Caravaggi RIVO 280 T Manual

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USE AND MAINTENANCE HANDBOOK
Windrow turner
RIVO 280 T
PLEASE READ THIS HANDBOOK THOROUGHLY BEFORE OPERATING THE
MACHINE.
Caravaggi Srl - Via Monte Adamello, 20 - 25037 Pontoglio (BS) - ITALY
TRANSLATION OF THE ORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONS

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CONTENTS
1 - INTRODUCTION PAG. 3
2 - ABOUT THIS INSTRUCTION MANUAL PAG. 6
3 - IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAIN PARTS PAG. 7
4 - CORRECT USE OF THE MACHINE PAG. 8
5 - UNPACKING AND PREPARATION PAG. 8
6 - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS PAG. 9
7 - SAFETY RULES PAG. 10
8 - STARTING UP PAG. 12
9 - MAINTENANCE PAG. 13
10 - FAULT-FINDING PAG. 14
11 - MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE PAG. 15
12 - WARRANTY PAG. 16

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1. HAZARD PICTORIALS
Warning!
Wear a hard hat, hearing protectors and safety goggles.
Warning!
Wear protective gloves.
Warning!
Wear safety shoes.
Warning!
Wear clothes that are suitable for work on machines with moving parts.
Hazard!
Projection of splinters. Keep to a safety distance from loading and unloading
equipment.

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Hazard!
Keep arms well away from moving parts.
Hazard!
Keep fingers well away from cutting elements.
STOP
Hazard!
Make sure the blades have stopped completely before approaching.
Caution!
Only one person must operate the machine.
Caution!
Machine lifting point.

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Danger!
Keep well away from moving parts.
540
Important!
Keep to the correct machine power takeoff revs.

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2. ABOUT THIS INSTRUCTION MANUAL
This instruction manual has been written for the user of the machine, the owner, the maintenance operator
and the repair technician and must always be available for consultation.
It explains the purposes for which the machine was designed and the machine’s technical characteristics. It
contains instructions for transport, cleaning, adjustments, use, maintenance and ordering spare parts. It also
contains information for the operator, details of residual risks, and warnings with regard to operations that
must be carried out with particular care.
The machine must only be used by a fully qualified and authorized person who is well acquainted with the
operating principles, correct method of use and hazards.
This handbook and the CE declaration of conformity are an integral part of the machine. They must be
handed over to the buyer if the machine is resold and they must always be kept for future reference until the
machine is scrapped.
The instruction manual must always be available for consultation and must be kept in a dry, protected place.
If the handbook gets lost or damaged, a replacement copy can be obtained from the manufacturer, quoting
the serial number, type and year of construction shown on the plate fixed to the machine (section 5).
The manufacturer reserves the right to update its products and the instruction manual without the obligation
to update earlier versions.
The manufacturer disclaims all liability in the following cases:
•improper use of the machine
•uses not in accordance with the instructions contained herein
•serious deficiencies in prescribed and recommended maintenance
•unauthorised modifications or interference
•use of spare parts that are not original or model-specific
•total or partial failure to follow the instructions
•force majeure.

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3. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAIN PARTS
1 - CARRIAGE
2 - ROTOR
3 - FRAME
4 - FRAME WHEEL
5 - BALLAST BOX
4
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2
1

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4. CORRECT USE OF THE MACHINE
The machine must only be operated by one person at a time. The operator must remain in the work position
by the loading hopper while the machine is in operation.
In order to use the machine correctly, the operator must first read and understand the instructions in this
handbook.
The operator must ensure that no people or animals come within the range of action while the machine is
running. Stop the machine immediately if anyone approaches.
The mobile turner mod. Rivo 280 T of Caravaggi has been built to be able to turn and amass in piles plant
material previously crushed and screened. It is not allowed to use for different purposes (eg. Turning
materials other than those listed above).
The machine is not suitable for turning over products other than those listed above.
The operator must read this manual and follow the instructions carefully.
5. UNPACKING AND PREPARATION
The mobile turner can be partially dismantled for transport and handling purposes prior to use.
The parts can be moved using a bridge crane with an approximate capacity of 3,000 kg.
Cardan shaft machines can be hooked up to a tractor.
All the machines can be lifted and transported by means of cranes or winches, using hooks and cables, which must be
approved and of an adequate capacity. Hook up to the lugs, as shown in the pictogram affixed to the machine.
Only safe sturdy hooks, such as snap hooks, must be used for lifting. Exercise extreme caution when loading
and unloading the machine. These operations must only be carried out by qualified personnel (slingers, truck
operators, etc.). Never pass or stand underneath the machine when it has been raised off the ground.
Do not:
•lift the machine using ropes or other unsuitable means;
•drag the machine along the ground;
•subject the machine to knocks or impact;
•expose the machine to rain, frost or other bad weather conditions.
On taking delivery, check that the contents correspond to the delivery note.
If you find any damage or deformity due to transport, report this to the carrier immediately and inform the
authorised dealer or the manufacturer. In particular, check the machine for:
•dents, bumps or deformation;
•damp areas or signs indicating that the pack has been exposed to foul weather;
•signs of tampering.

