Vaux Electronics Lattis 1600 Series User manual

Lattis Matrix Switcher
1600 and 800 Series Owner’s Manual
Publication M-LE-00
Manual Revision Jan 2003
Software Version 6.4
Model Number: ___________________
Serial Number: ___________________
Date Purchased: ___________________
Place of Purchase: ___________________

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For more information, visit our web site: www.vauxelectronics.com
or email us: [email protected]
Vaux Electronics, Inc.
Mesa, Arizona, USA
PHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
©1998-2003 Vaux Electronics, Inc.
Portions ©1994-1998 Vaux Electronics, Inc.
Printed in the U.S.A.
All rights reserved.
Aris, Lattis, MediaMation, Vaux, VauxConfig, VauxControl, VauxNet, and
VauxProtocol are trademarks of Vaux Electronics, Inc.
Other trademarks and registered trademarks are owned by their respective companies.

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Introduction
Thank you for selecting a Vaux Lattis Matrix Switcher. These systems have been designed for the utmost in performance and
reliability. There are currently four models in the Lattis Matrix Switcher family:
LE-800A 8-source by 8-zone, audio-only LE-800AV 8-source by 8-zone, audio/video
LE-1600A 16-source by 16-zone, audio-only LE-1600V 16-source by 16-zone, video-only
The LE-800A, LE-800AV, and LE-1600A systems provides high-fidelity stereo line-level switching, zoned
volume/bass/treble/muting, programmable min/max/mute/initial-volumes, and other customizable features. The systems may be
controlled using infrared remote controls, keypads, and/or RS-232 serial control from a computer or other control system (e.g. AMX,
Crestron…). The source inputs are driven from any line-level source, while the volume-controlled zone outputs connect to power
amplifiers for each stereo zone. In the case of the LE-800AV and LE-1600V, the video switching is line-level composite video, for
NTSC or PAL systems.
Matrix Switching and Zone Expansion
The Lattis Matrix Switcher is a multi-source/multi-zone audio (or audio/video) distribution and control system. A Lattis system
allows multiple audio (or audio/video) sources to be routed to multiple zones (one or more rooms). Each zone of the system has
independent control over source-selection, volume/bass/treble levels, muting, etc.
Multiple Lattis Matrix Switchers may be combined to expand the number of zones. For example, three 16x16 Lattis LE-1600A
switchers may be use to provide a 16-source by 48-zone system. The units are simply programmed to respond to different “Base-
Zones,” (1, 17, and 33) allowing contiguous zone numbers from 1 to 48. A Vaux system may expand this way to a total of 255 zones.
The audio sources may be daisy-chained between multiple Lattis Matrix Switchers by ordering the optional ribbon-cable expansion
kit. If your switcher does not have the ribbon-cable option, you may use “Y-cables” to split each channel to multiple Lattis inputs, or
a “Distribution-Amp” (DA) may be used to buffer each source for driving multiple switchers. For video sources (when using a Lattis
LE-800AV or LE-1600V), a DA is not needed since each source has a buffered output which is used to connect to the video input of
the next switcher. With video signals, a Y-cable cannot be used since it is mandatory to maintain proper 75-ohm video line
impedance. You may also mix and match Lattis switchers to provide different features. For example, an 8x8 audio-only LE-800A
may be combined with an 8x8 audio/video LE-800AV, providing eight sources by sixteen zones (eight of these zones have video).
IR Remote Control and Keypad Operation
Lattis Matrix Switchers may be operated by hand-held Vaux RC-16-IR infrared (IR) remote controls. The remote controls allow
selection of A/V source, adjustment of each zone’s Volume/Bass/Treble levels, as well as system setup and programming functions.
The Vaux RC-16 remote control is easily programmed to control one specific numbered zone – the remote’s zone number may easily
be changed to move the remote to a different room. IR control from multiple rooms will require a wired or wireless IR-Repeater
system, which uses IR sensors in each room. The Vaux RC-16-IR remote may also be used to teach the Vaux control codes (for one
zone) to a third-party hand-held “learning” remote. Additionally, third-party IR-learning keypads may also be employed, using a
Vaux RC-16-IR remote to teach the Lattis commands to the keypad.
Computer Control Systems
The Lattis Matrix Switcher may be completely controlled by an attached computer, or other control system (such as AMX or
Crestron) which communicates over a serial, RS-232 connection. The host computer has complete control over A/V zone switching,
volume/bass/treble levels for each zone, etc. The Lattis system sends messages to the control system confirming actions for not only
RS-232 commands, but also for RF-, IR-, or keypad-generated commands, closing the loop on the whole system. The control system
may optionally poll periodically for system status, or may simply ignore messages for a basic command-only interface. Serial
communication uses the VauxProtocol standard, presented later in this manual.

