B+K precision 8500 User manual

USER MANUAL
8500 SERIES DC ELECTRONIC LOADS
Models 8500, 8502, 8510, 8512, 8514, 8518, 8520,
8522, 8524 & 8526
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Safety
The following general safety precautions must e o served during all phases of operation of this instrument.
Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety
standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. B&K Precision assumes no lia ility for
the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Verify that all safety precautions are taken. Note the instrument's external markings descri ed under "Safety
Sym ols".
This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument, which means it is provided with a protective earth terminal. To
minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cover must e connected to an electrical ground. The
instrument must e connected to the AC line power through a grounded power ca le, with the ground wire
firmly connected to an electrical ground (safety ground) at the power outlet. Note: Any interruption of the
protective (grounding) conductor or disconnection of the protective earth terminal will cause a potential shock
hazard that could result in personal injury.
DO NOT OPERATE THE INSTRUMENT IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE OR IN THE PRESENCE OF
FUMES OR FLAMMABLE GASES.
KEEP A AY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS.
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component replacement and internal adjustments
must e made only y qualified service personnel. Do not replace components with the power ca le
connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even with the power ca le removed. To
avoid injuries always disconnect power, discharge circuits and capacitors, and remove external voltage
sources efore touching components.
DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE.
Do not try to perform internal service or adjustment unless another person capa le of rendering first aid and
resuscitation is present.
Safety Symbols
Note the instrument's external markings as follows:
Direct current
Alternating current
Both direct and alternating current
Protective earth (ground) terminal
Caution (refer to accompanying documents)
ARNING
The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice,
or the like which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in
personal injury. Do not proceed eyond a WARNING sign until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and met.
CAUTION
The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating
procedure, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could
result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product. Do not proceed
eyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and
met.
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Table of Contents
Safety...................................................................................................................................................... 2
Safety Sym ols................................................................................................................................... 2
Notation................................................................................................................................................... 5
Quick reference...................................................................................................................................... 6
Model num ers covered y this document..........................................................................................6
Options and accessories..................................................................................................................... 6
Overview of instrument.......................................................................................................................6
Typical tasks....................................................................................................................................... 7
Front panel.......................................................................................................................................... 7
Standard display................................................................................................................................. 9
Front panel keys.................................................................................................................................9
Rear panel........................................................................................................................................ 10
Power Requirements........................................................................................................................11
Display annunciators.........................................................................................................................11
Menus............................................................................................................................................... 12
Specifications........................................................................................................................................ 16
Environmental Conditions ................................................................................................................17
Internal Resistances..................................................................................................................... 18
Operational power curve..............................................................................................................18
Low Voltage Characteristics.........................................................................................................19
Slew rate...................................................................................................................................... 20
Glossary................................................................................................................................................ 23
Installation............................................................................................................................................. 25
Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 25
Items you should have received...................................................................................................25
Instrument location............................................................................................................................ 25
Outline Drawings............................................................................................................................... 25
Bench operation................................................................................................................................ 28
First turn-on checkout.......................................................................................................................29
Operational introduction....................................................................................................................30
Power-on state..................................................................................................................................31
Constant current mode..................................................................................................................... 32
Constant voltage mode.....................................................................................................................32
Constant power mode....................................................................................................................... 32
Constant resistance mode................................................................................................................33
Timed operation................................................................................................................................ 33
Changing display resolution..............................................................................................................34
Increasing current resolution........................................................................................................34
Increasing voltage resolution........................................................................................................34
Short................................................................................................................................................. 34
Battery test........................................................................................................................................ 34
Transient operation...........................................................................................................................35
Continuous transient operation.....................................................................................................35
Pulse transient operation.............................................................................................................. 36
Toggled transient operation..........................................................................................................37
Toggle etween two test values...................................................................................................38
Lists (dynamic condition)...................................................................................................................38
Test files........................................................................................................................................... 40
Triggering.......................................................................................................................................... 42
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Voltage threshold operation..............................................................................................................42
Passwords........................................................................................................................................ 42
Protection features............................................................................................................................43
Over Voltage protection................................................................................................................43
Over Current protection................................................................................................................ 43
Over Power protection .................................................................................................................44
Reverse voltage protection...........................................................................................................44
Over Temperature protection.......................................................................................................44
Remote sensing................................................................................................................................ 44
Saving and Recalling settings...........................................................................................................45
Remote operation.................................................................................................................................. 46
Communication ca les...................................................................................................................... 46
USB to TTL serial converter ca le IT-E132B................................................................................46
USB (Virtual COM) settings.............................................................................................................. 46
Overview of DC Load programming..................................................................................................46
Packet structure........................................................................................................................... 46
Status packets.............................................................................................................................. 47
Chapter organization....................................................................................................................50
Summary of commands....................................................................................................................50
Command details.............................................................................................................................. 53
Serial num er and firmware version......................................................................................................70
In case of trou le................................................................................................................................... 71
Instrument won't turn on....................................................................................................................71
Error messages during power-up......................................................................................................71
Keypad unlock procedure (Keypad was accidentally locked)............................................................71
Frequency Asked Questions.............................................................................................................72
Appendix: Service and warranty information.........................................................................................74
Index..................................................................................................................................................... 75
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Notation
I-set Represents a key on the front panel. Note that some of these may e
accessed in com ination with the Shift key.
