Adaptec 5ANA-940 User manual

R
Copyright
© 1997 Adaptec Inc. All rights reserved. The user may
print one copy for personal use. Production of multiple
copies, or copies for sale is strictly prohibited.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ANA-5910/5930/5940
PCI-to-ATM Adapter
User’s Guide

ii
Trademarks
Adaptec, the Adaptec logo, and ANA are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be
registered in some jurisdictions.
Windows NT is a trademark, and Windows and Windows 95 are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries used under
license.
All other trademarks are owned by their respective owners.
Changes
The material in this document is for information only and is subject to change
without notice. While reasonable efforts have been made in the preparation of this
document to assure its accuracy, Adaptec, Inc. assumes no liability resulting from
errors or omissions in this document, or from the use of the information contained
herein.
Adaptec reserves the right to make changes inthe product design without reservation
and without notification to its users.
Disclaimer
IF THIS PRODUCT DIRECTS YOU TO COPY MATERIALS, YOU MUST HAVE
PERMISSION FROM THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OF THE MATERIALS TO AVOID
VIOLATING THE LAW WHICH COULD RESULT IN DAMAGES OR OTHER
REMEDIES.
Adaptec Technical Support and Services
If you have questions about installing or using your Adaptec product, check this
document first—you will find answers to most of your questions here. If you need
further assistance, please contact us. We offer the following support and information
services:
Electronic Support
Technical information, including product literature, answers to commonly asked
questions, information on software upgrades and other topics is available
electronically through the following:
■Adaptec World Wide Web (WWW) site at http://www.adaptec.com.
■File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server at ftp.adaptec.com
.
■Adaptec USA Bulletin Board Service (BBS) at 408-945-7727; supports up to 28,800
bps (bits per second), 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity. No product literature is
available on the Adaptec BBS.
■Interactive Fax System at 408-957-7150; available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Technical and Product Support
■For technical support and information about many of Adaptec’s electronic
support services, call 800-959-7274 or 408-945-2550, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
■To use the Adaptec Interactive Support System, call 800-959-7274 or
408-945-2550, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The system prompts you with
questions regarding your problem and then provides step-by-step
troubleshooting instructions.

iii
■To speak with a product support representative,call 408-934-7274, M–F, 6:00 A.M.
to 5:00 P.M., Pacific Time. After hours, on weekends, and on holidays, product
support is also available for a fee at 800-416-8066.
Sales and Ordering Information
■For sales information, call 800-959-7274 or 408-945-2550, M–F, 6:00 A.M. to 5:00
P.M., Pacific Time.
■To order Adaptec software and SCSI cables, call 800-442-7274 or 408-957-7274, M–
F, 6:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., Pacific Time.
■To request additional documentation for Adaptec products, call 800-934-2766 or
510-732-3829, M–F, 6:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., Pacific Time.
Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement
WARNING: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsi-
ble for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction
manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guaran-
tee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. However, if this equipment does
cause interference to radio or television equipment reception, which can be determined by turning
the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more
of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is con-
nected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for help.
Use a shielded and properly grounded I/O cable and power cable to ensure compliance of this
unit to the specified limits of the rules.
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two con-
ditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Canadian Compliance Statement
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matérial
brouilleur du Canada.

v
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Contents
1 Getting Started
System Requirements 1-1
Hardware Requirements 1-1
Document Overview 1-3
How to Use This Document 1-3
2 Introducing ATM Networking
How ATM Works 2-1
Wide Area Connectivity 2-2
Scaleable bandwidth 2-3
Bandwidth guarantees 2-3
Node Identification 2-3
Virtual Channel Connections (VCCs) 2-4
ATM SONET/SDH Support 2-4
25.6 Mbit/sec ATM 2-5
Classical TCP/IP 2-5
Classical IP Operational Summary 2-6
Classical IP over ATM 2-7
LAN Emulation 2-8
LAN Emulation Clients (LECs) 2-8
LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS) 2-9
LAN Emulation Server (LES) 2-9
Broadcast and Unknown Server (BUS) 2-9
3 Installing the Adapter
Connecting the ANA-5910/5930/5940 Adapter to the
Network 3-4
Connecting to the ANA-5910 3-4
Connecting to the ANA-5930 3-5

