4Links EtherSpaceLink Series User manual

Di gnostic Sp ceWireInterf ce
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EtherSp ceLink f milyUser M nu l
Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface
DSI-RG408 to Version 2.1
Manual Version 4
The 4Links Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface(DSI)is a rack-mountedtransparent interface
thatallows SpaceWirepacketstobe sent and received over Ethernet viaaTCP/IPsocket
connection. Itprovides remote access to aSpaceWirenetwork for softwaresimulation of
devices,remote monitoring anddistributedsystem integration activities.Inaddition,it
provides forthedetailed analysis ofSpaceWirecomponents,includingrouting switches.
Each packet received may be time-taggedto a resolutionbetterthan2ns.Thereis nolimit
to the lengthofthe SpaceWirepacketsthatcanbetransferred.Abnormaldata(“errors”)
may be injected andmonitored.The low-level SpaceWire link start-up andoperating
behaviourmay be modified for diagnostic purposes.Concurrent outputson severallinks
may be synchronized.Waveformcapturesofthe SpaceWire link signalsmay be triggered
by a verywideset ofevents.
TheEthernet portprovides a galvanically isolated connection with a cable lengthofupto
100 m. Attachingthis to theInternet allows world-scale connections.
Ethernet and TCP/IPprovidea standard interface mechanism thatissupportedby all
majoroperating systems, so no additionalsoftwaredrivers arerequired.
Thebasic DSI-RG408unitprovidesdatatransfersandmay be extendedwithoptionsto
providefortime codes,event reporting, waveformcaptureandtime-tags.Most options
canbeaddedasasimple fieldupgradeby replacingtheremovable memory cardonthe
front panelofthe unit.
Thisequipment isavailable withtwo, fouroreightactive portswhich may be mountedon
thefront panel (see thepictureabove) orontherear panel.
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Equipment Covered by this Manual
Model EtherSpaceLink family:
Diagnostic SpaceWire
Interface(DSI)- all RG models
Rack mountedEthernet to SpaceWireinterface.
Fast(100 Mb/s) orGbit(1000 Mb/s)Ethernet connection.
SpaceWire linkspeeds upto 400 Mb/s.
Two,Fouror Eight SpaceWireports
OptionsTT Time-Tags
EREvent / ErrorReporting
EIEvent / ErrorInjection
EW Event / Error Waveforms
SOSynchronizedoutputs
CO Controlledoutputs
ODOutput Disable
OE Output Enable
Revision history - DSI-RG408Manual
Version 4September2013
RMAPeel
Substantialadditions,includingincorporation oftheC-
languageprogramming APIdetails,new CO, OE andOD
options, anduse ofnewtext processingtools.
Version 3 20April2010
BM Cook
Added: RG8Rplatform,Platformdata, Usage
information.
Version 2 19 June 2007
BM Cook/CP H Walker
Added: Multi-unitsynchronisation,Delta Time-Tags,
Packet Generator/Checker.
Version 1 3 November2006
BM Cook/CP H Walker
Initial version.
SVN revision 229of2013/09/17
Variant a4:RG408
Legal noticeanddisclaimer:Copyright©2012-2013 4LinksLimited, all rightsreserved.Thename 4Linksandtheaccompanyingdeviceareregisteredasa
Trademark intheEuropeanUnion andintheUnitedStatesof America.Theinformation suppliedinthisdocument isbelievedto be accurate atthedate of issue.
4Linksreservestherighttochangespecificationsorto discontinue productswithoutnotice. 4Linksassumesnoliability arisingout oftheapplication oruse of
any information or product,nordoesitconvey anylicence underitspatent rightsortherightsofothers. Productsfrom 4LinksLimitedarenot designed,
intended, authorisedor warrantedto be suitable forusein life-supportdevicesorsystems.