OFF Annunciator, value, or message shown on the vacuum fluorescent
display.
CONFIG Menu item
OFF Default menu item
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Quick reference
Model numbers covered by this document
The B&K Precision DC Loads covered y this manual are:
●8500
●8502
●8510
●8512
●8514
●8518
●8520
●8522
●8524
●8526
Unless otherwise noted, this document will refer to all of these instruments as the DC Load.
Instrument differences, where appropriate, will e noted.
Options and accessories
The items included with the instrument are:
1. Power cord
2. User manual
3. Installation CD with application software PV8500 and USB driver for TTL to USB adapter
4. TTL to USB serial adapter IT-E132B
5. Test report
Optional accessories are:
6. rack mount kit IT-E151 (availa le for models 8500, 8502, 8510, 8512, 8514, 8518)
Overview of instrument
The DC Load is a two terminal device that can e connected to DC sources. Here, a DC source is a
voltage that is always positive on the DC Load's + terminal referenced to the - terminal.
DC Electronic Loads are used for design, manufacturing and evaluation of DC power supplies,
atteries, and power components. Other applications include fuel-cell and photovoltaic cell test. The
DC Load can operate under the following modes:
●Draw a constant voltage from a DC source.
●Draw a constant current from a DC source.
●Draw a constant power from a DC source.
●Present a constant resistance to the DC source (this ehavior simulates a perfect resistor
whose resistance doesn't change as a function of current or voltage).
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The DC Load can present dynamically changing loads to the DC source with millisecond switching
times. The DC Load can e remotely programmed via a serial interface ( USB virtual COM).
Versatile triggering options allow the dynamic load ehavior to e synchronized with other events.
A attery test mode is provided that will measure the ampere*hour (A*hr) characteristic of a attery.
Shorts can e simulated y either the front panel or custom programming. The DC source or other
components can e protected from excessive voltage, current, or power, which will cause the DC
Load to shut down if excessive levels or reverse polarity are detected.
Dynamic profiles and last instrument states can e stored in non-volatile memory.
The DC Load is a versatile instrument for static and dynamic testing of power supplies, atteries, DC
to DC converters, and attery chargers.
Typical tasks
To perform the following tasks, consult the indicated sections
Task Section(s)
Manual on/off CC, CV, CW, or CR test Constant current mode
Constant voltage mode
Constant power mode
Constant resistance mode
Timed on/off CC, CV, CW, or CR test Constant current mode
Constant voltage mode
Constant power mode
Constant resistance mode
Timed operation
Triggered CC, CV, CW, or CR test Constant current mode
Constant voltage mode
Constant power mode
Constant resistance mode
Triggering
Constant load with one transient Transient operation
Load with multiple transients Lists (dynamic condition)
Determine A*hr characteristic of attery Battery test
Run a sequence of tests Test files
Front panel
The following picture is the front panel for the 8510 DC Load. All models have the same front panel,
only the terminal section will vary ased on the model.
