Amtrol WELL-X-TROL WELL-X1 Installation instructions

READ CAREFULLY THE PRODUCT
INSTALLATION & OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS.
FAILURE TO FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS IN THE
MANUAL MAY RESULT IN SERIOUS OR FATAL INJURY AND/OR
PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND WILL VOID THE PRODUCT WARRANTY.
THIS PRODUCT MUST BE INSTALLED BY A LICENSED
PROFESSIONAL. FOLLOW ALL APPLICABLE LOCAL AND STATE
CODES AND REGULATIONS, IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH CODES,
FOLLOW THE CURRENT EDITIONS OF THE NATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE AND NATIONAL ELECTRIC CODE, AS APPLICABLE.
EXPLOSION HAZARD. Failure to follow the
instructions in the accompanying product manual
can cause a rupture or explosion; possibly causing serious or fatal injury,
leaking or flooding and/or property damage.
Use only with potable water system. Do not operate
in a setting with freezing temperatures or where the
temperature can exceed 130°F and do not exceed the maximum working
pressure specified for this Product in the Manual. Mount vertically only.
Chlorine & Aggressive Water: The water quality
can significantly influence the life of this Product.
You should test for corrosive elements, acidity, total solids and other
relevant contaminants, including chlorine and treat your water appropriately
to insure satisfactory performance and prevent premature failure.
This Product, like most Products under pressure,
may over time corrode. weaken and burst or explode,
causing serious or fatal injury, leaking or flooding and/or property damage.
To minimize risk, a licensed professional must install and periodically
inspect and service the Product. A drip pan connected to an adequate
drain must be installed if leaking or flooding could cause property damage.
Do not locate in an area where leakage of the tank or connections could
cause property damage to the area adjacent to the appliance or to lower
floors of the structure.
EXPLOSION OR RUPTURE HAZARD A relief valve
must be installed to prevent pressure in excess of
local code requirement or maximum working pressure designated in the
Product Manual, whichever is less. Do not expose Product to freezing
temperatures or temperatures in excess of 130° F. Do not adjust the
pre-charge or re-pressure this Product except for any adjustments
required at the time of initial installation, especially if Product corroded,
damaged or with diminished integrity. Adjustments to pre-charge must
be done at ambient temperature only. Failure to properly size the
Product or follow these instructions may result in excessive strain on the
system lead to Product failure, serious or fatal personal injury, leakage
and/or property damage.
This product can expose you to chemicals including
lead, which is known to the State of California to
cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more
information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
NOTE: Inspect for shipping damage and notify freight carrier or store where purchased immediately if damage is present. To avoid risk of personal
injury and property damage, if the product appears to be malfunctioning or shows signs of corrosion, call a licensed professional immediately. Current
copies of the Product manual can be viewed at www.amtrol.com. Use proper safety equipment when installing.
THIS IS THE SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL. IT IS USED TO ALERT YOU TO POTENTIAL PERSONAL INJURY AND OTHER
HAZARDS. OBEY ALL SAFETY MESSAGES THAT FOLLOW THIS SYMBOL TO REDUCE THE RISK OF PERSONAL
INJURY AS WELL AS PROPERTY DAMAGE.
WELL-X-TROL®WELL-X1®
WITH GUARIAN CP®CONTROL
INSTALLATION & OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS

2
DANGER! EXPLOSION HAZARD. WHEN THE
WELL TANK HAS BEEN IN SERVICE AND A
CHANGE TO A HIGHER PRE-CHARGE PRESSURE IS NECESSARY
DUE TO A REQUIRED CHANGE IN THE PRESSURE SWITCH
SETTING, FAILURE TO FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS BELOW CAN
CAUSE A RUPTURE OR EXPLOSION, POSSIBLY CAUSING SERIOUS
OR FATAL PERSONAL INJURY, AND/OR PROPERTY DAMAGE.
• DO NOT ADJUST OR ADD PRESSURE IF THERE HAS BEEN A
LOSS OF AIR.
• DO NOT ADJUST THE PRE-CHARGE PRESSURE IF THERE IS
VISIBLE EXTERIOR CORROSION.
• DO NOT ADJUST THE PRE-CHARGE PRESSURE IF THERE HAS
BEEN A REDUCTION OF THE PUMP CYCLE TIME OR THE PRE-
CHARGE PRESSURE COMPARED TO ITS INITIAL SETTING.
THIS IS BECAUSE REDUCTION IN PUMP CYCLE TIME CAN
RESULT FROM LOSS OF TANK AIR PRESSURE WHICH IN
TURN CAN MEAN THERE MAY BE INTERNAL CORROSION AND
ANY RE-PRESSURIZATION OR ADDITIONAL PRESSURE COULD
RESULT IN RUPTURE OR EXPLOSION.