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Lattis Matrix Switcher Front Panel
Power Switch
Infrared Contol Sensor (below switch, left of logo)
Power light
Active light (one or more zones on)
Ack light (acknowledge – command accepted)
Nak light (negative acknowledge – command ignored)
Prog light (power-up testing and program-mode)
Lattis Matrix Switcher (LE-1600A) Rear Panel
A/V Source Inputs (phono jacks) — 8/16 inputs for line-level stereo audio (& composite video on 800AV/1600V).
A/V Zone Outputs (phono jacks) — 8/16 outputs for line-lev stereo audio (& composite video on 800AV/1600V).
The audio outputs are volume/bass/treble/mute controlled within the Lattis Matrix Switcher and connect to
zone power amplifiers (sized appropriately for each zone).
Optional, one or two 40-conductor ribbon cables for daisy-chaining audio sources.
IR-In jack (3.5mm phone) for connection of IR-Repeater system, or other modulated IR input.
Memory-Erase button. Careful — will restore all programmable parameters to factory settings.
I/O connector (8P8C): System-Active (5V) signal. Other connections for future use.
Ctrl-Out connector (6P6C) Expansion port for RS-232/IR daisy-chaining to Ctrl-In connector on next switcher.
Ctrl-In connector (6P6C) (see Ctrl-Out).
Control connector (9-pin DB-9-F) RS-232 serial control port..
Power connector (2.1mm connector, auto-polarity) For 12 VDC, 1 A adapter.

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Parts Checklist
When unpacking your Lattis system, ensure that you have received the following:
• Lattis Matrix Switcher (LE-800A, LE-800AV, LE-1600A, LE-1600V)
• AC Adapter – 12 VDC, 1 A
• Owner’s Manual
Other components you may need:
• Vaux RC-16-IR infrared remote control(s)
• Infrared repeater system
• Keypad control system
• Source components, zone power amplifiers, speakers
• Audio/Video connecting cables
• RS-232 connecting cable
• Ribbon-cable kit for daisy-chaining audio sources to multiple switchers. The switchers must be ordered with the ribbon
connectors installed, and ordered with ribbon cable(s) for connecting two to ten switchers. An eight-source switcher uses a
single 40-conductor ribbon cable, and a sixteen-source switcher uses two ribbon cables. The audio sources connect to the
lowest switcher in the rack, and the ribbon cable(s) run vertically to provide all switchers with the input sources.

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Installation
The Lattis Matrix Switcher is quite flexible, in that it can integrate with a variety of A/V devices and control systems, and may be
configured a variety of ways. Installation of the Lattis System is described below:
1. System Power: Place the Lattis Matrix Switcher near your audio/video components. Turn off the Lattis front panel
switch and plug the AC power adapter’s cable into the rear panel Power connector on the Lattis Matrix Switcher. Plug
the adapter into a standard electrical outlet — select an outlet which is not controlled by a wall switch.
2. Optional IR Input from IR Repeater Systems (modulated IR input source): Connect to the rear-panel IR-In jack, or affix
an IR emitter over the front-panel sensor.
3. Optional IR Input from IR-learning Keypads (modulated IR input source): Connect to the rear-panel IR-In jack, or affix
an IR emitter over the front-panel sensor.
4. Optional RS-232 Computer or Control System Connection: Connect your computer or control system, using a properly
wired RS-232 cable, to the 9-pin Control connector on the rear panel of Lattis Matrix Switcher System. For more
information on the VC-232 interface, refer to a later manual section.
5. Connection of A/V Source components: Plug your Audio/Video source components into the Lattis Source inputs using
appropriate cabling.
Note: Lattis Video Switchers (LE-800AV and LE-1600V) use a dual-port connector for source inputs. The video input
signal connects to the black phono jack on the Source side – the yellow phono jack above this connector provides a 75-
ohm buffered output for looping the source to other destinations (such as a second switcher).
6. Connection of A/V Zone amplifiers: Connect the Lattis Zone audio outputs to power amplifiers appropriate for each
zone. For video-capable switchers, connect the video outputs to video monitors, or, for longer runs, to composite buffer
amplifiers or video modulators. Run the speaker wiring and video cables to each zone. NOTE: Do not use level-
sensing audio amp powering options — low volumes may turn the amp off.
Note: Lattis Video Switchers (LE-800AV and LE-1600V) use a dual-port connector zone outputs. Each Zone output
has two independent 75-ohm buffered output ports, allowing connection of two video cables to different destinations.
7. Power-up the system: Turn on the Lattis Matrix Switcher using the front-panel switch — a string of front-panel lights
indicates that the Switcher is running.
10. Install Two (2) “AA” batteries in the RC-16 remote control(s) (alkaline preferred).

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RC-16 Remote Control
• The RC-16 Remote Control has four lighted "Mode" keys, which select one of four operating modes. Pressing a mode
button will flash the light twice and change the "Current-Mode." When non-mode buttons are pressed on the remote, the
appropriate mode light flashes to confirm the button press, as well as the Current-Mode in use. The remote acts as four
totally-different remotes in each of these modes.
• A/V is the normal mode for turning a zone on or off, selecting sources, and adjusting volume in a zone. The remote's
"Current-A/V-Zone" may be changed to correspond to the room in which the remote is located (up to 90 zones and 8 clusters
may be controlled). You may select 8 or 16 sources for the zone, depending on your system.
• Note that some RC-16 buttons are not used with Vaux Lattis switchers -- for Vaux Aris systems, you may also use the RC-16
to control source equipment using learned IR codes (play, pause, channel, digits...).
• Macro mode is not used with Lattis switchers (Aris-only).
• Lights mode is not used with Lattis switchers (Aris-only).
• Aux mode is for future use.
• Some other buttons will always switch the remote to a/v mode (regardless of the mode it was set to previously): zone,
on/off, volume, mute, shift, prog, and source-select (tuner, cd...).
• During operation or programming, pressing an incorrect button will result in an "Error" flash -- this is a flash of all four of
the lighted mode buttons on the remote (a/v, macro, lights, & aux).
• The RC-16 Remote Control uses two "AA" alkaline batteries. Battery life is typically one year, but will depend on how
frequently the remote is used. When the remote's operating range seems shorter, or operation seems intermittent or erratic,
the batteries likely need to be changed. Batteries contain nasty stuff which gets released in landfills -- to keep our
groundwater clean, please dispose of used batteries at a recycling center.
• When inserting batteries, all four mode lights flash, indicating that the stored parameters have been restored to Factory-
Settings:
Current-A/V-Source 01 (tuner)
Current-A/V-Zone 01
Current-Lighting-Device 11 (X-10 address A1)
Current-Aux-Device 01

