Campbell AM16/32B User manual

Table of Contents – i
AM16/32B
Relay Multiplexer
Revision: 12/20
Copyright © 1987 – 2020
Campbell Scientific, Inc.

Table of Contents – ii
Table of contents
1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Typical applications .....................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................1
2. Precautions..................................................................................................................................................... 2
3. Initial inspection ............................................................................................................................................ 2
4. QuickStart....................................................................................................................................................... 3
5. Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 9
6. AM16/32B specifications ............................................................................................................................10
7. Installation .....................................................................................................................................................12
7.1 Wiring to data logger ...............................................................................................................................13
7.1.1 Control terminals..................................................................................................................................13
7.1.2 COM terminals ......................................................................................................................................13
7.1.3 Measurement terminals .....................................................................................................................14
7.2 Grounding ....................................................................................................................................................14
7.3 Power supply ...............................................................................................................................................14
7.4 Installation in enclosure............................................................................................................................15
8. Operation ......................................................................................................................................................15
8.1 Programming...............................................................................................................................................16
8.1.1 Short Cut programs .............................................................................................................................16
8.1.2 Using CRBasic MuxSelect() instruction ..........................................................................................18
8.1.3 General programming considerations...........................................................................................18
8.1.4 Mixed sensor types..............................................................................................................................19
8.2 General measurement considerations.................................................................................................19
8.2.1 Long cable lengths ..............................................................................................................................19
8.2.2 Completion resistors ...........................................................................................................................19
8.2.3 Contact degradation ...........................................................................................................................19
Appendix A. Importing Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor ....................................................................20
Appendix B. Example measurements and programs ................................................................................21
B.1 Single-ended voltage measurement....................................................................................................21
B.2 Differential voltage measurement .......................................................................................................23
B.3 Half-bridge measurement ......................................................................................................................24
B.4 Full-bridge measurement .......................................................................................................................25
B.5 CS616 measurement.................................................................................................................................26

Table of Contents – iii
Appendix C. Thermocouple measurement .................................................................................................28
C.1 Measurement considerations ................................................................................................................28
C.1.1 Reference junction ..............................................................................................................................28
C.1.2 Data logger reference........................................................................................................................28
C.1.3 AM16/32B reference...........................................................................................................................30
C.1.4 Thermal gradients ...............................................................................................................................30
List of Figures
FIGURE 5-1. AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer............................................................................................................10
FIGURE 7-1. Example of AM16/32B-to-data-logger signal connection (4x16 mode) ............................14
FIGURE B-1. Typical single-ended voltage measurement connection ......................................................22
FIGURE B-2. Typical differential voltage measurement connection...........................................................23
FIGURE B-3. Typical half-bridge measurement connection .........................................................................24
FIGURE B-4. Full-bridge measurement ...............................................................................................................26
FIGURE C-1. Differential thermocouple measurement with reference junction at the data logger.29
FIGURE C-2. Differential thermocouple measurement with reference junction at the AM16/32B
(using 107-L thermistor) ...........................................................................................................................................29
FIGURE C-3. AM16/32B aluminum cover plate.................................................................................................30
List of Tables
Table 7-1. Control terminal function and data logger connection1.............................................................13
Table B-1. Wiring for single-ended voltage measurements CRBasic example .......................................22
Table B-2. Wiring for differential voltage measurements CRBasic example ...........................................23
Table B-3. Wiring for Campbell Scientific 107 temperature sensors CRBasic example........................25
Table B-4. Wiring for Load Cells CRBasic Example .........................................................................................26
Table B-5. Wiring for CS616 Sensor CRBasic Example ................................................................................... 27

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 1
1. Introduction
The primary function of the AM16/32B multiplexer (also known as a mux) is to increase the
number of sensors that can be measured by CR6, CR3000, CR1000X, CR800-series, CR300-series,
and CR1000 data loggers. The AM16/32B is positioned between the sensors and the data logger.
Mechanical relays in the AM16/32B connect each of the sensor channels in turn to a common
output destined for the data logger. The user program advances the multiplexer through the
sensor channels, making measurements and storing data.