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ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
Connecting to the ANA-5940 3-5
4 Installing ATM Version 4.0x Software for
Windows NT
Installation for Windows NT (version 4.0) 4-1
Installing LANE Device Drivers 4-2
Installing The ATM Utilities 4-7
Installation for Windows NT (version 3.51) 4-8
Installing LANE Device Drivers 4-8
Installing The ATM Utilities 4-13
Using Device Drivers and Utilities 4-14
Stopping ATM Drivers 4-14
Starting ATM Drivers 4-14
Locating Files and Directories 4-19
5 Installing ATM Version 2.0x Drivers for Windows
NT
Installation for Windows NT (version 4.0) 5-1
Installing CIP Client Drivers 5-2
Installing LANE Device Drivers 5-5
Installing the CIP ARP Server (Optional) 5-9
Installation for Windows NT (version 3.51) 5-13
Installing CIP Client Drivers 5-13
Installing LANE Device Drivers 5-17
Installing the CIP ARP Server (Optional) 5-21
Using Device Drivers and Utilities 5-25
Stopping ATM Drivers 5-25
Starting ATM Drivers 5-25
Locating Files and Directories 5-30
6 Installing ATM Software for DOS/Windows 3.1
Configuring the Novell NetWare Client Kit for DOS/
Windows 6-1
Installing Adaptec ATM Software for DOS/Windows 6-2

vii
Contents
Using Frame Types with Novell NetWare 6-4
7 Installing ATM Software for Windows 95
Automatically Installing Adaptec ATM Software for
Windows 95 7-1
Installing Adaptec ATM Client Drivers for Windows 95 7-3
Configuring the Adapter 7-4
Removing Adaptec ATM Software for Windows 95 7-5
8 Installing ATM Software for Novell NetWare
Installing Adaptec ATM Software for NetWare 3.12 8-1
Installing the ATM Software 8-1
Configuring the ATM Software 8-3
Automatically Loading the ATM Driver 8-6
Automating ATM Software Installation 8-7
Installing, Configuring, and Loading Adaptec ATM
Software for NetWare 4.1 8-7
Installing and Configuring the ATM Software While
Installing NetWare 4.1 8-7
Installing and Configuring the ATM Software After
Installing NetWare 4.1 8-10
Automatically Loading the ATM Driver 8-14
Manually Loading the ATM Driver 8-14
Removing ATM Software 8-15
Removing ATM Software for NetWare 3.12 8-15
Removing ATM Software for NetWare 4.1 8-16
Updating ATM Software 8-17
Updating ATM Software for NetWare 3.12 8-17
Updating ATM Software for NetWare 4.1 8-17
Troubleshooting 8-18
Status Commands 8-18
Status/Error Messages 8-18
Identifying Files 8-19
Installing Patches 8-19

viii
ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
A Product Features and Specifications
Features A-1
ANA-5910/5930/5940 Hardware A-1
ANA-5910/5930/5940 Software A-3
Features Summary A-4
Specifications A-5
Environment A-5
PCI Interface A-5
UTP and STP Interface (ANA-5910/5930) A-6
MMF Optical Interface (ANA-5940) A-7
B Windows NT Specific Error Messages and
Diagnostics
Error Messages B-1
Diagnostics Error Messages B-3
Driver Console Error Messages B-4
Diagnostics B-11
Database File Parameters B-14
SNMP Agent B-16
Glossary
Index

1-1
1
▼▼▼▼
Getting Started
This document contains information on installing and configuring
the Adaptec®ANA™-5910/5930/5940 adapters. These adapters
provide the interface between your computer’s PCI bus and a
network that uses Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). Procedures
in this document describe installing the adapter, installing and
configuring the adapter drivers, and performing administrative and
management functions for your ATM network.
Note:
The procedures in this document assume that you are
connecting the adapter to an external ATM local area
network (LAN) switch.
System Requirements
Certain hardware and software components are required to use the
ANA-5910/5930/5940 adapters.
Hardware Requirements
The minimum hardware system requirements are as follows:
■PCI rev. 2.0-compliant computer with +5V PCI slots for the
ANA-5910 and +5V/+12V PCI slots for the ANA-5930/5940
■An available PCI bus master slot

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ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
■Connecting cable (see Appendix A, Product Features and
Specifications, for additional cable specifications):
Adaptec does not claim to have included in this document every
condition or situation that might require a caution or warning
notice. Be sure to consult the documentation for your computer and
any connected equipment when you are installing the equipment or
changing its configuration.
WARNING:
Always use caution when handling electrical
equipment!
Adapter Model Cable
ANA-5910 STP, UTP 3, or better
ANA-5930 UTP 5
ANA-5940 MMF