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6. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
A CE identification plate is affixed on the mobile turner 280 T in a clearly visible position (Fig. 5). In all
communications with the manufacturer, state the serial number on the identification plate.
Fig. 5
6.1 Overall dimensions
Fig. 6 Fig. 7
Length 3800 mm
Width 1700 mm
Height 3300 mm
Unloaded weight ~ 2500 Kg.
25037 PONTOGLIO (BS) - VIA M. ADAMELLO, 20
TEL. [phone] - FAX [phone] - ITALY

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7. SAFETY RULES
This handbook contains rules on how to use the machine properly and details of the hazards that may be
encountered. Besides following the rules, the operator should use the machine sensibly, based on his
experience, and adopt all the necessary precautions to prevent accident or injury.
The manufacturer cannot be held liable for any alterations to the machine that are not authorised in advance
in writing.
The mobile turner mod. Rivo 280 T of Caravaggi has been built to be able to turn and amass in piles plant
material previously crushed and screened. It is not allowed to use for different purposes (eg. Turning
materials other than those listed above).
The machine must only be operated by a fully qualified person who is authorised to do so and is thoroughly
acquainted with the operating principles and the inherent hazards. Read through the handbook before setting
to work. The machine must not be operated by children.
7.1 GENERAL SAFETY RULES
•Fundamental rule: check the machine carefully each time before starting up.
•Besides following the recommendations contained in this handbook, it is important to follow the general
safety and accident-prevention rules. Before using the machine, the operator must be fully acquainted
with its features, devices, controls and functions.
•Before setting to work, make sure the blades are properly secured (version with blades on feed screw). If
they look damaged, they need to be replaced. Mount the blades as instructed and only use original
spares supplied by the manufacturer (or an authorised dealer).
•Before and after each work session, check that the guards, covers and safety devices are correctly
installed and integral, and are properly secured with nuts and bolts.
•The notices on the machine provide a series of important instructions. They are there to enable you to
work in complete safety. Read all the safety stickers on the machine and follow the instructions on them.
If they become damaged or unreadable, they need to be cleaned or replaced in the exact position, as
described in the relevant section.
•The machine must only be used in an open space, on flat, firm ground that is free from obstacles. Make
sure the machine is positioned stably before operating.
•Do not use the machine in the rain.
•Anyone approaching the machine enters the danger area and hence becomes an EXPOSED PERSON.
It is up to the operator to prevent other people from entering the danger area and he himself must act
with extreme caution. Stop the machine immediately if anyone enters the danger area.
•Caution: the blades continue to turn for several seconds after the engine has been switched off.
•Keep this handbook readily available so that you can consult it for details of the operating cycle and
maintenance instructions. If it gets lost or damaged, a replacement copy can be obtained from
Caravaggi.
•The machine is designed for use by one operator only, who must always stand in front of the control
panel.
•Do not wear items of clothing that are likely to get caught up in the mechanism, such as long wide
sleeves, belts, and necklaces.
•Hearing protectors and safety goggles must always be worn when operating the machine.
•Do not leave the machine unattended while it is running.
•Do not place any tools or other objects on the machine as they could damage it or injure the operator.
•Use only original spares provided by Caravaggi.
Safety rules during operation
•Check the turner roller is free before starting up the machine.
•Keep the face and hands well away from the turner roller.
•Stand firmly on the ground while operating the machine and keep well away from the moving parts.
•Before feeding in any material, make sure the hopper contains no stones, pieces of metal, tin cans,
bottles or similar objects.
•Switch off the machine if there is a malfunction, abnormal vibration or any strange noises. Disconnect the
power supply (remove the keys from the engine’s panel) and determine the cause of the problem.

