Atmel ICE50 User manual

ICE50
..............................................................................................
User Guide

ICE50 User Guide i
2523A–AVR–11/02
Table of Contents
Section 1
Preface .................................................................................................1-1
1.1 About this Manual .....................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Warnings ............................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Tips.....................................................................................................1-1
1.1.3 Workaround........................................................................................1-1
1.1.4 Checklists ...........................................................................................1-1
1.1.5 Related Documentation......................................................................1-2
1.2 ICE50 Firmware History............................................................................1-2
1.2.1 Version 1.0 .........................................................................................1-2
1.2.2 Version 1.1 .........................................................................................1-2
1.2.3 Version 1.2 .........................................................................................1-2
1.3 ICE50 Known Issues.................................................................................1-2
1.3.1 User Break in Sleep Mode..................................................................1-2
1.3.2 ADC Latch-up.....................................................................................1-2
1.3.3 User Break..........................................................................................1-2
1.4 Reporting Problems ..................................................................................1-3
Section 2
Introduction...........................................................................................2-1
2.1 ICE50 Contents.........................................................................................2-1
2.2 ICE50 Features.........................................................................................2-2
2.3 System Requirements...............................................................................2-3
2.3.1 Hardware Requirements.....................................................................2-3
2.3.2 Software Requirements......................................................................2-3
2.3.3 Target Hardware Requirements .........................................................2-3
2.3.4 Operating Conditions..........................................................................2-3
2.3.5 Host Interface.....................................................................................2-3
Section 3
General Description..............................................................................3-1
3.1 General Hardware Description..................................................................3-1
3.1.1 What is an In-Circuit Emulator?..........................................................3-1
3.2 Main Emulator Unit....................................................................................3-2
3.2.1 Emulator Unit......................................................................................3-2
3.2.2 Status LEDs........................................................................................3-2

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ii ICE50 User Guide
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3.3 POD Bay...................................................................................................3-4
3.3.1 Removing POD from POD Bay ..........................................................3-4
3.3.2 Inserting POD Into POD Bay..............................................................3-4
3.3.3 Expansion Bay....................................................................................3-5
3.3.4 USB Connector...................................................................................3-5
3.3.5 RS-232C Connector...........................................................................3-5
3.3.6 Reset Button.......................................................................................3-5
3.3.7 Power Switch......................................................................................3-5
3.3.8 Power Connector................................................................................3-6
3.4 Personality Adapter Description................................................................3-6
3.4.1 Personality Adapter Description.........................................................3-6
3.4.2 t26 Personality Adapter......................................................................3-7
3.4.3 t28 and t29 Personality Adapter.........................................................3-8
3.4.4 m8 Personality Adapter......................................................................3-8
3.4.5 m32 Personality Adapter....................................................................3-9
3.4.6 m162 Personality Adapter..................................................................3-9
3.4.7 m128 Personality Adapter................................................................3-10
3.4.8 m169 Personality Adapter................................................................3-10
3.5 POD Description .....................................................................................3-11
3.5.1 POD Description...............................................................................3-11
3.5.2 Digital I/O..........................................................................................3-12
3.5.3 Analog Comparator ..........................................................................3-14
3.5.4 A/D Converter...................................................................................3-14
3.6 Power System Description......................................................................3-15
3.6.1 Power Supply ...................................................................................3-15
3.6.2 ICE50 Power System .......................................................................3-15
3.6.3 Target Application Power Requirements..........................................3-16
3.7 Probe Description ...................................................................................3-17
3.7.1 Probe Description.............................................................................3-17
3.7.2 External Clock Signal .......................................................................3-18
3.7.3 Internal Clock Signal Provided by AVR Studio.................................3-18
3.7.4 External 32 kHz RTC Crystal............................................................3-19
3.7.5 Internal RC Oscillator .......................................................................3-19
3.7.6 External Crystal and External Resonator .........................................3-19
3.7.7 External RC Oscillator......................................................................3-19
3.8 Test Adapter ...........................................................................................3-19
3.8.1 Using the Test Adapter.....................................................................3-20

