ZLG PCIe-9140I User manual

PCIe-9140I User Manual
User Manual
Date: 2015/08/08
V1.00
Guangzhou ZHIYUAN Electronics Co., Ltd.
www.zlg.cn
Item
Content
Keywords
PCI Express, CAN interface card
Abstract
PCIe-9140I is a PCI Express x1 4-channel CAN card and a
high performance CAN card with 4-channel CAN interface.
A PC/IPC accesses the CAN network through its PCI-E
port, implementing the data acquisition and processing
system in laboratory, industrial control, intelligent
community and other CAN network applications.
High performance CAN card for PCI-E interface
User
Manual
UM01508081

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©2017 Guangzhou ZHIYUAN Electronics
Date: 2017/10/09
User Manual
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Guangzhou ZHIYUAN Electronics Co., Ltd.
High performance CAN card for PCIe interface
PCIe-9140I User Manual
R
Re ev vi is si io on n H Hi is st to or ry y
Version
Date
Modifications
V1.00
2015/08/08
Created the document.

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©2017 Guangzhou ZHIYUAN Electronics
Date: 2017/10/09
User Manual
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High performance CAN card for PCIe interface
PCIe-9140I User Manual
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Co on nt te en nt ts s
Chapter 1: Function Introduction ...............................................................1
1.1 Overview................................................................................................................1
1.2 Features.................................................................................................................1
1.3 Product Appearance ............................................................................................2
Chapter 2: Device Hardware .......................................................................3
2.1 Specifications.......................................................................................................3
2.2 Interface Definition...............................................................................................3
2.3 Terminal Resistor .................................................................................................4
2.4 Hardware Installation...........................................................................................5
Chapter 3: Install Driver...............................................................................7
3.1 Install driver ..........................................................................................................7
3.2 Check whether the device is installed ...............................................................8
3.3 Uninstall driver .....................................................................................................9
Chapter 4: Inspection and Maintenance ..................................................11
Chapter 5: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) .....................................13
Chapter 6: Appendix A - CAN2.0B Protocol Frame Format....................17
Chapter 7: Appendix B - SJF1000 Standard Baud Rate..........................19
Chapter 8: Rights & Statements................................................................20

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Date: 2017/10/09
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High performance CAN card for PCIe interface
PCIe-9140I User Manual
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Ch ha ap pt te er r 1 1: : F Fu un nc ct ti io on n I In nt tr ro od du uc ct ti io on n
1.1 Overview
The PCIe-9140I device is a 4-channel PCIe-CAN communication interface card in
compliance with PCI Express r1.0a specification. It supports PCI Expressx1 interface,
and allows a PC to easily connect to the CAN-bus network, implementing real-time
multiple bus network monitoring with easy usage and convenient installation.
The PCIe-9140I device provides four stand-alone isolated CAN channels in
compliance with CAN2.0B specification (compatible with CAN2.0A). It supports high
transmission speed of 1Mbps and can be used in applications more conveniently and
flexibly. In order to improve system performance, the PCIe-9140I communication card
also uses CAN transceiver module with 3500V DC electrical isolation, which protects
a PC from ground loop current and improves the system reliability in the severe
environment.
The PCIe-9140I device provides a unified application programming interface and
complete application example code, including VC, VB, Delphi and labview routines,
facilitating users to develop application code. It also supports OPC interface, allowing
it to be used in the configuration software that supports OPC. In addition, we provide
universal CANTest testing software through which CAN messages are transmitted,
received and monitored, facilitating users to develop and debug.
1.2 Features
PC interface: PCI Express ×1 specification, compatible with x8 and x16 PCI
Express slots.
Power supply: powered by PCI-E interface (+12V, >300mA).
Electrical isolation: DC 3500V.
Operating temperature: -25℃~ + 85 ℃.
Physical dimensions: 103mm*120mm for main card; 53mm*120mm for vice card
(including metal baffle).
Number of CAN channels: 4-channel isolated CAN interface.
The CAN channel is provided with electromagnetic isolation and DC/DC power
isolation; and the isolation voltage is 3500VDC.
It supports both CAN2.0A and CAN2.0B protocols in compliance with
ISO/DIS11898-1/2 standards.
Installation method: standard computer/IPC case PCI-E interface.
EMC level of CAN interface: contact discharge ±6KV, group pulse ±2KV.
Maximum frame traffic: up to 14000 frames/ second for single channel (1M Baud
rate, standard remote frame).

