AEQ SONATA User manual

AEQ
SONATA
Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
USER’S MANUAL
ED. 02/14
V. 1.2 - 27/03/2014
Firmware Version: V1.12 or higher
Software Version: V1.12.03 or higher

AEQ SONATA
Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................3
1.1. General features. ............................................................................................................... 3
1.2. Functional description of the unit. ...................................................................................... 3
1.2.1. Introduction. ............................................................................................................3
1.2.2. Presets. ................................................................................................................... 4
1.2.3. Audio INPUTS and OUTPUTS. .............................................................................. 4
1.2.3.1. AES-3 Digital inputs and outputs. ............................................................. 4
1.2.3.2. Analog left/right analog inputs and outputs............................................... 5
1.2.3.3. Base-band composite MPX outputs.......................................................... 5
1.2.4. PC interface. ........................................................................................................... 5
1.2.5. Precise audio peak modulation............................................................................... 5
1.3. Specifications. .................................................................................................................... 6
2. INSTALLATION........................................................................................................................7
2.1. Unpacking and inspection of the product........................................................................... 7
2.2. Checking the mains network and supply cable.................................................................. 7
2.3. Physical installation of the unit........................................................................................... 7
2.4. Control elements installation..............................................................................................8
2.4.1 Requirements for the control and configuration PC................................................. 8
2.4.2 Installation of the PC control software. .................................................................... 8
3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIT............................................................................... 9
3.1. Front panel description. ..................................................................................................... 9
3.1.1. Front panel LCD menu description. ........................................................................ 9
3.2. Description of the rear panel and connections. ............................................................... 11
4. PC CONTROL SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION.........................................................................16
4.1. Main screen...................................................................................................................... 16
4.2. INPUT stage screen.........................................................................................................18
4.3. AGC input stage screen................................................................................................... 19
4.4. ENHANCER stage screen. .............................................................................................. 20
4.5. MULTIBAND AGC stage screen...................................................................................... 22
4.6. MULTIBAND LIMITER stage screen. .............................................................................. 23
4.7. HF PROCESS stage screen. ........................................................................................... 24
4.8. MONITOR OUTPUT stage screen................................................................................... 25
4.9. TX OUTPUTS stage screen............................................................................................. 27
4.10. PRESETS screen. ......................................................................................................... 28
4.11. ETHERNET screen........................................................................................................ 29
4.12. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION screen. ............................................................................ 29
4.13. PRESETS SCHEDULE screen...................................................................................... 30
4.14. PASSWORD screen. ..................................................................................................... 31
5. QUICK GUIDE: BASIC AND EFFECTIVE CONFIGURATION..............................................32
6. UPGRADING THE DEVICE’S FIRMWARE. ..........................................................................34
7. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND EQUIPMENT ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS.....37
8. A.E.Q. GUARANTEE..............................................................................................................40

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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1. INTRODUCTION.
1.1. General features.
AEQ arrives to the market of broadcast audio processing with SONATA, a high-end unit with
4+1 bands, developed with the latest available hardware and algorithmic technologies, and with
a performance comparable to the best systems in the world.
It features 20 presets from factory, allowing for the selection of the sonic signature of the station
or channel without requiring almost any adjustments, and another 20 user presets, that allow for
the creation of the most exclusive ones. It includes clock driven preset shift, permitting the
automation of the sound to different program styles.
Factory PRESETS have been specially designed for FM radio transmission, but they can also
be modified by the user in order to cover a wide range of applications. We can supply a more
specific sets of PRESET for TV, AM or Internet on demand.
SONATA audio processor is designed to optimize the station’s audio, allowing the user to model
the sound in a customized way, creating a unique sonic characteristic for the radio, and at the
same time controls audio peaks to maximize loudness, providing a high volume without
surpassing law-limited modulation levels.
The unit is configured locally or through Internet. SONATA comes with a very intuitive software
that allows for the adjustment of the audio processing parameters, as well as the creation of the
audio presets in a very comprehensive way. It graphically represents the unit’s processing
stages and also includes a set of Vumeters to control the effect of each processing stage in the
resulting audio.
1.2. Functional description of the unit.
1.2.1. Introduction.
The unit is fitted with a tactile LCD screen that allows the user to see the VUmeter audio levels
and operation of the compressors and limiters. It also allows for the selection of presets to be
executed and to visualize other basic information regarding the equipment.
SONATA processor is a standalone system. It operates without the need for a PC connected to
it. However, in order to adjust processing parameters, a connection with a PC running the
supplied control software is required.
SONATA can communicate with the computer in two ways: through its USB 2.0 port or the
Ethernet port.
The control software is very intuitive and allows for the adjustment of the audio parameters,
from the computer. Control and reconfiguration of the device from any part of the world is
possible through IP protocol.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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1.2.2. Presets.