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Programming the System
Setting each Zone’s Initial Volume Level (and maximum level)
When you have the system running, you will likely wish to tailor each room’s initial volume level (the level to which it first turns on).
You can also set the maximum volume of the amplifier at this point.
• Set the RC-16 remote control so you are controlling the desired zone (01 to 90).
Press the Zone button, followed by two-digits corresponding to the desired zone.
eg: Zone-0-1 will select zone 01, and Zone-1-2 will select zone 12.
This zone is saved in the remote until you change it again.
• Turn down power amp’s level control for this zone to about 25%
• Select a nominal-level source such as a CD or Tuner.
• Using the RC-16 remote control, turn the zone’s volume up to maximum.
• Adjust the power amp’s level control to the loudest level you wish the zone to reach.
• Using the RC-16 remote, turn the volume down to the desired initial (turn-on) level.
• Press Shift-FFwd on the RC-16 (Shift followed by the FFwd key).
• Repeat for other zones.

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Remote Control Setup Commands (shift-pause-x):
Note: Zone must be on and unmuted to change these (zone 1-90).
shift-pause-1 Zone-Initial-Volume-To-Current (L/R levels)
shift-pause-2 Zone-Mute-Volume-To-Current (left level)
shift-pause-3 Zone-Min-Volume-To-Current (left level)
shift-pause-4 Zone-Max-Volume-To-Current (left level)
shift-pause-5 Zone-Previous-Volume-Flag-Off (zone turns on with programmed Initial Volume – normal)
shift-pause-6 Zone-Previous-Volume-Flag-On (zone turns on at previous level, saved when zone last turned off)
shift-pause-7 Zone-Audio-Mode to Mono
shift-pause-8 Zone-Audio-Mode to Stereo (normal)
shift-pause-9 Zone-Restore-Factory-Settings (Initial-Vol, etc., this zone only)
Examples (first set RC-16 to desired zone, then select a source):
- to configure a zone's maximum volume level (power amp has gain adjust):
- turn power amplifier's gain down (to perhaps 30 %)
- adjust volume, using remote control, to maximum
- adjust power amplifier's gain to loudest acceptable volume level
- to configure a zone's maximum volume level (power amp has no gain adjust):
- adjust volume, using remote control, to desired level
- press shift-pause-4 to store this volume as the Maximum-Level
- to configure a zone for a fixed initial (turn-on) volume level:
- press shift-pause-5 to turn Previous-Volume-Flag off
- adjust volume to desired level
- press shift-pause-1 to store this volume as the Initial-Level
- to configure a zone for using Previous-Volume as initial level:
- press shift-pause-6 to turn Previous-Volume-Flag on
- to configure a zone for a desired mute level:
- adjust volume to desired level
- press shift-pause-2 to store this volume as the Mute-Level
- to configure a zone for a desired minimum volume level:
- adjust volume to desired level
- press shift-pause-3 to store this volume as the Minimum-Level
- to restore a zone's programmable parameters to factory settings:
- press shift-pause-9, and reset a zone's initial/mute/min/max/tapers...

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Audio/Video Operation
For all operations below, change the RC-16 remote control to the desired zone, if needed. The remote also needs to be in a/v mode
for the following operations: press the RC-16's a/v mode button to change to a/v mode (the button will flash twice). Note: the remote
is automatically placed in a/v mode when you press certain buttons.
Setting the RC-16’s Current-A/V-Zone:
• For all operations below, set the RC-16 remote so you are controlling the desired zone (01 to 90). Press the Zone button,
followed by two-digits corresponding to the desired zone -- eg: Zone-0-1 will select zone 01, and Zone-1-2 will select zone
12. This zone is saved until you change it again.
• You may also control a Cluster (a group of multiple zones that is programmed into the Lattis system), by selecting zones 91
to 98, for Clusters 1 to 8. Only certain functions are available during Cluster operation.
• You may also choose zone 00, which is a special All-Zones code. Only certain functions are available during All-Zones
operation.
• Note: the remote is automatically placed in a/v mode when you press the zone button.
Selecting a Source:
• Press an RC-16 Source button (Tuner, CD...)
Note: This will automatically place the remote in A/V mode.
• The Lattis Ack light will flash. The source is routed to the zone at the programmed Initial-Volume-Level for the zone (or,
the Previous-Volume, if the zone is so configured). If the zone is currently on, the new source will be at the current volume
level.
• The Lattis Active light will be on when any zone is in use.
• If the Lattis s Nak light flashes, the requested zone is not valid for this Lattis unit. (eg: selecting zone 09 when only 01 to 08
are valid in an 8x8 switcher).
• If you have a 16-source LE-1600A or LE-1600V, you access the upper sources by pressing the Shift button, followed by a
source button:
button
tuner source 1 shift-tuner source 9
cd source 2 shift-cd source 10
dss source 3 shift-dss source 11
vcr1 source 4 shift-vcr1 source 12
vcr2 source 5 shift-vcr2 source 13
dvd source 6 shift-dvd source 14
tape source 7 shift-tape source 15
aux source 8 shift-aux source 16
Turning the Zone Off:
• Press the RC-16’s On/Off button -- the Lattis Ack light flashes, and the zone turns off (note: pressing the On/Off button
again turns the zone on with the previous source).
• If the Lattis Nak light flashes, the requested zone is not valid for this Lattis unit.

