TURNER DESIGN AQUAFLUOR User manual

Handheld Fluorometer and Turbidimeter
User's Manual
Dated: 3/08/0I
Version. 1.1
PIN 998·0851
TURNER OESIGNS
815 W MadIA-.. .Si.rny4IIt. CA 9Ql5
IQ} 148-01194 • FAX (4OlI) 1G01118
- -~ · "b"1.an...l 1 6..f1()t!l

TableofConten ts
I. Int ro duction
1.1 De sc ri ption ........................................ .. ....... 4
1.2 In s pe ction a nd Setup .......... .. .. .. ..................4
I.J Genern ll nfomlation and Precautions .......... 5
2. Quick Vi ew Dira g rram s ....... .... .. .. ........... .. ...........6
J. Ins trum ent Pnr. :un ete rs
3. 1 Fiml\vare Ao wc han ..................................... S
32 In strume nt Power Up ................. .. .............. 10
33 Au orescence or Tu rbi dity Channel .. ......... 10
3 .4 CalibrationStandard Va lu e ................... .. ... 10
3.5 Calib ra t ion .................................. .. ........... .. 10
. l6 Sample Anal ys is ........... ... ... .. .. ................. .. II
3.7 Imemal Dat a Logging (IDL) ........... .. ......... 11
3 .7. 1 Ac tiva te Data Logg in g ................ 12
3.7 .2 Download Data ............. .... .......... 12
3. 7 .3 Er ase Data ................................... 12
3.8 Di agnos ti c In fo m la ti on .............................. 12
4. Gen era lConsiderntions fo r Analys is
4 .1 Handli ng Samples ...................................... IJ
4.2 Linear Ra nge a nd Quenc hi ng .................... IJ
43 Te mpera lU re Considerations...................... 15
4.4 Positio nin g Samples .................................. 15
45 Da taQu al it y................................... .... ...... .. 15
5. Warranty
5. 1 Tenns .... ... ................................................. 16
52 Warra nt y Service ....................................... 17
53 Out of Wam my Service ............................ 18
Aq ll (f fl uorn! Use r's Manual 2

A pp endices:
A. Ins trum ent SI )e<! ilicotions
A I. GeneralSpec ifi c:uions .................. .. . .... ..... 19
A1. Optical and Application Specifications ..... 19
D. Inte rna l 00 10 Logging
BI. Shipping Check li st ................................ .... :D
B :!. Ha rd ware Requirements ........................... .. J)
B J. In stall: lIi on ......... ... .... .. ......... .. .... .. .. ...... ...... ])
B-'. Connecting ...... .. .. ....... .. .................. .. ......... J)
B 5. Real Time DaHl Transfer ............................. 21
B6. ID L Tr oublesh oo ting ............................... .. :!?:
C. I II \'iI'oC hl oro phy ll .. ....................................... 23
Aq // (/ flu o rT\! Use r' s /l. la flu al 3
I. Inll-oduc ti on
1.1 Description
TheAqllofluo rn.! is adual-channel mini flu oromet er
designed for quick. eas y and aecum!e nu o rc sc e~ce
and turbidity m ea surements. When properly cahbmted
wi th a standard of kn own concentration. th e
Aqllofluorn.! di splays th e actual co ncentmtion of the
compound.
1. 2 In spec ti on and Setup
•
•
•
•
•
1.2.1 Inspection
Upon receiving your instrumem. please inspect.
everything carefully and make sure all accesso
nc s arc
presen t. A ll shipments include:
TheAqllofluor™
The User's Manual
4 AAA batteries
4 Polystyrene cu ve ttes
Storage Pouch
1.2.2
Se tup
Before th e Aqllo flu orn.!can be used. the supplied
batteries must
be insta ll ed .
1. On the backside of th e instrum ent . loosen th e SC TC \\
and
re move the baltery panel (see Section 2 for
diagrrun).
2 Install th e 4 AAA batteries into th e approp ri ate space s.
3. Replace th e ba ll ery panel and tighten the scre w. 11le
panel has an o-ring, which creates a watertight seal.
The battery panel may be difficult to install if there is no
Aqllafluo r T).! User's Manual

