Angst+Pfister PFLOW1000V User manual
Attention !
Use with caution !
•Please carefully read this manual prior to operating this product.
•Do not open or modify any hardware which may lead to irrecoverable
damage.
•Do not use this product if you suspect any malfunctions or defection.
•Do not use this product for corrosive media or in a strong vibration
environment.
•Use this product according to the specified parameters.
•Only the trained or qualified personnel shall be allowed to perform
product services.
•Be cautious for electrical safety, and even it operates at a low voltage,
any electrical shock might lead to some unexpected damages.
•The gas to be measured should be clean and free of particles, as
even light particles may be accumulated inside the tiny pressure port
that may result in inaccuracy in metrology, clogging, or other
irrecoverable damage.
•Do not apply for any unknown or non-specified gases that may
damage the product.
3 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
Table of Contents
1. Overview ......................................................................................................................................................6
2. Receipt / unpack of the products ...............................................................................................................7
3. Knowing the products.................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Product description.............................................................................................................................8
3.2 Power and data pinout description ...................................................................................................8
3.3 Mechanical dimensions.......................................................................................................................9
4. Installation.......................................................................................................................................................9
5. Digital communication descriptions............................................................................................................12
5.1 I2C interface.............................................................................................................................................12
5.1.1 I2C interface connection diagram...................................................................................................12
5.1.2 I2C interface command description.................................................................................................12
5.1.3 I2C interface read/write sequences.................................................................................................13
5.2. RS485 Modbus communication protocol............................................................................................14
5.2.1. Communication parameters ..........................................................................................................14
5.2.2. Frame ...............................................................................................................................................14
5.2.3. Function codes.................................................................................................................................15
5.2.4. Registers ..........................................................................................................................................15
6. Product selection and order information....................................................................................................17
6.1. Product selection ...................................................................................................................................17
6.2. Order contact and customer support..................................................................................................17
7. Product performance ....................................................................................................................................18
7.1. Technical specifications.........................................................................................................................18
8. Technical notes for the product performance ............................................................................................19
8.1. Measurement principles ........................................................................................................................19
8.2. Precautions for the best performance of the product .......................................................................19
8.2.1. Altitude changes.............................................................................................................................19
8.2.2. Excessive humidity or condensation.............................................................................................19
8.2.3. Metrology verification ....................................................................................................................20
9. Warranty and Liability..................................................................................................................................21
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10. Service contact and information................................................................................................................23
Appendix I: Sensor evaluation kit....................................................................................................................24
Appendix II: Document history........................................................................................................................25
5 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
1. Overview
All contact information can be found at the end of this manual.
This manual provides essential information for the PFLOW1000V series of integrated MEMS sensor
s of mass flow (flow speed), temperature, and humidity. It can be readily applied for environmenta
l monitoring as well as an insertion flow meter. The product performance, maintenance, an
d troubleshooting, as well as the information for product order, technical support, and repair, are als
o included.
The PFLOW1000V sensors are manufactured with the company’s proprietary MEMS (micro-el
ectro-mechanical systems) sensing technology and package technology that offers programmable f
low speed data with a dynamic range of 100:1, as well as the local temperature and humidity.
The RS485 (Modbus), I2C and Bluetooth LE (reserved) options are ready for networking or remote
communication. The formality is particularly in favor of residential HVAC smart home applications;
as well as the industrial process or environmental monitor such as in a cleanroom.
The product is fully customizable for the flow speed range and with another desirable user interface.
It can be further packaged into a complete meter with a local display or with standalone battery-
powered options
6 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
2. Receipt / unpack of the products
Upon receipt of the products, please check the packing box before the dismantlement of the packing
materials. Ensure no damages during shipping. If any abnormality is observed, please contact and
notify the carrier who shipped the product and inform the distributors or sales representatives if the
order is not placed directly with the manufacturer; otherwise, the manufacturer should be informed.
For any further actions, please refer to the return and repair section in this manual.
If the packing box is intact, proceed to open the packing box, and you shall find the product (either
the sensor formality per the actual order), together with any accessories if ordered together.
Please check immediately for the integrity of the product and the accessories; if any abnormality is
identified, please notify the distributor/sales representative or manufacturer as soon as you can. If
any defects are confirmed, an exchange shall be arranged immediately via the original sales channel.
This user manual shall also be included in the packing box or via an online link for an electronic version
which should be sent by your sales agent. In most cases, this manual shall be made available to the
customer before the actual order.
