VIRATA ADSL Ethernet Router Series User manual

ADSL Ethernet Router Series
Technical Manual
Version 1.5
Protocols Discussed:
RFC 2684 (RFC 1483) Ethernet Framing
RFC 2684 (RFC 1483) IP Framing
RFC 2225 (RFC 1577) IPoA
RFC 2516 PPPoE
RFC 2364 PPPoA
Transparent Bridge

©Copyright, December 2001. All Rights Reserved.
(P/N: 040-513447-151) (Ref: 9009000)
• Virata is a registered trademark of Virata Corporation.
• All other company or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks or
service marks of their respective owners and are hereby recognized as such.

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Safety Guidelines
Adhere to the following safety guidelines when using your unit to reduce the risk of
fire, electric shock and injury.
Understand all instructions in the manual. Follow all instruction labels found
on the unit.
Except for the power adapter supplied, the unit should not be connected to
other adapters/power supplies.
Never spill liquid of any kind on the unit.
Do not place the unit on an unstable stand or table. The unit may drop and
become damaged.
Do not expose the unit to direct sunlight.
Do not put any heat generating devices close to the unit as it may degrade or
cause damage to it.
Do not stack the unit on top of each other. / Do not put any heavy object on
top of the unit
Do not use liquid cleaners or aerosol cleaners. Use a soft, dry cloth for
cleaning.
Product warranty does not apply to damage caused by lightning, power surges or wrong
voltageusage.

Contents
Safety Guidelines ......................................................................... iii
About This Manual ....................................................................... ix
Conventions Used ........................................................................ x
1. Setting Up Local Management ................................................... 2-1
1.1 Setting up the Serial Link ................................................... 2-1
1.2 Configuring the Serial Link .................................................. 2-1
2. Basic Commands on Running Local Management ..................... 3-1
2.1 Guidelines ........................................................................ 3-1
2.2 Checking Your Router Performances ..................................... 3-2
2.3 Checking Your Router Entries .............................................. 3-2
2.4 To Disconnect/Connect the ADSL Link .................................. 3-3
2.5 To Toggle between Various Modes ........................................ 3-3
3. Configuring Your Router ........................................................... 4-1
3.1 Configuration Flow Chart .................................................... 4-1
3.2 Network Setup Overview .................................................... 4-2
3.3 Configuring the Basics........................................................ 4-4
3.3.1 Configuring the Basics:
Step 1 - Resetting your Router's Configuration ..... 4-5
3.3.2 Configuring the Basics:
Step 2 - Configuring the LAN ............................. 4-7
3.3.3 Configuring the Basics:
Step 3 - Configuring the WAN ............................ 4-7
i) Configuring the WAN - For RFC 2684
(RFC 1483) Ethernet Framing .................. 4-7
ii) Configuring the WAN - For RFC 2684
(RFC 1483) IP Framing ........................... 4-8
iii) Configuring the WAN - For RFC 2225
(RFC 1577) IPoA .................................... 4-9
iv) Configuring the WAN - For RFC 2364 PPPoA . 4-10
v) Configuring the WAN - For RFC 2516 PPPoE . 4-11

3.3.4 Configuring the Basics:
Step 4 - Configuring the Routing Table ................ 4-12
3.3.5 Configuring the Basics:
Step 5 - Enabling IP Forwarding ......................... 4-12
3.3.6 Configuring the Basics: Step 6 - Enabling NAT .... 4-12
3.3.7 Configuring the Basics:
Step 7 - Saving the Configurations ...................... 4-12
3.4 Setting Up NAT Inbound Port Forwarding
(Port Address Translation) ................................................... 4-13
3.5 Configuring DHCP Server .................................................... 4-15
3.5.1 Some useful commands for DHCP ...................... 4-15
3.5.2 DHCP Server Illustration .................................... 4-16
3.6 Configuring DNS Relay ....................................................... 4-17
3.6.1 To Enable DNS Relay (with fixed IP address from your
ADSL Service Provider) ...................................... 4-17
3.6.2 To Check DNS Relay Server Status ...................... 4-17
3.6.3 To Disable DNS Relay ........................................ 4-17
3.7 Setting Up SNMP .............................................................. 4-18
3.7.1 Read/Write Access ............................................ 4-18
3.7.2 SNMP Trap ....................................................... 4-19
3.8 Setting up Telnet Access ..................................................... 4-19
3.9 Configuring Autoloop for IP Interface .................................... 4-20
4. Configuring Your Transparent Bridge ........................................ 5-1
4.1 Network Setup Overview .................................................... 5-1
4.2 Configuring the Basics ........................................................ 5-1
4.2.1 Step 1: Resetting your Router's Configuration....................... 5-2
4.2.2 Step 2: Configuring the LAN .............................................. 5-3
4.2.3 Step 3: Saving the Configurations ....................................... 5-3
5. Router Configuration Examples................................................. 6-1
5.1 Example on RFC 2684 (RFC 1483) IP Framing .................... 6-1
5.2 Example on RFC 2364 PPPoA ............................................ 6-2