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ICE50 User Guide iii
2523A–AVR–11/02
Section 4
Connecting ICE50.................................................................................4-1
4.1 Connecting ICE50 for Emulation...............................................................4-1
4.2 Connecting ICE50 to host PC...................................................................4-1
4.3 Connecting the Probe to the Target Board ...............................................4-1
4.3.1 Connecting PDIP Adapters.................................................................4-1
4.3.2 Connecting TQFP Adapters ...............................................................4-3
4.4 ICE50 Power-up Sequence.......................................................................4-4
Section 5
Configuring AVR Studio........................................................................5-1
5.1 ICE50 Emulator Options ...........................................................................5-1
5.2 AVR Studio Configuration Quick Start Guide............................................5-2
5.3 Device Selection .......................................................................................5-3
5.4 Fuses and Lock Bits..................................................................................5-5
5.5 Lock Bits ...................................................................................................5-8
5.6 ICE Status.................................................................................................5-9
5.7 Boot Block Options .................................................................................5-11
5.8 Special ....................................................................................................5-12
5.9 Downloading New Parts for ICE50..........................................................5-12
5.10 Upgrading the ICE50 Firmware...............................................................5-13
Section 6
Special Considerations.........................................................................6-1
6.1 Electrical Compatibility..............................................................................6-1
6.1.1 Power .................................................................................................6-1
6.1.2 I/O Lines .............................................................................................6-1
6.2 Sleep Mode...............................................................................................6-2
6.3 Target Hardware Requirements................................................................6-2
6.4 Clock Options............................................................................................6-2
6.5 Differences Between Emulator and Part...................................................6-2
Section 7
Trace.....................................................................................................7-1
7.1 Enabling Trace in AVR Studio...................................................................7-1
7.2 The Trace Window....................................................................................7-2
7.3 Contents of Trace Window Based on Instruction (ICE50).........................7-4
7.4 Accessing External Data Memory (ICE50 Trace) ...................................7-14
7.5 Interrupt Handling (ICE50 Trace)............................................................7-14
7.6 Reset (ICE50 Trace)...............................................................................7-15
7.7 Save Trace Buffer to File (ICE50)...........................................................7-15
7.8 Sleep (ICE50 Trace) ...............................................................................7-15

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iv ICE50 User Guide
2523A–AVR–11/02
Section 8
Troubleshooting....................................................................................8-1
8.1 Troubleshooting Guide..............................................................................8-1

ICE50 User Guide 1-1
Rev. 2523A–AVR–11/02
Section 1
Preface
1.1 About this
Manual This manual is using the nomenclature described in this section to show warnings, tips,
workarounds etc.
1.1.1 Warnings This manual contains important warnings to prevent damage to your system and the
ICE50. All the warnings are emphasized as shown in the example below.
WARNING!
This is a warning...
Please read all warnings carefully.
1.1.2 Tips Some sections contain useful tips for using the ICE50. All the tips are emphasized as
shown in the example below.
Tip!
This is a tip...
1.1.3 Workaround Workaround!
This is a workaround...
1.1.4 Checklists Once comfortable with the configurtion and use of the ICE50, the checklists at the end of
these sections can be used for fast setup of a new project.
The checklists are of great help for getting the debugging system on-line without prob-
lems. However, novice users should also check that the operating conditions of the
target system are compliant to the requirements of ICE50. This is described in the Con-
necting ICE50 section.