Please note that the sensor has the standard 1.0 meter data and power cable directly attached to the
product, therefore no separate cable is needed for the operation. Please follow the instructions in
the subsequent section for the correct connections for the exact model you ordered.
PFLOW1000V or PFLOW1100V
Note: Evaluation kit or any other
accessories must be ordered
separately.
7 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
3. Knowing the products
3.1Product description
3.2Power and data pinout description
Table 3.2: PFLOW1000V/1100 wire code assignment.
Note: The product offers two digital communications as options, I2C or RS85 Modbus Halfplex that can be
selected at the time of order. These two communication protocols share the ports as defined in
Table 3.2. For the detailed protocols of the corresponding option, please refer to Section 5.
WIRE COLOR
DEFINITION
Red
VCC, power supply, 8~24Vdc
Black
GND, ground
Yellow
SCL, I2C clock / RS485 A (+)
Blue
SDA, I2C data / RS485 B (-)
Green
Analog output, 0.5~4.5 Vdc
Data and power cable
(1.0m or 3 feet, default)
Probe with scale in
5.0mm
Sensor passage
Probe fixer or
installation guide
Note: Digital I2C and RS485 share the
ports, please specify the model at the
time of order.
Sealing gasket
Flow direction shown at
both the bottom and
top of the product
8 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
3.3 Mechanical dimensions
Figure 3.3.1. PFLOW1000V/1100 mechanical dimensions.
4. Installation
Do not open or alter any part of the product, which would lead to malfunction and irrecoverable
damage.
Depending on the applications, the products can be used for open space environmental data
collection or as an insertion meter for inline gas flow measurement.
1. For the open space airspeed, temperature, and humidity measurement. Please notice that
the flow speed measurement is uni-direction, follow the arrow at the bottom of the probe to
properly install the probe per the application requirements. For the open space measurement
applications, no requirements for the probe positioning but the flow data are only relevant to
where the probe is placed and the data are directionally defined by the arrow direction.
2. For the inline flow measurement, the product will be used as an insertion meter. The
installation hole on the pipe where the product is to be inserted should be as close as possible
to the probe’s diameter, Φ12.5 mm. A flat plateau hard materials attached to the pipe should
be prepared to fix the probe to the pipe, refer to the following graphs. The fixtures should be
leakage-proof tested before the installation of the product. An illustration sketch is shown
below:
9 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
Figure 4-1. Preparation for the insertion fixture.
Make sure there is no debris or excessive particles left in the pipe during the preparation of
the product fixtures on the pipe.
Refer to the graphs below, per OIML R137 recommendations, the upstream of the meter
should have a 20xDN straight pipe length, and downstream should have a 5xDN straight pipe
length.
Figure 4-2. Installation with correct upstream and downstream space.
Figure 4-3. Insertion probe length calculation.
!! Correct installation:
20xDN upstream and
5xDN downstream.
!! Incorrect installation:
insufficient straight pipe
length
L= 1/8D+H+B+23
where Dis the flow channel diameter
His the flow channel wall thickness
Bis the fixture base height.
10 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
Please note: a. The product is not designed for hazardous zone applications, and not for
corrosive gases;
b. The installation should also be at locations where it is away from valves,
sharp turns, and other cases as described in OIML R137 as those would
generate flow instability and causing unstable outputs.
c. The flow direction should be aligned as close as possible with the arrow on
the product.
d. The product outputs the flow speed. In order to calculate the flow rate, it is
necessary to know the depth that the product is inside the flow channel.
Please refer to the above graph for the calculations.
11 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
5. Digital communication descriptions
5.1 I2C interface
5.1.1 I2C interface connection diagram
5.1.2 I2C interface command description
Command
Byte
(Hex)
Length
(int 16)
Command Name
Read/Write
Notes
05H
1
I2C address
Write
Bit 0 is R/W flag bit; Bit 1~ Bit 7 are
available.
82H
12
Serial number
Read
ASCII
83H
4
Flow speed
Read
Int32/1000 in m/sec
85H
1
I2C address
Read
Bit 7 ~ Bit 1
BEH
1
Temperature
Read
Int16/100 in °C
BFH
2
Humidity
Read
Int16/100 in %RH
Note: 1. The I2C address is set to Bit 7~Bit 1. e.g. if the I2C address is 4 (0000 100x), the write address will be
0x08 (0000 10o0) and the read address will be 0x09 (0000 1001).
12 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
5.2. RS485 Modbus communication protocol
The RS485 hardware layer is TIA/EIA-485-A, as illustrated below. In this configuration, the product (
PFLOW1000V/1100) is a slave.