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6
12
3 4 5
Button Function(s)
1
16-character display shows voltage and current measurements.
2
Rotary kno . Turn to adjust a setting value. Press in to toggle etween setting the
currently-selected mode's value and reading the voltage and current, as shown in
the a ove picture.
3
Power switch to turn the instrument on or off.
4
Numeric keypad:
Numeric entry keys.
Secondary key functions.
5
Keypad:
Ena le/disa le input.
Set up the current, voltage, power, and resistance modes.
Scroll through menus and options.
6
Input terminals. Depending on the model, you will have different types and
num ers of input terminals.
Models 8500/8502 come with one plus and one minus terminal
Models 8510/8512 come with two positive and two negative terminals however
each terminal is a le to sink the maximum current supported y the instrument.
Thus, it is not necessary to dou le up on the wires when sinking a high current
unless you wish to.
Models 8514/8518 also come with two positive and two negative terminals however
it is required to double up on the wires when sinking a current exceeding 120A.
Models 852x come with a screw terminal lock to connect the wires
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Standard display
The standard display for the instrument is the voltage and current at the instrument's terminals. You
may press the △ or ▽ keys to see the instantaneous power and the mode's parameter setting.
Standard display
Front panel keys
1
4
2
8 9
6 05
7
3 ESC
I-set V-set
R-set
Input on/off
Shift
P-set ENTER
PO ER A B
Tran
Store Recall S-Tran Menu
Local Battery Short Trigger
V-set Choose constant voltage mode.
I-set Choose constant current mode.
P-set Choose constant power mode.
R-set Choose constant resistance mode.
Shift + A
Set the current mode's load value from the A value of the
corresponding transient operation. See the Transient
operation section. This key does not work when the
TRAN annunciator is on.
Shift + B
Set the current mode's load value from the B value of the
corresponding transient operation. See the Transient
operation section. This key does not work when the
TRAN annunciator is on.
Shift + Store Store the DC Load state in non-volatile memory. You may
store 25 different states.
Shift + Recall Recall the DC Load state from non-volatile memory. You
may recall 25 different states.
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Shift + Menu Enter the instrument's menu system.
Shift + Short Turn short circuit on or off.
Shift + Tran Start or stop transient condition.
Shift + Trigger Causes an immediate trigger.
Shift + Battery Turn on or off attery testing function (measures attery
capacity in ampere*hours).
Shift + S-Tran Set transient condition parameters.
On/Off Turns DC Load ON or OFF (OFF is high impedance
state).
Shift The shift key is used to select the alternate operation of a
key, indicated y the word under the key.
△Scroll up key.
▽Scroll down key.
0 to 9Enter the digits 0 to 9.
•Decimal point.
Esc The escape key. It can e used to exit key oard entry or
move up a level in the menu.
Enter Enter the selected value or setting.
Rear panel
Your instrument's rear panel may look different from the following figure, ut the same functionality
will e present.
4
1
23
1
3 pin IEC320 AC input connector.
2
4 pin trigger and remote sensing connector.
3
9-Pin serial port interface connector. NOTE: This port's terminals utilize 5 volt
TTL logic signals. Do NOT connect an RS-232 ca le with standard RS-232
voltages on the ca les connectors. Doing so may damage the instrument and is
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not covered y warranty.
4
Line voltage selection switch (110 VAC or *220 VAC)
*For models 8524 and 8526, the line voltage switch is not usa le and does not
allow for 220VAC operation. Do not connect them directly into a 220V line. For
220V operation, please order model 8524-220V or 8526-220V.
Power Requirements
All of the models, except for models 8524 and 8526, can accept 110V or 220V line input. To switch
etween the two line voltage inputs:
1. Verify and change the fuse inside the fuse ox eneath the AC input receptacle. See fuse
section for reference to the fuse type and rating.
2. Flip the 110V/220V line selection switch in the rear panel of the instrument.
ARNING:
Models 8524 and 8526 are configured for 110 V operation only. These two models are not
configurable via the line switch on the rear panel. Connecting an AC line input of a 8524 and
8526 to a 220V AC source will damage the units. If 220 V operation is desired, order model 8524-
220V or 8526-220V. “-220V” denotes 220 V operation only, reconfiguration to 110 V is not
possible.