Preface
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1.1.5 Related
Documentation The following electronic documents from Atmel®are related to the use of the AVR®
microcontrollers, and of the debugging tools. All documents can be found on the Atmel
Products CD-ROM enclosed in the ICE50 kit. For more information and document
updates, please visit our web site: www.atmel.com.
AVR Studio®user's guide.
Describes in detail how to use the AVR Studio debugging environment.
Describes in detail how to use the AVR Assembler.
Data sheets for the different AVR devices.
Errata sheets for the different AVR devices.
Application notes describing different application examples for the AVR
microcontrollers.
Describes in detail how to use the AVR Studio debugging environment.
Note: AVR Studio 4.0 or later is required for ICE50 support. AVR Studio 3.x versions
will not work with ICE50!
1.2 ICE50 Firmware
History There has been several releases of the ICE50 firmware.
1.2.1 Version 1.0 First released version.
1.2.2 Version 1.1 Errors in trace module fixed.
Version table readout in main module fixed.
1.2.3 Version 1.2 All parts with ADC: ADC bit 3 and 4 where interchanged. This is now fixed on all parts
with ADC.
Trace of Program Counter is now correct in single step.
Brown-out Detection (BOD): Selection of Brown-out Voltage is now enabled for all
parts.
Mega8: Reset Disable Fuse added to ICE50 options.
1.3 ICE50 Known
Issues There are some known issues in the ICE50 that users needs to be aware of.
1.3.1 User Break in Sleep
Mode
User break in sleep mode is not supported. Use an interrupt to wake up the part or a
reset to Reset the emulator.
User break in sleep mode is not supported. Workaround: A Reset will break and
reset the emulator.
1.3.2 ADC Latch-up The ADC may latch-up if the target is powered before the ICE. Also make sure that
no residual voltage is present on the ADC input pins if the ICE is not powered.
1.3.3 User Break User break in sleep mode is not supported. Use an interrupt to wake up the part or a
reset to reset the emulator.

Preface
ICE50 User Guide 1-3
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1.4 Reporting
Problems Problems with AVR Studio can be reported to [email protected]. Problems with beta
releases can be reported to [e-mail].

Preface
1-4 ICE50 User Guide
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ICE50 User Guide 2-1
Rev. 2523A–AVR–11/02
Section 2
Introduction
ATICE50 is an advanced In-Circuit Emulator that covers a wide range of the eight bits
AVR microcontrollers from Atmel. This section gives a brief introduction to it’s features.
2.1 ICE50 Contents Figure 2-1.
The ATICE50 contains the following items:
ICE50 Main Unit/Pod/Two FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) Cables & Probe
Personality Adapters for:
– ATmega8
– ATmega16
– ATmega162
– ATmega32
– ATmega128
–ATtiny26

Introduction
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9-pin RS-232C Cable
USB Cable
Power Supply
European Power Supply Cable
US Power Supply Cable
AVR Technical Library CD-ROM
– AVR Data Sheets
– Application Notes
– AVR Studio 4.00 or Later
ICE50 Quick Start Guide
2.2 ICE50 Features The ICE50 In-circuit Emulator is a High-end Emulator from Atmel designed to emulate a
wide range of AVR devices. The ICE50 is controlled by AVR Studio 4.0 or later. Present,
the following devices are supported:
–ATtiny26
– ATmega8
– ATmega16
– ATmega162
– ATmega32
– ATmega128
– ATmega169
– ATmega8515
– ATmega8535
The ICE50 supports the following features:
Emulates All Digital and Analog Peripherals
Target Voltage Range 2.2V - 5.5V
Full Target Frequency Range for All Supported Devices
Watches
Trace Buffer
Unlimited Number of Break Points
Symbolic Debugging Support
Full Visibility of and Access to Register File, SP, PC, and Memories
Access to all I/O Registers
I/O Configurable to Run or Halt in Stopped Mode
Cycle Counter

Introduction
ICE50 User Guide 2-3
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2.3 System
Requirements The following minimum requirements apply for the ICE50.
2.3.1 Hardware
Requirements For using the ICE50 with AVR Studio, a Pentium 233 MHz (or more) class personal computer with following specifications is recommended:
64 MByte RAM, or more
20 MByte of free hard disk (HD) space
CD-ROM or Internet access
Recommended Screen Resolution 1024x768
16650 Compatible Serial Port (COM port)
AVR Studio v4.0 or later installed
Acrobat Reader v4.0 or later installed (optional).
2.3.2 Software
Requirements The following operating systems are currently supported by AVR Studio:
Windows NT®Version 3.51(1)
Windows NT Version 4.0(1)
Windows®95
Windows 98 (ME)
Windows 2000
Windows XP
AVR Studio is always updated to fit new operating systems and versions. See AVR
Studio User's Guide for latest information.
Note: 1. Windows NT 3.51 and Windows NT 4.0 does not support USB communication.
2.3.3 Target Hardware
Requirements
The target must be able to supply 2.2 - 5.5V @150mA. See Table 3-6 for further
information.
2.3.4 Operating
Conditions
Operation Temperature: 0°C - 70°C
Operating Humidity: 10 - 90 % RH (non-condensing)
Supply Voltage: +9.0V to +12.0V DC
WARNING!
Violating the recommended operating conditions for the ICE50 might cause incor-
rect operation and damage the emulator.
2.3.5 Host Interface RS-232C @ 115200 bps, 1 start-, 8 data-, and 1 stop-bit, no parity with hardware hand-
shaking. 9-pin female connector with RTS and CTS connected to support hardware
handshaking.