There are two types of presets in SONATA: factory presets and user presets.
Factory presets: These are the default values recommended for several kinds of programs and
configuration formats. They are stored in non-volatile RAM and cannot be erased. The default
configuration adjustments can be modified, but from then on they should be saved in another
(user) preset with the desired name. The default set of values remains unchanged.
The equipment is supplied with a factory presets bank and repeated user names, with identical
names and characteristics, so one the desired changes are made, the original name can be
changed and stored as desired in the user presets bank.
User presets: When changes to the factory adjustments are required to adapt the sound to the
installation’s needs, they can be stored in the user presets bank. So, you can start from a
factory preset, make the desired modifications, and store the changed preset in the user presets
bank with another name.
The factory presets remain stored in memory so they can be recovered when required. User
Presets are also stored in non-volatile memory. Changes in presets can only be made from the
control software supplied with the unit.
The front panel touch screen allows the user to shift between different user or factory presets
only, but the individual control parameters of the unit cannot be accessed. This access is
possible through the control software only.
1.2.3. Audio INPUTS and OUTPUTS.
SONATA processor has the following inputs and outputs:
•AES-3 digital input, comprising left and right signals in a single XLR female connector at
the back panel.
•AES-3 digital output, comprising left and right signals in a single XLR male connector at
the back panel.
•Analog left and right inputs, through two XLR female connectors at the back panel.
•Analog left and right outputs, through two XLR male connectors at the back panel.
•2 stereo composite signals MPX1 and MPX2 designed to send the audio to a transmitter.
•1 stereo headphones output with volume control at the front panel.
1.2.3.1. AES-3 Digital inputs and outputs.
Digital inputs and outputs are in conformity with AES-3 professional standard. The input
features sample rate converters – SRC’s, to allow operation at 32 KHz, 44.1 KHz, 48 KHz, 88.2
KHz and 96 KHz. The output of the device is, however, configured to operate at 48 KHz
sampling rate.
The “Inputs” tab in the control software allows for the selection of digital or analog inputs.
However, both analog and digital outputs are always active. Input and output levels can also be
controlled only from the PC control software.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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1.2.3.2. Analog left/right analog inputs and outputs.
Analog left and right inputs come through female XLR connectors at the device’s back panel.
Inputs are balanced and floating, with an impedance higher than 10k. They can admit up to
24dBu level (0dBu=0.775 Vrms).
Analog left and right outputs have XLR male connectors at the back of the unit. They are
balanced, floating, and have a 50source impedance. They can drive load loads of 600and
above, balanced or unbalanced. Max output level is adjustable between +12 dBu and -12 dBu.
Input and output levels are controlled through the PC software application.
1.2.3.3. Base-band composite MPX outputs.
The stereo encoder has two base-band analog and unbalanced outputs on two BNC connectors
at the back panel. Source impedance for each one is 75and the y can drive up to 8 V (peak to
peak) on a 75load in parallel with up to 0.047µF capacitance (equivalent to 30m of RG-59
cable) before noticeable degradation is produced to the audio performance.
The output level can be independently controlled by means of the PC control software under the
TX OUT screen.
1.2.4. PC interface.
There are two USB ports and an Ethernet 100Mbps port for PCs at the back panel of the unit.
These connection ports are required for remote control and transmission of the audio events,
and also to update system’s firmware.
SONATA Audio processor is supplied with a CD containing the control software, to be run on
any PC with Windows XP operating system or later. It requires 800x600 or higher resolution
graphics. USB connection is used for direct communications with the PC running the control
software, while the Ethernet port can be used when we want to control several units with the
same PC, by connecting them to a TCP/IP network, or when the unit needs to be controlled
remotely through Internet.
1.2.5. Precise audio peak modulation.
SONATA audio processor can process signals to be broadcast in FM and applies pre-emphasis
using the standard 25, 50 or 75us curves. This signal, once processed and pre-emphasized,
passes through a strict peak control to avoid over-modulation of the transmitting system in the
station. This way, a high modulation index is achieved but without system overloading and
hence without exceeding the law defined limits. Besides strictly controlling the peaks, the
processor also applies the 15 KHz signal filters, but protecting the 19KHz pilot tone. This way
aliasing distortion is avoided and hence channel separation is not degraded.
In order to protect and preserve the strict control of the peaks, you must observe the following
basic rules concerning the system:
•Avoid the connection of any piece of equipment at the output of the processor and stereo
generator such as equalizers, pre-emphasis and/or de-emphasis networks, line
transformers or filters. These elements usually produce changes in the frequency response
and phase of the signal, ruining the efficient control of the peaks.
•If a pre-emphasis or de-emphasis network exists in the system, it is desirable to disable it
and use the pre-emphasis function inside the audio processor, and configure the unit to
enable it.