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Adjusting Zone Volume and Muting:
• Press the RC-16’s Volume-Up/Down buttons, and release at desired volume level.
Note: This will automatically place the remote in A/V mode.
• Press the RC-16’s Mute button -- the zone volume lowers to the programmed Mute-Volume-Level for the zone. Pressing
Mute again will restore original volume.
• The Lattis Ack light flashes during volume adjust or mute. If the Lattis Nak light flashes, the requested zone is not valid for
this Lattis unit, or the zone is not currently on.
Adjusting Zone Bass/Treble:
• Press the RC-16 Shift button, and then press a Channel-Up/Down button to adjust Bass, or a Volume-Up/Down button to
adjust Treble. Each Shift-button-press adjusts up or down one step (can not press-and-hold for Bass/Treble adjustment)
• The Lattis Ack light flashes as the level is adjusted. If the Lattis Nak light flashes, the requested zone is not valid for this
Lattis unit, or the zone is not currently on.
• You may restore Flat Bass/Treble (both to 0-dB) by pressing Shift-Rew on the RC-16.

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VauxProtocol Commands & Messages (RS-232 Control)
Connection of a control system or computer to the Vaux switcher’s Control (RS-232) serial port allows you to fully
control the system using a selection of “Commands,” and to obtain immediate or polled feedback on system status by
listening to “Messages.” This Command/Message language is called VauxProtocol.
Using VauxProtocol, and/or infrared remote control commands, you may control Vaux systems to distribute audio/video
signals throughout a house or building. Vaux switchers are available in sizes up to 16-by-16, and switchers may be
combined, for up to 255 audio and/or video zones, driven by up to 16 a/v sources -- and controlled via a single serial port.
Using an RC-16 remote control gives access to 90 zones and 16 sources.
Zones, Groups, and Clusters.
Each room that needs a/v, will be driven from a Zone on the Vaux switcher. Each zone can independently select from
multiple sources, each zone can have the same, or different, source for audio and video, and each zone has full
volume/bass/treble/mute capability.
Single-command control of multiple zones at a time is provided with zone Groups. The group commands allow selection
of up to eight consecutive zones, starting at any zone. There is no limit to the number of groups, since the definition is
embedded in the command.
Groups can be used with adjoining areas that would normally have the same source selection, such as the Master-
Bedroom/Master-Bath, or Foyer/Great-Room/Dining-Room/Lavatory. Separate zones drive each room, with zone
commands providing individual room volume control. Group commands allow master control of source-selection, and
simultaneous volume adjustment of all zones in the group.
Groups can also be used within a room, such as when a powered subwoofer augments the main audio system. Both the
subwoofer and the main audio amps are driven from separate zones, and hence have individual volume control with zone
commands. Group commands provide master source-selection, volume-absolute/relative/ramping control, and muting.
A Vaux remote control can access eight Clusters, which are pre-programmed zone group definitions. Clusters have the
same constraints as zone groups (ie: up to eight consecutive zones, starting at any zone). Clusters are part of the switcher
configuration -- the factory setting provides a few ready-to-use clusters, or they may be changed using programming
commands. To access clusters 1 to 8 from an RC-16, the remote control is set to Zone-91 through 98, respectively. Only
source-selection, volume, and muting commands may be used when the remote is set to a cluster, and cluster volume from
the remote control does not allow press-and-hold operation as it does for zones (clusters are 2-dB up/down per press).
Note that RS-232 VauxProtocol commands do provide group ramping operation. Clusters can be accessed via
VauxProtocol commands, but this is intended primarily for testing, since the group commands are more flexible and do
not require system programming, as do clusters.

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Send Commands, and Receive Messages
You will likely only need to implement a handful of Commands/Messages in a typical application. In fact, the simplest
application merely sends basic routing and volume Commands, and ignores any received Messages. The next level of
complexity involves interpreting the Messages that are returned in response to control operations – these Messages are
returned for both RS-232 Commands and button-press actions on handheld remote-controls. You may watch for an
expected message immediately after sending a Command (single-threaded program), or you may have a separate section
of code that parses the messages independently of the command processing code, and then updates internal variables and
displays (multi-threaded program). This allows you to close-the-loop on the whole system (232 and IR control). You
may send commands from the control section of your 232 code, and/or use IR control from remotes or keypads -- your
message-handler will update variables/displays in the background. If you wish to ensure that your 232 command resulted
in an action, you may monitor internal variables after sending your command (instead of waiting for a specific message),
and implement timeout/retry/alert handling as desired for your application.
VauxProtocol Commands begin with an asterisk (*) character, followed by two letters (uppercase or lowercase) defining
the type of command, one or more comma-delimited decimal-number parameters, and finally a carriage-return and/or line-
feed character (CR/LF). The CR/LF characters are the only non-printable ascii characters used in VauxProtocol, and are
identified in Vaux documentation as <cr>.
The first number parameter is a "command-id" number, defining the specific action for this type of command, and which
parameters follow to complete the command. If a Command (optionally) includes an extra parameter, the last parameter is
presumed to be a checksum. An example command:
*CW,40,3,5,4 <cr>
Similarly, VauxProtocol Messages begin with an exclamation (!) character, followed by one letter defining the type of
message, one or more comma-delimited decimal number parameters, and a terminating CR/LF. Optionally, you can force
leading zeroes in Messages, for fixed three-digit parameters (eg: 003,012). Many Commands return the same status
Message – simplifying parsing code. An example message:
!S,40,3,5,4 <cr>
The serial port requires 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, with Xon/Xoff flow control enabled.
Command Flexibility
Letters in the Command header may be upper or lowercase, and spaces can appear in the commands, as desired.
The decimal number parameters in Commands are ascii-encoded-decimal number strings that normally range from 0 to
255. There may be any number of digits in a parameter (eg: 5, 21, 114), and a parameter may optionally include any
number of leading zeroes (ie: 002, 02, and 2 are all equivalent).
Parameters normally should not exceed 255, although larger numbers are allowed. Numbers greater than 255 are
truncated to 1-byte internally (this is actually handy for the optional checksum parameter, discussed later).
A null parameter (nothing between the commas) will evaluate to 0. An 'X' character may be placed in a parameter
position, and will evaluate to 255, which, in some commands, is used to IGNORE the parameter.