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Table of Contents
CoverPage............................. 1
Equipment Coveredbythis Manual..................... 2
Revision history - DSI-RG408Manual.................... 2
1. GeneralSafety Summary....................... 7
1.1.Terms inthis Manual....................... 7
1.2. Symbolsonthe Product. ...................... 7
2.Description ofOperation ....................... 8
2.1.General............................ 8
2.2.GettingStarted......................... 9
2.3. Standard DiagnosticSpaceWireInterfaceCapabilities............. 10
2.4. DSIOptions.......................... 10
2.4.1.ER- Event / Error Reporting.................... 10
2.4.2.EW - Event / ErrorWaveforms................... 10
2.4.3.EI- Event / Error Injection.................... 10
2.4.4.TT -Time-tags ........................ 11
2.4.5. SO - SynchronizedOutputs.................... 11
2.4.6.CO -ControlledOutputs..................... 11
2.4.7.ODandOE - Output Disable andOutput Enable............. 12
2.5. Front-Panel Display ........................ 12
2.5.1.Ethernet information...................... 12
2.5.2. SpaceWireinformation..................... 12
2.6.Communication Protocols...................... 13
2.7. ProgrammingAPI........................ 13
3.Specification ........................... 14
3.1. SpaceWire Links......................... 14
3.1.1. SpaceWireReceive Performance.................. 14
3.1.2. SpaceWireTransmit Performance. ................. 14
3.1.3. SpaceWireConnectors ..................... 14
3.1.4. SpaceWireTime Codes..................... 15
3.2.TheEthernet Connection. ..................... 15
3.2.1.ICMPEcho (ping)Support.................... 15
3.2.2.Full-Duplex Ethernet ...................... 15
3.3. SMA Synchronization Connectors ................... 15
3.4. DiscoveringaUnit’s SerialNumberandInstalledProductOptions........ 16
3.4.1.TheUnit SerialNumberand its relationto theEthernet MAC address ...... 16
3.4.2.InstalledProductOptions..................... 16
3.5. TheRG408Hardware Platform.................... 17
3.5.1. Dimensions......................... 17
3.5.2.EnvironmentalRequirements................... 17
3.5.2.1.Ventilation Requirements................... 17
3.5.3. PowerSupply........................ 18
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3.5.3.1. SupplyVoltage. ...................... 18
3.5.3.2. PowerConsumption. .................... 18
3.5.3.3. PowerConnector...................... 18
3.5.3.4.GroundingforElectrical Safety................. 19
3.5.3.5. Fuse Protection. ...................... 19
3.5.4. HandlingandTransportation................... 19
3.5.5. RG PlatformFirmware. ..................... 20
4. Block Diagram.......................... 21
5. Front Panel Display........................ 22
5.1.Initial (power-up)display ...................... 22
5.2.Normal (status)display ....................... 22
6. Front Panel Interactions ....................... 24
6.1.IPaddress ........................... 27
6.2.Time Synchronisation....................... 27
6.3. HealthDisplay ......................... 27
7. DSI Option Details ......................... 28
8. Option ER - Event / ErrorReporting.................. 28
9. Option TT -Time Tags....................... 29
10. Option EI- Event / Error Injection ................... 30
11. Option EW- Event / Error Waveforms ................. 31
12. Option SO - SynchronizedOutputs ................... 36
13. Option CO -ControlledOutputs .................... 39
14. Options ODandOE - Output Disable andOutput Enable ........... 40
15. Unit-to-Unit Time-Tag Synchronisation ................. 41
15.1. Settingthe Synchronisation Source.................. 42
16.Software............................ 44
16.1.FilesSuppliedwiththe DSI..................... 44
16.2.Controllingthe DSIusingtheSpWIO Program.............. 45
16.3.TheRMAPpluginfortheSpWIO Program................ 45
16.4.C-languageApplication Programming Interface.............. 45
16.5. WaveformHandling....................... 45
17. C-languageApplication Programming Interface .............. 47
17.1.EtherSpaceLinkFamily ArchitectureandProgrammingModel ......... 47
17.1.1. PrinciplesofOperation. .................... 47
17.1.2.Terminology........................ 48
17.1.3. Protocol Hierarchy ...................... 48
17.1.4.TheEthernet ConnectiontoanEtherSpaceLinkUnit........... 49
17.1.5. TheEtherSpaceLinkProtocol ................... 49
17.1.6. SpaceWireTransmissions.................... 50
17.2. SpaceWire Link Modeterms..................... 50
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17.3.CompilingProgramsthat usetheEtherSpaceLink API............ 50
17.4.GettingStarted- aninitial example APIprogram.............. 51
17.5. AdvancedProgrammingConcepts................... 53
17.5.1.TransmittingSpaceWire Data,Extension SequencesandSpecialPackets..... 53
17.5.2.ReceivingSpaceWire Data,Extension Characters andSpecialPackets...... 53
17.5.3.AsynchronousIssuesduringStatusPolling.............. 54
17.5.4.UsingMultiple Threads Safely................... 55
17.5.5. MaximisingtheThroughput of APIPrograms............. 55
17.5.6.AnAdvancedAPIExample. ................... 56
17.6.TheAPI Functions........................ 62
17.6.1.EtherSpaceLink_open() .................. 63
17.6.2.EtherSpaceLink_close() .................. 65
17.6.3.EtherSpaceLink_set_log_file() .............. 66
17.6.4.EtherSpaceLink_set_id() ................. 67