•It is highly recommended that the internal stereo generator in the processor is used, as it is
designed to provide max efficiency in the control of the peaks and better channel
separation.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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1.3. Specifications.
General specifications.
•Available for AM, FM, TV and “NET” for Internet broadcast.
•3” LCD Touch screen for VU-meters and preset configuration.
•PC interface via USB or Ethernet ports for adjusting processing parameters.
•Accessible and controllable via IP from anywhere in the world.
•Software updates available for free download via the internet.
•Compatible with any analog (AM & FM) or digital (DAB, HD Radio, IBOC & DRM)
broadcast technology.
Technical Features.
•2-band AGC input. Loud and defined mid-, crisp, bright high- and low frequencies with a
lot of depth and presence.
•Dynamic enhancer for mid, low and high frequencies.
•Stereo enhancer that increases the sense of presence and ambience of the sound.
•4-band compressor with optimized settings.
•5 limiters with a rounded Clipper (valve-effect) independent for each processing band.
Simulating the effect of harmonization of analog processors.
•Independent processing for high frequencies - independent clipper for super high
frequencies.
•Smart final Clipper with IMD masking. Much more gain and minimum audible distortion.
•Converters for input and output L / R with a 24-bit resolution and 96 KHz sampling (256x
oversampling).
•SOFT RELEASE, an innovative feature present only in SONATA (all versions): The
attack and release times of the AGC compressors and limiters are the big secrets of good
audio processors. SONATA has a clever system of controlling these parameters,
providing a very natural sound, without the artefacts generated by conventional systems.
•Stereo analog outputs, AES-3 digital outputs and 2 MPX independent outputs, both
balanced and unbalanced.
•20 factory presets, plus 20 user configurable positions.
•Specialized support for configuration of a customized preset for your station.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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2. INSTALLATION.
IMPORTANT NOTICE:If you already have experience with audio processors and you only
need some quick guidance to install and put the unit to work, you can directly read chapter 5
where some brief instructions are provided. In order to solve doubts and obtain the best
performance from the equipment, please check this chapter as well as 3 and 4.
2.1. Unpacking and inspection of the product.
When unpacking the product, ensure that the following elements are included:
•2 mains supply cables, according to the European and American standards.
•USB cable to connect the device to a computer.
•Coaxial cable to connect the base-band transmitter.
•Set of 4 adhesive legs.
•CD with manuals and control software.
2.2. Checking the mains network and supply cable.
•Mains power supply cable: The unit is provided with two three-pole 1.8m long supply
cables, one with European Schuko plug and another with NEMA 5 type B American
plug. Both of them have IEC female connector in the other end. Please select the one
that is suitable to your geographic region.
•Power supply: The unit features a universal switching power supply and doesn’t need a
range select switch. It accepts mains rated 100-264 VAC, 50-60 Hz, and has a power
consumption of 38 VA.
The power supply features two line filters to remove noises from and to the mains
network.
•Fuses: The unit is provided with two protection fuses that are already installed in the
fuse drawer at the side of the IEC connector in the back panel.
2.3. Physical installation of the unit.
Make sure that the studio installation has a good earth (<3 ohms). The unit’s earth should never
be connected to other device’s earth connection. Each unit needs to have its own earth
connection and all earths must be connected, by means of the mains cable, to a common point
in the earth distribution box.
The unit is supplied with a set of 4 rubber adhesive legs, which must be used when the unit is
installed over a surface such as a desk or other unit. The legs protect the unit against scratches
and also enable proper removal of the heat. Attach the legs to the bottom of the chassis,
previously cleaning the area with a cloth moistured with cleaning alcohol.
When it is installed into a rack, leaving a separation of at least 1 rack unit above and below the
adjacent devices is recommended to achieve proper cooling. Use adequate silicone or plastic
rings to avoid scratches in the front panel. Keep proper earth connection to the rack to reduce
the risk of electric discharges and remove noises. The device is 2 rack units high (89mm /
3.5”).
Try to keep the device in a cooled environment. If this is not possible, ensure that ambient
temperature falls within 0º to 50º limits (32º to 122ºF), and between 10 and 90% relative
humidity, not condensing.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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2.4. Control elements installation.
2.4.1 Requirements for the control and configuration PC.
In order to access the control of the system, a PC running the control and monitoring application
is needed. These are the requirements for that PC:
Hardware configuration:
The minimum configuration is a Pentium 4 @ 900 MHz, 1 GB RAM, 100 MB free hard drive
space, 1 USB 2.0p port and 1 Ethernet port.
Software configuration:
The software can be installed with the following operating systems:
Windows XP, Windows Vista (32 or 64 bits), Windows 7 (32 or 64 bits) or Windows 8 (32 or 64
bits).
2.4.2 Installation of the PC control software.
STEP 1 (only when upgrading): Uninstall the previously installed version of the PC software. If
an old version was previously installed in the machine, remove it with the Windows “Change
and uninstall programs” procedure.