Introduction
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ICE50 User Guide 3-1
Rev. 2523A–AVR–11/02
Section 3
General Description
This setion describes the different components of the ATICE50 in detail.
3.1 General
Hardware
Description
In this section a brief description of emulation is given, and a closer look at the parts that
make up the ICE50.
3.1.1 What is an In-Circuit
Emulator? The ICE50 is an In-Circuit Emulator. An emulator is a dedicated piece of hardware designed to “emulate” the behaviour of another piece of hardware. In the case of the
ICE50, it is designed to behave as a wide range of AVR devices. Exact emulation is the
goal for all emulators and the ICE50 offers the highest possible level of compatibility.
The ICE50 emulator system consists of the following five modules:
Main Emulator Unit
POD
Probe
Personality adapters
Test adapter

General Description
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3.2 Main Emulator
Unit The main emulator unit contains the “brain” of the ICE50.
3.2.1 Emulator Unit The main emulator unit is shown in Figure 3-1. The main unit contains the control logic,
and general hardware necessary to emulate an AVR device.
Figure 3-1. ICE50 Main Emulator
Status LEDs
POD Bay
Expansion Bay
USB Connector
RS-232C Connector
Reset Button
Power Switch
Power Connector
3.2.2 Status LEDs There are three LEDs on the front of the ICE50 cabinet. One red, one red/green duo
LED and one green LED. All these LEDs give important status information on the ICE50
and which mode it is operating in. The picture below shows a close-up of the LEDs.
When turning on power on the ICE50 the normal LED sequence will be as follows:
1. Red Power LED turns ON.
2. Mode LED turns ON and is first red and next orange.
3. Green status LED turns ON (after approx 15 seconds).
This indicate that the unit is operating and ready for use.
Figure 3-2. Emulator LEDs
Expansion Bay
POD Bay
LEDs
Power Connector/
Power Switch
Reset
Button
RS-232C/
USB

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3.2.2.1 Red Power LED The red LED is the power indicator LED. This will be lit if power on the ICE50 is turned
on and the power system is working correctly. If the LED stays off after power on, make
sure the power supply meets the requirements of the ICE50. If using another power sup-
ply than the one supplied with the ICE50 make sure that the power polarity is correct.
See the Power System section for more details on power requirements.
3.2.2.2 Multi Color Mode
LED The Multicolor LED displays information about which mode the ICE50 is working in. Dur- ing the startup sequence this LED is first red, next orange. Orange indicates that the
Emulator is in stopped mode. A green light indicates that the ICE is in run mode. If the
LED turns red it indicates an emulator error. If this happens consult the troubleshooting
guide.
3.2.2.3 Green Status LED The green LED will be turned on when the ICE50 is ready for emulation. Once the green
LED is on, the ICE50 is ready for emulation. The LED will flash during upgrading of the
ICE50. The LED will be turned off during loading of a new part, and lit when the part is
finished loading. If the LED does not turn on after a power up sequence please consult
the troubleshooting guide for possible solutions.
Figure 3-3. Multi Color Mode
Table 3-1. LED Color Definitions
LED Meaning State Description
Red Power Off Power not connected, or ICE50 Turned off.
On Power connected, ICE50 on and voltages OK.
Multi Mode
Green Run mode
Red Error condition, if permanently lit.
Orange Stopped mode
Green Status
Off ICE50 is initializing.
On ICE50 Ready for emulation.
Blinking The LED will flash when doing an upgrade.