1-3
Getting Started
Document Overview
How to Use This Document
To use this document, first scan this chapter for an overview of this
document.
Next read Chapter 2, Introducing ATM Networking, for a description
of ATM and how the ANA-5910/5930/5940 adapters fit into an
ATM network.
Then follow the instructions in Chapter 3, Installing the Adapter, for
installing the adapter and connecting ATM UTP/STP or MMF.
After you install the hardware, install and configure the ATM
software for the operating system you are running, as follows:
Chapter 4, Installing ATM Version 4.0x Software for Windows NT.
Chapter 5, Installing ATM Version 2.0x Drivers for Windows NT.
Chapter 6, Installing ATM Software for DOS/Windows 3.1.
Chapter 7, Installing ATM Software for Windows 95.
Chapter 8, Installing ATM Software for Novell NetWare
For specifications on environment, cables, or the PCI-bus interface,
see Appendix A, Product Features and Specifications.
For error messages and diagnostics specific to Windows NT, refer to
Appendix B, Windows NT Specific Error Messages and Diagnostics
If you do not understand some of the terms discussed in this
document, refer to the Glossary.
❒

2-1
2
▼▼▼▼
Introducing ATM
Networking
As a technology, ATM represents a sharp departure from LAN
alternatives such as traditional Ethernets that typically rely on
shared transmission media. That is, with Ethernet, several nodes
often contend for the right to transmit over shared cable segments
that support only one transmission at a time. When a node
successfully captures the media, it transmits its message at the
maximum allowed speed, completely consuming the media.
However, even in the best of circumstances, it is not unusual for two
or more nodes to begin transmitting at the same time and interfere
with each others transmission. Ethernet’s design anticipates and
compensates for unpredictable transmission collisions that occur.
How ATM Works
In contrast to other methods, ATM isolates networknodes by forcing
them to attach to ATM switches using dedicated connections. ATM
switches then interconnect and cooperate with each other to form a
network and provide communication connections. While an ATM
node has full use of its switch attachment link, nodes share the
capacity of the links connecting the switches. Unlike Ethernet
networks, this sharing is largely invisible to the nodes. Because of
this and other considerations, ATM provides numerous advantages
and capabilities that are difficult or impossible to obtain with legacy
LAN approaches. Perhaps the most important ATM benefits are its

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ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
native wide area connectivity, scaleable bandwidth, and bandwidth
guarantees.
Wide Area Connectivity
International telephone companies have standardized ATM to
support their domestic telephone voice traffic. As nations deploy
their individual ATM networks, ATM’s standard definition makes it
easy to interconnect these various ATM networks into a cooperative
integrated global network.
Figure 2-1. ATM Networking

2-3
Introducing ATM Networking
Scaleable bandwidth
ATM defines how ATM end-stations, such as your PC or
workstation, connect to ATM switches and how ATM switches
interconnect with each other. Because these various connections
consist of dedicated links, their construction (metal wire or fiber
optic) and the transmission speed they support may vary from link
to link. When connections require higher speed, it is usually easy to
upgrade the connection without disrupting other network nodes
and switches, upgrading transmission bandwidth only where
necessary.
Bandwidth guarantees
Whenever one ATM node communicates with another, it uses a
virtual connection that disguises the fact that connections actually
traverse shared media. In this way, ATM networks make it appear
that connections are dedicated. Only if the necessary bandwidth is
available along the entire route does the connection setup complete
successfully. ATM’s guaranteed bandwidth allows connections to
transport audio, video, and image data that is sensitive to time
delays that occur when bandwidth is unpredictable as it is with
Ethernet.
To further improve transmission predictability, ATM networks
transmit small, 53 byte messages, called cells. A cell contains 48 data
bytes and a five-byte header. Since ATM transmission media only
transport only one cell at a time, the small message size allows
switches and nodes to transmit high priority cells with minimum
delay. If switches are transmitting lower priority cells when a high
priority cell arrives, higher priority cell transmission quickly
commences when the lower priority transmission completes.
Node Identification
ATM end stations (nodes such as workstations) each have a unique
connection to any ATM switch to which they connect. The
connection point at the switch is called a switch port and the switch
is a local switch for the node. ATM nodes each have a globally-unique
network address. There are various address schemes but, in most
cases, nodes receive theirassigned networkaddress from the switch.