A slide switch located on the AM16/32B top panel selects one of two modes of operation. In 2x32
mode, the multiplexer adds 32 terminal pairs. In 4x16 mode, it adds 16 terminal groups with four
terminals each. The data logger program is written according to the selected mode and the
sensors to be measured.
The maximum number of sensors multiplexed by an AM16/32B depends primarily on the type(s)
of sensors to be measured.
NOTE:
This manual provides information for CRBasic data loggers and AM16/32Bs with serial numbers
greater than 5056.
For Edlog and other retired data logger support, or for specifications for AM16/32Bs with serial
numbers less than 5056, see an older version of this manual at www.campbellsci.com/old-
manuals.
1.1 Typical applications
The AM16/32B is intended for use in applications where more terminals are needed than the data
logger has available. Most commonly, the AM16/32B is used to multiplex analog sensor signals,
although it can also be used to multiplex switched excitations, continuous analog outputs, or even
certain pulse counting measurements (those that require only intermittent sampling). It is also
possible to multiplex sensors of different, but compatible, types (see Mixed sensor types (p. 19)).
1.2 Compatibility
The AM16/32B is compatible with Campbell Scientific CR6, CR3000, CR1000X, CR800-series,
CR300-series, and CR1000 data loggers.
The AM16/32B is compatible with a wide variety of commercially available sensors. As long as
relay contact current maximums are not exceeded (see Precautions (p. 2)), and no more than four

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 2
lines are switched at a time, system compatibility for a specific sensor is determined by sensor-
data logger compatibility.
NOTE:
The AM16/32B is also compatible with the CDM-A108 and CDM-A116 24-bit analog input
modules by using the CRBasic CDM_MuxSelect() instruction. Refer to the
CRBasic Help
for
information on using the AM16/32B with these modules. The CDM-A100 Series manual includes
a sample program for the CDM-A108 and the AM16/32B.
2. Precautions
The AM16/32B is not designed to multiplex power. Its intended function is to switch low-level
analog signals. Switched currents in excess of 30 mA will degrade the relay contacts involved,
rendering that channel unsuitable for further low-level analog measurement. Customers who
need to switch power are directed to Campbell Scientific SDM-CD16AC, A6REL-12, or A21REL-12
relays.
Changing the setting of the mode switch from 4x16 to 2x32 connects COM ODD H to
COM EVEN H and also COM ODD L to COM EVEN L. After wiring the AM16/32B, exercise due
care to avoid inadvertently putting excess voltage on a line or short-circuiting a power supply,
which might damage connected devices such as data logger, wiring panel, sensor, or multiplexer,
and which would not be covered under warranty.
3. Initial inspection
•The AM16/32B ships with:
o4 grommets
o4 screws
•Upon receipt of the AM16/32B, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File
damage claims with the shipping company.
•Immediately check package contents. Thoroughly check all packaging material for product
that may be concealed. Check model number, part numbers, and product descriptions
against the shipping documents. Model or part numbers are found on each product. On
cables, the number is often found at the end of the cable that connects to the
measurement device. Ensure that the expected lengths of cables were received. Contact
Campbell Scientific immediately if there are any discrepancies.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 3
4. QuickStart
Short Cut is an easy way to program the data logger to make measurements through an
AM16/32B multiplexer. Short Cut is included in installations of LoggerNet , PC400 , PC200W , and
RTDAQ . It is also available as a download on www.campbellsci.com. Short Cut supports the CR6,
CR3000, CR1000X, CR800-series, and CR1000 data loggers when creating a program to take
measurements through an AM16/32B. Short Cut does not include support for programming the
CR300-series to use the AM16/32B. To use the AM16/32B with the CR300 series, the program
must be created in the CRBasic Editor . See Single-ended voltage measurement (p. 21) and
Differential voltage measurement (p. 23) for CR300-series programming examples.
This section will demonstrate programming a data logger to measure 6 Campbell Scientific 107
temperature sensors as an example for creating a program using a multiplexer. With minor
changes, these steps also apply to other measurements and data loggers.
Open
Short Cut
. From the
LoggerNet
toolbar, click
Program
>
Short
Cut
. In
PC200W
and
PC400
,
click on the
Short Cut
icon.