14
A comma ',' is used to delimit parameter fields. An underscore character '_' may optionally be substituted for the comma
delimiter.
Commands are terminated with a carriage-return (CR) and/or line-feed (LF) character (CR = 0x0d = 13; LF = 0x0a = 10),
to work with string terminations found in various programming environments:
- linux/unix systems use LF (\n aka newline)
- macintosh systems use CR (\r aka return)
- windows/dos systems use CR/LF (\r\n)
Vaux documentation uses the symbol <cr> to indicate termination of Commands (CR and/or LF accepted), and
termination of Messages (CR and LF are sent).
A Command will be discarded if 1) it is truncated with a premature CR, LF, or *, 2) if the delimit character is anything
other than comma or underscore, or 3) if non-digit chars are embedded in the numerical parameters (except 'X' may be
used in place of a parameter, evaluating to 255 -- this is used to ignore the parameter, for commands that allow it).
Four VauxProtocol Command formats are defined:
Control-Write: *CW,id,num1(,num2)...<cr> or *CW_id_num1(_num2)...<cr>
Control-Read (poll): *CR,id,num1(,num2)...<cr> or *CR_id_num1(_num2)...<cr>
Program-Write: *PW,id,num1(,num2)...<cr> or *PW_id_num1(_num2)...<cr>
Program-Read: *PR,id,num1(,num2)...<cr> or *PR_id_num1(_num2)...<cr>
User applications use the Control-Write (*CW) Commands, and parse the resulting Status-Messages. User
applications may also use the Control-Read (*CR) Commands, if it is desired to handle Message parsing on a
periodically-polled basis. The Program-Write (*PW) and Program-Read (*PR) Commands are for programming
the system configuration, and are not to be employed in a user application, except as part of a setup function. Do
not use *PW commands in power-up boot code, since power-fluctuations at boot time (eg: power restoring after an
outage), could result in corrupted parameters.
Optional Command Checksums
If a Command includes an extra parameter, the last parameter is presumed to be a checksum of all preceding parameters.
The checksum can be truncated to 1-byte before being sent (overflow discarded) or it can simply be the total sum (which,
if over 255, gets truncated to 1-byte internally).
Example command to set Zone-7 volume to 0-dB:
*CW,23,7,32,0 this is normal command with no checksum
*CW,23,7,32,0,62 this is command with checksum (23+7+32+0=62)
Example command to set Zone-241 volume to 0-dB:
*CW,23,241,32,0 this is normal command with no checksum
*CW,23,241,32,0,296 this is command with total checksum (23+241+32+0=296)
*CW,23,241,32,0,40 this is command with truncated (1-byte) checksum (296-256=40)

15
Routing Commands & Messages:
• For zone 0 (all zones), no messages are returned (multiple zones/switchers would be responding together).
• A muted zone will be unmuted if route commands are received (except route-muted cmds).
• Group commands apply to a group of up to eight consecutive zones, as defined in the command.
Control-Write Cmd Description Command Status-Message
Route-Audio/Video (note 3, 4, 5) *CW,10,zon,ssa,ssv <cr> !S,3,zon,sta,stv,ssa,ssv,vvl,vvr,bas,trb <cr>
Route-Audio (note 1, 5) *CW,11,zon,ssa <cr> !S,1,zon,sta,ssa,vvl,vvr,bas,trb <cr>
Route-Video (note 2) *CW,12,zon,ssv <cr> !S,2,zon,stv,ssv <cr>
Route-AV (note 3, 5) *CW,13,zon,src <cr> !S,3,zon,sta,stv,ssa,ssv,vvl,vvr,bas,trb <cr>
Route-Muted (note 3, 4, 6) *CW,14,zon,ssa,ssv <cr> !S,1/2/3 (as appropriate)
Route-at-Volume (note 3, 4, 7) *CW,15,zon,ssa,ssv,vra <cr> !S,1/2/3 (as appropriate)
Route-at-Volume-Muted (note 3, 4, 8) *CW,16,zon,ssa,ssv,vra <cr> !S,1/2/3 (as appropriate)
Group-Route-Audio/Video (note 3, 4, 9) *CW,60,gbz,gzd,ssa,ssv <cr> !S,1/2/3 (for each zone in group)
Group-Route-Muted (note 3, 4, 6, 9) *CW,61,gbz,gzd,ssa,ssv <cr> !S,1/2/3 (for each zone in group)
zon is zone 0 to 255 (when permitted, 0=all-zones, with no messages returned)
ssa is audio source 0 to 8 (0=off) (or 0 to 16, for 16-source switchers) (see note 4)
ssv is video source 0 to 8 (0=off) (or 0 to 16, for 16-source switchers) (see note 4)
src is audio and video source 0 to 8 (0=off) (or 0 to 16, for 16-source switchers)
vra is route-at volume (left and right) 1 to 35 (2-dB/increment) (see note 10)
vvl is left volume level 0 to 35 (2-dB/increment) (see note 10)
vvr is right volume level 0 to 35 (2-dB/increment) (see note 10)
bas is bass level 0 to 8 (3-dB/increment) (see note 11)
trb is treble level 0 to 8 (3-dB/increment) (see note 11)
sta is audio-state code 0=off, 1=on, 2=on/muted-audio
stv is video-state code 0=off, 1=on
gbz is group-base-zone 1 to 249; on 8-zone increments (eg: 1, 9, 17... ) (see note 9)
gzd is group-zone-definition 0 to 255 (each bit specifies 1 of 8 zones, starting at gbz) (see note 9)