STEP 2: INSTALLING A NEW SOFTWARE VERSION IN THE PC.
Look for the executable file within the SOFTWARE folder in the provided
installation CD. This file has .msi extension:
SONATA_x.xx.xx.msi
Where “x” denote the number of version in three levels (at the time of writing this manual, the
latest software version was SONATA_1.12.03.msi)
Double click on the file name and the installation process will start. The most important screens
during the process are:
We recommend that the user accepts all the default options by clicking on “Next” after each
step and “Close” at the end. The application and a shortcut in the Desktop will be created.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIT.
3.1. Front panel description.
1 - Amplified headphone audio output connector.
Provides both processed and unprocessed audio monitoring. The signal monitored is the same
as the one provided in the analog and/or digital outputs in the back panel. In order to switch
from processed to unprocessed audio, just click on NORMAL or BYPASS (respectively) in the
MONITOR OUTPUTS screen. Minimum recommended impedance for the headphones is 10
ohms.
2 - Headphone output level control.
3 - LCD touch screen display.
3.1.1. Front panel LCD menu description.
• Screen characteristics:
-Type: monochrome graphic screen with white text over blue background. Touch screen
film.
-Resolution: 128 x 64 pixels.
-Size: 3"
-Features: quick access to some device functions such as preset selection and VUmeter
display. Includes an audible confirmation beep that can be disabled.
• Screen display:
After touching the display, the following screens are available:
Device input and output levels display screen:
This screen appears after booting the device, as soon as it is ready to operate.
“IN” input VUmeter: displays the L & R input levels.
CLIP: indicates whether the input level is above the
allowed maximum.
GATE: indicates when the noise suppressor is active
for very low input levels or total absence of input signal.
ANA: indicates that analog input is active.
DIG: indicates that digital input is active.
“OUT” output VUmeter: displays L & R output levels.
“MPX” output VUmeter: displays the MPX output levels.
Input and multi band AGC operation screen:
AGC: shows the amount of gain reduction applied by the
AGC in the frequency bands it operates on: L (lows) and
H (highs & mid-highs).
HOLD: appears when the gain controls in the AGC are
held.
HR (HOLD RELEASE): shows when the Hold Release
algorithm is operating.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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MULT: shows the amount of gain reduction applied to each of the 4 frequency bands this
stage operates on. HOLD and HOLD release LEDs operate in the same way as described for
the AGC stage.
Clippers and Limiters operation screen:
Limiters: shows the amount of gain reduction applied to
the signal by the peak limiter, operating in 4 different
frequency bands.
CLIP: LEDs indicating when the clip algorithm is acting
on each frequency band of the LIMITERs stage.
HF: shows the operation of the high-frequency limiter
(pre-emphasized signal). Acts as a “fifth band” of the
LIMITERS stage.
CLIPPER: shows the operation of the final peak limiters.
LR: L & R output clipper level indicator.
TX: TX output clipper level indicator.
PRESET selection screen:
NOW: currently in use PRESET.
NEW: ready to start PRESET after pressing OK key.
Up and Down keys: used to navigate between the factory
and user presets.
OK: when pressing the OK key the Preset already
selected in the NEW field will be copied to the NOW field
and be active.
ESC: after selecting the desired Preset, the ESC key allows us to exit the Preset selection
screen.
Preset access Password set screen:
Up keys: use these keys to enter the desired password.
ESC: used to exit the Password set screen.
OK: this key is used to confirm the entered password.
Equipment’s main status:
PRESET: shows the active preset that is currently
running in the device.
REMOTE: indicates whether the device is connected to
the PC remote control software.
NOTE: when a device is being controlled by means of a
PC, this screen will remain fixed in the panel. The user is
not able then to access other screens by touching the
display. The press function is only active when the unit is disconnected from the control
software.
VERSION: displays the unit’s firmware version.
SERIAL: displays the unit’s serial number.
IP: shows the IP set for the unit.
Port: indicates which IP port is being used to access the device through the network.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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3.2. Description of the rear panel and connections.
1. Mains supply input: this connector is used to plug the IEC mains cable. The unit can
operate from AC mains from 90 to 240V.
2. Fuse holder: the unit is supplied with 2 fuses; one is in use while other one is provided as a
spare in case of main fuse failure.
We suggest that the spare fuse is immediately replaced when it is used due to failure of the
main one, so there are always two fuses in the holder.
Fuse ratings: 2A / 250V.
3. ON / OFF switch: turns the unit’s power supply ON or OFF.
4. USB connector: connects to a PC through a USB 2.0 / 480Mbps interface, using a B-type
female plug.
A 1,8m long USB cable is supplied with the unit, with an A-type connector for the PC side
and a B-type one for the SONATA side. Max recommended distance for the USB
connection is 5 meters.