Select
Create
New
Program
.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 4
NOTE:
The first time
Short Cut
is
run, a prompt will appear asking
for a choice of first notch
frequency. Select
60 Hz Noise
Rejection
for the United States and
areas using 60 Hz AC voltage.
Select
50 Hz Noise Rejection
for
most of Europe and areas that
operate at 50 Hz.
A second prompt lists sensor
support options.
Campbell
Scientific,
Inc. (US)
is the best
option outside Europe.
To change the first notch
frequency or sensor support
option for future programs, use the
Program
menu.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 5
Select the data logger model in the
Datalogger Model
drop-down list.
This tutorial uses the CR6-series
data logger.
The
Progress Bar
is used to track
the progress of the program being
created. It is also used to jump
directly to any step in the
programming process.
The next window displays
Available
Sensors and Devices
. Expand a
folder by clicking on the symbol.
Expand the
Devices
folder, then
double-click on the
AM16/32
to
add it to the
Selected
panel.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 6
When the AM16/32 multiplexer is
added as a device, a new
AM16/32
tab will appear at the bottom of
the
Available
Sensors
and
Devices
pane. With the
AM16/32
tab
selected, select the
Sensors
>
Temperature
subfolder.
Doubleclick on
107 Temperature
Probe (4-wire)
.
In the resulting window, enter the
number of 107 temperature probes
to measure on this AM16/32B
multiplexer. For this tutorial, enter
6
as the number of 107 (4-wire)
sensors to add. Click
OK
in the
dialog window to accept the
default name of
T107_C
and the
default units of
Deg C
.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 7
In the
Scan
Interval
box, enter how
frequently the data logger should
make measurements. When
measuring with an AM16/32B
multiplexer, an interval of 30
seconds or longer is
recommended. Enter
30
and select
Seconds
.
Click
Next
.
After adding the measurements,
click
Wiring Diagram
to see how
the sensors are wired to the
AM16/32B and how the AM16/32B
is wired to the data logger. The
data logger tab (
CR6 Series
in this
example) shows the connection
between the AM16/32B and the
data logger, and the
AM16/32
tab
shows the sensor connection to
the AM16/32B.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 8
With power disconnected, wire the
sensors and devices as shown in
the wiring diagrams. Insert the
wires, taking care to tighten the
terminals on the conductors
themselves, not the insulation.
Click on Sensors in the Progress list
to return to the sensor-selection
screen.
Select any other sensors being
installed in the
Sensors
section.
Add sensors to the data logger by
selecting the data logger tab (
CR6
in this example). Add sensors to
the multiplexer by selecting the
AM16/32
tab.
Finish the remaining
Short Cut
steps to complete the program.
The remaining steps are outlined in
Short Cut Help
, which is accessed
by clicking on
Help
>
Short Cut
Help
>
Contents
>
Programming
Steps.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 9
If
LoggerNet
,
PC200W
,
PC400
, or
RTDAQ
is running on the computer
and the computer-todata-logger
connection is active, click
Finish
in
Short Cut
, and a prompt will
appear to send the program just
created to the data logger.
After powering on and sending the program to the data logger, check the output of sensors in
the data logger support software data display to make sure the measurements are within the
expected range.
5. Overview
Under data logger control, the AM16/32B sequentially connects terminal pairs or groups to data
logger terminals. This effectively expands the number of terminals available on a data logger.
FIGURE 5-1 shows the wiring panel of the AM16/32B multiplexer. The group of four terminals
located near the mode switch are dedicated to the connection of data logger power and control
lines. COM ODD and EVEN terminals on the other side of the mode switch carry multiplexed
signals destined for data logger terminals. The remaining terminals on the AM16/32B are for
sensor and sensor-shield connection. All of the inputs of the AM16/32B are protected against

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 10
surges with transient suppression. Data-logger-to-AM16/32B cabling requires a minimum of six
and as many as nine individually insulated wires with shields.
FIGURE 5-1. AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer
6. AM16/32B specifications
Power1, 2:
Unregulated 9.6 to 16 VDC
Current drain
Quiescent:
< 210 µA
Active:
6 mA typical in 2x32 mode
11 mA typical in 4x16 mode
Reset (RES)1:
A continuous signal between 3.3 VDC and 8 VDC holds the
AM16/32B in an active state (where a clock pulse can trigger a
channel advance). A signal voltage < 0.9 VDC deactivates the
AM16/32B (clock pulse will not trigger a channel advance;
AM16/32B is also reset).