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Routing Notes:
Note 1 -- Audio-only route commands (may use Zone-0) (*CW,11):
- to audio-only switcher: route audio, update audio state, send audio mssg
- to video-only switcher: ignore
- to a/v switcher: route audio, update audio state, send audio mssg
Note 2 -- Video-only route commands (may use Zone-0) (*CW,12):
- to audio-only switcher: ignore
- to video-only switcher: route video, update video state, send video mssg
- to a/v switcher: route video, update video state, send video mssg
Note 3 -- Audio/Video route commands (may use Zone-0, as appropriate) (*CW,10/13/14/15/16/60/61):
(the audio unit tracks and reports video state, and video unit is silent – eg: LE-1600A and LE-1600V together)
- to audio-only switcher: route audio, update audio AND VIDEO state, send a/v mssg
- to video-only switcher: route video, update video state -- NO MSSG
- to a/v switcher: route a/v, update a/v state, send a/v mssg
Note 4 – Audio and/or Video route commands (may use Zone-0, as appropriate) (*CW,10/14/15/16/60/61):
- Source parameters ssa and ssv may both be defined, or either may be IGNORE (to only set one source)
For IGNORE, set the parameter to 255, or, optionally, insert the ‘X’ character.
Note 5 -- Routing audio using standard route commands (*CW,10/11/13/60):
1) Routing a source when zone is currently off:
- Routes and sets zone volume to:
a) Normal (factory setting) route volume uses programmed "Zone-Initial-Volume."
b) Optionally, may configure route volume to be "Previous" volume.
(this was level when zone was last turned off)
(the implementation actually updates Zone-Initial-Volume at every zone turn-off).
2) Routing a source when zone is currently on (skipped if source is the same):
- Routes at current zone volume.
3) Routing a source when zone is currently muted:
- Routes and unmutes to previous volume (level when zone was muted).
Note 6 -- Routing audio using Route-Muted commands (*CW,14/61):
1) Routing a source when zone is currently off:
- Routes and places zone in muted state, and sets unmute volume to:.
a) Normal (factory setting) unmute level uses programmed "Zone-Initial-Volume."
b) Optionally, may configure unmute level to be "Previous" volume.
(this was level when zone was last turned off)
(the implementation actually updates Zone-Initial-Volume at every zone turn-off,
then this route-muted command loads unmute levels from initial).
2) Routing a source when zone is currently on (skipped if source is the same):
- Routes at current zone volume.
NOTE: DOES NOT MUTE IF ZONE IS ON
3) Routing a source when zone is currently muted:
- Routes and leaves zone in muted state.
- Unmute level will be previous volume (level when zone was muted).
Note 7 -- Routing audio using Route-At-Volume commands (*CW,15):
1) Routing a source when zone is currently off:
- Routes and sets zone volume to specified volume level.
2) Routing a source when zone is currently on:
- Routes at specified volume level (if source is the same, just updates volume).
3) Routing a source when zone is currently muted:
- Routes and unmutes to specified volume level.

