Adaptec 19160 - SCSI Card Storage Controller U160 160... Service manual

USER’S
REFERENCE
ADAPTEC SCSI CARD 19160
ULTRA160 SCSI CONTROLLER

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© 1999 Adaptec, Inc.
All rights reserved. Adaptec, and the Adaptec logo
are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be
registered in some jurisdictions.
Printed in Singapore
STOCK NO.: 512488-03, Rev. A KrL 12/99
(SRC: 512488-00, Ver. AA)
Adaptec, Inc.
691 South Milpitas Boulevard
Milpitas, CA 95035

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Adaptec SCSI Card 19160
Ultra160 SCSI Controller
User’s Reference

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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Contents
1Overview1
Ultra160 SCSI on the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 1
Understanding SCSI 2
SCSI IDs 2
Terminating the SCSI Bus 3
2 Troubleshooting 5
Troubleshooting Checklist 5
Troubleshooting in Windows 95/98 6
Common Error Messages 10
3 Using the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 and SCSI
Devices 12
Using SCSI Devices 12
SCSI Hard Disk Drives 12
Using SCSI Hard Disk Drives 12
Using Ultra160 Hard Disk Drives 13
Using Scanners 13
Combining SCSI and Non-SCSI Devices 14
Installing Multiple SCSI Cards 15
Connecting the LED Connector 16

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
4 Configuring the
Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 with SCSI
Select
17
Starting SCSISelect 19
Exiting SCSISelect 19
Using SCSISelect Settings 19
SCSI Bus Interface Definitions 20
Boot Device Options 20
SCSI Device Configuration 20
Advanced Configuration Options 22
Using SCSI Disk Utilities 24
5 Connecting SCSI Devices 25
Maximum Cable Lengths 26

1
Overview
Ultra160 SCSI on the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160
The Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 supports Ultra160 SCSI devices.
Ultra160 is a new generation of SCSI technology that transfers data
at up to 160 MBytes/sec. In addition to providing much greater
performance, Ultra160 SCSI increases the maximum allowable cable
length from 3 meters to 12 meters1for improved connectivity and
flexibility.
The Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 combines this Ultra160 SCSI
technology with Adaptec’s SpeedFlex™ technology. SpeedFlex
allows the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 to be backwards compatible
with previous generations of SCSI products, while allowing newer
Ultra160 SCSI devices to operate at the higher 160 MBytes/sec rate
and increased cable length.
This User’s Reference provides information about troubleshooting,
SCSI termination, and other important topics. It also explains how to
use the built-in SCSISelect utility if you need to change the Adaptec
SCSI Card 19160 settings.
Note:
Read the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 Installation Guide if
you need instructions on installing the SCSI Card or con-
necting SCSI devices to it.
1 When only one Ultra2 or Ultra160 device is connected, the cable length may
be up to 25 meters (82 ft.). See Maximum Cable Lengths on page 26.

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
Understanding SCSI
SCSI (pronounced “scuzzy”) stands for Small Computer Systems
Interface. SCSI is an industry standard computer interface for
connecting SCSI devices (such as a hard disk drive, CD-ROM drive,
or scanner) to a common SCSI bus.
A SCSI bus is an electrical pathway that consists of a SCSI adapter
card (such as the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160) installed in a computer
and one or more SCSI devices. SCSI cables are used to connect the
devices to the SCSI adapter card.
For the SCSI bus to function properly, a unique SCSI ID must be
assigned to the SCSI card and each SCSI device connected to it, and
the SCSI bus must be properly terminated.
SCSI IDs
Each device attached to the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160, as well as the
Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 itself, must be assigned a unique SCSI ID
number from 0 to 15. A SCSI ID uniquely identifies each SCSI device
on the SCSI bus and determines priority when two or more devices
are trying to use the SCSI bus at the same time.
Refer to the device’s documentation to set the SCSI ID. Here are
some general guidelines for SCSI IDs:
■For internal SCSI devices, the SCSI ID usually is set by config-
uring a jumper on the device.
■For external SCSI devices, the SCSI ID usually is set with a
switch on the back of the device.
■SCSI ID numbers don’t have to be sequential, as long as the
Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 and each device has a different num-
ber. For example, you can have an internal SCSI device with ID
0, and an external SCSI device with ID 6.
■SCSI ID 7 has the highest priority on the SCSI bus. The priority
of the remaining IDs, in descending order, is 6 to 0, 15 to 8.
■The Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 is preset to SCSI ID 7 and should
not be changed. This gives it the highest priority on the SCSI
bus.
■Most internal SCSI hard disk drives come from the factory pre-
set to SCSI ID 0.