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ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
To communicate with another node, an initiating node must initiate
a signaling request to the signaling Virtual Channel Connection (VCC)
residing within the local switch.
Virtual Channel Connections (VCCs)
Virtual Channel Connections (VCCs) are either constructed manually
or constructed by both nodes and all intervening switches.
Manually constructed connections are called Permanent Virtual
Circuits (PVCs) and must be manually deconstructed. With Switched
Virtual Connections (SVCs), one node initiates the VCC setup process
which proceeds switch-by-switch until the desired node is reached.
ATM networks that provide SVCs are considered signaling
environments. Finally VCCs can be point-to-point, allowing one
transmitter and receiver for any cell, or multicast VCCs that allow
one node to transmit a cell that many nodes receive.
An initiating node sends a connection setup request to its switch via
a special signaling VCC. The signaling VCC is an example of a
control VCC - a VCC that remains constantly active. The switch then
cooperates with other nodes to construct a virtual connection that
provides the appropriate Quality of Service (QoS). Link by link, the
procedure reserves the bandwidth required by the connection. If the
connection setup is successful, the nodes communicate using the
VCC which is represented by a Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) and a
Virtual Path Identifier (VPI). Together, the VCI and VPI identify the
VCC for its duration, and communicating nodes reference the VPI/
VCI pair within each transmitted cell, permitting subsequent cell
switching activity. When the communication process is complete,
one of the communicating nodes initiates the SVC tear-down.
ATM SONET/SDH Support
SONET is an acronym for Synchronous Optical Network - the
contemporary technology many North American telephone
companies use to bundle and transport domestic voice data within
Synchronous Transport Signal (STS) data frames SDH is an acronym
for Synchronous Digital Hierarchy - the contemporary technology
many European telephone companies use to bundle and transport
domestic voice data Synchronous Transport Module (STM) data
frames. Through international standardization efforts, SONET and
SDH are essentially identical except that the smallest STM frame
(STM-1) is three times larger than the smallest STS frame (STS-1).

2-5
Introducing ATM Networking
ATM uses SONET and SHD technology to reduce costs while
achieving high transmission rates. Essentially, ATM combines
multiple STS-1 frames into STS superframes (STS-Nc, where N
stands for some integer value) and likewise for STM-1 frames.
Transmitting 8,000 single STS-1 frames at telephone company in a
second, referredto as STS-1 transmission, produces a51.84 Mbit/sec
transmission rate.
An STS-3C transmission transmits 8,000 STS-3c superframes in a
second, each composed of three concatenated (combined) STS-1
frames. This produces a 155.52 Mbit/sec transmission rate which is
conventionally rounded to 155 Mbits/sec. The STS-3c transmission
rate is identical to the STM-1 transmission rate. ATM supports, or
will eventually support the following:
Adaptec ATM products currently support the STS-3C/STM-1
transmission rate of 155.51 Mbits/sec.
25.6 Mbit/sec ATM
ATM also supports 25.6 Mbit transmission speeds. Adaptec
products providing this transmission speed attach to switches which
can subsequently transport the data at any ATM transmission speed
necessary to reach another switch or node.
Classical TCP/IP
A data communication protocol is a set of conventions that
communicating entities observe to achieve unambiguous data
exchange and the TCP/IP suite of protocols is the most commonly
used data communication protocol suite. TCP/IP has prevailed
because it is an extensible, effective data communication protocol
suite designed from the ground up to integrate disparate networks
with heterogeneous computers. Because of its interconnectivity
origins, TCP/IP is essential to the Internet, which itself consists of
■STS-1: 51.84 Mbits/sec
■STS-3c: 155.52 Mbits/sec
■STS-12c: 622.08 Mbits/sec
■STS-24c: 1244.16 Mbits/sec
■STS-48c: 2488.32 Mbits/sec
■STS-192c: 9953.28 Mbits/sec

