Cisco N540-Front Haul User manual

Prepare for Installation
Before you install the Cisco N540-Front Haul routers, you must prepare your site for installation.
Preparing your site involves these tasks:
•General Precautions, on page 1
•Site Planning Checklist, on page 2
•Environmental Requirements, on page 2
•Airflow for Site Planning, on page 3
•Airflow Guidelines, on page 3
•Site Power Guidelines, on page 6
•Site Cabling Guidelines, on page 7
•Tools and Equipment, on page 9
•Prepare Your Location , on page 9
•Prepare Yourself , on page 10
•Prepare Rack for Router Installation, on page 11
•Cabinet Selection Guidelines, on page 12
•Unpack the Cisco NCS 540-Front-Haul Router, on page 13
General Precautions
Observe the following general precautions when using and working with your router:
• Keep your system components away from radiators and heat sources, and do not block cooling vents.
• Do not spill food or liquids on your system components, and never operate the product in a wet
environment.
• Do not push any objects into the openings of your system components. Doing so can cause fire or electric
shock by shorting out interior components.
• Position system cables and power supply cable carefully. Route system cables, the power supply cable,
and plug so that they are not stepped on or tripped over. Be sure that nothing else rests on your system
component cables or power cable.
• Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or your power company for site
modifications. Always follow your local and national wiring rules.
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• If you turn off your system, wait at least 30 seconds before turning it on again to avoid damage to the
system components.
Site Planning Checklist
Use the following checklist to perform and account for all the site planning tasks described in this chapter:
• The site meets the environmental requirements.
• The site’s air conditioning system can compensate for the heat dissipation of the router.
• The floor space that the router occupies can support the weight of the system.
• Electrical service to the site complies with the requirements.
• The electrical circuit servicing the router complies with the requirements.
•Consideration has been given to the console port wiring and limitations of the cabling involved, according
to TIA/EIA-232F.
• The router Ethernet cabling distances are within the prescribed limitations.
• The equipment rack in which you plan to install the router complies with prescribed requirements.
• The following factors have been carefully considered when selecting the location of the rack: safety,
ease of maintenance, and proper airflow.
Environmental Requirements
For outside plant installation (cell site cabinet, hut, and so on), you must protect the router against airborne
contaminants, dust, moisture, insects, pests, corrosive gases, polluted air, or other reactive elements. Sealed
equipment chamber with air-conditioning or a heat exchanger is recommended for OSP deployments. The
equipment chamber must comply with the temperature and clearance requirements. Examples of such cabinets
include IP66 cabinets with heat exchanger complying with Telcordia GR487. Temperature must be maintained
within –40ºC to 65ºC.
The equipment shall be placed inside an enclosure (that is protected from direct outside weather and
environmental stresses by the enclosure), and where the operating climate, as defined by Class 2 of
GR-3108-CORE, is between:
• –40 to 158°F (–40 to 65°C)
• 5% and 85% RH
N540-FH-AGG-SYS is designed to be used in central office application only, as defined by Class 1 of
GR-3108-CORE:
• –32 to 131°F (0 to 55°C)
• 5% to 85% RH
For more information on Environmental properties and Regulatory standards, see the Cisco Network
Convergence System 540 Router Data Sheet.
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Site Planning Checklist

Airflow for Site Planning
For site planning, the Maximum System Airflow at maximum system temperature is 90.0CFM for
N540-FH-CSR-SYS and 125.0CFM for N540-FH-AGG-SYS.
Airflow Guidelines
Cool air is circulated through the router by fans that are located along the rear side of the router. The internal
fans maintain acceptable operating temperatures for the internal components by drawing in cool air through
the vents, and circulating the air through the router.
To ensure adequate airflow, we recommended that you always maintain this minimum clearance distance for
N540-FH-CSR-SYS:
• Front clearance—5 inches (12.7 centimeters)
• Rear clearance—2 inches (5.08 centimeters)
To ensure adequate airflow, we recommended that you always maintain this minimum clearance distance for
N540-FH-AGG-SYS:
• Front clearance—5 inches (12.7 centimeters)
• Rear clearance—6.0 inches (15.24 centimeters)
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Airflow for Site Planning

Figure 1: Airflow Top View Clearance or N540-FH-CSR-SYS
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Airflow Guidelines