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Programmable CAN Baud rate in the range of 5Kbps～1 Mbps.
CAN interface: DB-9 pin connector, configurable 120Ωterminal resistance, in
compliance with DeviceNet and CANopen standards.
1.3 Product Appearance
Figure 1-1: PCIe-9140I appearance

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Ch ha ap pt te er r 2 2: : D De ev vi ic ce e H Ha ar rd dw wa ar re e
2.1 Specifications
Table 2-1: Product Specifications
Items
Specifications
PCIe-9140I
Number of CAN channels
4
Operating voltage
Powered via PCI-E interface (+12V, 300mA)
Power consumption
≤5W
Isolation voltage
DC 3500V
Output terminal
DB-9 Pin connector
CAN baud rate
5Kbps~1Mbps (programmable)
Data reception capability
14000 frames/s per channel
Data transmission
capability
4000 frames/s per channel
Windows system drive
Supported
Linux system drive
Supported
VxWorks drive
-
Size (L*W)
PCB size: 95*90mm (main card); 40*90mm (vice card);
whole size:103mm*120mm (main card); 48mm*120mm
(vice card)
Operating temperature
-25℃~+85℃
Ambient humidity
10%~90% (no condensing)
Ambient requirement
Should stay away from corrosive gas
2.2 Interface Definition
The PCIe-9140I device connects to the actual CAN-bus network through DB-9 pin
connector. Table 2-2 lists the pin definition of DB-9 pin connector. The definition
conforms to the DeviceNet and CANopen standards.

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Table 2-2: DB-9 connector pin definition
Pin
Signal
Description
Port Schematic Diagram
1
NC
-
2
CAN_L
CAN_L signal wire
3
CAN_GND
Reference ground
4
NC
-
5
CAN_SHIELD
Shield wire
6
CAN_GND
Reference ground
7
CAN_H
CAN_H signal wire
8
NC
-
9
NC
-
The signals of DB-9 connector can be transferred to the 5-pin OPEN5 connector via the
optional DB9-OPEN5 converter.
Table 2-3: OPEN5 socket pin definition
Pin
Signal
Description
Port Schematic Diagram
1
V-
Negative electrode of network
power supply
2
CAN_L
CAN_L signal wire
3
CAN_SHIELD
Shield wire
4
CAN_H
CAN_H signal wire
5
V+
Positive electrode of network
power supply
2.3 Terminal Resistor
As Figure 2-1 shows, there are built-in 120terminal resistors in the CAN channels of
PCIe-9140I. The interface card selects whether the corresponding terminal resistors of
CAN0, CAN1, CAN2 and CAN3 are connected to the bus network by connecting or
disconnecting JP1A, JP1B, JP1C and JP1D. Set whether the CAN channel
uses/enables 120terminal resistor, as shown in Figure 2-2. By default, the jumper is
connected in the factory, i.e. the terminal resistor of 120is connected to the bus
network.
The CAN channel of PCIe-9140I locates at a CAN network endpoint. Please connect
the corresponding jumper of channel, or connect a 120terminal resistor between
CAN_H and CAN_L of CAN channel. The PCIe-9140I series device uses the
CTM8251E transceiver. If different transceiver is used by other nodes on the network,
the value of terminal resistor should be calculated again.

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Figure 2-1: Terminal resistor connection inside the communication card
Figure 2-2: Select terminal resistor
2.4 Hardware Installation
The PCIe-9140I interface card is an electrostatic-sensitive product, and it is placed in a
special protective bag in the factory. Please take the necessary protective measures to
protect the interface card from the static damage caused by human body touch when
users use the interface card.
The PCIe-9140I interface card should be installed when the PC/IPC is powered off;
similarly, it should be removed when the PC/IPC is powered off.
The PCIe-9140I has no any switcher and jumper used to assign interrupts and I/O
addresses, which are assigned by BIOS automatically. So, the board card must be
installed into the PCI-E slot before install driver. The installation steps are as follows:
1.Switch off the PC and open the PC case.
2.Plug the PCIe-9140I interface card into the idle PCI-E slot (x1, x4, x8 or x16 slot).
3.Tighten the screws for mounting board card.
4.Switch on the PC and the BIOS inside PC will assign interrupts and I/O addresses to
PCIe-9140I interface card automatically.
5.Install driver.

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Figure 2-3: PCIe-9140I series CAN interface card
Note ： Do not insert & extract the PCI-E interface card while the computer is power-on; do not touch the
device at the time of installation to avoid the damage to device due to static electricity.