17.6.5. EtherSpaceLink_set_mode() ................ 68
17.6.6.EtherSpaceLink_write_packet() .............. 71
17.6.7.EtherSpaceLink_write_EXTN() ............... 73
17.6.8.EtherSpaceLink_write_buffer_empty() ............ 76
17.6.9. EtherSpaceLink_flush() .................. 77
17.6.10. EtherSpaceLink_set_receive_timeout() ........... 78
17.6.11.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet() ............... 79
17.6.12.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_callback() .......... 81
17.6.13.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_special_callback() ...... 82
17.6.14.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_extension_callback() ..... 84
17.6.15. EtherSpaceLink_callback_packet_type() .......... 86
17.6.16.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_full() ............ 87
17.6.17.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_full_nowait() ......... 92
17.6.18.EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_status() ........... 95
17.6.19. EtherSpaceLink_read_packet_wait_for_completion() ..... 96
17.6.20. EtherSpaceLink_set_speed() ................ 97
17.6.21.EtherSpaceLink_set_speed_double() ............ 98
17.6.22.EtherSpaceLink_link_connected() ............. 99
17.6.23.EtherSpaceLink_get_number_of_links() ...........100
17.6.24.EtherSpaceLink_set_active_link() .............101
17.6.25. EtherSpaceLink_get_manufacturer_string() .........102
17.6.26.EtherSpaceLink_get_product_string() ...........103
17.6.27.EtherSpaceLink_get_HWA() .................104
17.6.28.EtherSpaceLink_HWA_to_serial_number_string() .......105
17.6.29. EtherSpaceLink_extract_timetag() .............106
17.6.30. EtherSpaceLink_ER_enable_reporting() ...........107
17.6.31.EtherSpaceLink_EW_enable_reporting() ...........109
17.6.32.EtherSpaceLink_EW_source() ................112
17.6.33.EtherSpaceLink_TT_enable_reporting() ...........114
17.6.34.EtherSpaceLink_EI_ignore_events() ............116
17.6.35. EtherSpaceLink_EI_flow_control() .............118
18. TroubleshootingGuide.......................120
19. The SpaceWireState Machine ....................123
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19.1.TheEtherSpaceLinkdisplay ofthe SpaceWirestate machine ..........123
19.2.TheEtherSpaceLink APIviewofthe SpaceWirestate machine .........123
20.Statement of Volatility .......................124
20.1.Removingall information from aUnit.................124
20.2. Security Notice. ........................124
21. Product Limitations andFeatures ...................124
21.1.Ethernet ...........................124
21.2. SpaceWire. ..........................124
22. RegulatoryInformation ......................125
22.1.ElectromagneticCompatibility....................125
22.2. Product Safety.........................125
22.3.Equipment Recycling.......................125
22.4.Restriction ofHazardousSubstances..................125
23. RG408 Product Drawings......................126
23.1. Plan views...........................126
23.2.Front views..........................128
23.3.Rearviews..........................129
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1. GeneralSafety Summary
Reviewthefollowingsafetyprecautionsto avoidinjury andprevent damageto thisproduct orto any
productsconnectedto it.
Toavoidpotentialhazards,usethisproduct only asspecified.
There arenouser-serviceable parts insidethis equipment.
Do not remove covers.
Do not operate with suspectedfailures. If you suspectthatthereisdamageto thisproduct,
referto 4Linksfor advice.
Do not operate in wet or damp conditions.
Do not operate in anexplosiveatmosphere.
Keepproduct surfaces cleananddry.
Provide proper ventilation. Theair inlet andoutlet ontherear panel mustnotbe obstructed.
1.1. Terms inthis Manual
CAUTION:
Caution statementsidentify conditionsor practicesthatcouldresult indamageto this
product ortoother property.
1.2.Symbols onthe Product
Thefollowingsymbol may appear ontheproduct:
CAUTION:
Referto thisusermanualforsafety information.
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2.Description ofOperation
Thissection describesthe mainfeaturesofthe Diagnostic SpaceWireInterface.
The Diagnostic SpaceWireInterface(DSI)isa high-performanceEthernet-to-SpaceWire Bridgethat
canrelay traffic from asingle TCP/IPEthernet connectiontoupto eightconcurrently-operating
bidirectional SpaceWireports.
The DSImay be purchasedwithfirmwarethatsupportsfewerthantheeight SpaceWireconnectorson
theRG408hardwareplatform. Inthiscase,onlythe lowest-numberedSpaceWireconnectorsare
usable -e.g.ports1and2for2-portfirmwareandports1-4 for 4-portfirmware. Theremaining ports
aredisabled.Firmware upgradesto enable further portsareavailable from 4LinksLimited.
2.1. General
The DSIisconnectedto anEthernet network andpassivelywaitsfor a connection from a host
computer.Itisidentifiedby anIPaddress thatisusedbythehostcomputerto makethisconnection.
Theconnection ismade using a TCPsocket, which isflow-controlledandiscapable of recovering from
errorsthat might occuronthenetwork between the user andtheEtherSpaceLinkunit.
Upon makingtheconnection,the DSIisset to a knownstate withthe SpaceWire linksdisabled,the
linkspeedset to 10Mb/sandall the optionsreset. The user programmustenablethe SpaceWire links
beforedata canbesent orreceived.Onceenabled,data istransferred,transparently, from the
SpaceWire linkto theapplication program onthehost, andalsofrom theprogram to the SpaceWire
link.