Display annunciators
Annunciator Meaning
OFF The load is off.
UNREG The input is unregulated.
CC Constant current mode.
CV Constant voltage mode.
C Constant power mode.
CR Constant resistance mode.
PROT Not used.
TRAN Transient operation is ena led.
LIST List mode is initiated or running.
SENSE Remote sensing is on.
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Annunciator Meaning
LIMIT Not used.
ERROR An error has occurred.
LINK
The instrument is communicating with an IT-E132B communications
adapter. This annunciator will stay lit for approximately 3 seconds
after the last remote communication with the DC Load.
RMT
Instrument is in the remote state. The only active key is the Local
key. This is set with the 0x20 remote command (see the Remote
programming section).
SHIFT The Shift key has een pressed.
LOCK The key oard is locked y a password.
Menus
Use Shift + 0 (Menu is secondary function) to enter the menus. “Lvl” indicates the menu level,
which is also indicated y the indentation of the menu item text. Scroll through the menu items
using the △ and ▽ keys. Return to a previous menu level y pressing the Esc key. Words in the
heavy font such as OFF indicate the default menu selection.
Lvl Menu item Function
1CONFIG
2INITIAL CONFIG Return instrument to factory default settings.
2PO ER-ON RECALL Power on state of instrument.
3ON Remem ers state at last power-down.
3OFF Does not remem er state at last power-down.
2INPUT RECALL Remem er whether load was ON
3ON
If load was ON prior to turning the power off, the ON
state will e resumed after power on. POWER-ON
RECALL must also e on for this to work.
3OFF After power on, the instrument will e in the OFF state.
2KEY SOUND SET
3ON Ena le audi le eep when key is pressed.
3OFF No sound when key is pressed.
2KNOB LOCK SET
3ON Rotary kno is non-functional.
3OFF Rotary kno is functional.
2SHORT CUT RECALL Quickly recall a setup register y pressing a num er
key.
3ON Allows quick recall of a setup y pressing the num er
key.
3OFF Pressing a num er key does not recall a setup.
2RANGE SELECT Change the precision of displayed values.
3ON Allows the user to select the instrument's range, giving
etter voltage and/or current resolution. Press Shift + △
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Lvl Menu item Function
or Shift + ▽ to toggle resolutions.
3OFF Current and voltage measurement resolution are fixed.
2REMOTE SENSE See the Remote sense section.
3ON Remote sensing is on.
3OFF Remote sensing is off.
2ADC UPDATE RATE Set the rate at which the display is updated.
3HIGH
3LOW
2TRIGGER SOURCE How the instrument is triggered.
3IMMEDIATE Triggered from the Shift + Trigger key.
3EXTERNAL Triggered from a TTL high signal (longer than 5 ms) at
the trigger connector on rear panel.
3BUS Triggered from a serial us command.
2CONNECT MODE
3MAXTIPLEXING Not supported with this hardware. (Should actually say
"multiplexing".)
3SEPARATE
2BAUDRATE SET Set the serial us connection speed.
34800
39600
319200
338400
2COMM. PARITY SET Serial connection parity.
3NONE
3EVEN
3ODD
2ADDRESS SET Set the instrument's address. Must e an integer
etween 0x00 and 0xFE inclusive.
2KEY LOCK SET
Set the instrument's password to 1 - 4 digits. Press the
Enter key without any data entry to remove the
password. If you accidentally locked the key oard,
follow instructions at the end of this manual, chapter “in
case of trou le” to unlock the keypads.
2EXIT Return to prior menu level.
1SYSTEM SET
2MAX CURRENT SET
Set the maximum allowed current. Exceeding this
value will cause the load to shut off. This value also
ecomes the maximum current you can set.
2MAX PO ER SET Set the maximum allowed power. Exceeding this value
will cause the load to shut off. This value also ecomes
the maximum power you can set.
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Lvl Menu item Function
2MAX VOLTAGE SET
Set the maximum allowed voltage. Exceeding this
value will cause the load to shut off. This value also
ecomes the maximum voltage you can set.