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7.2 SPECIFIC SAFETY RULES
7.2.1 Cardan-shaft models
•All maintenance, adjustment and cleaning operations (e.g. removing foreign bodies from the blades) must
be carried out with the machine standing on firm ground, the tractor engine off, the handbrake engaged, the
ignition switched off and the key removed.
•Never stand between the tractor and the machine with the power takeoff connected and the engine on.
•Make sure the cardan shaft guards are integral and in good condition.
•Any damaged or broken guards must be replaced immediately.
•When the machine is not connected to the power source, the cardan shaft must be placed on its
support.Never use the machine in enclosed or poorly ventilated areas (even if the doors and windows are
open), as the exhaust fumes are toxic.
•Cardan-shaft models must only be used when connected to the tractor’s 3-point coupling.
•Before detaching the machine from the tractor, make sure it is standing still on flat, firm ground.

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8. STARTING UP
Make sure the work area is clear of people, vehicles and any other obstacles. Perform the following
operations with the utmost care.
8.1 Preliminary operations when using the machine for the first time
•Unload the machine from the lorry.
•Position the machine in the work area on a firm flat surface.
•Fill the ballast box with material of a suitable specific weight, such as sand or gravel.
•Mount the frame on the carriage, inserting the locking pins and connecting the hydraulic cylinder.
•Check that the working conditions are right.
•Hitch the carriage up to the tractor.
•Check that the power takeoffs are disengaged, then connect the cardan shaft to the power takeoffs of the
Windrow Turner and the tractor.
•Activate the tractor power takeoff and check that the rotor turns freely.
8.2 General rules to follow each day before use
•Position the machine in the work area on a firm flat surface.
•Check that the working conditions are right.
•Hitch the eye of the carriage up to the tractor.
•Check that the power takeoffs are disengaged, then connect the cardan shaft to the power takeoffs of the
Windrow Turner and the tractor.
•Activate the tractor power takeoff and check that the rotor turns freely.
8.3 Version with 3-point tractor coupling
•Before hooking the machine up to the 3-point couplings, position the tractor safety device so that the rear
jack cannot be raised or lowered accidentally.
•The 3-point couplings of the tractor and the machine must coincide or be adapted.
•Beware of the risk of getting crushed or cut in the rear jack boom tie rod area of the tractor.
•Do not use the tractor’s external control to raise the machine.
•Drive the tractor towards the machine until the jack bars coincide with the 3-point coupling of the machine
and connect them via the pivots provided.
•Insert the safety pins in the holes in the pivots, lock them and double check.
•Connect the third point to the upper coupling and adjust the length to position the machine parallel to the
ground.
•Insert and lock the safety pin. Lock the third-point no-unscrew device.
•Raise the machine a few centimetres off the ground and operate the side tie rods of the jack bars to
prevent lateral movement.
8.3.1 Installing the cardan shaft
•After connecting the machine to the tractor, insert the cardan shaft in the tractor power takeoff. This must
be done with the engine off and the key removed from the ignition.
•Before using the cardan shaft, read the accompanying user handbook. If you do not intend to use the
cardan shaft provided with the machine, make sure the machine and tractor casings overlap the cardan
shaft guard by at least the legal requirement of 5 cm.
•Clean and lubricate the power takeoff.
•Lubricate the cardan shaft periodically, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Refer to the user
maintenance handbook.
•Mount the cardan shaft in the direction specified by the manufacturer, as marked on the outside of the
guard (tractor icon on the outer tube of the shaft towards the tractor power takeoff).
•Hook up the anti-rotation chains.
•Make sure the extension-preventing safety device (button or ring nut) is correctly inserted and locked in
position.
•Check the direction of rotation and make sure the power takeoff is set to 540 rpm, the speed for which the
machine is designed.
•The cardan shaft must always be connected to the power takeoff last and disconnected first at the end of
the job.
•Only use cardan shafts with integral guards.
•When the cardan shaft is disconnected from the power takeoff, it must always be placed on its support.
•Caravaggi declines all liability for damage or injury caused by incorrect installation and use of the cardan
shaft.

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8.4 Functioning
Make sure the work area is clear of people, vehicles and any other obstacles. Perform the following
operations with the utmost care.
8.4.1 Preliminary operations
Check the dimensions of the pile of compost to be turned (max width 2800 mm, max height 1500 mm).
8.4.2 Operating procedure
•Direct the frame of the Windrow Turner towards the pile of compost.
•Activate the tractor power takeoff, switch on the rotor and advance towards the pile.
•Proceed at a rate to allow optimal turning of the pile of compost.
8.4.3 At the end:
•Move the Windrow Turner to an area free of obstacles.
•Switch off the rotor and disengage the tractor power takeoff.
•Swing the frame up into the vertical (stowed) position.
•Unhitch the carriage from the tractor.
IMPORTANT
If there is a malfunction or imminent damages, disengage the tractor power takeoff immediately.
Before switching off the tractor engine, make sure there are no obstacles anywhere in the vicinity.