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Ch ha ap pt te er r 3 3: : I In ns st ta al ll l D Dr ri iv ve er r
The following steps shows how to install the driver of PCIe-9140I in Windows XP.
Please ensure that the board card has been installed correctly into the PCI-E slot of
PC before installation.
3.1 Install driver
Windows XP can automatically detect new device and activate the “Found new
hardware wizard”program to install the device driver. If there is no prompt information
about finding new device, please check whether the device is installed correctly.
1. Choose the “Install from a list or specific location”option shown in Figure 3-1, and
click the “Next”button to continue.
Figure 3-1: Install from a list or specific location
2. Choose the “Include this location in the search”option, and then click the
“Browse”button, as shown in Figure 3-2. Specify the directory of the driver file
(provided in the product CD) in the pop-up folder browsing dialog box and click
"Next" to continue.

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Figure 3-2: Search files in the specified location
3. Waits for the installation wizard to install the driver.
Figure 3-3: In the progress of driver installation
4. The “Found new hardware wizard”is prompted that the device driver installation
has completed. Click the “Finish”button to complete the installation.
5. At this point, the system will prompt that the new hardware driver has been
installed and the hardware can be used.
Figure 3-4: Prompt information of “Found a new hardware”
3.2 Check whether the device is installed
Click “Start→Control Panel→System”to check whether the device is installed.
Choose the “Hardware”tab and then click the “Device Manager”button, the interface

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shown in Figure 3-5 appears.
Figure 3-5: Open device manager
If the device is installed successfully, the “PCIe-9140I PCIeCAN Communication
Card”will appears below the “ZLGCAN”device class in the “Device Manager”, as
shown in Figure 3-6.
Figure 3-6: Driver is displayed properly.
3.3 Uninstall driver
Click “Start →Control Panel →System”to uninstall device driver. Choose the
“Hardware”tab and then click the “Device Manager”button.

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Figure 3-7: System Properties
Move cursor to “ZLG CAN-> PCIe-9140I PCIeCAN Communication Card”and click
right mouse button, and then select the “uninstall”button on the pop-up menu.
Figure 3-8: Uninstall driver
Click the “OK”button in the “Confirm device deletion”dialog box, and the PCIe-9140I
driver will be uninstalled.And then the “Device Manager”refreshes and displayes that
this device has been deleted.

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Ch ha ap pt te er r 4 4: : I In ns sp pe ec ct ti io on n a an nd d M Ma ai in nt te en na an nc ce e
The main electrical components of the PCIe-9140I series interface cards are
semiconductor components. Although these components have a long life, their aging
may be accelerated in the incorrect environment. So, in order to ensure these
components meets the required conditions, users should inspect them periodically.
They are recommended to be inspected at least once every 6 months to a year.
Under adverse environmental conditions, more frequent inspections should be made
for them.
If you encounter problems during maintenance, please read the following table to find
possible causes of the problem, as shown in Table 4-1. If the problem can not be
solved yet, please contact ZHIYUAN Electronics.
Table 4-1: Inspection and maintenance
Items
Inspection
Standard
Operation
Power Supply
Check the voltage fluctuation at the power
supply terminal
+12V DC
Use a voltmeter to check the
power supply at the power
supply input. Take the
necessary measures to make
the voltage fluctuate within a
specified range.
Ambient
Environment
Check ambient temperature (including internal
temperature of the enclosed environment)
-40°C ~ +85°C
Use a thermometer to check
the temperature and ensure
the ambient temperature
within the allowable range.
Check ambient humidity (including internal
humidity of the enclosed environment)
The relative
humidity must be
within 10%~90%
without
air-conditioner.
Use a hygrometer to check
the humidity and ensure the
ambient humidity within the
allowable range.
Check the accumulation of dust, powder, salt,
and metal chips.
No accumulation
Clean and protect the device.
Check the water, oil or chemical sprays that
touch the device.
No spray touches
the device.
Clean and protect the device
if necessary.
Check the easy corrosion or flammable gases
around the device
No easy corrosion
or flammable gases
Smell or use a sensor to
check.
Check shock and impact level
Shock and impact
are within the
specified range.
Install a gasket or other
cushioning device if
necessary.

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Items
Inspection
Standard
Operation
Ambient
Environment
Check the noise source near the device.
No important noise
signal source.
Isolate the device and noise
source or protect the device.
Installation
and wiring
Check the connection of each unit and each unit
has been locked securely with the next unit.
No loose
Press the connector
completely together and lock
them with the slider.
Check that the cable connector is fully inserted
and locked.
No loose
Correct any incorrect
connector installation.
Check whether there is loose screw in the
external connection?
No loose
Tighten the screws with a
screwdriver.
Check the crimp connector in the external
connection.
There is enough
space between the
connectors.
Check by the naked eye and
adjust if necessary.
Check the damage of external cable
No damage
Check by the naked eye and
replace the cable if
necessary.