MAXIMUM WORKING PRESSURES. Every Well-X-Trol
is air tested to 150 psig, the maximum working
pressure for the Well-X-Trol line.
RELIEF VALVE REQUIRED. A relief valve should
be installed which is set to open at excessive
pressures (100 psig or more). This will protect the Well-X-Trol and other
system components should the pressure switch malfunction and fail to
shut the pump off. The relief valve should be installed at the connection
of the Well-X-Trol to the system piping and have a discharge equal to
the pump’s capacity at 100 psig.
AS IN ALL PLUMBING PRODUCTS AND WATER
STORAGE VESSELS, BACTERIA CAN GROW IN
YOUR WELL TANK, ESPECIALLY DURING TIMES OF NON-USE.
CONSULT YOUR LOCAL PLUMBING OFFICIAL REGARDING ANY
STEPS YOU MAY WISH TO TAKE TO SAFELY DISINFECT YOUR
HOME’S PLUMBING SYSTEM.
The pump controller is not a disconnect. The pump
may be activated at any time. The electrical system
must be considered energized at all times unless the circuit breaker is
open. The disconnect for the controller must break all incoming power
lines. As with a mechanical pressure switch, when installed with three wire
230 vac pumps or any 3-phase pump, a standard pump motor starter or a
relay must be used.
A water test must be taken before installation of any
water treatment equipment.
DANGER! EXPLOSION HAZARD. IF YOU
ADJUST THE PRE-CHARGE PRESSURE OR ADD
PRESSURE TO A TANK THAT IS CORRODED OR DAMAGED OR
WITH DIMINISHED INTEGRITY THE TANK CAN BURST OR EXPLODE,
POSSIBLY CAUSING SERIOUS OR FATAL PERSONAL INJURY AND/
OR PROPERTY DAMAGE.
• ONLY ADJUST THE PRE-CHARGE AS DESCRIBED IN THIS
MANUAL WHEN THE TANK IS NEW OR WHEN THE INTEGRITY OF
THE TANK AND LACK OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL CORROSION
IS CONFIRMED.
• ONLY LICENSED PROFESSIONALS SHOULD CHECK, ADJUST
OR RE-CHARGE THE PRE-CHARGE OF TANKS.
For your safety, the information in this manual must
be followed to minimize the risk of electric shock,
property damage or personal injury.
• Properly ground to conform with all governing codes and ordinances.
Do not install in direct sunlight. Excessive sun heat
may cause distortion or other damage to non-
metallic parts.
Use only lead-free solder and flux for all sweat-
solder connections, as required by state and
federal codes.
Maximum allowable inlet water pressure is 125
psig. If daytime pressure is over 80 psig, nighttime
pressure may exceed the maximum. Use a pressure-reducing valve to
reduce the flow if necessary.
ELECTROCUTION AND EXPLOSION HAZARD.
before work is performed on the tank, turn off the
power to the pump and release all water pressure in the tank and
pumping system.
This control is capable of running pumps to pressures
that may exceed the limitations of system
components. Never set the operation pressure higher than that of the safe
system capacity.
This control can be adjusted to a narrow pressure
differential. This can cause the pump to cycle rapidly
with an improperly sized tank, leading to pump damage. This may require
a larger pressure tank than normally used.
PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY
IMPORTANT GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION -
ADDITIONAL SPECIFIC SAFETY ALERTS APPEAR IN THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS.

3
CONTROL AIR CHARGING
VALVE
TANK
TUBING
DRAIN
COMPONENTS
SIZING
1. STANDARD OPERATION: 20 PSI DIFFERENTIAL 2. CONSTANT PRESSURE MODE: 10 PSI DIFFERENTIAL
The Well-X1®functions like a traditional pressure switch by cycling the pump on and off. The factory pressure settings are
40 psi cut-in and 60 psi cut-out. The controller allows these settings to be adjusted to best suit the application. The Well-X1
can operate in two primary modes:
LOCATION
The Well-X1 is designed for indoor and outdoor installations.
If installed outdoors:
• Do not install where ambient temperatures can drop
below freezing or exceed 130° F.
• Use water-tight wiring conduit, wire nuts and
conduit connections as dictated by applicable codes
and ordinances.
• Protect the piping from mechanical damage.
• Install the relief valve blow down tube where venting
water will not cause personal injury or damage the
surrounding property.