Figure 2: Airflow Side View for N540-FH-CSR-SYS
Figure 3: Airflow Side View for N540-FH-AGG-SYS
Note the following points:
• When installing the router in a back-to-back position with another device, ensure that there is a minimum
of 3.9 inches (10 centimeters) airflow clearance between the two devices.
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Airflow Guidelines

• If airflow through the equipment rack and the routers that occupy it is blocked or restricted, or if the
ambient air being drawn into the rack is too warm, an overtemperature condition may occur within the
rack and the routers that occupy it.
• The site must be as dust-free as possible. Dust tends to clog the router fans, reducing the flow of cooling
air through the equipment rack and the routers that occupy it, thereby increasing the risk of an
overtemperature condition.
• Enclosed racks must have adequate ventilation. Ensure that the rack is not congested because each router
generates heat. An enclosed rack must have louvered sides and a fan to provide cooling air. The equipment
generates heat near the bottom of the rack, which can be drawn upward into the intake ports of the
equipment above.
• When mounting a router in an open rack, ensure that the rack frame does not block the exhaust fans.
•When rack-installed equipment fails, especially equipment in an enclosed rack, try operating the equipment
by itself, if possible. Power off all the other equipment in the rack (and in adjacent racks) to give the
router maximum cooling air and clean power.
• Avoid installing the router in a location in which the router air intake vents may draw in the exhaust air
from adjacent equipment. Consider how the air flows through the router; the airflow direction is front to
back, with ambient air drawn in from the vents located on the front panel of the router.
Site Power Guidelines
The chassis has specific power and electrical wiring requirements. Adhering to these requirements ensures
the reliable operation of the system. Follow these precautions and recommendations when planning your site
power for the chassis:
• The redundant power option provides a second, identical power supply to ensure uninterrupted power
supply.
• Connect each power supply to a separate input power source. Otherwise, it results in a total power failure
to the system due to a fault in the external wiring or a tripped circuit breaker.
• To prevent loss of input power, ensure that the maximum load on each circuit is within the current ratings
of the wiring and the breakers.
• Check the power at your site before installation, and periodically after installation, to ensure that you are
receiving clean power. If necessary, install a power conditioner.
• Provide proper grounding to avoid personal injury and damage to the equipment due to power surges or
lightning striking power lines. The chassis ground must be attached to a central office or other interior
ground system.
This product requires short-circuit (overcurrent) protection to be provided as part of the building installation.
Install only in accordance with national and local wiring regulations. Statement 1045
Warning
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Site Power Guidelines

This product requires external surge protection device for both AC and DC power feeds to the equipment.
For DC power feed, the surge protective device (SPD) must handle common mode and differential mode
surge as per the local standards.
Caution
The chassis installation must comply with all the applicable codes, and is approved for use with only copper
conductors. The ground bond-fastening hardware must be compatible and preclude loosening, deterioration,
and electrochemical corrosion of hardware and joined material. Attachment of the chassis ground to a central
office or other interior ground system must be made with a 6-AWG gauge wire copper ground conductor.
Note
The AC PSU requires external surge protection devices for installations where electrical surges higher than
2KV common mode and 2KV differential mode are expected. Failure to do so can result in permanent damage
to the product.
The DC PSU requires external surge protection devices for installations where electrical surges higher than
2KV common mode and 1KV differential mode are expected. Failure to do so can result in permanent damage
to the product.
Note
Electrical Circuit Requirements
Each router requires a dedicated electrical circuit. If you equip the router with dual-power feeds, provide a
separate circuit for each power supply to avoid compromising the power redundancy feature.
The routers can be powered by a DC source. Ensure that equipment grounding is present and observe the
power-strip ratings. Make sure that the total ampere rating of all the products plugged into the power strip
does not exceed 80% of the rating.
Site Cabling Guidelines
This section contains guidelines for wiring and cabling at your site. When preparing your site for network
connections to the router, consider the type of cable required for each component, and the cable limitations.
Consider the distance limitations for signaling, ElectroMagnetic Interference (EMI), and connector
compatibility. Possible cable types are fiber, thick or thin coaxial, foil twisted-pair, or unshielded twisted-pair
cabling.
Also consider any additional interface equipment you need, such as transceivers, hubs, switches, modems,
Channel Service Units (CSU), or Data Service Units (DSU).
Before you install the router, have all the additional external equipment and cables on hand. For information
about ordering, contact a Cisco customer service representative.
The extent of your network and the distances between the network interface connections depend, in part, on
the following factors:
• Signal type
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Electrical Circuit Requirements