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Ch ha ap pt te er r 5 5: : F Fr re eq qu ue en nt tl ly y A As sk ke ed d Q Qu ue es st ti io on ns s
(
(F FA AQ Qs s) )
1. The ZLGCAN driver does not detect the PCIe-9140I communication card at the
time of installation.
A. The device is not installed. Please insert the device into the idle PCI-E slot.
B. The device is not inserted into the system PCI-E slot reliably. Please insert
the device into the PCI-E x1 slot again in this situation. There is another
possible reason is that the PCI-E slot itself has problem. At this point, try to
insert the device into another PCI-E slot until the system can detect the
device.
C. The motherboard has no available interrupt assigned to the device. In order
to ensure the PCI-E interrupt is available, please enter the BIOS to modify
configuration.
2. The board card and driver are installed correctly, however, the data can not been
sent.
A. Check whether the cable is connected correctly.
B. The cable or board card has problem. Please try other ports, cables or
another board card.
C. Check whether the terminal resistor is connected correctly.
D. If the self-transmitting/receiving mode is not used, please ensure there are
more than two nodes on the bus.
E. The API calling is not correct, please read the related API documents
carefully and refer to the example program.
3. How to deal with the situation that many system resources are taken up because
of multi-channel high-traffic transmission?
For non-intelligent communication card, the driver has many works to do, so
these cards are not recommended to use in the large amount of data
transmission of multiple channels at the same time. It is recommended that the
data traffic should not exceed 1000 frames per second when multiple channels
work simultaneously. The data traffic can be increased appropriately when the
computer performance is better. Since CAN baud rate itself is the major reason
for limiting frame traffic, the system resources will be greatly reduced in the case
of a lower baud rate. The CAN system design should ensure the bus occupancy

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rate does not exceed 60-70% within which the PCIe-9140I can meet the needs of
most applications.
4. How to set communication baud rate?
A group of common baud rate setting values is provided in Appendix B. If you
want to use other baud rates, please refer to SJF1000 datasheet to calculate.
Note, the CAN controller of PCIe-9140I uses 16MHz clock, and the user-defined
baud rate should be calculated according to this clock frequency.
5. Whether the reception operation is affected when the system enters standby or
sleep status?
Yes. At this point, all processing will stop and it may lead to hardware receive
buffer overflow error. If there is a program to open device, it will try to prevent the
system entering standby or sleep status, thus ensuring that the system works
properly. When using the PCIe-9140I communication card, the standby and sleep
status of system should be disabled.
6. How to deal with errors in an application?
There are two kinds of errors, including function calling error and CAN-bus
communication error.
The function calling errors are generally caused by wrong parameters, such as;
device number exceeds the specified range, wrong type number, etc. The error
number returned by Win32 GetLastError function is 87; and operate an unopened
device, which actually is an illegal handle operation. The corresponding Win32
standard error code is provided according to specific function calling. You can use
GetLastError to do error analysis, and these error correction jobs should be done
at the time of product design.
For CAN-bus communication error, it is generally caused by CAN network, or
may be caused by improper user settings, such as, inconsistent baud rate setting,
call transmitting function without starting CAN controller, etc. Most of the errors
have been handled simply in the device driver. If you want to perform further error
analysis and processing, please call the VCI_ReadCANStatus function.
In addition, you should pay attention to the data overflow interrupt error, the
reason for why the error generates may be: (1) software receive buffer overflows.
It means that the application program can not process the received data in time,
and users should optimize the application program or modify communication
strategy. (2) hardware receive buffer overflows. This error is caused by long PC
interrupt delay on the receiving side. It can only be solved by improving computer
performance or coordinating other node to appropriately reduce transmitting
speed.
7. What should be cared about when opening/closing device?
The PCIe-9140I device provides four CAN ports. The VCI_OpenDevice and