• Drip Pan and Drain: To avoid leaking and/or property
damage, install with a drip pan connected to an adequate
working drain kept clear at all times.
ORIENTATION
Ensure the installation meets all applicable local codes
and is installed by a licensed professional. Additionally, the
following should be noted.
• This unit is designed for vertical installation above ground
only. Do not install horizontally or directly bury the unit.
The Well-X1 may be installed below grade in a well pit or
other suitable enclosure. Do not locate in an area where
leaking or ooding could cause property damage to
surrounding areas.
• Check codes to determine if there are any height
requirements pertaining to the Well-X1. Particularly,
ensure the bottom drain meets these requirements.
If restrictions are imposed on the proximity of drain
connections to the oor, the unit may be elevated on
blocks or the bottom drain tube can be removed and
plugged, after which a sampling tap may be installed in
the water lines near the top of the Well-X1.
WELL-X1 SELECTION FOR CONSTANT PRESSURE
Control Setting (cut-in/cut-out) (psi)
40/50 50/60 60/70 70/80
PUMP GPM
4WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250
5WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250
7WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-251 WX1-251
10 WX1-251 WX1-251 WX1-302 WX1-302
12 WX1-251 WX1-302 WX1-302 WX1-302
15 WX1-302 WX1-302 - -
WELL-X1 SELECTION FOR STANDARD SYSTEMS
Control Setting (cut-in/cut-out) (psi)
30/50 40/60 50/70 60/80
PUMP GPM
4WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250
5WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250
7WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250
10 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-251
12 WX1-250 WX1-250 WX1-251 WX1-251
15 WX1-251 WX1-251 WX1-302 WX1-302
18 WX1-251 WX1-302 WX1-302 WX1-302
20 WX1-302 WX1-302 WX1-302 -
PRE-INSTALLATION
COVER
RELIEF VALVE
GUARDIAN CP™
CONTROL WITH
NEMA3 ENCLOSURE
WATER
CONNECTIONS(2)

4
INSTALLATION - PLUMBING
1. Plumbing connections are similar to a traditional tank
cross or tank tee. Provisions are made for popular
line sizes via a 1-1/4" NPT male outer thread and a 1"
NPT female inner thread. The plumbing connections
are not directional and allow ow from either side.
When attaching valves or ttings, uses the wrench
ats provided.
EXPLOSION HAZARD. Failure to
follow these instructions can cause a
rupture or explosion possibly causing serious or fatal
injury, ooding, and/or property damage.
2. Install the supply piping from the well pump. If required,
install a spring-loaded check valve. Install a shutoff
(service) valve on the outgoing line. This will allow the
Well-X1®to be tested prior to pressurizing the entire
system. DO NOT place a shutoff on the incoming
supply line.
NOTE: The relief valve is sized for a maximum ow
rate of 10 gpm at 125 psi. If the pump installation
allows higher ow rates, an additional relief valve must
be installed.
3. Connect the water line from the well pump to the inlet of
the Well-X1. Plumb the outgoing supply to the building’s
water supply system or into the water treatment
equipment (if present).
4. Install a blow down tube from the relief valve to a drain or
to within 6" of the oor as required by local codes.
A drip pan connected to an adequate
drain must be installed if leaking or
ooding could cause property damage.
WATER
CONNECTIONS
CHECK
VALVE
SHUT
OFF
TO
SYSTEM
FROM
WELL
RELIEF
VALVE
BLOWDOWN
TUBE
6”

5
INSTALLATION - WIRING
1. Shut off the circuit breaker for the well system. Loosen
the silver screw on top of the control and remove cover
to expose the control wires.
Electrocution hazard. For your
safety, the information in this manual
must be followed to minimize the risk of electric shock,
property damage or personal injury. Properly ground
to conform with all governing codes and ordinances.
2. The 12 gauge wire leads are pre-stripped and ready
to accept standard wire nuts. Each wire is color
coded to correspond with the diagram below. Use
water tight conduit, connections, and wire nuts for an
outside application.
3. Wiring is similar to a traditional mechanical pressure
switch. Two leads are connected to line supply, while
the other supply the pump motor or starter. Wire the
control to the line supply and pump motor or pump
starter as required by the manufacturer's instructions.
It is recommended that service switch be installed in
addition to the circuit breaker. The disconnect for the
controller must break all incoming power lines. This
should interrupt line voltage and be installed near the
Well-X1®and labeled appropriately.
4. After completing the wiring, reattach top cover and
tighten screw. Ensure no loose wires protrude from
the control.