6. Configuring PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol) ........... 7-1
6.1 Running the Console Commands ......................................... 7-1
6.1.1 Step 1 - Configuring the LAN ............................. 7-1
6.1.2 Step 2 - Configuring PPP Client and PNS (PPTP
Network Server) ................................................ 7-1
6.1.3 Step 3 - Binding to Ethernet Interface ................ 7-2
6.2 Setting Up Dial-Up Networking ........................................... 7-2
6.2.1 Creating Dial-Up Networking .............................. 7-3
6.2.2 Establishing Your Internet Connection.................. 7-5

Appendix A - Commonly Used Commands ......................................... A-1
A.1 TCP/IP Commands............................................................. A-1
A.1.1 autoloop ........................................................... A-1
A.1.2 config............................................................... A-2
A.1.3 device .............................................................. A-3
A.1.4 ip device .......................................................... A-4
A.1.5 ipatm pvc ......................................................... A-5
A.1.6 relay ................................................................ A-6
A.1.7 rip accept ......................................................... A-7
A.1.8 rip send ............................................................ A-8
A.1.9 route ................................................................ A-9
A.1.10 snmp ................................................................ A-10
A.2 Bridge Commands ............................................................. A-11
A.2.1 device add ........................................................ A-11
A.2.2 device delete .................................................... A-12
A.2.3 device flush ...................................................... A-12
A.2.4 device list ......................................................... A-13
A.3 PPP Commands ................................................................ A-14
A.3.1 Console object types .......................................... A-14
A.3.2 Console examples .............................................. A-14
A.3.3 <channel> echo every ...................................... A-15
A.3.4 <channel> pppoe ............................................. A-16
A.3.5 <channel> pvc ................................................. A-18
A.3.6 <channel> welogin ........................................... A-19
A.3.7 user ................................................................. A-19
A.4 NAT Commands ................................................................ A-20
A.4.1 event ................................................................ A-20
A.4.2 inbound / Port Address Translation / Port Mapping A-21
A.4.3 info .................................................................. A-22
A.4.4 interfaces ......................................................... A-23
A.4.5 ip nat ............................................................... A-23
A.4.6 sessions ........................................................... A-24

A.5 DHCP Server Commands .................................................... A-25
A.5.1 config............................................................... A-25
A.5.2 dnsrelay config.................................................. A-27
A.5.3 dnsrelay retry .................................................... A-28
A.5.4 dnsrelay server.................................................. A-28
A.5.5 dnsrelay status .................................................. A-29
A.5.6 dnsrelay trace/untrace ....................................... A-30
A.5.7 help ................................................................. A-31
A.5.8 status ............................................................... A-31
A.5.9 version ............................................................. A-32
A.6 BUN Commands ............................................................... A-33
A.6.1 bun list channels ............................................... A-33
A.7 PPTP Commands .............................................................. A-34
A.7.1 Console object types .......................................... A-34
A.7.2 Console Examples .............................................. A-34
A.7.3 bind ................................................................. A-35
A.7.4 <tunnel> create ............................................... A-36
A.7.5 <tunnel> delete ............................................... A-37
A.7.6 <tunnel> info .................................................. A-37
A.7.7 list ................................................................... A-37
Appendix B - Well-Known TCP/UDP Ports ......................................... B-1

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About This Manual
This manual is written for users who are familiar with console commands. It
contains instructions on how to configure your router for different network configurations.
Chapter 1 - Setting Up Local Management guides you on how to setup and establish
a communication link between your router and PC. With this local mangement
established, you can then start issuing console commands.
Chapter 2 - Basic Commands on Running Local Management gives the basic
commands to run the local management.
Chapter 3 - Configuring Your Router guides you on how to configure your router for
different network configurations. A Configuration Flow Chart is provided. The line
protocols discussed are RFC 2684 (RFC 1483) Ethernet Framing, RFC 2684 (RFC
1483) IP Framing, RFC 2225 (RFC 1577) IP over ATM, RFC 2364 PPPoA and RFC
2516 PPPoE. The configuring of NAT Inbound Port Forwarding, DHCP Server, DNS
Relay and so on, can also be found in this chapter.
Chapter 4 - Configuring Your Transparent Bridge guides you on how to configure
your router for transparent bridge.
Chapter 5 - Router Configuration Examples give you router configuration examples
based on RFC 2684 (RFC 1483) IP Framing and RFC 2364 PPPoA.
Chapter 6 - Configuring PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol) guides you on the
console commands and setting up of the dial-up networking for PPTP.
You will be able to find detailed descriptions of the console commands at Appendix
A - Commonly Used Commands and the commonly used TCP/UDP Ports atAppendix
B - Well-Known TCP/UDP Ports.