lubricati On on th e o or i ng . Use a silicon based o- rin g
grease to lubric:llc the o-ring ir ne cess; lr y.
13 Gcncr.tllnfonnation and Precautions
•
•
•
•
The sample co mpartmc nt cannot acccpt glass or
qualll cu\ctle s.
A minimum \'olume of 21111s in a lO x 10 cu ve tt e is
requircd for best results.
Mo id ha vi ng any :lir bubbles in YO U1 ' sample. The}
c:m significantly affect the nuoresccnt rcading.
F
or beSt results measuring l ow turbidities. use good
polystyrene cu
vc llC S(PIN 7000-957). SeeSection
~A fo r further infommt iO I1 .
Aq
ll o nu ol'nl User's Manual 5
2. Qu ick View Dingmllls
1
1. 42
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Aquo nu or™ User's Manual
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Aql l ll nuo r™ User 's Man ual 7
3. In strume nt P aram eters
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9
Inst rum e nt Power Up
To tum on th e A lflw rlu or ™, press the < ON /OFF> b utt on, The
inst
ru me nt takes 5 seconds to wann up , After the \\ anll u p, the
Aqllarluor n., is ready foro per- lli on.
Fluo re sce nce orTu rb i di lYCh: lI1 l1c l
Choose th e a pp ro pri ate cha nn el for }o ur an aly sis. To do thi s.
press th e <A lB> b utt on to toggle between the 2 c han ne ls,
The ac
ti v at ed chann el wi ll be di splayed in th e lower left comer
of
th e Home screen.
OlL
RIVT
lRB
=C hl oro phy ll
= Rh oda min c \VT
=Tu rbi dity
Ca
li brnti onStandard Va lue
Befo re pe rforming a calib ra tion. se t the value of your standa rd .
P
re ss the <S TO VAL> bulton.
Use th e up and do wn arrows to adjust th e sta nda rd valu \!.
H ol di ng eitherarrow bu tt on down wi ll ac ti v at e fasterscro ll ing.
When fi ni shed. Pre ss <ESC> or <ENT> to acce pt t he \'a lu c
and
10 re l urn to th e Ho me screen,
Calibration
Werecommcnd thai
yo ualwa ys calibrnlc befo re pe rfonning
any sample analysis. A rt er Ihe initialcalibr at ion. Ih e
Aqllarluo
r" s so li d standa rd c an be used \0 check fo r in st ru -
ment drift and rec alibrat io n.

I. Pre !;S Ihe <CAL> bU ll on.
2. Press <ENT> 10 s lanlhc calibr:nion.
3. InStil your blank and press <ENT>. TheAqlla OuorTht w ill
alerage Ihe nuoresccnce for 10 seco nd s.
·t In sen I he ca libr:nion s l<lnd<lrd and press <E NT >.
5. Prc. ss <~NT> when the calibr:nion is co mplclc 10 accept the
c~ lt bralton. I ~ <ENT> is not pressed wi th in 10 seconds. you
WII] be asked If you MIl ItIO abon the calibration. Press the
up or d ow n aITOII to abon or accepllhc calibr.lIion respec_
tin!'! y.
If at all }time during sleps I · ~ you wa lll to Stop the calibra-
t io n. press <ESC>. This \Ii ll retu rn you to the Home screen
and will default the in stnunent 10 th e prcl'ious ca li bration.
3.6 Sample An31ysis
I. In sert your sample.
2. Pre ssei th cr <READ> bt llt on. The in strume nt wi ll
autor:lIlge,
th en measure and average th e flu orescen ce
signal ol 'er a 5-sccond i lll erv aJ.
3. The re sult wi ll be di sp layed at the top and center of the
Home screen.
-t The t Op le f! come r w ill di sp la y "WA IT' for 5 seco nd s.
Once "WA l r' disappears. another sample reading can be
perfonnt.-d.
3.7 Intemal Data Logging (lOLl
This is an o p(i o nal fC3lure. I flhis feature has been pur-
chased. yourAqllanuor
nt
can l og up to I <XX> dala points.
The.DATA screens
co ntrol logg in g. d O\\ lll oading and
er:lSlIIg the
d3l a. For further infonnatlon.see Appendix B.
Al/llanU Ol·™ Uscr's Manual "
3.7. 1 Acth' 31e Data Logging
I. Press the: <D ATA> buil on 2lim es .
2. Press <ENT> to toggle be tween logging and stop Statuses.
3. Press <ESC> when l'ini sh ed 10 return iO \he Home screen.
3.7.2 Download Data
I. Connect t ht! Aqlt ll nuor Th1 lo the serial pon of )"o ur computer.
2. Open th e Turner I:>c: sign !> Inte rf ace So fl ware:. See Appendix
Bf or comput er requirements and in stallation.
3. Press the <DATA> button 3 limes.
4. Press <ENT> 5 ti mes to !>Imt l~ dala dow nl oad.
5. Press <ESC> when finished to return to the Horne screen.
3.7.3 Erase Data
l. Pre S!; th e <DATA> bUllo n 4 time S.
2 Press <ENT> 5 ti m es to erase lI lll ogged dala.
1 Press <ESC> when finished to retul1lto Ihe HO lli e screen.
3.8 Diagnos ti c Information
I. Press <DlAG> to access th e diagn os ti c screens.
2 The first screen shows lhe number of dam points available
for inte rn al data logging.
3. Press <ENT> to toggle tOlhe %FS (Full Scale) va lues from
the clllibration blank and slandlrd.
4. Press <ESC> when finished 10 re turn 10 the Home screen.