LINE
LINE
MOTOR MOTOR
BLACK
WHITE/STRIPE
BLUE
WHITE
SCREW

6
STARTUP
1. After plumbing and wiring are complete, close the service
valve to allow startup without pressurizing the entire
plumbing system. If a service valve was not installed,
close all xtures in the home. Ensure the bottom drain
is closed.
2. Restore power to the Well-X1®by turning on the breaker
and electrical service switch (if installed). The display
will illuminate.
3. The display will read "88" to test the display illumination,
then a number identifying the control type (i.e. 15). This
number is for factory use and may vary by model and
manufacture date.
4. After a slight pause, the pump will start and the system
pressure will be displayed. This number will increase as
the pump runs and the tank lls.
Note: Some jet pumps may be difcult to prime, resulting
in the low water cut-off activating if pressure will not build
above 10 psig. Depressing the s arrow will temporarily
override the low water cut-off to allow proper priming.
5 The factory cut-out (pump off) setting is 60 psig.
When the pump reaches 60 psig, the Well-X1 will
shut the pump off. Check the plumbing for leaks and
repair before continuing. If during startup the cut-
out setting of 60 psig cannot be reached, read the
adjustment instructions to lower the cut-out within the
pump’s capability.
6. Slowly open the service valve to allow the system to
pressurize. The pressure may drop slightly during this
process. After the valve is fully open, open the xture
closest to the Well-X1 to begin drawing water from
the tank.
7. When the system reaches the factory cut-in (pump on)
setting of 40 psig, the pump will start. Like a traditional
mechanical switch, the pressure will begin to rise,
repeating the cycle. If desired, the Well-X1 settings can
now be adjusted as shown.
DISPLAY
TO
SYSTEM
FROM
WELL
CLOSE
SERVICE
VALVE
OPEN CLOSEST
FIXTURE TO
DRAW WATER
OPEN SERVICE VALVE
TO PRESSURIZE SYSTEM

7
1. Find the Maximum Acceptance for the installed
Well-X1 model.
2. Ensure the desired operating range does not exceed
that model’s Maximum Acceptance.
3. To enter the programming mode, press and hold the
■button until LO appears. This is the cut-in setting.
Factory default will be 40 psi.
4. Use the s and t arrows to raise or lower the cut-in
setting. Adjustment can be made within 10 psig or as
wide as 55 psig of the cut-out setting to 60 psig. If this
range is exceeded, the display will cease to change
even though the button is being pressed.
Minimum setting is 10 psig.
PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT
The Well-X1®utilizes a simple cut-in/cut-out adjustment. Before setting the desired operating range, refer to the chart
below to ensure the Well-X1's Maximum Acceptance is not exceeded. Adjust the precharge as shown on page 9.
CAUTION! Exceeding Maximum Acceptance will reduce tank life and cause irreparable damage.
CUT-OUT PRESSURE
CUT-IN PRESSURE
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
10 .28 .38 .45 .50 .55 .59 .62 .65 .67 .69
15 .25 .34 .40 .46 .50 .54 .57 .60 .63 .65
20 .22 .30 .37 .42 .46 .50 .64 .57 .59 .61
25 .20 .27 .34 .39 .43 .47 .50 .53 .56 .58
30 .18 .25 .31 .36 .40 .44 .47 .50 .53
35 .17 .23 .29 .34 .38 .41 .45 .48
40 .16 .22 .27 .31 .35 .39 .42
45 .14 .20 .25 .30 .33 .37
50 .13 .19 .24 .28 .32
55 .13 .18 .22 .26
60 .12 .17 .21
65 .12 .16
70 .11
MODEL MAXIMUM ACCEPTANCE
WX1-250 .77
WX1-251 .55
WX1-302 .54
PRESS AND
HOLD TO
UNLOCK AND
SET CUT-IN
5. To adjust the cut-out, depress ■ once and the display
will read HI. Again, press thetor s buttons to raise
or lower the setting. The same 10-55 psig differential
range applies.
Maximum setting is 80 psig.
6. After adjusting the cut-in and
cut-out, release the buttons.
After a slight pause, Pr will be
displayed, indicating the settings
are saved in the event of a
power outage.
PRECHARGE ADJUSTMENT
Whenever the cut-in (LO) setting is changed, the tank
precharge must be adjusted. To do this, shut the Well-X1 off
and open the drain to empty all water. Using an air gauge,
adjust the precharge to 2 psig below the cut-in (LO) setting.
Failure to adjust the precharge will result in tank damage or
water interruption.
DANGER! Explosion Hazard. If the
Well-X1 has been in service and a
change to a higher pre-charge is necessary due to a
required change in the setting, failure to follow instruction
below can cause a rupture or explosion, possibly causing
serious or fatal personal injury, and/or property damage.