○○○○○ ADSL Ethernet Router Series Technical Manual
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ConventionsUsed
Text that appears in this style are console commands.
Example of console command: ip device add ppp_device ether //ppp/DEVICE=1
Numbers in italics are to be replaced with values from your ISP / System
Administrator.
In the example:
ppp 1 pvc 0 35 ip , you are to replace 1, 0and 35 with
actual values given from your System Administrator.
xNumerics in superscript denote further explanation for the text.
Explanation can mostly be found at the bottom of the same page.
Note boxes are information that you need to pay special attention to.

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1.1 Setting up the Serial Link
i) Connect one end of a serial cable to the COM Port (9-pin) of your PC and
the other end to the Serial Port (9-pin) of your router.
ii) Connect your router to the Power Mains via the Power adaptor (that comes
with your package). You may refer to the User Manual for the illustrated
connection.
DO NOT POWER ON YOUR ROUTER SWITCH YET !
1.2 Configuring the Serial Link
i) Run the HyperTerminal program from your PC.
(You may also use other Serial Communication Programs. HyperTerminal
program is used as an illustration here).
For example, if you are running Windows®98, from your Windows taskbar,
click Start > Programs > Accessories > Communications > HyperTerminal.
Double-click HyperTerminal.
1. Setting Up Local Management
Local management refers to the process of managing and configuring the settings of
your router for your network environment. It is done via a PC connected to your
router.
Before running local management, communication between your router and your PC
has to be configured and established for them to 'understand each other'. You need
to setup a physical link between your router and the PC via a serial cable as
described in Section 1.1. Section 1.2 will show you how to configure the interface link
to allow communication between your PC and your router.
Setting up of local management needs only to be carried out once
for the same PC. However if you are connecting your router to
another PC, you will need to run section 1.1 and 1.2 again.

○○○○○ 1—SettingUp Local Management
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ii) Enter any name for your new
connection and click OK.
iii) From the Connect To
dialog box, select the
COM port that your
router is connected to
and click OK.
iv) From the Port Settings, make the
following selections for the fields:
Bits per second: 9600
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop bits: 1
Flow control: None
Click OK. This completes
configuring the communication link
between your router and the PC.

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1—SettingUp Local Management
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This indicates successful serial link.
(If the messages did not display, power off your router and check the connection
of your serial cable. Make sure that the connection is firm and power on the
router again.)
You may now proceed with the following chapters to run local management.
v) Power on the Power Mains and the switch on your router. You should see
similar messages as illustrated, on your HyperTerminal. (Actual messages vary
with different system and firmware version.)

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•Type help to display on-line help on the console commands.
•Type home to return to the initial command prompt.
•Type .to repeat previous command.
•Press ñkey on your keyboard to display previous command line
entered.
•Type logout to logout. (You will be prompted for login again.)
•Console commands are case-sensitive. Punctuations (e.g. '_' underscore,
'-' hyphen, ' ' spacing, etc) must be adhered to strictly.
•For detailed description and syntax of console commands, you may refer
to Appendix A - Commonly Used Commands on this Technical Manual.
2. Basic Commands on Running Local
Management
This section gives you the basic guidelines on console commands, how to check your
router performances, router entries, to disconnect/connect your ADSL link and to
toggle between modes.
2.1 Guidelines
The commands in this manual are to be issued at initial command
prompt. You may also choose to go to the respective directories and
run the commands from there. (For example, to run bsp commands,
you need only to type
channel at bsp> prompt to obtain the net data
rate.)
At the prompt for password, enter either 'stm' or 'password'
(without the quotes). These are factory default passwords.
(If you have changed the default password at the DSL Router
Commander - SNMP option, enter your new password.)

○○○○○ 2 — Basic Commands on Running Local Management
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2.2 Checking Your Router Performances
i) To check for line parameters:
bsp line
ii) To check for line performance:
bsp perf
iii) To check for line status:
bsp mode
iv) To check net data rate:
bsp channel
v) To monitor traffic:
bun list channels
2.3 Checking Your Router Entries
Messages displayed are the settings you have saved.
i) To list existing interfaces:
ip device
or
bridge device [for Transparent Bridge and RFC 2684 (RFC 1483) Ethernet Framing]
ii) To list existing subnet mask:
ip subnet
or
ppp 1 lansubnet (for RFC 2364 and RFC 2516)
iii) To list existing route table (not applicable for Transparent Bridge)
ip route