4. Ce n era l Co nsi derations for
L T:\h.c cafe not 10 sp ill samples 111\0 the sample chamber.
Wipe up any spills promptly.
2. The Aqllllnuor
nt
is "cry sen si tive ilnd e\en small r U1l 0unts
of m:lIcrial from :I pre\ i OliS s.1m pl e 1I13 Y resuh in errors. Use
a clean eU\ene for all readings. Thoro ugh and proper
cleaning of cu "c nes between s ample readings is essential.
and is especially important if you an.: using the same
cuvc tt e for samples and bl:lllk.
3. Fililhe e ll \ cite alieaSI501'f full (1m ls).Significant clTO rcan
res ult if the cu ve ll e d oes not co ntain thi s minimulll vo lume.
... The cu ve lle 1\1UST BE DR Yonthe outside when taking
readings.
~Io i s tll re and condensmion on the o ut side cnn
result
in error.
5. Minute bubbles in samples will ca u se drifting readings.
Take care
nOI to Introduce bubbles into s:tlllpies. Slight
tapping with
}o ur finger on the outside cuveue wa ll will III
often help dissipate bubbles.
·t?: Linear Ran ge a.nd Quenching
The linenr range is the
co n ce ntration range in \1 hich the rendout
of the Aql/(/fiuorThI is directly Il ropo ni ona.lto the
cO l1 centrmion of the fluorollhore. Th e lincar range bcgllls with
the
sma ll es t dctectable concentration and spa ns to all
Aqll(lfluor™ U~ r 's ~Iallual
13
"
u
c
"
~
~
o
=>
u:
upper lim it (concemnttioll) thm is dependent upon: the
propenie s of the nuore scent mm eria l. the filters u sed. and
the path length.
A nonlinear relrllionship is seen at very high concentrations
where the fluorescence signal d oes 110( increase at a co n-
stant
Nne in comparison to the ch: lI1 ge in co ncentratio n. At
e\'en highercon ce nu-ations. nu orescen ce signal will de-
crease e\'e n though the sa mple co n ce ntrntiO ll S are greater.
This effect is known as
"s ignal quenching" .
Linearity may
be checked by diluting a sa mple I:I or so me
otherconve niem r3lio (be sure to use yo ur matrix blank for
the dilutions). Ifthe s.. 1mple is within the lin ear range. the
reading will decrease in direct
proponi on to the dilution. If
the reading does not de crease in direct propo ni on to the
dilulion
or if the rending increases. the s ample is beyond the
linear range of yo ur fluorophore.
F1uorophore cone.
Aqllafluor™ User' s Manual 14