17
Note 8 -- Routing audio using Route-At-Volume-Muted commands (*CW,16):
1) Routing a source when zone is currently off:
- Routes and places zone in muted state, and unmute level will be specified volume level.
2) Routing a source when zone is currently on (NOTE: DOES NOT MUTE IF ZONE IS ON):
- Routes at specified volume level (if source is the same, just updates volume).
3) Routing a source when zone is currently muted:
- Routes and leaves zone in muted state, and unmute level will be specified volume level.
Note 9 -- Routing using Group commands (*CW,60/61):
Routes are reported for each zone defined in the group. Group commands apply to a group of eight consecutive zones, as
defined in the command by gbz and gzd. Parameter gbz is group-base-zone, and gzd is group-zone-definition, which define
a group of up to eight zones. If the group is defined such that the zones are on different switchers, the returned messages
will collide and be garbled – therefore, gbz should be restricted to 8-zone increments (1, 9, 17…).
Each bit in gzd corresponds to one of eight zones, with bit-0 (LSB) being the lowest zone, and the bit-7 (MSB)
being the highest zone. If the bit is 1, the zone is included in the group, and if the bit is 0, it is excluded.
The first zone (selected by bit-0) is defined as group-base-zone gbz. The next seven bits in gzd correspond to the
next seven zones above gbz. For example, if gbz = 9 and gzd = 155, the group includes zones 9, 10, 12, 13, and 16.
First, choose gbz, then to select the appropriate gzd, you need to set the gzd bits corresponding to the desired zones.
Zone
9 = gbz bit-0 1 1 (lsb) 1
10 bit-1 2 1 2
11 bit-2 4 0 0
12 bit-3 8 1 8
13 bit-4 16 1 16
14 bit-5 32 0 0
15 bit-6 64 0 0
16 bit-7 128 1 (msb)
= 10011011 = 155 = gzd
Therefore, when we choose gbz = 9, and set the appropriate bits in gzd to include zones 9, 10, 12, 13, and 16 in
the group, we need gzd = 155. You can get this gzd either by converting the binary value 10011011 to decimal,
or by adding the bit-values that correspond to the included zones (128+16+8+2+1 = 155).
For testing clusters, use the group commands but set gbz to cluster 1 to 8, and gzd to 0.
Note 10 –Volume Levels (vvl, vvr, vra) are 2-dB/increment (except for 0 = -80dB):
35 +6 dB 26 -12 dB 17 -30 dB 8 -48 dB
34 +4 dB 25 -14 dB 16 -32 dB 7 -50 dB
33 +2 dB 24 -16 dB 15 -34 dB 6 -52 dB
32 0 dB (pass) 23 -18 dB 14 -36 dB 5 -54 dB
31 -2 dB 22 -20 dB 13 -38 dB 4 -56 dB
30 -4 dB 21 -22 dB 12 -40 dB 3 -58 dB
29 -6 dB 20 -24 dB 11 -42 dB 2 -60 dB
28 -8 dB 19 -26 dB 10 -44 dB 1 -62 dB
27 -10 dB 18 -28 dB 9 -46 dB 0 -80 dB
Note 11 – Bass/Treble Levels (bas, trb) are 3-dB/increment:
8 +12 dB
7 +9 dB
6 +6 dB
5 +3 dB
4 0 dB (flat)
3 -3 dB
2 -6 dB
1 -9 dB
0 -12 dB

18
Volume/Bass/Treble/Mute Commands & Messages:
• Volume/bass/treble/mute commands will only affect zones that are not off (ie: zones that are on or muted).
• A muted zone will be unmuted if volume adjustment commands are received.
• Group commands apply to a group of up to eight consecutive zones, as defined in the command.
Control-Write Cmd Description Command Status-Message
Absolute-L/R-Volume (note 1, 2, 4, 7) *CW,20,zon,vvl,vvr,tpr <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Absolute-Volume (note 2) *CW,23,zon,vol,tpr <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Volume-Up (2-dB) *CW,24,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Volume-Down (2-dB) *CW,25,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Left-Volume-Up (note 4) *CW,26,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Left-Volume-Down (note 4) *CW,27,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Right-Volume-Up (note 4) *CW,28,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Right-Volume-Down (note 4) *CW,29,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Balance-to-Left (note 5) *CW,30,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Balance-to-Right (note 5) *CW,31,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Ramp-Volume-Up *CW,35,zon <cr> (none)
Ramp-Volume-Down *CW,36,zon <cr> (none)
Ramp-Volume-Stop (note 3) *CW,37,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
NOTE: volume ramps at 2-dB/100-msec until stopped, or Min/Max-Vol reached!
Absolute-Bass/Treble (note 1) *CW,40,zon,bas,trb <cr> !S,40,zon,bas,trb <cr>
Flat-Bass/Treble (0-dB) *CW,41,zon <cr> !S,40,zon,bas,trb <cr>
Bass-Up (3-dB/step) *CW,42,zon <cr> !S,40,zon,bas,trb <cr>
Bass-Down (3-dB/step) *CW,43,zon <cr> !S,40,zon,bas,trb <cr>
Treble-Up (3-dB/step) *CW,44,zon <cr> !S,40,zon,bas,trb <cr>
Treble-Down (3-dB/step) *CW,45,zon <cr> !S,40,zon,bas,trb <cr>
Audio-Mute-Toggle *CW,50,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Audio-Mute-On *CW,51,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Audio-Mute-Off *CW,52,zon <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>
Group-Volume-Up (2-dB) (note 6) *CW,62,gbz,gzd <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr> (for each zon in group)
Group-Volume-Down (2-dB) (note 6) *CW,63,gbz,gzd <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr> (for each zon in group)
Group-Ramp-Volume-Up (note 6) *CW,64,gbz,gzd <cr> (none)
Group-Ramp-Volume-Down (note 6) *CW,65,gbz,gzd <cr> (none)
Group-Ramp-Volume-Stop (note 3, 6) *CW,66,gbz,gzd <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr>> (for each zon in group)
Group-Mute-Toggle (note 6) *CW,67,gbz,gzd <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr> (for each zon in group)
Group-Mute-On (note 6) *CW,68,gbz,gzd <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr> (for each zon in group)
Group-Mute-Off (note 6) *CW,69,gbz,gzd <cr> !S,20,zon,sta,vvl,vvr <cr> (for each zon in group)