Clock (CLK)1:
On the transition from <1.5 V to >3.3 V, a channel advance is
actuated on the leading edge of the clock signal; clock pulse
should be a minimum of 1 ms wide; maximum voltage is 8 VDC.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 11
Operational temperature
Standard:
–25 to 50 °C
Extended:
–55 to 85 °C
Operational humidity:
0 to 95%, non-condensing
Dimensions
Length:
23.9 cm (9.4 in)
Width:
10.2 cm (4.0 in)
Depth:
4.6 cm (1.8 in)
Weight:
680 g (1.5 lb) (approx.)
Mounting tab hole spacing:
1 x 3 x 9 in. Up to 1/8 in or 3 mm diameter screws
Expandability3(nominal):
4 AM16/32Bs per CR6
4 AM16/32Bs per CR3000
4 AM16/32Bs per CR1000X
2 AM16/32Bs per CR800/CR850
1 AM16/32B per CR300
4 AM16/32Bs per CR1000
Maximum cable length:
Depends on sensor and scan rate. In general, longer cable
lengths necessitate longer measurement delays. Refer to data
logger and sensor manuals for details.
Maximum switching current4:
500 mA
Contact specifications
Initial contact resistance:
<0.1 Ω max.
Initial contact bounce:
<1 ms
Contact material:
Silver Palladium
Wiper to N.O. contact
capacitance:
0.5 pF
Typical low-current
(<30 mA) life:
5 x 107operations

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 12
Maximum contact voltage
rating:
70 V
Relay Switching
Thermal emf:
0.3 µV typical; 0.5 µV maximum
Operate time:
<10 ms over temperature and supply ranges
Break-before-make guaranteed by design.
Relays disengage from previous selected channel before
engaging next channel.
ESD
Air discharge:
complies with IEC61000-4-2, test level 4 (±15 kV)
Contact discharge:
complies with IEC61000-4-2, test level 4 (±8 kV)
Surge:
Complies with IEC61000-4-5, test level 3
(±2 kV, 2 ohms coupling impedance)
Compliance:
View EU Declaration of Conformity at
www.campbellsci.com/am16-32b
1The Reset, Clock, and +12V terminals are protected by 18-volt TVS diodes.
2For power specifications on serial numbers less than 5056, refer to an older version of this manual at
www.campbellsci.com/old-manuals.
3Assumes sequential activation of multiplexers and that each data logger channel is uniquely dedicated. If the
application requires additional multiplexing capability, please consult Campbell Scientific for application assistance.
4Switching currents greater than 30 mA (occasional 50 mA current is acceptable) will degrade the contact surfaces of
the mechanical relays and increase their resistance. This will adversely affect the suitability of these relays to multiplex
low voltage signals. Although a relay used in this manner no longer qualifies for low voltage measurement, it
continues to be useful for switching currents in excess of 30 mA.
7. Installation
If using Short Cut to program the data logger, skip Section 7.1, Wiring to Data Logger. Short Cut
creates the wiring diagram. See QuickStart (p. 3) for a Short Cut tutorial.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 13
7.1 Wiring to data logger
Removable terminal strips allow wiring to remain intact while the multiplexer is used elsewhere.
The green terminal strips are easily removed; no tools are required. Replacement terminal strips
may be purchased from Campbell Scientific.
7.1.1 Control terminals
Table 7-1 shows control connections to Campbell Scientific data loggers.
Table 7-1. Control terminal function and data logger connection
Control terminal
Function
Data logger connection terminal
12V
Power
12V
G
Power ground
G
(power ground)
CLK
Clock
C
(control port),
U
(universal) terminal
configured for control
RES
Reset
C
,
U
terminal configured for control
7.1.2 COM terminals
The four terminals dedicated to multiplexer-data-logger connection are located under the blue
COM label next to the mode switch. The terminals are labeled: ODD H/L and EVEN H/L. In 4x16
mode, the AM16/32B maintains the four COM terminals electrically isolated from one another. In
2x32 mode, the AM16/32B maintains an internal connection between ODD H and EVEN H and
between ODD L and EVEN L. How the COM terminals connect to data logger terminals
determines the function of the measurement terminals. For proper function, these terminals must
be wired according to the measurement instructions in the CRBasic program. See Operation
(p. 15) for details and Example measurements and programs (p. 21) for examples.