• Do not adjust or add pressure if there has been a loss
of air.
• Do not adjust the pre-charge pressure if there is visible
exterior corrosion.
• Do not adjust the pre-charge pressure if there has
been a reduction in pump cycle time or the pre-charge
pressure compared to its initial setting. This is because
reduction in pump cycle time can result from loss of
tank air pressure which in turn can mean there may
be internal corrosion and any re-pressurization or
additional pressure could result in rupture or explosion.
PRESS AGAIN
TO SET
CUT-OUT

PUMP PROTECTION AND DIAGNOSTICS
The Well-X1®continually monitors pressure, cycle time and voltage to protect the well pump. The following error codes
alert the user to a potential problem, prompting service. When an error occurs, the display will ash a diagnostic code.
WELL-X1 ERROR CODE POSSIBLE CAUSES AND CONTROL ACTION
E1: Rapid Cycle Multiple cycles below a safe runtime indicate an incorrect precharge,
undersized Well-X1 or waterlogged tank. Pump continues to run.
E2: Low Suction
Pump operation below 10 psi indicates a low well level, well piping leak,
insufcient prime, failing pump or loose wiring. Pump will shut down and
attempt to restart every 60 minutes.
E3: Voltage Protection
If line voltage varies outside a safe operating range, low or high, the control will
run for up to two minutes to ensure water is available, then shut the pump off
until voltage is restored to a normal range.
TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION
Error code ashes 1. Error encountered 1. See Error Code section for possible causes.
No water at xtures 1. Error encountered
2. No power
3. Water line obstructed
4. Faulty pump
5. Drain or relief valve open
6. Leak in plumbing
1. See Error Code section for possible causes.
2. Check circuit breaker and wiring.
3. Ensure shut-off valves are open, check ltration equipment.
4. Repair or replace as necessary.
5. Ensure valves are closed.
6. Check piping.
Low water pressure 1. Pressure setting too low
2. Water line obstructed
3. Faulty pump
4. Pressure setting out of range
5. Incorrect wiring
1. Adjust pump cut-in and cut-out setting as described in manual.
2. Ensure shut-off valves are open, check any ltration equipment.
3. Check well pump.
4. Reduce pressure settings within pump capacity.
5. Check pump wiring.
Intermittent water interruption 1. Tank precharge too high
2. Recurring error
1. Adjust air pressure 2 psi below cut-in setting.
2. See Error Code section for possible causes.
No pressure (pump runs) 1. No pump prime (jet pumps)
2. Failing well pump
3. Incorrect wiring
1. Prime pump and restart.
2. Repair or replace as necessary.
3. Check pump wiring.
Display will not illuminate 1. Circuit breaker or switch off
2. Faulty or loose wiring
3. Failed control
1. Check breaker and service switch.
2. Check line supply wiring.
3. Replace.
Pump will not turn on
(Display illuminated)
1. Error encountered
2. Faulty pump
3. Failed control
4. Pressure sensor line blocked
5. Loose or faulty wiring
1. See Error Code section for possible causes.
2. Repair or replace as necessary.
3. Replace.
4. Remove and clean.
5. Check pump wiring.
Pump will not shut off 1. Pressure setting too high
2. Pump water line obstructed
3. Pump problem
4. Failed control
1. Decrease pressure settings until pump and reach cut-out.
2. Ensure no shut-offs are closed between pump and Well-X1™.
3. Inspect pump and sizing if cut-out not reached.
4. Replace.
Sediment or discoloration in water 1. Poor water quality 1. Install proper treatment equipment, drain and ush tank per
instructions contained in this manual.
Rapid pump cycling 1. Differential too narrow
2. Improper precharge
3. Failed tank
1. Check sizing for intended operating range or spread differential
to obtain proper pump run time.
2. Adjust air pressure 2 psi below cut-in setting.
3. Replace.
Relief valve discharges 1. Over-pressure condition
2. Faulty relief valve
1. See "Pump will not shut off" above.
2. If pressure is below 100 psi, relief valve should not open. Replace.
Warranty
WX1 Models: Seven (7) Year Limited Warranty (Tank). Two (2) Year Limited Warranty (Control).
Visit www.amtrol.com for complete warranty details.
© 2019 Worthington Industries Inc. Part #: 9013-0006 (01/19)
One or more features of this product are covered by U.S. patents, visit www.amtrol.com/patents for more information.
1400 Division Road, West Warwick, RI USA 02893
T: 800.426.8765 www.amtrol.com