Thereisnolimitation onthesize of packet transfersineach direction -noteven asa result offinite
buffersizes.The user hascomplete control overthe SpaceWirepacket content andstructure; a packet
may be sent orreceivedinsegments.
Thehostprogramcanalsocontrol thetransmission speedofthe SpaceWire links.Thetransmitspeed
canbechangedatanytime,includinginthe middle of a packet. Speedchangesaretransparent anddo
not require linkdisconnection. Inaccordancewiththestandard,the SpaceWire linksalwaysstartat
10Mb/sandthen, when the link(s)areestablished,theymay be changedto the user-selectedspeed.All
ofthe linksonthe DSIrun atthesame user-selectedspeed,exceptfor anythatareselectedto remain
attheinitial10Mb/srate.
Disconnection ofthe user’sprogramfrom the DSIresultsinthe SpaceWire linksbeingdisabledandall
ofthe DSIoptionsbeingreset.
The DSIcanthereforebeseen asatransparent interface- when the user programactivatesthe
SpaceWire links,they canconnectto thetarget SpaceWirenetwork, andwhen the user programis
stopped,the SpaceWire linksdisconnect.
The Diagnostic SpaceWireInterface may be operatedinthree ways:
By itsoperator from their computer keyboard,using a suppliedprogram to generate andmonitor
SpaceWiretraffic manually;
Through the use of pre-designedcommandscriptsthatrun standardsetsoftestsandanalysethe
resultsautomatically;
Using customer-createdsoftwarethatinteractswiththeir SpaceWirenetwork through the
EtherSpaceLink Application Programminginterface(API) under programcontrol.
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2.2. Getting Started
AsanEthernet-to-SpaceWirebridge,theprimarypurpose ofthe Diagnostic SpaceWireInterfaceisto
relay traffic from a hostcomputertoone ormore SpaceWireports, andvice-versa.Thiscaneasilybe
demonstratedby connecting port1ofthe DSIback to itselfusingthesuppliedloop-back connector:
PC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Ports:
DSI
Loop−back connector Ethernet
Fig re 2.1: Connecting theDSI in loop-back mode
UsingtheSpWIO program, a SpaceWirepacket may be sent from thehostcomputerto the DSI’s
SpaceWireport1, from whereitflowsthrough the loop-back cable andback to port1.From there,it
will be returnedto thehostcomputer, displayedandrecorded.
java -jar SpWIO.jar /u 192.168.3.42
//-4Links.SpWIO (v24:20111201/v33:20110920) on Fri Sep 14 14:48:04 BST 2012
//-/u 192.168.3.42
//-Attached 192.168.3.42 is DSI-RG40x/8 v1.9 [EI,EW,ER,TT,SO], 8-ports,
//- link mode is normal at 10.0Mb/s
//-Log file is "SpWIO_20120914_144809.log"
//-Input from "(console)"
@1 2 4 6 8 eop
Tx:@1 #02 #04 #06 #08 EOP
Rx:@1 #02 #04 #06 #08 EOP
Herewecansee thata4-byte EOP-terminatedpacket wastransmittedto port1ofthe DSI, anda4-byte
packet wasthen receivedfrom port1.
Furtherexamplesinthismanualwill illustrate some oftheadvancederror-injection,error-reporting
andsynchronisation featuresofthe Diagnostic SpaceWireInterface.
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2.3.Standard Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface Capabilities
All DSIunitsincludethefollowing capabilities:
Bridgingofbidirectionalstreamsof charactersfrom Ethernet to SpaceWire;
Theabilityto support upto eightconcurrently-active SpaceWireports,dependingonthe
configuration purchased;
Thetransmitspeedofthe linkscanbeset at upto 400 Mb/sinstepsof1Mb/sorless;
Thereceive speedofthe linksisinexcess of 400 Mb/s;
Softwareisprovidedforthe manualandscriptedgeneration ofSpaceWiretraffic, together with a
C-languageprogramming APIfor automatedtesting.
2.4. DSI Options
ADiagnostic SpaceWireInterfacecanbesuppliedwithfirmwarethatprovidesadditionaloptional
features. Detailedinformation aboutthese optionscanbefoundinsection 7,“DSIOption Details”.
2.4.1. ER - Event / Error Reporting
Tokensdefinedaserrors,thatwouldnormallybe hidden (typically resultinginalink reset) and
replacedby(at most) anEEPcharacter, canbe made visibleto the user.Correct,butnormally hidden
tokens(such asflow-control tokens)canalso be transferredto the user.
2.4.2. EW- Event / Error Waveforms
Each SpaceWireporthasanassociatedwaveformstorethatcapturestransmitandreceive wiresignals
forthatport. Waveformcapturescanbetriggeredon a wide varietyofeventsonthatand/orother
ports.Itispossible, forexample,to capturewiresignalsfor all portsafter a triggersignalon one port.
