWARE
After every 10 operating hours, thor- ,
oughly inspect the unit for any loose or
missing screws, bolts and other fasteners.
Tighten or replace the fasteners as
needed. Be sure to check the screws
underneath the tine hood that secure the
transmission cover and the Depth
Regulator Lever to the transmission.
CHECK TIRE PRESSURE (on units
equipped with pneumatic tires)
Check the air pressure in both tires.
Deflate or inflate both tires evenly to15-20
PSI (pounds per square Inch). Be sure
that both tires have the same air pressure
or the unit will tend to pull to one side.
TRANSMISSION GEAR OIL SERVICE
Check the transmission gear oil level after
every 30 hours of operation or whenever
you notice an oil leak. IMPORTANT:
Operating the tiller when the transmission
is low on oil can result in severe damage.
A. To Check the Transmission
Gear Oil Level:
1. The transmission must be cool (warm
operating temperatures will provide an
incorrect oil level reading).
2. The transmission must be level.
3. Remove the oil fill plug (A, Fig. 5-2)
and look into the oil fill hole. The main
drive shaft is visible inside the hole.
4. The oil level is correct if it is approxi¬
mately halfway up the side of the drive
shaft
5. if the oil level is low, add gear oil as
described next. If the oil level Is okay,
securely replace the oil fill plug.
6. If only a few ounces of gear oil is
needed, use API rated GL-4 or GL-5 gear
oil having a viscosity of SAE140, SAE
85W-140 or SAE 80W-90. If refilling an
empty transmission, use only GL-4
transmission gear oil having a viscosity of
SAE 85W-140 or SAE 140.
IMPORTANT: Do not use automatic
transmission fluid or motor oil in the
transmission.
7. Slowly pour gear oil Into the oil fill
hole until it reaches the halfway point on
the drive shaft. Check frequently while
pouring to avoid overfilling.
8. Securely replace the oil fill plug.
Figure 5-2: Remove oil fill plug (A) to check
gear oil level and to add gear oil. Remove
four cover screws (B) to drain gear oil.
19

Sections: Maintenance
WARNING Before inspecting, cleaning or servicing the unit, shut off engine, wait for ail
parts to come to a complete stop, disconnect spark plug wire and move wire away from spark
piug. Faiiure to follow these instructions can result in serious personai injury or
property damage.
B. To Drain the Transmission Gear Oii:
The transmission gear oil does not need
to be changed unless it has been contam¬
inated with dirt, sand or metal particles.
A. DANGER
Gasoiine is highly flammable and its
vapors are explosive. Foliow these
safety practices to prevent personai
injury or property damage from fire or
explosion.
• Aiiow the engine and muffler to cool
for at least two minutes before draining
the tiller’s gasoline tank.
• Do not allow open flames, sparks,
matches or smoking in the area.
• Wipe away spiils and push tiller away
from spilled fuel.
• Use only an approved fuel container
and store it safely out of the reach of
children.
• Do not store gasoline in an area
where its vapors could reach an open
flame or spark, or where ignition
sources are present (such as hot water
and space heaters, furnaces, ciothes
dryers, stoves, electric motors, etc.).
1. Drain the gasoline from the fuel tank or
run the engine until the fuel tank is empty.
See “DANGER” statement above.
2. Drain the motor oil from the engine.
3. Remove four screws (B, Figure 5-2) and
remove transmission cover and gasket.
4. Remove the left-side wheel.
5. Tilt the left-side wheel shaft into a
drain pan and drain the gear oil through
the top of the transmission.
6. Reinstall the wheel, install a new cover
gasket (do not reuse old gasket) and
reinstall the transmission cover.
7. Refill transmission using GL-4 gear oil
(SAE 85W-140 orSAE140).
8. Refill engine with motor oil and refill
fuel tank with gasoline.
TINES
The tines will wear with use and should
be inspected at the beginning of each
tilling season and after every 30 operating
hours. The tines can be replaced individ¬
ually or as a complete set. See the Parts
List in this Manual for tine identification
and ordering information.
A WARNING
This is a CRT (counter-rotating-tine)
tiller and its tines must be mounted in
the direction shown in Figure 5-3. If
mounted with curves in the opposite
direction, tiller will dig poorly and be
more likely to run backward.
Failure to comply could result in
personal injury or property damage.
NOTE: Remove the tine hood before
removing a tine holder or individual tines.
Remove the two sets of screws at the
front and the rear of the hood and lift off
the hood. Replace the hood securely
after changing a tine or tine holders.
A. Tine inspection
With use, the tines will become shorter,
narrower and pointed. Badly worn tines
will result in a loss of tilling depth and will
leave untilled gaps in the freshly turned
soil.
B. Removing and Installing
Tine Assemblies
1. A tine assembly consists of three tines
mounted on a tine holder. To remove the
assembly, remove the nut (A, Figure 5-3)
and screw (B) that secure the tine holder
to the tine shaft. If necessary, use a
rubber mallet to tap the tine assembly off
the tine shaft.
2. Inspect the tine shaft for rust or rough
spots and remove using a fine grade
sandpaper. Apply a light coating of
grease to the tine shaft.
3. I n stalling the tine assembly is simply
the reverse of its removal. Be sure all the
tine cutting edges face so they will enter
the soil first when the tiller is moving
forward- this means the cutting edge on
the top of each tine faces toward the
operator position. Tighten hardware.
C. Removing and Installing Single Tines
1. To remove a single tine, remove the
two screws (C, Figure 5-3) and nuts (D)
that secure the tine to its tine holder. If
needed, use penetrating oil on the nuts.
2. When installing individual tines, do so
in the reverse order from which they were
removed. The two sets of inboardtms
are installed so one set faces toward the
transmission and the other faces away
from it. The single outboard tine set
faces toward the transmission housing.
Also be sure the cutting edge at the top
of each tine faces toward the operator
position. (See Figure 5-3.)
CHECKING AND ADJUSTING
FORWARD DRIVE BELT TENSION
Maintaining correct tension on the
forward drive belt is Important to good
tilling performance and long belt life.
A loose belt will slip on the engine and
transmission pulleys and cause the tines
and wheels to slow down ~ or stop com¬
pletely - even though the engine is
running at full speed. A belt that is too
tight can result in unintentional tine
movement when the clutch bail is in the
Neutral (released) position.
Also check the belt for cracks, cuts or
frayed edges and replace it as soon as
possible.
• Check belt tension after the first two
hours of break-in operation (new belt).
• Check belt tension after every 10
operating hours.
20