2VOLTAGE ON SET Used to set an ON voltage threshold. See the Voltage
threshold section. Default: 0.00 V
2VOLTAGE OFF SET Used to set an OFF voltage threshold. See the
Voltage threshold section. Default: 0.00 V
2EXIT Return to prior menu level.
1LIST SET Lists are programmed sequences of load values.
2MODE SET
3FIXED MODE Load characteristics set y front panel.
3LIST MODE Load characteristics are dynamic and controlled y a
list stored in memory.
2CALL LIST FILE Recall an existing list from nonvolatile memory.
3RECALL N N is list num er.
2EDIT LIST FILE Note that each list file has four lists, one for each
operation mode (CC, CV, CW, CR).
3CURRENT LIST
4ONCE List is executed once per trigger.
4REPEAT List is repeatedly executed after the trigger is received.
3VOLTAGE LIST
4ONCE List is executed once per trigger.
4REPEAT List is repeatedly executed after the trigger is received.
3PO ER LIST
4ONCE List is executed once per trigger.
4REPEAT List is repeatedly executed after the trigger is received.
3RESISTANCE LIST
4ONCE List is executed once per trigger.
4REPEAT List is repeatedly executed after the trigger is received.
2CALL TEST FILE Recalls a stored test file (see Test files section).
3RECALL N N is file num er.
2EDIT TEST FILE See Test files section for more details.
2LIST STORE MODE
Set how the nonvolatile memory is partitioned to store
lists. You can choose etween numerous short lists or
fewer longer lists.
38 X 120 STEPS
34 X 250 STEPS
32 X 500 STEPS
31 X 1000 STEPS
2EXIT Return to prior menu level.
1LOAD ON TIMER Ena le a timed load.
2TIMER STATE
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Lvl Menu item Function
3ON
When the load timer is ena led y this menu element,
the load is turned on when the On/Off key is pressed.
After the set time period has elapsed, the load is turned
off.
3OFF When the load is turned on via the On/Off key, the load
stays ON indefinitely.
2TIMER SET Set the time period from 1 to 60000 s for the load to e
on.
2EXIT Return to prior menu level.
1EXIT Return to standard display.
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Specifications
Models 8500 & 8502 (300 )
Parameter 8500 8502
Input rating
Voltage 0 – 120 V 0 – 500 V
Current 0 – 30 A 0 – 15 A
Power 300 W
8500/8502 common characteristics
Parameter Range
8500 8502 Accuracy Resolution
CV Mode
Regulation
0.1-18 V ±(0.05%+0.02% FS) 1 mV
0.1 – 120 V 0.1 – 500 V ±(0.05%+0.025% FS) 10 mV
CC Mode
Regulation
0 – 3 A 0 – 3 A ±(0.1%+0.1% FS) 0.1 mA
0 – 30 A 0 – 15 A ±(0.2%+0.15% FS) 1 mA
Current Measurement
0 – 3 A 0 – 3 A ±(0.1% + 0.1% FS) 0.1 mA
0 – 30 A 0 – 15 A 8500: ±(0.2%+0.15% FS)
8502: ±(0.2%+0.3% FS) 1 mA
Voltage Measurement 0-18 V ±(0.02% + 0.02% FS) 1 mV
0-120 V 0 – 500 V ±(0.02% + 0.025% FS) 10 mV
Models 8510/8512/8514/8518 (1200 & 2400 )
Parameter 8510 8512 8514 8518
Input rating
Voltage 0 – 120 V 0 – 500 V 0 – 120 V 0 – 60 V
Current 0 – 120 A 0 – 30 A 0 – 240 A 0 – 240 A
Power 600 W 1200 W
8510/8512/8514/8518 common characteristics
Parameter Range
8510 8512 8514 8518 Accuracy Resolution
CV Mode
Regulation
0.1-18 V ±(0.05%+0.02% FS) 1 mV
0.1 V to Vmax ±(0.05%+0.025% FS) 10 mV
CC Mode
Regulation
0-12 A 0-3 A 0-24 A ±(0.1%+0.1% FS) 1 mA
0 – max Current ±(0.2%+0.15% FS) 10 mA
Current Measurement 0-12 A 0-3 A 0-24 A ±(0.1% + 0.1% FS) 1 mA