Triggersincludeall error conditions,receiveddata, liftingofthesynchronisedoutputsbarrier, signals
ontheexternal SMA connectors, anduser-insertedflagsinthetransmitdatastream.
2.4.3. EI- Event / Error Injection
SpaceWiretokensthatarenotnormally generated,becausethey aredefinedaserrors, canbeexplicitly
insertedinto thedatastream:
Parityerrorbetween tokens
ESC-EOP-escapeend-of-packet
ESC-EEP-escapeerror-end-of-packet
ESC-ESC-escapeescape
Idle periods - when D andSremainconstant. Anextendedidle period(greaterthanthe
SpaceWiredisconnecttimeout, which isnominally850 ns)shouldtrigger a SpaceWiretimeout
response.
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Theseerrorinjection functionsallowthe userto determine thebehaviourofSpaceWirecomponents
under controllederror conditions.
TheEIoption alsoallowstheflow-control behaviourofthe SpaceWirestate-machine to be alteredto
provokebehaviour anderrorsrelatingto flow-control. Forinstance, flow-control tokensmay be
withheld,either partiallyor completely, to exploreadevice’shandlingoflow flow-control credit.
Alternatively, too many flow-control tokenscanbeissued, which shouldeventually result ina
SpaceWireerror condition.
2.4.4. TT -Time-tags
Selectedeventscanbetime-taggedwith a resolution ofbetterthan2ns.All ofthe DSI’sportsusethe
sametime reference,so thatrelativetime-tagsbetween portsareconsistent.
Withoption SO, SynchronizedOutputs,itisalsopossibletoaccuratelymeasureround-trip timesfor
data.
Multiple EtherSpaceLinkunitscanbe linkedso thattheir time-tagsaresynchronizedto allow
comparisonsoftime-tagsgeneratedon multiple units.
DSIVersion 1.0 introducedoptionaldeltatime-tags.When enabled,time-tagsoccurringshortly after
anothertime-tag (onthesame link)arereportedasdeltatimes. Longintervals(>∼6.5us)result inthe
usualabsolute time-tag. Deltatime-tagsarecodedusing2-bytesinsteadofthe usual8-bytesandthus
considerably reducetraffic when time-tagsare usedwithhigh speeddata.
2.4.5. SO-SynchronizedOutputs
In orderto testfunctionssuch asthearbitration ina routingswitch,itisnecessary to present inputsto
thedevice-under-testthataresynchronizedwitheach other.The SynchronizedOutputsoption allows
outputsfrom all or anysub-set oftheportsto be synchronizedat userspecifiedpointsintheir data
streams.Forexample,multiple packetsmay be scheduledto starttheir transmission atthesametime,
orone packet may be startedatthesametime asanother finishes.
From asingle DSI,output synchronization isto within2ns.
Multiple unitscanbe linkedso thattheir outputsaresynchronizedbetween unitsaswell aswithin.
2.4.6. CO -ControlledOutputs
Itispossibletosynchronisethetransmission of any characterinthetransmitstream to anexternal
clock transitionbyusingtheCO option.
Low-to-high transitionson a rear-mountedSMA connector permitthetransmission oftraffic beyond
each HOLD characterthatisinsertedinthetransmitdatastream.
Each port onthe DSIhasatransmitbufferof approximately32 kbytes, which storesdata characters,
EOP tokensandHOLD markers.
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2.4.7. ODandOE - Output Disable andOutput Enable
When testingdelicate orvaluable SpaceWirehardware,some usersmightpreferto disable all ofthe
SpaceWiresignalsfrom the DSIwhen their testsystem detectsanabnormalcondition.
The DSI’sOutput Disable option(OD) responds to a high-level input signalon SMA connector pair
J3-J4, andtri-statesthe SpaceWireports.When J3-J4 isnot driven,the DSIbehavesasitnormally
would.
Conversely, the DSI’sOutput Enable option(OE) onlyenablesitsSpaceWire outputswhen a high-level
input signalispresent on SMA connector pair J3-J4, makingitfail-safe. Thedrawback to thisoption is
thatthe DSIwill appearinert unless J3-J4 isdriven high, which isanon-standardbehaviour.
TheODandOE optionsindicate “-3S-”onthe DSIunit’sfront-panel when itsSpaceWire outputsare
tri-stated.
2.5. Front-Panel Display
Thefront panel display continuouslymonitorsanddisplaysthestatesoftheEthernet andSpaceWire
links.Thetopline ofthedisplay showstheproductnumber, thecurrent IPaddress ofthe
EtherSpaceLinkunit, andthename “4Links”ontheright.