3
Overview
■If you have 8-bit (or Narrow) SCSI devices, they must use SCSI
IDs 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. SCSI ID 0 is recommended for the first
SCSI hard disk drive.
■If you are booting your computer from a SCSI hard disk drive
connected to the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160, the Boot Target ID
setting in the SCSISelect utility must correspond to the SCSI ID
of the device from which you are booting. By default, the Boot
SCSI ID is set to 0. We recommend that you do not change this
setting.
■You can view or confirm SCSI ID assignments using the
SCSISelect disk utility. See Configuring the Adaptec SCSI Card
19160 with SCSISelect on page 17.
■In Windows®95/98, you can use the Device Manager to view
which SCSI ID is assigned to each installed SCSI device.
Terminating the SCSI Bus
To ensure reliable communication on the SCSI bus, the ends of the
SCSI bus must be properly terminated. This is accomplished when
the device at the end of each cable, or the end of the cable itself, has a
terminator installed (or enabled). Terminators must be removed, or
termination must be disabled, on devices between the ends of each
cable.
Since the method for terminating a SCSI device can vary widely,
refer to the device’s documentation for instructions on how to
enable or disable termination. Here are some general guidelines for
termination:
■Internal Ultra160 and Ultra2 SCSI devices come from the fac-
tory with termination disabled and cannot be changed. Proper
termination for internal Ultra160 and Ultra2 SCSI devices is
provided by a 68-pin Internal LVD (Low Voltage Differential)
SCSI cable, which either has a built-in terminator at its end, or
has a terminator installed on the last connector on the cable.
■Termination on non-Ultra160 and Ultra2 internal SCSI devices
usually is controlled by manually setting a jumper or a switch
on the device, or by physically removing or installing one or
more resistor modules on the device.

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
■Termination on external SCSI devices usually is controlled by
installing or removing a SCSI terminator. However, termina-
tion on some external devices is enabled or disabled by setting
a switch on the back of the SCSI device.
■Some devices use automatic termination. Be sure to check the
documentation for the device to be certain that the device is
correctly terminated.
■By default, termination on the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 itself
is set to Automatic (the preferred method). We recommend that
you do not change this default setting.

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Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Most problems can be resolved by following the recommendations
in the Troubleshooting Checklist below. If you still experience
problems after following the recommendations, continue with the
rest of this section.
Troubleshooting Checklist
Most problems with using the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 result from
errors in preparing and connecting devices on the SCSI bus. If you
have problems, check these items first.
■Are all SCSI devices turned on?
■Are all SCSI cables and power cables properly connected?
■Is the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 firmly seated and secured in
the PCI expansion slot?
■Is the PCI expansion slot compliant with PCI Rev. 2.1 or higher,
and does it support Bus Mastering?
■Are all SCSI devices and the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160
assigned unique SCSI IDs?
■Are all SCSI devices terminated properly?
Note:
If you have problems with a specific SCSI device when
other connected SCSI devices are working correctly, please
contact the manufacturer of the problem device for trouble-
shooting information.

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
Troubleshooting in Windows 95/98
When I start Windows 95/98, the system locks up when the Windows
logo is displayed. How can I get the system to start so that I can verify
that the SCSI card is functioning normally?
1
Start or restart your computer.
2
(For Windows 95:) You can force a manual fail-safe mode by
pressing the F8 function key when you boot your machine
while the “Starting Windows 95” message appears.
(For Windows 98:) You can force a manual fail-safe mode by
pressing the Ctrl key when you boot your machine, before the
the “Windows 98” logo appears.
3
From the boot menu, select Safe Mode. (It may take several
minutes for Windows 95/98 to load.)
4
If the system completes the boot to the desktop, the core soft-
ware is functional; resources, software and/or hardware con-
flicts need to be checked.
5
If the system still fails to boot, and the boot drive is connected
to an EIDE controller, shut down the system, remove the
Adaptec SCSI Card 19160, and restart the computer.
6
Verify that an IRQ is available by viewing resources in System
Properties.
7
Right click on the My Computer icon on the Windows
desktop.
8
Select Properties from the menu.
9
Click the Performance tab.
10
Verify that your system is configured for optimal perfor-
mance. (Make sure you are not in Safe Mode.)
How can I tell if the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 driver is loading
properly?
1
Right click on the My Computer icon on the Windows
desktop.
2
Select Properties from the menu.
3
Click the Device Manager tab.