Figure 5.3: RS485 hardware
5.2.1. Communication parameters
The PC UART communication parameters are listed in table 5.2.1.
Table 5.2.1: PC UART communication parameters
Parameters
Protocol
RTU
Baud rate (Bits per second)
38400 bps
Start bits
1
Data bits
8
Stop bits
1
Even/Odd parity
None
Bits period
104.2 µsec
Bytes period
1.1458 msec
Maximum data length
20
Maximum nodes
255
5.2.2. Frame
The frame function is based on the standard Modbus RTU framing:
14 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
Table 5.2.2: frame function
Start_bits
Address
Function codes
Data
CRC
Stop_bits
T1-T2-T3-T4
8 bit
8 bit
N 8 bit (20≥n≥0)
16 bit
T1-T2-T3-T4
Start_bits: 4 periods bit time, for a new frame.
Address: The address can be set from 1 to 255 except for 157 (0x9d). 0 is the broadcast address.
Function codes: Define the product's functions/actions (slaves), either execution or response.
Data: The address of the register, length of data, and the data themselves.
CRC: CRC verification code. The low byte is followed by the high byte. For example, a 16 bit
CRC is divided into BYTE_H and BYTE_L. In the framing, the BYTE_L will come first, then
followed by the BYTE_H. The last one is the STOP signal.
Stop_bits: 4 periods bit time, for ending the current frame.
5.2.3. Function codes
The Modbus function codes applied for the product are the sub-class of the standard Modbus
function codes. These codes are used to set or read the registers of the product:
Table 5.2.3: function codes
Code
Name
Functions
0x03
Read register
Read register(s)
0x06
Set single register
Write one single 16-bit register
0x10
Set multiple registers
Write multiple registers
5.2.4. Registers
The product (PFLOW1000V/1100) has multiple registers available for the assignment of the various functions
. With these functions, the user can obtain the data from the products, such as product address and flow rate
sfrom the registers, or set the product functions by writing the corresponding parameters.
The currently available registers are listed in the following table, and the registers may be customized upon
contact the manufacturer. Where R: read; W: write-only; W/R: read and write.
Note: At the time of shipping, the write protection function is enabled except for address and baud rate.
Once the user completes the register value change, the write protection will be automatically enabled
once again to prevent incidental data loss.
15 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
Table 5.2.4: Registers
Functions
Description
Register
Modbus reference
Address
Product address (R/W)
0x0001
40002 (0x0001)
Flow speed
Current flow speed (R)
0x0002 ~ 0x0003
40003 (0x0003)
Baud rate
Communication baud rate (R/W)
0x0015
40022 (0x0015)
Temperature
Temperature (R)
0x0025
40038 (0x0025)
Humidity
Humidity (R)
0x0026
40038 (0x0039)
The detailed information of each register is described below: Y: enabled; N: disabled
Address
0x0001
Write
Y
Read
Y
Description
Address of the product
Value type
UINT 16
Notes
Values from 1 to 255; 0 is the broadcast address; the default value is 1.
Flow speed
0x0002 ~ 0x00o3
Write
N
Read
Y
Description
Current flow speed
Value type
UINT 32
Notes
Flow speed = [Value (0x0002)*65536 + value (ox0003)]/1000
e.g.: for a flow speed of 20.34 m/sec, the user will read “0” from register
0x0002 and “20340” from register 0x0003, therefore
Current flow speed = (o*65536+20340)/1000 = 20.34 m/sec
Baud rate
0x0015
Write
Y
Read
Y
Description
Communication baud rate
Value type
UINT 16
Notes
Value=0: 4800; 1: 9600; 2: 19200; 3: 38400. The default value is 3.
Temperature
0x0025
Write
N
Read
Y
Description
Measured temperature data
Value type
UINT 16
Notes
Temperature = value (0x0025) /100 °C
Humidity
0x0026
Write
N
Read
Y
Description
Measured humidity data
Value type
UINT 16
Notes
Humidity = value (0x0026) /100 %RH.
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6. Product selection and order information
6.1. Product selection
The product part number is composed of the product model number and suffixes, indicating each
of the selectable parameters. Refer to the following for details.
AM - - -
6.2. Order contact and customer support
The sales offices and the sales distributors/representatives are listed at the end of this document. Fo
r small quantities, the order can be placed either through the APSP website: https://sensorsandpow
er.angst‐pfister.com or the sales office. For large quantities, please contact the sales office, distribut
ors, or sales representatives.