5. RJ45 connector for Ethernet: female RJ45, 10/100Mbps, using a CAT5 or compatible
cable. Native 100Mbps speed. It is used for connection to the remote PC using an Ethernet
switch or crossover cable for direct connections. It is also compatible with ASCII PPP
connection. TCP/IP protocol.
6. Reset button: used during the manual system upgrade procedure.
Never press this button during “ON-AIR” operation. It should only be used to update the
system manually as described in the corresponding section of this manual.
If the button is unadvertedly pressed, the internal device memory will be erased, preventing
it from operating so the station will go “OFF-AIR”.
7. Left Analog Audio Input: balanced, XLR female connector, used to receive the left
channel of analog audio input from the mixing console. Its input impedance is 10K
balanced, with adjustable nominal input level, by means of the PC control software
(INPUTS screen). The input impedance can also be changed to 600by means of internal
jumpers.
Changing the input impedance is not recommended. Please contact your authorized dealer
or, directly, AEQ Technical Services if necessary.
It is strongly recommended to use good quality, balanced, mesh or aluminum foil screened
cable, with a minimum screening of 90% to ensure that no degradation of the audio is
produced.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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Never install other units such as equalizers, compressors, limiters, noise gates, echo
generators, etc. between the mixing console and the audio processor. SONATA system can
perform all these functions and the insertion of any of them can disturb its proper operation
and cause a degradation of your sound quality.
Analog inputs main technical characteristics:
Configuration: analog input configuration can be accessed from the PC control software by
means of the INPUS screen.
Available operation modes: Stereo / Mono L+R / Mono L / Mono R.
Filter: Selectable High-pass filter: DC block / 30 to 60 Hz. (“quasi-elliptic” topology, 5th
order).
Impedance: >10K, electronically balanced. Internal jumper provided to change
impedance to 600.
Nominal input level: Software configurable: 28dB control range, operating level: +4 dBu.
Level can be read by means of a digital VU meter in the PC control software.
Maximum input level: + 22 dBu.
A/D converter: 24 bits / 96 kHz / 256x over sampling with RFI filtering.
Connectors: EMI suppressed XLR female.
Pin 1 = ground.
Pin 2 = (+) hot.
Pin 3 = (-) cold.
8. Right Analog Audio Input: balanced, XLR female connector, used to receive the right
channel of analog audio input from the mixing console. It has the same technical and
functional features as the left input.
9. Left Analog Audio Output: balanced, XLR male connector. Analog output that can be
processed or used as a bypass signal. In bypass mode the audio input is directly sent to the
output without any processing, so these outputs are simple mirrors of the inputs, allowing
only the basic adjustments (gains and operating mode settings: Mono, Stereo, Mono L,
etc.). These adjustments are made through the PC control software, within the MONITOR
OUTPUTS screen.
Output impedance is about 50 and it can drive a minimum load of 600. The nominal
level can be adjusted in the same control software screen. This output is commonly used for
the sending of processed audio for an Internet Radio stream, a satellite uplink, IP coders or
studio monitors, among other possibilities. As there is a set of configurable parameters for
this output, independent of the base-band outputs configuration (MPX1 and MPX2), we can
use it for different applications.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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Analog outputs main technical characteristics:
Configuration: analog output configuration can be accessed from the PC control software
by means of the OUTPUT MONITOR screen.
Available operation modes:
•Stereo (L - R / L + R) / Mono L / Mono R / Mono L + R.
•Processed mode with pre-emphasis.
•Processed mode with pre-emphasis and de-emphasis - For a better control of the
high frequency peaks. It is used when pre-emphasis is applied again after the
processor, for example, by an external stereo generator.
•Bypass mode: output is directly connected to the input, without processing, featuring
a flat response.
Impedance: source impedance: 50, electronically balanced, with DC servo. Minimum
acceptable load impedance: 600or higher (balanced or unbalanced).
Output level: adjustable between -11 dBu and +11dBu with 100% modulation index, with a
600or higher load impedance.
Signal to noise Ratio (SNR): >90 dB, unweighted (Bypass mode, with 75µs de-emphasis,
20 Hz-15 KHz BW, for 100% modulation index. Crosstalk: <-70 dB, 20 Hz - 15 KHz.
Harmonic Distortion: <0:01 % THD (Bypass mode, with 75µS de-emphasis 20 Hz-15
kHz).
D/A converter: 24 bits / 96 kHz / 256x over sampling with RFI filtering.
Connectors: XLR male with EMI suppression.
Pin 1: ground / Pin 2: (+) hot / Pin 3: (-) cold.
10. Right Analog Audio Output: balanced, XLR male connector. It has the same technical
features and configuration modes as the left outpput.
11. MPX1 (MPX BAL) base-band output: BNC female connector: base-band output with
signal processing and stereo generation for the transmission of FM stereo signals.