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Troubleshooting
4
Double-click the SCSI controllers icon. The software driver for
the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 is listed as “Adaptec 19160,
29160(N), 39160, AHA-3960D, AIC-7892/ 7899 Ultra160 PCI
SCSI Controller.”
■If the driver is listed, the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 driver is
loading properly.
■If the driver is listed but has an exclamation mark inside a
yellow circle, the software driver may conflict with other
hardware using the same resources. Double-click the icon
to see the device status and possible solutions.
■If the driver is listed but has an “X” inside a red circle, the
Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 software driver is disabled and
isn’t loading.
■If the SCSI Controller icon or the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160
software driver is not listed, reinstall the driver that was
included with the SCSI card. (For instructions on how to do
this, refer to the Ultra160 Family Manager Set User’s Guide.)
■If there is a ? inside a yellow circle under Other in the
Device Manager, double-click that device, go to the Drivers
tab, and click Update Driver. Follow the on-screen instruc-
tions.
An “X” inside a red circle appears with the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160
software driver in Device Manager. What does this mean?
It means that the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 software driver is dis-
abled and isn’t loading.
To enable the driver
1
Double-click the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 software driver in
Device Manager.
2
Select the General tab and click the Original Configuration
(current) box.

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
What if there is no SCSI Controller icon under Device Manager, or the
software driver for the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 does not appear
under Device Manager?
If the SCSI Controller icon or the software driver do not appear, first
power down the system and check that the Adaptec SCSI Card
19160 is properly seated. If the problem persists, first
1
Open Control Panel and double-click the Add New Hardware
icon.
2
Click Next to begin installing your new hardware.
3
Select Yes (Recommended), and click Next to have Windows
search for the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160.
4
Follow the on-screen instructions. If Windows 95/98 does not
detect the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160, get the driver disk or CD
included with the SCSI card and click Next.
5
Click Next again to continue to the Manufactures/Models lists.
Note:
The 19160 will not appear on the Models list
when Adaptec is selected from the Manufacturers list.
6
Click Have Disk… and follow the on-screen instructions.
7
Select Adaptec 19160, 29160(N), 39160, AHA-3960D, AIC-
7892/ 7899 Ultra160 PCI SCSI Controller.
How can I check the status of a resource such as IRQ, Memory, or I/O?
1
Right click the My Computer icon on the desktop.
2
Select Properties from the menu.
3
Click the Device Manager tab.
4
Double-click the Computer icon.
5
On the View Resources tab, click the option button for the type
of resource you want to check:
■Interrupt Request (IRQ)
■Input/Output Address (I/O)
■Direct Memory Access (DMA)
■Memory

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Troubleshooting
6
The setting, and the hardware using the setting, are displayed.
■If a specific resource is not listed, the resource is not used
by a device.
■If a resource is listed more than once, the resource is used
by more than one device.
■If a resource is used by an unknown device, the resource is
used but the device using the resource cannot be detected.
(This condition is most common.)
7
Click Cancel to close the windows, then close Control Panel.
How do I use the Hardware Conflict Troubleshooter in Windows 95/98?
1
Click the Start button, then click Help.
2
From the Contents tab, double-click Troubleshooting. (In
Windows 98, click Troubleshooting and then click Windows
98 Troubleshooting.)
3
Double-click If you have a hardware conflict.
4
Follow the step-by-step instructions in Windows Help.

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
Common Error Messages
Here is what you should do if the following messages appear at
bootup:
“Device connected, but not ready”
The host received no answer when it requested data from an
installed SCSI device.
1
Run SCSISelect®and set the Send Start Unit Command to Yes
for the particular SCSI device ID. See Starting SCSISelect on
page 19.
2
Ensure that the device is set to spin up when the power is
switched on. The spin up option is typically set by a jumper.
(See the documentation for the device.)
“Start unit request failed”
The SCSI card BIOS was unable to send a Start Unit Command to
the device. Verify that all cables are properly connected. Run SCSISe-
lect and enable the Send Start Unit Command to the device. If the
error still occurs, the SCSI device may be defective.
“Time-out failure during...”
An unexpected time-out occurred.
1
Verify that the SCSI bus is properly terminated.
2
Verify that all cables are properly connected.
3
Verify that SCSISelect’s Device Configuration options are set
correctly. See SCSI Device Configuration on page 20.
Try disconnecting the SCSI device cables from the SCSI card and
then starting the computer. If the computer successfully restarts, one
of the SCSI devices may be defective.
Note:
The following error message entries refer to the SCSI
connectors and SCSI segments on the Adaptec SCSI Card
19160. See Using SCSI Hard Disk Drives on page 12.