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9. EXTRAORDINARY MAINTENANCE
Maintenance must always be performed with cardan shaft and power takeoff disengaged. Always
follow the accident prevention rules very carefully.
9.1 Replacing the rotor paddles
•Raise the rotor 20-30 cm off the ground from the edge of the paddles by operating the jack on the frame
wheel.
•Unscrew the two screws securing the paddles to the rotor support.
•Remove the worn paddles.
•Mount the new paddles.
•Tighten the screws, using new self-locking nuts.
•It is possible to replace only some of the paddles, but it is important to take rotor balance into account, i.e.
when replacing one paddle, the opposite one has to be replaced as well. The problem of rotor balance can
be avoided by placing all the paddles at the same time.

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10. FAULT-FINDING
PROBLEM CHECKS
1 - THE ROTOR DOES NOT TURN WITH THE TRACTOR ENGINE ON. A + B + C
2 - LOSS OF POWER DURING TURNING. B + D + E + F
3 - EXCESSIVE VIBRATION. E
4 - EXCESSIVE PADDLE WEAR. F
CHECKS
A CHECK THAT THE TRACTOR POWER TAKEOFF IS ENGAGED.
B CHECK THE REDUCTION GEAR.
C CHECK THAT THE CARDAN SHAFT IS ENGAGED.
D CHECK THE TENSION AND STATE OF THE MESH CHAIN AND MAKE SURE THE GEARS HAVE
NOT JAMMED.
E CHECK THE PADDLES FOR WEAR AND MAKE SURE THE ROTOR HAS NOT JAMMED.
F CHECK THE MATERIAL BEING TURNED.

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11. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
Operations to be performed at the end of each day. Follow the instructions in this order, always
bearing in mind the safety rules.
1 - Check all the rotation points (brackets, joints, etc.) and lubricate with a suitable grade and quantity
of grease.
2 - Check the pipes, fittings and hydraulic valves for leaks.
3 - Make sure all the nuts, screws and bolts are tight.
4 - Check the bearings, gears and transmission chains for signs of wear.
5 - Make sure the safety guards are mounted and efficient.
6 - Clean the machine thoroughly.

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12. GENERAL CONDITIONS OF WARRANTY
Warranty
1 - CARAVAGGI guarantees its WINDROW TURNERS against breakage caused by material or
manufacturing defects.
2 – The warranty covering your WINDROW TURNER comes into effect on the date of purchase and/or
delivery, and is valid only for the first owner for a period of 12 months.
3 - CARAVAGGI has the right to inspect the WINDROW TURNER and the components for which claims are
made under the warranty in order to verify the validity of the warranty.
4 – The warranty covers the free replacement only of components found to be faulty due to material or
manufacturing defects. Trade parts and accessories are not covered by the warranty.
5 – Charges for labour, consumable materials and transport connected with repairs under the warranty will
not be reimbursed.
Warranty invalidation
1 - CARAVAGGI cannot be held liable for damage in general, including damage or personal injury, lost
income or production stoppages, hire charges and any moral or commercial damage, all of which are
therefore excluded from the warranty.
2 – All warranty claims regarding the motors mounted on the WINDROW TURNERS are the responsibility of
the service network and therefore not of CARAVAGGI.
3- The warranty does not cover damage caused by improper use, misuse, insufficient maintenance,
accidents or damage caused during transport.
4 – Consumable items subject to wear and tear, such as bearings and belts, are not covered by the warranty.
5 – The distributor, seller or dealer is responsible for the settings and set-up.
6 – Repairs, maintenance or modifications performed by unauthorised dealers or other persons will
immediately render the warranty null and void.
7 – Routine maintenance and adjustments are the responsibility of the owner and are thus excluded from the
warranty.
8 – The use and mounting of non-original components and accessories will immediately invalidate the
warranty.
Warranty claim procedure
If the WINDROW TURNER presents material or manufacturing defects, the owner should send a written
claim under the warranty, as instructed below.
1 – The machine must be taken to the dealer from which it was purchased or to an authorised CARAVAGGI
dealer.
2 – The owner must present a fully-compiled warranty coupon or, if not available, the purchase invoice.
3 – The warranty claim will be compiled by the dealer, who will send it on to CARAVAGGI.
4 – CARAVAGGI has the sole discretion for accepting or rejecting claims made under the warranty.
5 - The Court of Brescia will have sole jurisdiction in the event of a dispute.
The warranty will come into effect on the date on which the machine is put into operation, provided it does not
exceed 30 days from the date of despatch, and will be valid for 12 calendar months.
Rev.1-2015