APSP is making every effort to ensure the quality of the products. In case of questions and/or
product supports, please contact the customer service listed at the end of the document.
Gas: A –air; N –N2; O –O2; R –Ar; for other gases, please
contact the manufacturer
Output: B –RS485; BV –RS485 and analog; E –I2C; EV –I2C
and analog.
Full scale flow speed: 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 m/sec, or
customized ones with requests.
Product serial: 1000 –flow speed only
1100 –flow speed, temperature and humidity
17 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
7. Product performance
7.1. Technical specifications
All specifications listed in the following table, unless otherwise noted, apply for calibration conditions
at 20°C and 101.325 kPa absolute pressure with air.
Value
Unit
Flow speed range
0…3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30
m/sec
Accuracy (total error band)
±2.5
%FS
Repeatability
1.0
%
Turn-down ratio
100:1
Flow speed response time
10
msec
Working temperature
-10 ~ 65
°C
Temperature coefficient
±0.12
%/°C
Temperature accuracy
±0.5
°C
Temperature resolution
0.04
°C
Humidity accuracy
±2.0 (20~80%RH), otherwise ±5.0 max
%RH
Humidity resolution
0.04
%RH
Humidity response time
5.0
sec
Power supply
8~24
Vdc
Working current
<50
mA
Output*
Linear, I2C / RS485; Analog: 0.5~4.5Vdc
Cable
5 color coded, 1.0m
Storage temperature
-20~70
°C
Calibration
Air @ 20°C, 101.325kPa
Compliance
RoHS
CE
IEC 61326-1;-2;-3
*Note: 1. Analog output only applies to flow speed. Temperature and humidity data are via digital interface.
18 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
8. Technical notes for the product performance
8.1. Measurement principles
The products utilize the Company’s proprietary micro-machined
(MEMS) calorimetric sensing and data process technology. A thermal
signal generator with a pair of sensing elements at the up and
downstream of the microheater is precisely manufactured and
separated at predefined micrometer distances on a chip surface with
excellent thermal isolation. When a fluid is flowing through the sensing
chip, the fluid carries the thermal signal downstream. The sensing
elements register the temperature differences, further correlated to
the fluid mass flow rate via the calibration process.
The calorimetric sensing approach offers a large dynamic range with a
better performance against the environmental parameter alternations.
Please refer to the company's US patents and other publications made available to the public for
additional information.
The temperature sensor is made on a silicon substrate and fully compensated.
The humidity sensor is also made on a silicon substrate with the principle of change in dielectric
constant in a capacitor that occurs because of the amount of water vapor present.
8.2. Precautions for the best performance of the product
8.2.1. Altitude changes
Unlike some other products on market, the design of the sensor has a built-in pressure balancer that
preventing membrane deformation due to altitude changes. Therefore, the sensor is intrinsically
insensitive to the altitude change-induced errors.
8.2.2. Excessive humidity or condensation
The humidity change will not alter the performance of the sensor. However, if excessive humidity is
present resulting in condensation, the measurement channel could be blocked or altered. This would
Figure 8.1. Measurement
approach illustration.
19 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
result in a very unreliable data output. Please filter or other tools to prevent this situation to occur
when using this product.
8.2.3. Metrology verification
Testing the products with local metrology tools will be performed in almost all cases. It should be
noted that for this particular sensor, special care should be applied while performing such a task.
The gauge pressure tests are relatively simple, as long as the pressure is tested under a stable media
condition, the metrology data should be well reproduced.
For the mass flowrate comparison, however, in addition to the flow system setup conditions
recommended by OIML R137, a stable flow system must be ensured. This is because the current
product is designed for a small pressure loss, therefore the sensor does not have a strong flow
restrictor or conditioners to handle the flow instability that may exist in the system. Therefore to
compare the metrology data, the user should ensure the system is stable, otherwise, the output
could be noisy and metrology deviations would be inevitable. If such cases are present, please
contact the manufacturer for further solutions.
For temperature and humidity measurement, because of the small package space, the response of
the humidity could be slower than the specified. For additional information, please contact the
manufacturer.
8.2.4. Blockage effect for an insertion meter
As the product probe has a certain size, when the probe is inserted into a flow channel and its size is
no longer small enough compared with the flow channel size, the blockage effect has to be taken
into account when calculating the mass flow rate that the insertion meter measures. For the detailed
information, please contact the manufacture for the technical while paper.
20 PFLOW1000V_1620-21914-0006-E-0224
Table of contents