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VCI_CloseDevice function only need to be called once when the application is
initialized and exited.
In order to disable the current CAN port when closing device, the VCI_ResetCAN
function should be called to make the current CAN port away from CAN-bus. The
device driver automatically call VCI_ReseCAN to exit CAN bus only if the last
device handler is closed.
8. How to utilize an interrupt to operate the communication card?
The PCIe-9140I card does not provide an interface for direct interrupt operation,
because the interrupt has been processed in the driver. The most of the reasons
for that an interrupt needs to be handled in the application are: the application
does not know when the data will arrive, and it can read the data from buffer only
if the message reception operation is triggered. The general method to solve this
problem is to use multiple threads (or multiple tasks), i.e., start a new thread and
the VCI_Receive function is looped in the thread to query the receive buffer. The
blocking mechanism has been implemented inside the VCI_Receive, and the
thread calling will be suspended when there is no data in the buffer. At this point,
it does not take up the CPU time and the application can still handle other
transactions.
9. How to use the VCI_Transmit transmitting function better?
The PCIe-9140I device driver provides 16 frames of software transmit buffer
FIFO. 16-frame data are transmitted at most each time the VCI_Transmit is called.
The transmitting speed of device is decided by current computer software and
hardware performance. The continuous transmitting speed is generally between
2000 frames/s and 4000 frames/s (11Bytes and 1Mbps for standard data frame).
If the transmitting speed is too fast, the data of remote receiving device is
possible to overflow so that the response is lost. Users can increase delay time
appropriately in the application to reduce the transmitting speed.
Each frame has a timeout limit during transmission. The timeout for single frame
transmission is about 2 seconds. If multiple frames are transmitted at a time, the
timeout for last frame transmission is 2 seconds, and the timeout for other frames
is 1 second. The transmission timeout generally occurs when the CAN-bus is
busy and the priority of current node is low. It is not a function calling or
communication error, and users can write codes to achieve data re-transmission
(the timeout event seldom occurs in the middle-speed and low-speed network).
So, it should ensure that the occupancy ratio of CAN bus should not exceed the
60-70% of bus capacity.
10. How to use the VCI_Receive function better?
The device driver provides 100000 frames of software receive buffer, which
provides sufficient response handling time for application programmers. When
the software receive buffer overflows, the device driver will call VCI_ResetCAN to

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reset CAN bus and set the data overflow interrupt flag bit of CAN status at the
same time. Note, both software buffer overflow and CAN controller hardware
buffer overflow use this flag bit.
The receive function provides the Wait parameter for multi-thread programming.A
blocking function is encapsulated inside the function, and the meaning of its Wait
parameter is same as the dwMilliseconds parameter of Win32
WaitForSingleObject (please refer to the related Win32API description). The Wait
parameter specifies a timeout return time for VCI_Receive, and its unit is
millisecond.
If Wait is 0, the number of current read frames is returned immediately when the
function is called; 0 is returned if the receive buffer is empty. If Wait is not 0, the
number of current read frames is returned immediately if there is data in the
receive buffer when the function is called; if the receive buffer is empty at this
point, the number of received frames is not returned until the specified timeout
expires or any data is received. If Wait is 0xFFFFFFFF (infinite wait), the function
always waits until any data is received. It is recommended that the value of Wait
should not be set too great, and you should consider carefully when the infinite
wait is set.
When nFrames is 0, the function returns notification message, and it does not
need to read receive buffer. This is a special skilled usage of this function. Note, if
the VCI_Receive function is called in the main thread and the Wait parameter is
not 0, it may cause the applications to lose response temporarily. If the reception
is performed through query mode, the Wait parameter should be set to 0.

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Ch ha ap pt te er r 6 6: : A Ap pp pe en nd di ix x A A - - C CA AN N2 2. .0 0B B P Pr ro ot to oc co ol l
F
Fr ra am me e F Fo or rm ma at t
CAN2.0B Standard Frame
The CAN standard frame contains 11 bytes, which is consisted of information and
data. First 3 bytes are information.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Byte 1
FF
RTR
X
X
DLC (data length)
Byte 2
(Message identifier) ID.10 –ID.3
Byte 3
ID.2 –ID.0
X
X
X
X
X
Byte 4
Data 1
Byte 5
Data 2
Byte 6
Data 3
Byte 7
Data 4
Byte 8
Data 5
Byte 9
Data 6
Byte 10
Data 7
Byte 11
Data 8
Byte 1 is the frame information. Bit 7 (FF) indicates the frame format and it is 0 for
standard frame. Bit 6 (RTR) indicates the frame type, and it is 0 for data frame, 1 for
remote frame. DLC indicates the actual data length of data frame.
Byte 2 and 3 are message identifier. The higher 11 bits are significant bits.
Byte 4~11 are the actual data of data frame. They are invalid when it is a remote
frame.
CAN2.0B Extended Frame
The CAN extended frame contains 13 bytes, which is consisted of information and
data. First 5 bytes are information.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Byte 1
FF
RTR
X
X
DLC (data length)
Byte 2
(Message identifier) ID.28 –ID.21
Byte 3
ID.20 –ID.13
Byte 4
ID.12 –ID.5
Byte 5
ID.4 –ID.0
X
X
X
Byte 6
Data 1
Byte 7
Data 2
Byte 8
Data 3
Byte 9
Data 4
Byte 10
Data 5