General Description
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3.3 POD Bay The ICE50 has a very flexible architecture that will ensure a long product life. The differ-
ent AVR devices are characterised through their number of I/O pins and analog
features. Both the I/O pins and the analog features are implemented on the POD board.
If new AVR devices are made available to the market that contain I/O or analog features
that cannot be emulated by the current POD, Atmel is dedicated to create new POD
modules that support the functionality of the new devices.
3.3.1 Removing POD from
POD Bay If for some reason the POD must be removed from the POD Bay, the recommended procedure is as described below. See also Figure 3-4.
1. Lift the POD on the front edge until a click is heard. The POD is now ready to be
pulled up from the bay.
2. Lift the POD out of the Bay.
Figure 3-4. Removing POD from POD Bay
Without the POD connected, the ICE50 will still be able to emulate core functions of the
AVR (e.g., timers). This feature can be useful in some debugging sessions. If the POD is
inserted and there is no target power applied, the ICE will be held in Reset until target
power is turned on. By disabling POR and BOD Reset in ICE50 other options dialog,
ICE50 will emulate correctly even if target power is not connected.
3.3.2 Inserting POD Into
POD Bay Only original ICE50 Pods should be used with ICE50 and care should be taken when placing or removing the POD. During normal use there is no need to remove the POD
from the bay. If for some reason the POD is disconnected, the recommended procedure
to re-insert the POD is as follows. See also Figure 3-5.
1. Place the POD in the ICE50 POD connector. Make sure that the connector male
and female guides align.
2. Use both hands and apply pressure on the upper half of the POD (on top of the
connector).
3. After pressing the connector firmly in place, use one hand to apply pressure on
the lower half of the POD. You will hear a click when the POD locks into position.

General Description
ICE50 User Guide 3-5
2523A–AVR–11/02
Figure 3-5. Inserting POD Into POD Bay
3.3.3 Expansion Bay The expansion connector is intended for future use, and not used in the current version
of ICE50. The POD placed in this socket is an empty POD enclosure and serves the
purpose of protecting the Expansion Connector.
3.3.4 USB Connector USB communication is supported in AVR Studio 4, Build 181 and higher versions. USB
Drivers are found on the AVR Technical Library CD-Rom. The USB port is shown in Fig-
ure 3-6
Figure 3-6. USB-, RS-232C-communication, and Reset Button
3.3.5 RS-232C Connector Present, all communication between the ICE50 and AVR Studio is done through a stan-
dard RS-232C interface. This is the communication protocol used by COM ports on
PCs. The communication runs at 115200 bit/s, no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, (N81).
For information on how to connect the ICE50 to a PC see the Connecting ICE50 to PC
section. See Figure 3-6.
3.3.6 Reset Button By pressing the reset button on the ICE50, a Warm Reset of the Emulator is preformed.
After approximately 15 seconds the configuration is completed, and the green status
LED will turn on indicating that the emulator is ready for use. See Figure 3-6.
3.3.7 Power Switch The Power Switch is the main on/off switch for the ICE50 Emulator. Switching this off
will turn off power on the ICE50. The ICE50 will however remain grounded to the power
supply. See Figure 3-7.

General Description
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Figure 3-7. Power Switch and Connector
3.3.8 Power Connector The Power Connector on the ICE50 system is a standard type with 2.1 mm center tap.
Ground should be connected to the center tap. For more information about power
requirements and operating conditions see the Power System Description. See Figure
3-7.
3.4 Personality
Adapter
Description
The personality adapters of the ICE50 provides the physical adaption between the
ICE50 and the target device.
3.4.1 Personality Adapter
Description ICE50 is supplied with a range of personality adapters. These adapters map the pinout from the ICE50 POD to each of the microcontrollers it supports. Each adapter includes
an identification code that the ICE50 and AVR Studio use for automatic device detec-
tion. The ICE50 package contains the following Personality Adapters:
Each adapter corresponds to one pinout type and supports one or more AVR microcon-
trollers. Table 3-2 shows which devices are supported by the different Personality
Adapters.
Table 3-2. Personality Adapters
Device Use Personality Adapter Named Seral Number
ATmega16 m32 A9902.3.1310.A
ATmega128 m128 W10635SDF
ATmega32 m32 A9902.3.1310.B
ATtiny28/29 t28/t29 A9902.3.1350.B
ATtiny26 t26 A9902.3.1370.A
ATmega162 m162 A9902.3.1300.B
ATmega8 m8 A9902.3.1390.C
ATmega169 m169 W10634SDF