Each output can support a 75load impedance with up to 0.047µF parallel capacitance
without noticeable degradation in the channel separation, but operation in those extreme
conditions is not recommended. It is desirable that the input impedance of the
modulator/exciter is not lower than 1 kin order to obtain a higher precision in the
amplitude and phase response of the MPX signal traveling along the coax cable, and this
way preserve the best possible channel separation in the system. If the input impedance of
your transmitter exciter can be selected, please make sure that it is configured with high
input impedance.

AEQ SONATA
Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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Use RG58/U or RG 59/U coaxial cable with BNC male ending in order to connect this output
to the transmitter modulator input. Its length should be as short as possible in order to
minimize the channel separation degradation. 2m is ideal, but it should never exceed 30
meters. A 60 cm-long cable is supplied with the unit.
Only the MPX1 output can be configured to generate a sample 19 KHz pilot tone used as a
reference for the RDS / RBDS coding. It also has other configurable characteristics.
MPX outputs main technical characteristics:
MPX outputs configuration can be performed by means of the PC control software within
the TX OUTPUTS screen. The level of both outputs can be individually set.
MPX1 output: Unbalanced, ground connected to chassis earth. Electronically buffered in
order to support low impedances and long wires without channel separation degradation.
This output can also be configured to provide a 19kHz pilot tone for external
synchronization.
MPX2 output: Unbalanced, ground connected to chassis earth. Electronically buffered in
order to support low impedances and long wires without channel separation degradation.
This output can NOT be configured to provide a 19 KHz pilot tone for external
synchronization as it only contains the coded signal to feed the transmitter or link.
Source impedance: Low impedance, close to 0.
Load impedance: >= 75, 1 kor higher is, however, recommended.
Maximum output level: 11 dBu (8.75 Vpp), for an input impedance >600: resolution: 0.1
dB.
Minimum output level: -11 dBu (0.67 Vpp), for an input impedance >600: resolution: 0.1
dB.
Pilot tone level: software adjustable from 5% to 15%, referred to 100% modulation index.
Pilot tone stability: 19 kHz , ± 0.5 Hz (10 to 40°C).
D/A converter: 24 bits / 192 KHz / 128x over sampling with RFI filtering.
Signal to Noise ratio (SNR): >= 85 dB, unweighted (Bypass mode, 75µs pre-emphasis, 20
Hz - 15 kHz, referenced to 100% modulation index).
Stereo separation: >= 60 dB, 50 Hz - 15 kHz at 100 % modulation index = max +4 dBu
output level (3.5Vpp).
Linear crosstalk: <-80 dB, measured from the main channel related with the sub channel
(38 KHz modulated channel) or vice-versa (measured with 100% modulation index).

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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12. MPX2 (MPX UNBAL) base band output: female BNC connector: as MPX1, it is a base-
band processed output with stereo generation and independently adjustable levels
designed to feed a backup transmitter or to feed the main transmitter while MPX1 is used to
generate RDS / RBDS synchronization tone.
13. Digital stereo audio input: AES-3 standard XLR female connector. This input operates in
the digital domain, and supports two channels (left - right) in a single XLR connector. The
protocol used is according to AES-3 professional standard. Features a sample rate
converter to enable operation at 32 kHz, 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz and 96 kHz,
with 24 bit resolution.
For digital audio inputs, it is strongly recommended to use good quality balanced cables,
shielded with mesh or aluminum foil, featuring a minimum of 90% screening in order to
avoid degradations in the sound quality.
The AES3 protocol in each digital input or output admits stereo, left + right signals. The line
impedance must be 110, balanced. This standard specified a maximum cable length of
100m. If conventional cables are used, the max recommended distance is 5 meters or less.
For longer distances, balanced, 110impedance cables (such as AEQ PA 03D, Belden
1800B, 1801B (plenum), or multipair like AEQ MS-xxD or Belden 180xF, 185xF and 78xxA)
are required.
AES3id is better for long distances (up to 1000 meters). This AES3id standard specifies the
transport of the signals on unbalanced 75coaxial cable with BNC termination. When
transporting long distance digital signals on coax cable, a balun 110/75transformer is
required to adapt the AES3id signal to the unit’s digital input or output.
Digital inputs main technical characteristics:
Configuration: the level adjustments and operating mode selection can be performed from
the control software, within the INPUTS screen. The digital input can operate in these
modes: Stereo / Mono L + R / Mono L / Mono R.
Filter: high pass filter, selectable between DC block / 30 to 60 Hz. (“quasi-elliptic” topology,
5th order).
Sample rate: 32, 44.1, 44, 88.1, 96 kHz, automatically selected.
Connectors: EMI-suppressed female XLR. 110characteristic impedance.
Pin 1 = ground.
Pin 2 = (+) balanced and transformer isolated input.