Common terminals are provided next to the COM ODD and COM EVEN terminals. They
connect internally to the other thirty-two terminals on the AM16/32B and are connected at all
times (not switched). Their function is to provide a path to ground for sensor cable shields. A
COM terminal should be wired to data logger ground (⏚) as shown in FIGURE 7-1.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 14
FIGURE 7-1. Example of AM16/32B-to-data-logger signal connection (4x16 mode)
7.1.3 Measurement terminals
Wire sensors and transducers according to the COM terminal connections and the measurement
instructions in the CRBasic program. See Operation (p. 15) for details and Example measurements
and programs (p. 21) for examples.
7.2 Grounding
Connect the AM16/32B ground lug to earth ground via an 8 AWG wire. Keep this connection as
short as possible. The ground lug provides a path to dissipate surges that might propagate on a
sensor shield line. A 35 V varistor is connected internally between the shield ground and the
ground lug to provide surge suppression.
The AM16/32B GND terminal is connected to data logger power ground. The AM16/32B GND
terminal is also connected to the cable shield and, via that, to data logger power ground (see
Table 7-1). If a separate power supply is used, connect the AM16/32B ground to the power supply
ground. Connect an AM16/32B COM terminal to a data logger signal ground (⏚) via the cable
that connects the COM terminals (see FIGURE 7-1). The data logger must connect to earth ground
by one of the methods described in the installation and maintenance section of the data logger
manual.
7.3 Power supply
The AM16/32B requires a continuous power supply for operation. The positive side of the power
supply is connected to 12V, and the negative side is connected to G. Connect the Gwire first for
safety.

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 15
The average power required to operate an AM16/32B depends on the percentage of time it is
active. At a minimum, the power supply must be able to sustain the system between site visits
anticipating the worst environmental extremes. Refer to the application note Power Supplies and
the video Power Budgeting, both available at www.campbellsci.com, for more help in selecting a
power supply.
7.4 Installation in enclosure
Protect the AM16/32B from moisture. Moisture in the electronics will seriously damage the
AM16/32B. In most cases, protection from water is easily accomplished by placing the AM16/32B
in a weathertight enclosure with desiccant and elevating the enclosure above the ground.
Desiccant in enclosures should be changed periodically. Use a humidity indicator card inside the
enclosure to determine when the desiccant needs to be replaced.
Mount the AM16/32B to an enclosure backplate by inserting the included screws through the
mounting holes in the AM16/32B and into the included grommets.
8. Operation
The reset (RES) line is used to switch on the AM16/32B by applying 3.3 to 8 VDC. When this line
drops lower than 0.9 VDC, the multiplexer enters a low-power, low current-drain state. In the low-
power state, the common (COM) terminals are electrically disconnected from all the sensor input
channels. Always connect RES to a data logger terminal configured for control.
The MuxSelect() instruction is used to turn on the AM16/32B and advance to the channel
specified in the instruction. When the instruction is first given, the COM terminals are switched to
connect with the first set of measurement terminals according to the mode switch, either 4x16 or
2x32. Measurement instructions run within a SubScan()/NextSubScan construct.
PulsePort()at the end of the SubScan switches (or clocks) to the next set of measurement
terminals by sending a pulse on CLK. The voltage level must fall below 1.5 VDC and then rise
above 3.3 VDC to clock the multiplexer.
Once the measurements are complete, PortSet() returns the AM16/32B to a low-power state.
Example programs using the MuxSelect() instruction are found in Example measurements and
programs (p. 21).
Another method of operation uses the PortSet() instruction in place of MuxSelect().
Typically, this is seen when creating the program in Short Cut or migrating a program from the
older AM16/32 or AM16/32A multiplexers. The program created in QuickStart (p. 3) uses the
PortSet() instruction.