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Troubleshooting
“Attention! Too many devices are terminated on the SE connectors”2
The SCSI card BIOS has detected that more than two devices have
been terminated on the narrow SE SCSI segment. Verify the termina-
tion on the devices connected to the internal and external connec-
tors. Terminate only the SCSI device at the ends of the cable. Remove
or disable the terminators on the SCSI devices between the ends of
the cable.
“Attention! Insufficient termination detected on the SE connectors”2
The SCSI card BIOS has detected that either only one or no devices
have been terminated on the narrow SE SCSI segment. Verify the ter-
mination on the devices connected to the SE connectors. Terminate
the SCSI devices at the end of the cables and leave the other devices
unterminated.
2 The termination detection feature is only implemented on the internal
narrow SE connectors. The 68-pin LVD/SE connector does not support this
feature.

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
Using the Adaptec SCSI
Card 19160 and SCSI
Devices
This section provides useful information on using the Adaptec SCSI
Card 19160 and your SCSI devices. For information about a specific
device, refer to the documentation for that device.
Using SCSI Devices
SCSI Hard Disk Drives
■If you connect a SCSI hard disk drive to the Adaptec SCSI Card
19160 that was previously connected to a different SCSI card,
you may need to low-level format the drive before you can use
it. Back-up the data on the drive before you move it! See Using
SCSI Disk Utilities on page 24 for information on using the
SCSISelect format utility.
Note:
A low-level format destroys all data on the
drive. Be sure to back up the data before performing a
low-level format.
Using SCSI Hard Disk Drives
■Every SCSI hard disk drive must be physically low-level for-
matted, partitioned, and logically formatted before it can be
used to store data. Most SCSI drives are pre-formatted at the
factory. If your SCSI hard disk drive has not been pre-format-
ted at the factory, and if your computer is running under DOS,
Windows 3.x, or Windows 95/98, you can format the disk with
the DOS Fdisk and Format commands. (See the DOS and Win-
dows documentation for more information.) To format SCSI
hard disk drives running under other operating systems, see
the operating system documentation.

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Using the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 and SCSI Devices
Using Ultra160 Hard Disk Drives
■We recommend keeping your Ultra160 SCSI devices separate
from your non-Ultra160 SCSI devices. Connecting a non-
Ultra160 SCSI hard disk drive to the Ultra160 SCSI connector
on the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 causes the Ultra160 SCSI
segment of the SCSI bus to drop down to Ultra SCSI
performance levels (40 MBytes/sec).
■Be sure to connect your Ultra160 SCSI hard disk drives to the
LVD/SE SCSI connectors on the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 if
you want Ultra160 performance (160 MBytes/sec)
■Internal Ultra160 SCSI devices come from the factory with
termination disabled and cannot be changed. Proper
termination is provided by the terminator at the end of the
internal Ultra160 SCSI cable.
Using Scanners
If you connect a scanner to the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160, you must
install the scanner manufacturer’s proprietary software drivers. See
your scanner’s documentation for details.
50-pin Internal Fast/
Ultra-SE Connector
50-pin External
High Density Fast/
Ultra-SE Connector
68-pin Internal LVD/SE
Connector

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Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 User’s Reference
Combining SCSI and Non-SCSI Devices
You can install the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 in a computer that
already has a non-SCSI controller, such as an EIDE controller.
However, you cannot cross-connect the disk drives and other
devices: SCSI devices must be connected to the Adaptec SCSI Card
19160, EIDE devices must be connected to the EIDE controller, and
so on.
When you install the Adaptec SCSI Card 19160 and SCSI disk drives
in a computer that boots from a non-SCSI disk drive, the computer
will continue to boot from the non-SCSI disk drive unless you
change the computer’s CMOS configuration. You do not need to
change the configuration if you just want to use the SCSI drives for
additional file storage space.
If your computer’s motherboard BIOS supports the BIOS Boot
Specification (BBS) feature, you can select a different boot device
without much difficulty. (To determine if the motherboard BIOS
supports BBS, read the computer documentation or contact your
motherboard manufacturer.)
The following table shows what to do, after you physically install
the SCSI card and SCSI devices, to use different kinds of disk drives
in the same computer:
Does computer
BIOS support
BBS?
Want computer
to boot from
SCSI drive? Then do this:
No No No action required. SCSI drives and
non-SCSI drives can be used
together.
No Yes Run CMOS Setup program. Change
primary Hard Disk setting to None
or No Drives Installed (see com-
puter documentation). You will not
be able to use the non-SCSI drive(s) at
all when you boot from the SCSI
drive.
Yes No No action required. SCSI drives and
non-SCSI drives can be used
together.
Yes Yes Run CMOS Setup program and
select SCSI drive as boot device.
SCSI drives and non-SCSI drives
can be used together.