Pin 3 = (-) balanced and transformer isolated input.
Nominal input level: software adjustable: -20dBFS to 0dBFS. Level readable by means of
Vumeter.
14. Digital stereo audio output: AES-3 standard, XLR female connector. Identical to input. 48
kHz / 24 bits.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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4. PC CONTROL SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION.
In order to access the configuration program, just click on Start ÆAll Programs Æ
AEQ ÆSONATA FM Vx.xx.xx, or click on the SONATA FM icon in the desktop or,
alternatively, in the recent applications list in the Start menu.
4.1. Main screen.
The main screen appears when the program is open:
Access to the INPUTS stage configuration screen (see section 4.2).
Access to the AGC input stage configuration screen (see section 4.3).
Access to the ENHANCER stage configuration screen (see section 4.4).
Access to the MULTIBAND AGC stage configuration screen (see section 4.5).
Access to the MULTIBAND LIMITER stage configuration screen (see section 4.6).
Access to the HF PROCESS stage configuration screen (see section 4.7).
Access to the MONITOR OUTPUT stage configuration screen (see section 4.8).
Access to the TX OUTPUTS stage configuration screen (see section 4.9).

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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Access to the PRESETS stage configuration screen (see section 4.10).
Access to the ETHERNET stage configuration screen (see section 4.11).
Access to the SYSTEM configuration screen (see section 4.12).
Access to the SCHEDULE PRESETS configuration screen (see section 4.13).
Inputs display.
•L & R Vumeters: corresponding to the L and R vumeters, either analog or digital
(depends on the configuration).
•OVER LED: indicates that signal is being input at a level above the maximum allowed.
GATE LED: indicates that a gating situation has been produced (depends on the
configuration).
•ANALOG and DIGITAL LEDs: indicate which kind of signal is being processed
(depends on the configuration).
AGC stage display.
•LOW & HIGH Vumeters: correspond to LOW and HIGH AGC processing stages.
•CR LED: indicates that a BAND CORRELATION situation has occurred in the
corresponding stage.
•SOFT LED: indicates that a SOFT HOLD situation has occurred in that stage.
•HOLD LED: indicates that a HOLD situation has taken place in that stage.
MULTBAND AGC stage display.
•LOW, ML, MH & HIGH Vumeters: correspond to the LOW, MID LOW, MID HIGH and
HIGH bands of the MULTIBAND AGC stage.
•CR LED: indicates that a BAND CORRELATION situation has occurred in the
corresponding stage.
•SOFT LED: indicates that a SOFT HOLD situation has occurred in that stage.
•HOLD LED: indicates that a HOLD situation has taken place in that stage.
MULTIBAND LIMITER stage display.
•LOW, ML, MH & HIGH Vumeters: correspond to the LOW, MID LOW, MID HIGH and
HIGH bands of the MULTIBAND LIMITER stage. The yellow indicators display the
amount of instantaneous clipping applied to the signal. The green indicator indicates the
limiter gain.
•MULTIBAND CLIPPER LEDs: indicate that a clipping situation has occurred in the
corresponding band.
HF PROCESS stage display.
•LIMITER: displays the operation of the HF limiter.
MONITOR OUTPUTS stage display.
•1/L, 2/R: displays the signal level at the stereo outputs 1-2 (L-R).
•CLIP: instantaneous signal level and overmodulation limiter operation.
TX OUTPUTS stage display.
•TOTAL: represents the modulation index of the signal being sent to the transmitter.
•CLIP: Instantaneous signal level and overmodulation limiter operation.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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Access to system information: serial number, manufacturing date, versions and MAC
address.
Access to AEQ website.
Device password management (see section 4.14).
PRESET: displays the PRESET that is currently active.
4.2. INPUT stage screen (also called GATE screen).
This screen is the processor Input stage, it provides a work area for treatment and adjustment
of the signal from the mixer and the subsequent delivery to processing stages of the unit. It
provides several types of filters for noise suppression, phase inverter for maximizing
asymmetrical signals (voice, for example), a gate to eliminate residual noise and level controls
for analog and digital input. The inputs can be assigned to: Stereo, Mono L+R, Mono Lor Mono R.
Description of the elements in the screen:
“HOME”navigation button: Allows you to return to the main screen.
1. ANALOG INPUT GAIN: Adjustment and display of the analog audio input level. Allows for
the adjustment of the signal level of the analog input to the processor. L and R vumeters
represent the level of these signals.
2. ANALOG INPUT MODE: Analog audio input format selector. Allows the user to select
whether the input to process is stereo, mono, or only one of the channels, L or R, is to be
processed.
3. BALANCE: Adjust the balance between both signal channels, no matter which input
(analog or digital) is being used.
4. HIGH PASS FILTER: Enables the high pass filter, blocking frequencies below the selected
value.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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5. LOW PASS FILTER: Enables the low-pass filter, blocking signals above the selected value.