0 – max. Current ±(0.2%+0.15% FS) 10 mA
Voltage Measurement 0 – 18 V
8510/8514:
(0.02% + 0.025% FS)
8512/8518:
(0.02% + 0.02% FS)
1 mV
0 - Vmax ±(0.02% + 0.025% FS) 10 mV
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Models 8520/8522/8524/8526 (2400 & 5000 )
Parameter 8520 8522 8524 8526
Input rating
Voltage 0 – 120 V 0 – 500 V 0 – 60 V 0 – 500 V
Current 0 – 240 A 0 – 120 A 0 – 240 A 0 – 120 A
Power 2400 W 5000 W
8520/8522/8524/8526 common characteristics
Parameter Range
8520 8522 8524 8526 Accuracy Resolution
CV Mode
Regulation
0.1-18 V ±(0.05%+0.02% FS) 1 mV
0.1 V to Vmax ±(0.05%+0.025% FS) 10 mV
CC Mode
Regulation
0-24 A 0-12 A 0-24 A 0-12 A ±(0.1%+0.1% FS) 1 mA
0 – max Current ±(0.2%+0.15% FS) 10 mA
Current Measurement 0-24 A 0-12 A 0-24 A 0-12 A ±(0.1% + 0.1% FS) 1 mA
0 – max. Current ±(0.2%+0.15% FS) 10 mA
Voltage Measurement 0 – 18 V
8522/8526:
(0.02% + 0.02% FS)
8520/8524:
(0.02% + 0.025% FS)
1 mV
0 - Vmax ±(0.02% + 0.025%FS) 10 mV
All DC load models
common characteristics for all DC load models
Parameter Range Accuracy Resolution
CR Mode Regulation
Input current ≥FS 10%
Input Voltage≥FS 10%
0.1 -10 Ω ±(1%+0.3% FS) 0.001 Ω
10-99 Ω ±(1%+0.3% FS) 0.01 Ω
100-999 Ω ±(1%+0.3% FS) 0. 1 Ω
1K-4 KΩ ±(1%+0.8% FS) 1 Ω
CW Mode Regulation
Input current ≥FS 10%
Input Voltage≥FS 10%
0-100 W ±(1%+0.1% FS) 1 mW
100 W – max Power ±(1%+0.1% FS) 100 mW
Power Measurement
Input current ≥ FS 10%
Input Voltage ≥ FS 10%
0-100 W ±(1%+0.1% FS) 1 mW
100-max Power ±(1%+0.1% FS) 100 mW
Battery testing function Input=0.1 V – 120 V Max measurement capacity= 999 A/H
Resolution =10 mA Timer range=1~60000 sec
Transition Mode Range of Frequency 0.1 Hz-1 kHz Frequency error rate＜0.5%
NOTE: Specifications and information are su ject to change without notice.
Environmental Conditions
This instrument is intended for indoor use in a pollution degree 2 environment. Operating
environmental limits are as follows:
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Parameter Specification
Humidity ≤ 95% relative humidity, non-condensing
Altitude ≤ 2000 m
AC Input *220 ACV ± 10%，47～63 Hz
110 ACV ± 10%，47～63 Hz
Operating temperature 0 – 40 ºC
Storage temperature -10 – 60 ºC
*For 220V operation on models 8524 and 8526, please order model 8524-220V and 8526-220V
respectively.
Internal Resistances
The internal resistances of the DC load models are less than or equal to the following values:
Model Internal
Resistance(mΩ)
8500 ≤ 35
8502 ≤ 200
8510 ≤ 15
8512 ≤ 100
8514 ≤ 8
8518 ≤ 5
8520 ≤ 45
8522 ≤ 30
8524 ≤ 6.5
8526 ≤ 15
Operational power curve
The DC load's output follows a power curve illustrated elow:
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The curved portion is where the dissipated power is at the rated power of the instrument (and is
actually a hyper olic shape). When you use the menu to set lower-than-maximum power or current,
the operating region may look like the following:
Note the gap etween the operating region and the current axis for lower voltages. More detail is
descri ed in the following section.
Low Voltage Characteristics
The following graphs show the voltage/current relationships for low voltages:
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lew rate
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