Fig re 2.2: TheDSIdisplay
2.5.1. Ethernet information
Information abouttheremote Ethernet connection isshown onthe uppersection ofthedisplay.The
statusoftheEthernet connection isprovided,together with indicationsof when Ethernet transmitand
receive activityoccur.
2.5.2.SpaceWire information
Information aboutthe SpaceWire linksisshown onthe lowersection ofthedisplay.Thespeedof
transmission andreception oneach link isshown, andany receive ortransmitactivity isindicated.
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2.6. Communication Protocols
4LinksEtherSpaceLinkunitsprovideaccess to aSpaceWirenetwork from computerson a conventional
TCP/IPEthernet network.TCP/IPisusedover Ethernet to provideanerror checkedguaranteed
delivery system,even through noise ortheinterveningnetwork failing andbeingrestored(for
example, a cablebeingremovedandreconnected).
In many circumstances,theEtherSpaceLinkunitswill be controlledusing 4Links-suppliedsoftware,
such asSpWIO.At othertimes,theEtherSpaceLinkunitsmay be driven byuser-written programsthat
usetheApplication ProgrammingInterface(API)provided.Access via theNative Interfaceisalso
possible. Communication over Ethernet usesa TCP/IPsocket connection andtheEtherSpaceLink
library routinesthen convertthetraffic to SpaceWire.
Thismay be seen asa hierarchy of protocols:
TCP/IP over Ethernet
calls
Native Interface
Link
SpaceWireAPI function
Application
Program
(on host computer)
Programming API
(on host computer) ESL Family unit SpaceWire
endpoint or
device−under−test
Fig re 2.3: Connection ofaSpaceWire devicetoa comp ter sing anEtherSpaceLinknit.
Intheevent of anEtherSpaceLinkunitbeing powereddown,thecomputer will continueto expectthe
connectionto be restored,buttheEtherSpaceLinkunitwill have lostconnection information andthe
computer application programwill haveto be restarted.
Similarly, a failure ofthecomputer will leavetheEtherSpaceLinkunitwaiting for a connection
restorationthatisnot possible, andinthiscasetheEtherSpaceLinkunit mustbereset,by cycling
powerorby removing andre-insertingtheremovable memory cardon itsfront panel.
2.7. Programming API
User programscommunicate withtheTCPsocket viaanApplication ProgrammingInterface(API),
providedintheC programminglanguage.
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3.Specification
3.1. SpaceWire Links
The DSI’sSpaceWire linksconform to ECSS-E-ST-50-12C(31st July2008).
3.1.1. SpaceWire Receive Performance
Receive speeds may be intherangefrom 1.2Mb/sto morethan400 Mb/s(the lowerlimitisset bythe
SpaceWiredisconnecttimeout,nominallyof850 ns). Theedgeseparation onthe SpaceWiresignal
linesmustbegreaterthan1.4ns.
3.1.2.SpaceWire Transmit Performance
Thetransmitspeeds of all ofthe linkson aDSIunitarethesame,exceptforthosewhich are
individuallyset to EtherSpaceLink_LINK_mode_fixed_speed, which isthe SpaceWire
standardlinkstart-upspeedof10Mb/s.
A widerange ofuser-selectedtransmitspeeds isavailable from 1Mb/supto 400 Mb/s, with an
increment of1Mb/sorless dependent onthespeedrange, asshowninthefollowingtable.
Lower-speed(Mb/s)(increment (Mb/s)) Higher-speed(Mb/s)
40.0 (1.0) 400.0
4.0 (0.1)39.9
1.00 (0.01)3.99
3.1.3.SpaceWire Connectors
Eightstandard9-way Micro-miniature D-type SpaceWiresocket connectorsare mountedeitheronthe
front panel (on RG hardwareplatforms) orontherear panel (on RG-Rplatforms).
Theconnectorsare labelled1to 8, from lefttoright, correspondingto softwareandAPIports1to 8
respectively.
Thepinout ofthe SpaceWiresocket connectors(looking from the outside oftheEtherSpaceLinkunit)
isshowninfigure3.1:
5
4
3
2
1Din+
Sin+
Inner shield
Sout−
Dout− 9
8
7
6 Din−
Sin−
Sout+
Dout+
Fig re 3.1: SpaceWire connector pino t
Thefemale “Din” and“Sin” contactsprovideinputsto the DSI;thefemale “Dout” and“Sout” contacts
carry output signalsfrom the DSI.
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All eight ofthesesignalsarebufferedwithinthe DSIusingLVDS buffersforeach ofthedifferential
signalpairs.Withinthe DSI, all signalgrounds arebondedto thechassisofthe unit. Noticethatthe
groundpotentialdifferencebetween each device-under-test mustbeheldwithineach receiver’sinput
common-mode voltagerange.