• Signal speed
• Transmission medium
The distance and rate limits referenced in the following sections are the IEEE-recommended maximum speeds
and distances for signaling purposes. Use this information as a guideline when planning your network
connections prior to installing the router.
If wires exceed the recommended distances, or if wires pass between buildings, give special consideration to
the effect of a lightning strike in your vicinity. The electromagnetic pulse caused by lightning or other
high-energy phenomena can easily couple enough energy into unshielded conductors to destroy electronic
devices. If you have had problems of this sort in the past, you may want to consult experts in electrical surge
suppression and shielding.
Asynchronous Terminal Connections
The router provides a console port to connect a terminal or computer for local console access. The router
supports RS-232 asynchronous data with distance recommendations specified in the IEEE RS-232 standard.
Interference Considerations
When wires are run for any significant distance, there is a risk that stray signals will be induced on the wires
as interference. If interference signals are strong, they may cause data errors or damage to the equipment.
The following sections describe the sources of interference and how to minimize their effects on the router
system.
Electromagnetic Interference
All the equipment powered by AC current can propagate electrical energy that can cause EMI and possibly
affect the operation of other equipment. The typical sources of EMI are equipment power cords and power
service cables from electric utility companies.
Strong EMI can destroy the signal drivers and receivers in the router and even create an electrical hazard by
causing power surges through the power lines into installed equipment. These problems are rare, but could
be catastrophic.
To resolve these problems, you need specialized knowledge and equipment that could consume substantial
time and money. However, you can ensure that you have a properly grounded and shielded electrical
environment, paying special attention to the need for electrical surge suppression.
Radio Frequency Interference
When electromagnetic fields act over a long distance, Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) may be propagated.
Building wiring can often act as an antenna, receiving the RFI signals and creating more EMI on the wiring.
If you use twisted-pair cable in your plant wiring with a good distribution of grounding conductors, the plant
wiring is unlikely to emit radio interference. If you exceed the recommended distances, use a high-quality
twisted-pair cable with one ground conductor for each data signal.
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Asynchronous Terminal Connections

Lightning and AC Power Fault Interference
If signal wires exceed the recommended cabling distances, or if signal wires pass between buildings, you
should consider the effect that a lightning strike in your vicinity might have on the router.
The Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) generated by lightning or other high-energy phenomena can couple enough
energy into unshielded conductors to damage or destroy electronic equipment. If you have previously
experienced such problems, you should consult with RFI and EMI experts to ensure that you have adequate
electrical surge suppression and shielding of signal cables in your router operating environment.
Tools and Equipment
You need the following tools and equipment to install and upgrade the router and its components:
• ESD-preventive cord and wrist strap
• Antistatic mat or antistatic foam
• Number 1 and Number 2 Phillips-head screwdrivers
• #12-24 pan-head screws to secure the router to the equipment rack
• Cables for connecting to the network ports (depending on the configuration)
For more information about cable specifications, see the Troubleshooting section.
• Ethernet hub, switch, or PC with a network interface card for connecting to the Ethernet ports
• Console terminal (an ASCII terminal or a PC running terminal emulation software) that is configured
for 115200 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, no flow control, and 1stop bit
• Console cable for connecting to the console port
•Ratcheting torque screwdriver with a Phillips head that exerts up to 30-pound force per square inch (in-lb)
or 0.02-kilograms force per square millimeter (kgf/mm2) of pressure
• Crimping tool as specified by the ground lug manufacturer
• Wire-stripping tools for stripping both 6-AWG and 14-AWG wires
• Tape measure and level
Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, or service this equipment. Statement
1030
Warning
Prepare Your Location
This section illustrates how the building that houses the chassis must be properly grounded to the earth ground.
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Lightning and AC Power Fault Interference

Figure 4: Building with Rack Room Connected to Earth Ground
Prepare Yourself
This section illustrates how to prepare yourself before removing the chassis from the sealed antistatic bag.
The figures show how to wear the ESD strap around the wrist and how to connect the other end of the strap
to the ground. ESD wrist straps are the primary means of controlling static charge on personnel.
Note: These images are for only representation purposes. The chassis' actual appearance and size would vary.
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Prepare Yourself