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2 — Basic Commands on Running Local Management
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For commands in section 2.5, changes will take effect only after
you have re-established the line by issuing a
bsp down and bsp up
commands (see section 2.4).
For changes to be permanent, please follow by a
config save
command.
2.4 To Disconnect/Connect the ADSL Link
i) To disconnect the ADSL link:
bsp down
(Upon issuing this command, ADSL Link will be disconnected unless the
following command is issued.)
ii) To re-connect (establish) the ADSL link:
bsp up
2.5 To Toggle between Various Modes
i) To set router to multimode (auto-detect G.dmt, G.Lite & ANSI TI.413):
bsp multi
ii) To force router into detecting G.Lite only:
bsp glite
iii) To force router into detecting G.dmt only:
bsp gdmt
iv) To force router into detecting ANSI T1.413 only:
bsp ansi

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3. Configuring Your Router
3.1 Configuration Flow Chart
Configurations Completes!
Setup Your Serial Link
Reset Router Configurations
Configure Your LAN settings
Configure Your WAN settings
RFC 2684
Ethernet
Framing
RFC 2684
IP Framing RFC 2225 IPoA RFC 2364 PPPoA RFC 2516 PPPoE Transparent Bridge
Configure Routing Table
Enable IP Forwarding
NAT required ? Enable NAT
Config Save
No
Yes
Transparent
Bridge ?
Yes
No
(Chapter 1)
(section 3.3.1)
(section 3.3.2)
(section 3.3.3)
[section 3.3.3, (i)][section 3.3.3, (ii)] [section 3.3.3, (iii)][section 3.3.3, (iv)] [section 3.3.3, (v)]
(section 3.3.4)
(section 3.3.5)
(section 3.3.6)
(section 3.3.7)
(Chapter 4)

○○○○○ 3 — Configuring Your Router
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PVC=0/35
WAN LAN PC X
PC A
PC B
ADSL Your Router
PCs with
Ethernet cards
WAN IP
202.166.29.154
LAN IP
192.168.1.1 (with NAT)
202.166.30.1 (without NAT)
WAN Gateway = 202.166.29.2
Hub/Switch
(The Hub / Switch is optional if your router has more than 1 Ethernet Ports)
1. All IP addresses and PVC values stated in this manual serve
only as examples for your better understanding. You are
required to replace these values with those given by your ADSL
Service Provider /System Administrator.
2. Console commands arecase-sensitive. Punctuations (examples,
'_' underscore, '-' hyphen, ' ' spacing, etc) must be adhered to
strictly.
3. For detailed description and syntax of console commands, you may
refer to Appendix A - Commonly Used Commands on this
Technical Manual.
3.2 Network Setup Overview
This section gives an overview of a typical network. The addresses indicated are
used as examples throughout the whole manual. You are to replace them with
values given by your ADSL Service Provider / System Administrator.

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3 — Configuring Your Router
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1. For configuration without NAT:
The range of the IP address used in this example is from
202.166.30.1 to202.166.30.6 as restricted by subnet mask defined.
Network ID : 202.166.30.0 Broadcast ID :202.166.30.7
The ADSL Service Provider will have to create a static route:
Network ID: 202.166.30.0 Subnet Mask :ff:ff:ff:f8
Next Hop Gateway : 202.166.29.154
2. For PPPoA and PPPoE:
The WAN IP and WAN Gateway will be dynamically assigned by the
PPP server. There is no need to specify the WAN IP nor to
configure a default route to the WAN Gateway.
Configuring the PCs:
For PC A:
(with NAT) (without NAT)
IP = 192.168.1.11 = 202.166.30.2
Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0 = 255.255.255.248
Gateway = 192.168.1.1 = 202.166.30.1
For PC B:
(with NAT) (without NAT)
IP = 192.168.1.12 = 202.166.30.3
Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0 = 255.255.255.248
Gateway = 192.168.1.1 = 202.166.30.1
For PC X:
(with NAT) (without NAT)
IP = 192.168.1.23 = 202.166.30.6
Subnet mask = 255.255.255.0 = 255.255.255.248
Gateway = 192.168.1.1 = 202.166.30.1

○○○○○ 3 — Configuring Your Router
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3.3 Configuring the Basics
Please carry out the following necessary steps to configure your router. Details of
each step can be found on the following pages.
Step 1: Resetting your Router's Configuration
Step 2: Configuring the LAN
Step 3: Configuring the WAN
Step 4: Configuring the Routing Table
Step 5: Enabling IP Forwarding
Step 6: Enabling NAT
Step 7: Saving the Configurations
With the basics configured, you may proceed also with the configurations on the
following sections.
3.4 Setting Up NAT Inbound Port Forwarding
3.5 Configuring DHCP Server
3.6 Configuring DNS Relay
3.7 Configuring SNMP
3.8 Setting Up Telnet Access
3.9 Configuring Autoloop for IP Interface
At the prompt for password, enter either 'stm' or 'password'
(without the quotes). These are factory default passwords.
(If you have changed the default password at the DSL Router
Commander - SNMP option, enter your new password.)