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ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
numerous interconnected networks. This section introduces the
TCP/IP protocol suite which ATM necessarily supports untouched.
Classical IP Operational Summary
Within workstations, a TCP/IP communication protocol stack
receives application data streams and fragments the flows into
datagrams. These datagrams can be up to 64 Kbytes long, though
they are usually much smaller to accommodate physical media
constraints. Within the stack, IP components prepend datagram
headers and deliver the datagram to MAC components, such as
Ethernet components, for transmission. Intermediate routers route
the IP datagrams to destinations, further fragmenting the datagrams
into smaller datagrams if necessary. When datagrams arrive,
perhaps out of order, receiving host IP components reassemble the
datagrams and corresponding TCP components reconstruct the
original data stream before delivering the data to an application. IP
provides a connectionless, datagram transmission and routing
conduit while TCP superimposes necessary guaranteed data
delivery considerations between applications using mechanisms
such as exponential back off and slow start up transmission rate
flow controls as well as message receipt acknowledgments.
Within popular implementations, IP receives and delivers data from
and to two widely available higher level layers, TCP and UDP. UDP
Application Native App.
UDP TCP
IP
LAN Emulation Classical IP
accesses
AAL
directly
For example,
an MPEG-II
application
accesses
AAL 5 directly
for video
transmission
ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL)
Signalling
ATM Layer
Physical Layer
ATM Model
SONET and SDH
MMF STPUTP
25.6-Mbit/sec ATM

2-7
Introducing ATM Networking
stands for User Datagram Protocol. Both TCP and UDP have
associated processes and applications that produce the messages
and streams TCP and UDP receive and deliver. While TCP provides
a reliable data transport mechanism to host applications including
checksums, UDP provides applications-specific IP addresses but
only provides its applications access only to IP’s connectionless,
unreliable delivery.
Classical IP over ATM
Within contemporary networks, host IP software and IP routers get
datagrams from network sources to network destinations. Within an
ATM network, the ATM adaptation layer intercepts and converts IP
datagrams to and from cells. This spans the message transmission
differences inherent within each communication design. However,
it does not address the behavorial differences between components
above this layer. For instance, unlike ATM, the legacy delivery
process does not itself guarantee reliable, in-order delivery.
Because TCP/IP applications were designed in LAN environments
that naturally provided broadcast services that are unavailable with
native ATM, other differences also require consideration before ATM
can seamlessly transport IP datagrams. These mechanisms resolve
IP addresses to ATM network addresses and provide TCP/IP’s
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) support. Many of these
considerations are resolved in the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF) Request For Comment 1577 (RFC 1577). This document
provides protocols, collectively referred to as Classical IP over ATM,
that introduce the concept of a Logical IP Subnet (LIS) - a group of
ATM nodes, LIS clients, that belong to the same IP subnet.
Within each LIS, a single ATM ARP (ATMARP) resolves ATM
addresses for the LIS clients. As nodes become operational, they
contact their ATMARP server and provide ATM and IP address
information to the ATMARP server. The server maintains a table
containing this information and references it whenever a LIS client
requests IP ARP address resolution. When a LIS client obtains the
ATM address of another client, it can establish direct communication
with the other LIS client using a conventional ATM connection. To
ensure table accuracy and station mobility, the ATMARP server
periodically discards old entries.

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ANA-5910/5930/5940 User’s Guide
LAN Emulation
Clearly, ATM’s connection-oriented approach for communication is
distinctly different from the broadcast-oriented approach traditional
LANs use. ATM LAN Emulation, an industry-standard facility all
Adaptec ATM adapters support, provides necessary mechanisms to
address this requirement.
LAN emulation allows ATM networks to provide all services
available within legacy LAN environments. With LAN emulation,
ATM networks use their facilities to mimic communication
establishment procedures occurring within broadcast-oriented
legacy LANs. Once communication is established, ATM uses
normal ATM connections to exchange messages, usually many times
faster than with legacy LANs. Emulated LANs may consist entirely
of ATM end stations, include transparent bridges that connect exiting
LANs to ATM networks, or both.
ATM LAN Emulation facilities consist of
■LAN Emulation Clients (LECs)
■LAN Emulation Configuration Server (LECS)
■LAN Emulation Server (LES)
■Broadcast and Unknown Server (BUS)
The following sections describe these components.
LAN Emulation Clients (LECs)
A LEC is an internal control VCC within end stations. LECs
communicate with other LAN emulation components and LECs to
establish and provide LAN Emulation services. A LEC wholly
comprises the interface between legacy applications and ATM
networks. Therefore it must support various interfaces such as
NDIS and ODI.
When communicating with another LEC, Data Direct VCCs transport
the data. For outbound data frames, LECs convert the LAN MAC
addresses that legacy LAN applications use into ATM network
addresses and pass the typically large application data frames to the
correct ATM layer (AAL5) for conversion into cells for transmission.
For inbound cells, LECs reverse the process.