3.1.4. SpaceWire Time Codes
SpaceWiredefinesamechanismfortransferring a global time referenceacross anetwork.The DSIcan
display time-codesthatarereceivedfrom thenetwork.Itcangenerate time-codesfrom thehost
computer.Itisnotequippedwith a hardwaretime-codegenerator; onlythe4LinksESL
(EtherSpaceLink)andATI(Absolute Time Interface) have one ofthese.
3.2. The Ethernet Connection
AnRJ45socket, housedinan SFP module situatedonthefront panel,supports1000 Mb/s(1000BaseT)
or100 Mb/s(100BaseT)full-duplex Ethernet connectionsovertwisted-pair cable. Theinterfacehasan
auto-crossover function, allowingdirectconnection oftheEtherSpaceLinkunittoa computerorto an
Ethernet hub orswitch, usingeither a standardor a crossover cable.
3.2.1. ICMP Echo (ping)Support
The DSIwill respondto anICMP echorequest- asprovidedon manyoperatingsystemsvia theping
command.Thiscanprovideasimpletesttocheck thatthe unitisaccessible onthenetwork.
3.2.2. Full-DuplexEthernet
Only full-duplex Ethernet connectionsaresupported.
3.3.SMA Synchronization Connectors
Synchronization(toother 4Linksunitsorto externaldevices)isachievedusingSMA connectors,on
unitswiththe “-S” model numbersuffixwherethey arefitted.
Therear panelof a suitably-equippedDSIcontainseight SMA connectors,labelledJ1to J8from leftto
rightwhen looking attherear panel, correspondingto softwareandAPIsynchronization connections
J1-J8respectively.
Theseconnectorsare usedasfour pairs,J1-J2,J3-J4, J5-J6andJ7-J8.Connector pairsJ1-J2,J3-J6orJ7-J8
may notbepresent on all platforms.Referto thefunctionsandoptionsinstalledfordetailsoftheir
usage.
The outer conductorofeach SMA connectorisground/shield, andtheinner conductor carriesthe
signal. Thetwo SMA connectorsina pair areinternallywiredto each other andmay be usedasa
loop-through connection for a 50 Ω-terminatedline. Alternatively,a50 Ωresistiveterminator may be
insertedintoone oftheconnectorsineach pair so thatthe other formsaterminatedconnection.
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Power
Connector
SMA: J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8
Fig re 3.2: SMA connector layo t
Connector pair J7-J8isusedonthe DSIfor time synchronisation; see section 15, “Unit-to-Unit Time-
TagSynchronisation”,for details.
3.4. Discovering aUnit’sSerial Number andInstalledProduct Options
Aunit’sserial numbermay be readoff itsfront panel display atboottime. Alternatively,click the
toggle switch upwards or downwards onceto viewtheserial numberof a runningunit.
3.4.1. The UnitSerial Number and its relationto the Ethernet MACaddress
4LinksEtherSpaceLinkunitserial numbers are oftheformAnnn (e.g.A202).
The least-significant bitsoftheEthernet MediaAccess Control (MAC)address of a unitaredirectly
relatedto itsserial number:
Serial numbersMACaddresses
A1to A4095 00-50-C2-21-20-01to 00-50-C2-21-2F-FF
3.4.2.InstalledProduct Options
When viewingtheserial numberof a runningunit,asabove,theinstalledProductOptionsare listedas
two-characteracronymswithinsquarebrackets.
Fortheillustration infigure6.1, the optionsareCO,EI, EW,ER, TT andSO. See section 2.4,“DSI
Options”,forfurtherinformation ontheavailable DSIoptions.
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3.5. The RG408 Hardware Platform
TheRG408hardwareplatformissuppliedwitheight SpaceWireportsandwithfront orrearmounted
SpaceWireconnectors (RG408or RG408-R,respectively).
Thehardwareis optionally available withSMA connectors forexternalsynchronization(onthe
RG408-S). Theseenable inter-box time-tag synchronization(onthe DSI, SRR, MSRandATI),aswell as
external triggers (on aDSI).
The-Land-M suffixes indicate theFPGAsizeinanRG408unit. ThesmallerFPGAissupplied in
RG408-L units.AnExtraResources“-M”option(ontheRG408-M)supplies greaterprocessingand
memory facilities.This providesformorethanfourportson aDSI, for doubletherecordingbuffer
memoryon anMSR, andformoreportsorlarger RMAP memorieson an SRR.
The unitis intendedto be used ina19-inch rack and is1Uhigh.