The terminals for sensor attachment are divided into 16 groups (mode switch set to 4x16) or into
32 groups (mode switch set to 2x32). The groups consist of four or two Simultaneously Enabled

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 16
Terminals (SETs). With the mode switch set to 4x16, the blue channel numbers apply. The SETs are
numbered starting at 1(1H, 1L, 2H, 2L) and continuing until SET 16 (31H, 31L, 32H, 32L).
In 4x16 mode, the odd-numbered terminals (example: 5H, 5L) are relay-switched to the COM
ODD terminals while the even terminals (6H, 6L) are switched to the COM EVEN terminals. When
activated by the RES line, as the AM16/32B receives clock pulses from the data logger, each SET of
four in turn is switched into contact with the four COM terminals. For example, when the first
clock pulse is received from the data logger, SET 1, consisting of 1H, 1L, 2H, and 2L, is connected
to COM ODD H, ODD L, EVEN H, and EVEN L terminals respectively. When the second clock pulse
is received, the first SET is switched out (SET 1sensor inputs become open circuits), and SET 2(3H,
3L, 4H, 4L) are connected to the four COM terminals. A given SET will typically be connected to
the common terminals for 10 ms.
With the mode switch set to 2x32, the white channel numbers apply. The SETs are labeled
beginning with 1H, 1L and ending with 32H, 32L. In 2x32 mode when the AM16/32B selects a
given channel, the Hterminal is relay-connected to both COM H terminals, and the Lsensor
terminal is connected to both COM L terminals.
8.1 Programming
8.1.1 Short Cut programs
In most cases, Short Cut is the best way to create or begin data logger programs for the
AM16/32B multiplexer. See QuickStart (p. 3) for a Short Cut tutorial. The details that follow pertain
to CRBasic programs generated by Short Cut .
NOTE:
To accommodate the AM16/32 and AM16/32A,
Short Cut
adds a delay of 150 ms after enabling
the multiplexer. This delay is not required for the AM16/32B and may be deleted to increase the
speed of the program.
When programming with Short Cut , three instructions operate the multiplexer: 1) the PortSet()
instruction enables or disables the multiplexer, 2) the SubScan()/NextSubScan instruction
begins/ends the measurement loop, and 3) the PulsePort() instruction clocks through the
measurement channels. The CRBasic program must also specifically increment an index variable
and use that variable to determine where each measurement is stored. The generalized
programming sequence follows:

AM16/32B Relay Multiplexer 17
'Turn AM16/32B Multiplexer on
PortSet(C2,1)
'Delay command inserted by Short Cut.
'Not required by AM16/32B and may be removed to increase program speed.
Delay(0,150,mSec)
'Reset counter
LCount=1
'Begin measurement loop
SubScan(0,uSec,5) 'measures 5 sets
'Switch to next AM16/32B Multiplexer channel
PulsePort(C1,10000)
'Make measurements
'Increment counter according to measurement mode
LCount=LCount+1
NextSubScan
'Turn AM16/32 Multiplexer off
PortSet(C2,0)
The SubScan() instruction is used to create a measurement loop for the multiplexer. The third
parameter in the SubScan() instruction, Count, is the number of sets on the multiplexer that
will be used. For example, if the instruction is SubScan(0,μSec,7) and the multiplexer is in
2x32 mode, the first seven terminal pairs (numbers in white) on the multiplexer will be used.
When in 4x16 mode, this instruction will use the first seven groups of four (numbers in blue) on
the multiplexer.
It may be desirable to use the repetition parameter, Reps, of the measurement instructions
between SubScan() and NextSubScan. The repetitions parameter is the number of sensors
per instruction that will be measured. See the examples below:
Example 1
'Example 1
LCount = 1
SubScan (0,uSec,7)
PulsePort (C1,10000)
VoltDiff (Dest(LCount),1,mV5000,1,True ,0,60,1.0,0)
LCount = LCount + 1
NextSubScan
In this example, one measurement is made per VoltDiff() instruction because the instruction
has a repetition parameter of 1(the second parameter in the VoltDiff() instruction). With the
multiplexer in 2x32 mode, differential voltage measurements will be made on the first seven 2x32
terminal pairs because the Count parameter of the SubScan() instruction is 7.