4. .3 Tcmpcrnturc Consid.:rntions
Au or esc cnce IStempernturc sens it ive. As the tempcrnture of
the sample IIl creascs. the flu orescence de creases. For t
accuracy. re ad blan k. standard. and s.1 mples allh e same
lem
pc l':tturc.
~.4 P m. iti oningSamples
Fo r 10\\ conce nt ration samples. cu ve ues o ft en w ill <Ji ve
s li ghtly diffe renlm easurcmc llI s depending upon I ~ i r
~ n c nt a ti o n in Ih e sample co mpartment. This is due 10 defects
In the shape of the cu\ ette Ih m are nOI \ isible to the human
eye. We r eco mmend that th e cu Ve li c be marked :u tile
POs i t i ~ lI :d in the 5. 1l11p le compartme nt lhe same wayeach
10 11IIIIIIIlI Ze error.
We
ha \e found thm tu rbidity is partic ul a rl y sensiti ve to th Is
fa CIO I' . We recommend for be St re sults. us in g high quality
pol
ys tyrene cu ve tles (P IN 7 000 -9571which showed li ttl e
o ri e nt ation a nd cuveue 10 cu vc uc v:mauo ll in testina
0 '
~ .5 Data Qualily
Th e AqulI nu orn l is only as a cc urate as the standa rd s Ihat a re
used t oc ahbrate it. This is why it is i mpon :lIlt 10 take care
when preparing stand
:l rd s. samples. and bla nk . One should
follo\\ good laborato
ry practices .... hen pfepming all solulions
a nd rC :l ge nt :;.
"
Tume r De signs watT:l I1l S th e Aqllufluor
n1
Fluoro 1llet er a nd
accesso ri es to be free f ro m defects in mate ri als and wO I'kman-
ship u nd er nomlal use and s er vice for a period of one year
from th e time of imti(ll pUl' c h:l se. with the fo ll ow in g rest l'i c-
tions:
I. Th e instrume nt an d a cces$O ri es mU SI be in stalkd. po\\ crcd.
and operatcd in complian
ce wilh Ihe direc ti ons in this
dQlla flu ortM U$« ( s Manual and di re ctions accompanying
the nc cesso ri es.
2. Damage incurred in shipping is ll2lco\'e re d.
3, Damage
re sulting from mcasuremc nt of samples found to be
in co mpatible with the rn atc ri:l ls used in th c sample system is
ll21 co\ 'cred.
4, Damage re sulting from co nt act wi th co rrosi"e matcrial so r
atmos ph ere is lliI.l covered.
5. Damage from se.1W
ate r and olher moder.llcly cOlTOs h'c
materials that are not promptly rem ov ed from th e instrume nt
are I!2l co ve red.
6. Damnge cn used by modi fi cation or the instrume nt by th e
customer is
ll21 covc re d.

5.:! \\':ur.mIYSerdCI!
To obla lll sen ice during th e \\1a n ':l llt } period. th e owner
sh:llltal..e the
fo ll o\\ ing steps:
I. Wri te or ca ll the Turner De signs sen ice depanment and
de~c nbe as precisely :IS possible th e n:lture of the
problem.
2 Carry out minor adjustments or tests :u. suggested b} the
Scn icc Depanmen t.
J If proper perfonn:1nce is not obtained. ship the instru-
ment. prepaid. to Turner
De sign s. \\ilh a statement of
shippmg c hat -ges. The instrument w ill be repaired and
n! turned free of charge. along with a check to co\cr
shippmg charges. for all customers in Ihe contiguous
continental United States.
For customers
oU ls id e of Ih e contiguous continental United
States. and
\\ ho ha\e purchased our equipment from o ne of
our autho ri zed distribu lOB. contact th e disu'ibut or. If you
have purchased
di rect. contact us. We will repair th e
instnunent al no charge.
but we wi ll not pay for shipment.
documentation. etc. These charges \\ ill be bitted at cost.
NQ.IEl Under DO condi ti ons should the instrument or
accessories be retll l1l ed wi th ouillotice. Pri or correspon-
dence
is needed:
a. To ensure that th e problem is not a tri vial one. eas il y
handled in your laborator y. with consequent S:I\ ings to
e\eryone.
b. To specifically detemline the nature of the problem.
so that repair can
be rapid. with panicul:lr allenlion
paid 10 t he defect you have n Oh!u.
Al/llofluorT\t User's Manual
17
5.3 Oll t-of-Warranty SeJ"\'ice
Proceed e'(actly as for Warmnty Sen ice. above. If our
service depanmellt can assisl you b) phone or cOlTespon-
dence. we wi ll be glad 10. al no charge.
Rep3irservice
wi ll be billed on a basis of time and maleri-
31s. Acomplele statement or time spent and materi: ll s used
will be sup pli ed. Shipment to Tumer Designs should be
prepaid. Your bill witl include retum shipment freig ht
charges.
Address r orS hipment:
Turner Designs
8"-5 W.!\laude A\e.
Sunnyvale. CA <).U)85
Aqllonuor™ User's M3nual
IS