19
zon is zone 1 to 255 (zone-0 not permitted)
vvl is left volume level 0 to 35 (2-dB/increment) (see note 1, 7)
vvr is right volume level 0 to 35 (2-dB/increment) (see note 1, 7)
vol is volume (left and right) 0 to 35 (2-dB/increment) (see note 7)
bas is bass level 0 to 8 (3-dB/increment) (see note 8)
trb is treble level 0 to 8 (3-dB/increment) (see note 8)
tpr is taper-enable 0=no-taper, 1=taper-volume
sta is audio-state code 0=off, 1=on, 2=on/muted-audio
gbz is group-base-zone 1 to 249; on 8-zone increments (eg: 1, 9, 17... ) (see note 6)
gzd is group-zone-definition 0 to 255 (each bit specifies 1 of 8 zones, starting at gbz) (see note 6)
Volume/Bass/Treble/Mute Notes:
Note 1 – Absolute Left and/or Right Volume (*CW,20), and Absolute Bass and/or Treble (*CW,40) commands:
Volume level parameters vvl and vvr may both be defined, or either may be IGNORE (to only set the one channel)
For IGNORE, set the parameter to 255, or, optionally, insert the ‘X’ character. Either bas or trb may be set to IGNORE.
Note 2 – Tapering with Absolute Volume commands (*CW,20/23):
If parameter tpr is set to 0, the absolute volume is set immediately. If tpr is set to 1, the level tapers-up or down using
the zone’s tud/tdd taper configuration.
Note 3 –Volume-Ramping commands (*CW,35/36/37/64/65/66):
Volume levels are reported only when ramping is stopped (not at each increment).
Note 4 – Mono zone with Left and/or Right Volume commands (*CW,20/26/27/28/29):
If a zone is programmed for mono operation, the same source must be routed to both the L&R channels, but these
volume commands allow you to provide independent volume control for two mono areas. You may also apply
relative-up/down control to both L&R as a “master” control of this 2-channel area, while retaining independent “sub-zone”
control over each channel with the individual (L or R) volume commands. This is handy in patios etc.
Note 5 – Zone Balance commands (*CW,30/31):
The Balance-to-Left command increases the left channel by 2-dB, and decreases the right channel by 2-dB. The
Balance-to-Right command is the opposite. For finer control you can adjust only one channel with the *CW,24/25
commands. The left and right volumes may remain at different levels -- the volume up/down and ramping commands
operate on both channels, relative to the volume of each. Balance is maintained when muting/unmuting, and running
volume to the rails and back. After balancing a zone, adjust the volume to the desired level for zone turn-on, and save
the current levels as the Initial-Volume-Levels (balance will be maintained, since left and right initial levels are saved).

20
Note 6 –Group-Volume/Mute commands (*CW,62/63/64/65/66/67/68/69):
Volume levels are reported for each zone defined in the group. Group commands apply to a group of eight consecutive
zones, as defined in the command by gbz and gzd. Parameter gbz is group-base-zone, and gzd is group-zone-definition,
which define a group of up to eight zones. If the group is defined such that the zones are on different switchers, the returned
messages will collide and be garbled – therefore, gbz should be restricted to 8-zone increments (1, 9, 17…).
Each bit in gzd corresponds to one of eight zones, with bit-0 (LSB) being the lowest zone, and the bit-7 (MSB)
being the highest zone. If the bit is 1, the zone is included in the group, and if the bit is 0, it is excluded.
The first zone (selected by bit-0) is defined as group-base-zone gbz. The next seven bits in gzd correspond to the
next seven zones above gbz. For example, if gbz = 9 and gzd = 155, the group includes zones 9, 10, 12, 13, and 16.
First, choose gbz, then to select the appropriate gzd, you need to set the gzd bits corresponding to the desired zones.
Zone
9 = gbz bit-0 1 1 (lsb) 1
10 bit-1 2 1 2
11 bit-2 4 0 0
12 bit-3 8 1 8
13 bit-4 16 1 16
14 bit-5 32 0 0
15 bit-6 64 0 0
16 bit-7 128 1 (msb)
= 10011011 = 155 = gzd
Therefore, when we choose gbz = 9, and set the appropriate bits in gzd to include zones 9, 10, 12, 13, and 16 in
the group, we need gzd = 155. You can get this gzd either by converting the binary value 10011011 to decimal,
or by adding the bit-values that correspond to the included zones (128+16+8+2+1 = 155).
For testing clusters, use the group commands but set gbz to cluster 1 to 8, and gzd to 0.
Note 7 –Volume Levels (vol, vvl, vvr, vra) are 2-dB/increment (except for 0 = -80dB):
35 +6 dB 26 -12 dB 17 -30 dB 8 -48 dB
34 +4 dB 25 -14 dB 16 -32 dB 7 -50 dB
33 +2 dB 24 -16 dB 15 -34 dB 6 -52 dB
32 0 dB (pass) 23 -18 dB 14 -36 dB 5 -54 dB
31 -2 dB 22 -20 dB 13 -38 dB 4 -56 dB
30 -4 dB 21 -22 dB 12 -40 dB 3 -58 dB
29 -6 dB 20 -24 dB 11 -42 dB 2 -60 dB
28 -8 dB 19 -26 dB 10 -44 dB 1 -62 dB
27 -10 dB 18 -28 dB 9 -46 dB 0 -80 dB
Note 8 – Bass/Treble Levels (bas, trb) are 3-dB/increment:
8 +12 dB
7 +9 dB
6 +6 dB
5 +3 dB
4 0 dB (flat)
3 -3 dB
2 -6 dB
1 -9 dB
0 -12 dB