6. PHASE ROTATOR FILTER (VOICE): Eliminates the DC components that are contained in
asymmetric signals. This is used to render symmetry to voice signals.
7. IDLE SPEED: The velocity that the AGCs (Automatic Gain Controls) return to the point of
IDLE when no audio is present at the equipment input.
8. IDLE ATTENUATION: Determines the level of attenuation of the AGCs when no audio is
present at the equipment input.
9. INPUT SELECTOR: Analog or Digital (AES/EBU) input selector.
10. DIGITAL INPUT GAIN: Adjustment and display of the digital (AES/EBU) audio input level.
Allows for the adjustment of the signal level of the digital (AES/EBU) input to the processor.
L and R vumeters represent the level of this signal.
11. DIGITAL INPUT MODE Digital audio input format selector. Allows the user to select
whether the input to process is stereo, mono, or only one of the channels, L or R, is to be
processed.
“AGC“navigation button: Takes us to the AGC screen, next one in the signal flow.
4.3. AGC input stage screen.
This stage is an AGC Leveler that controls the level from the mixer and adjusts it for the
subsequent processing stages of the system. Mistakes made by the operator using the ain
controls on the mixer will be corrected by the AGC.
This stage is divided into two bands for processing separated from mid/high and low
frequencies. This allows for more precise control of the signal being delivered to the Multiband
AGC and resulting in higher and better definition of the low and high frequencies compared to a
broadband AGC.
This software screen allows you to control the attack and release time, the knee point of the
compressor, band gain, crossover cut-off frequency and control functions such as compressors
hold / soft release. It is also possible to adjust the crossover frequency between the processing
bands.
Description of the elements in the screen:
“HOME”navigation button: Allows you to return to the main screen.
“GATE”navigation button: Takes us to the INPUT (GATE) screen, the previous stage in the
signal flow.

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Digital Broadcast Audio Processor
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1. AGC HIGH ATTACK: AGC attack time applied to in the band of medium and high
frequencies.
2. AGC HIGH RELEASE: AGC release time applied to in the band of medium and high
frequencies.
3. AGC HIGH THRESHOLD: Point from where the AGC will be applied to in the band of
medium and high frequencies. There is a Vumeter indicating the AGC operation in the mid-
high frequency bands next to this adjustment.
4. AGC HIGH DRIVE: AGC Output gain applied to the band of medium and high frequencies.
Vumeter showing the level provided by the high frequency band.
5. FREQUENCY SELECT: Adjustment of the crossover frequency between the low frequency
band and the mid to high frequencies.
6. BAND CORRELACTION: Adjustment of the correlation for the AGCs gain between the low
and mid to high frequency bands.
7. HOLD WINDOW: Adjustment of the margin of the interval for analysis. Hold will halt the
application of AGC for the moments of pause and low level of the programming.
8. HOLD TIME: The maximum time that the AGCs will be stationary during a pause or a very
harsh variance in level of a program.
9. AGC HOLD: Enables the HOLD function.
10. AGC SOFT: Enables the SOFT function for the AGCs. The SOFT function softens the
control signal of the AGCs resulting in that they act more transparently. This is indicated
when you wish to achieve a softer and more dynamic processing.
11. AGC LOW ATTACK: AGC attack time applied to in the band of low frequencies.
12. AGC LOW RELEASE: AGC release time applied to in the band of low frequencies.
13. AGC LOW THRESHOLD: Point from where the AGC will be applied to in the band of low
frequencies. There is a Vumeter indicating the AGC operation in the low frequency band
next to this adjustment.
14. AGC LOW DRIVE: AGC Output gain applied to the low frequency band. Vumeter showing
the level provided by the low frequency band.
15. AGC BYPASS: Disables the AGC stage in the signal processing path.
16. AGC NORMAL: Enables the AGC stage in the signal processing path.
“EFX“navigation button: Takes us to the ENHANCER - EFX screen, next one in the signal
flow.
4.4. ENHANCER stage screen.
The ENHANCER stage is used to artistically customize the audio in order to create a unique
sonic signature for the station. With this tool, you can show details of the audio through its four
processing stages:
oBASS PUNCH: Enhances and recreates the deep bass audio body of music with little
"punch".
oPRESENCE: Shows the medium-low and mid by adding volume, body and loudness.
oBRIGHTNESS: Enhances the high frequencies delivering more brightness and definition to
the sound.
oSTEREO EXPANDER: Function to enhance the effects of a stereo recording, providing a
more open and defined stereo sound on air.
The operation of ENHANCER is dynamic and its performance varies depending on several
parameters. Its performance is different from a fixed gain equalizer that is applied for a
frequency regardless of the input signal. The ENHANCER analyzes the input level and
automatically applies the necessary effect to present or not the sound at the right time.