3.5.1. Dimensions
Dimension MetricImperial
Maximum height45 mm 1.75inches
Maximum width 483 mm 19inches
Maximum depth
(overall)
335 mm (405 mm withmatedpower
connector)
13.25inches(16 incheswithmated
powerconnector)
Maximum depth
(insiderack)
290 mm (360 mm withmatedpower
connector)
11.5 inches(14.25incheswithmated
powerconnector)
WeightApproximately2.8kgApproximately6lb
Heat output
(powerconsumption)
Approximately25Watts
(depends ontheinstalledfunctionsandactivitylevels)
3.5.2. Environmental Requirements
ParameterRequirement
OperatingTemperature5°Cto 35°C
Humidity Non-condensinghumidityenvironments
Maximum OperatingAltitude2,000 m
Pollution Degree 2;Indooruse only
3.5.2.1. Ventilation Requirements
The4Links RG platformproducts require unobstructedairflowto their rearventilation grillesto allow
theinternalfanstooperate efficiently andthusto allowoperation across thetemperaturerange
specified insection 3.5.2, “EnvironmentalRequirements”,above.
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3.5.3. Power Supply
Powerisprovidedby anexternalsupply.
3.5.3.1. Supply Voltage
Thepowerinput isdesignedto accept DC22 to50V, witheitherpolarity.
Thepowerinput circuitis isolatedfrom boththerest ofthecircuitandfrom theequipment case. The
potentialdifferencebetween thepower sourceandtheequipment case(functionalground) mustnot
exceed50 V.A1.2MΩresistorisfitted internallyto prevent thebuild-upof a static potentialdifference
between thepowerinput andthecase.
Note:This input haslimitedsurgeprotection andmustbeconnectedto asurge-free supply.The
AC/DC adapter suppliedwiththe unitcontainssurgeprotection atitsmains-voltageinput andshould
be usedwheresurgeprotection is required.
CAUTION:
TheAC/DC adapter suppliedwiththe unitprovidesmains isolationtoUL60950 /
EN60950. If analternative power sourceis used,it musthave anequivalent rating.
3.5.3.2. PowerConsumption
Totalpowerconsumption depends onthenumberof active portsandoptions: upto around25W.
3.5.3.3. PowerConnector
Powerissuppliedusingarear-panel-mounted5-way 240° DIN connectorwith a screw-locking
mechanism.
Fig re 3.3: The4LinksRG Platform power connector
Pins Function
1, 2 Power(eitherpolarity)
3 Functionalground(connectedto case)
4,5Return
Theconnectortypeis aBinder 680-series5-pin240° chassis plug.A compatible matingconnectoris
Binderpartnumber09-0314-00-05.
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3.5.3.4. GroundingforElectricalSafety
CAUTION:
Thechassis mustbe maintainedatasafepotential.
Theelectricalgroundforthecircuitsdrivingthe SpaceWireconnector signals is
connectedto thechassis.
A functionalgroundconnection is providedbythe mainspower supplythatisshipped
withthe unit.
3.5.3.5. Fuse Protection
Each powerinput line includesaninternalfuse.
One orbothfusesmay be inferredto have failed ifthereis appropriate powerattheconnectorpinsand
a complete lack ofinformation onthefront-panel display.
Fusefailurewill onlyresult from seriouscomponent failure orfrom equipment misuse. A complete
check-out is requiredbeforereplacingthesefuses.
Intheevent ofsuspectedfusefailure,pleasecontact4Links.
CAUTION:
Therearenouser-serviceable parts insidethis equipment.
3.5.4. Handling andTransportation
The4Links RG platformproductsaredesignedto be robust,andarecapable ofbeingtransportedto
support SpaceWiretesting.
Unitsshouldbe packaged inprotective foam or similarmaterial to prevent them from being subjected
to excessive shocksduringhandling.
Unitsshouldnotbesubjectedto condensation; transferringthem directly from a coldshipping
containerto amoistwarm laboratory atmosphereis not recommended.
The micro-miniature D-type SpaceWireplugs andsocketsarefragile. Connectionsshouldbe made
with care. Ifthe unitsareinanenvironment wherethey arefrequentlyre-connected, consideration
shouldbe given to the use ofsacrificialconnectors oranexternalrouter(such asthe4Links Flexible
SpaceWireRouter).
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3.5.5. RG Platform Firmware
Firmwareforthe4Links RG platformproducts issuppliedon CompactFlashmemory cards.These
cards may be hot-swapped-i.e. pluggedandunpluggedfrom alive unit.
RG Platform unitsboot from aninstalledmemory card when they arepoweredup,aswell aswhen
theydetectthatamemory card hasbeen newly-inserted.Ejectingandthen re-insertingamemory
card is thereforeanacceptable methodofre-bootingaunit.
Amemory card may be ejectedbypressingtheejectbutton ontheright-handside ofthecardslot with
anon-conductive device.
CAUTION:
Do not attempttoremovethe memory card usinga conductive object(e.g.a pen ora
screwdriver).
Memory cards areconfiguredfora particular4Linkshardwareplatform,andare onlyintendedforuse
withthat unit. Ifone attemptsto boot a4Linksunitwith a memory card thatwasbuilt foranother
unit,orwith a non-4Linksmemory card, then theboot self-testdisplaywill display a failure messageat
thefifthstep - which indicatesthatthecard is unsuitable forthis unit.
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